CN110981800A - Preparation method of lenvatinib - Google Patents
Preparation method of lenvatinib Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981800A CN110981800A CN201911404054.3A CN201911404054A CN110981800A CN 110981800 A CN110981800 A CN 110981800A CN 201911404054 A CN201911404054 A CN 201911404054A CN 110981800 A CN110981800 A CN 110981800A
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- WOSKHXYHFSIKNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lenvatinib Chemical compound C=12C=C(C(N)=O)C(OC)=CC2=NC=CC=1OC(C=C1Cl)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC1CC1 WOSKHXYHFSIKNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229960003784 lenvatinib Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 abstract description 8
- ZIGQFRQZYVQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzonitrile Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=C1 ZIGQFRQZYVQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010534 nucleophilic substitution reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- -1 N-t-butoxycarbonyl-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline Chemical compound 0.000 description 10
- CWSKRFZBQUFCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methoxy-4-oxo-3H-quinoline-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound C(#N)C=1C=C2C(CC=NC2=CC=1OC)=O CWSKRFZBQUFCLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QVPZNUIZEVRITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-cyclopropylurea Chemical compound ClC1=CC(O)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC1CC1 QVPZNUIZEVRITP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- KTDRJLRJAHBQDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-methoxybenzonitrile Chemical compound COC1=CC(N)=CC=C1C#N KTDRJLRJAHBQDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- MLIKCKXLGYEGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-4-nitrobenzonitrile Chemical compound COC1=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=CC=C1C#N MLIKCKXLGYEGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PCDQEBQGDAXMLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-7-methoxyquinoline-6-carbonitrile Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=C2C=C(C#N)C(OC)=CC2=N1 PCDQEBQGDAXMLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PZXBYWPNJSCKFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(4-chloro-7-methoxyquinolin-6-yl)formamide Chemical compound COC1=CC2=NC=CC(=C2C=C1NC=O)Cl PZXBYWPNJSCKFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- INUNLMUAPJVRME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-chloropropanoyl chloride Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)=O INUNLMUAPJVRME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005863 Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZFBKYGFPUCUYIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-chlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=C1 ZFBKYGFPUCUYIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCXGWOFGMVEUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-3-methoxybenzonitrile Chemical compound COC1=CC(C#N)=CC=C1N SCXGWOFGMVEUGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005839 oxidative dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KKGIWBUJQFFOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonyloxycarbonyloxycarbonyl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C KKGIWBUJQFFOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HETSDWRDICBRSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3h-quinolin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)CC=NC2=C1 HETSDWRDICBRSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminosalicylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNDOFJFSHZCKGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloroquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Cl)=CC=NC2=C1 KNDOFJFSHZCKGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006570 Euonymus japonicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016796 Euonymus japonicus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010033701 Papillary thyroid cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 208000024770 Thyroid neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004909 aminosalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010520 demethylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015799 differentiated thyroid carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003325 follicular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M iodine-131(1-) Chemical compound [131I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-RNFDNDRNSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000007270 liver cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014018 liver neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001394 metastastic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010061289 metastatic neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UWBIELVOWZLWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;propan-2-ol Chemical compound OC.CC(C)O.CC(C)O UWBIELVOWZLWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002154 non-small cell lung carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124606 potential therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124617 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000002510 thyroid cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000030045 thyroid gland papillary carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000029729 tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940121358 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005483 tyrosine kinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004917 tyrosine kinase inhibitor derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D215/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/48—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of lenvatinib, which is characterized in that 4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile is used as an initial raw material, and nitro group electron-withdrawing is introduced into molecules, so that the electron cloud density of a benzene ring is greatly reduced, nucleophilic substitution reaction is facilitated, and the reaction temperature is greatly reduced; amino protection, namely adopting ZnO as Lewis acid to ensure that the reaction in the step is green; through the processes of acylation, deprotection and intramolecular alkylation, compared with the traditional high-temperature reaction, the synthesis route is novel, the reaction temperature is low, the condition is mild and green, no dangerous step is caused, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of lenvatinib, in particular to a novel preparation method of oral lenvatinib serving as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
Background
Lenvatinib (E7080), chemically known as 4- (3-chloro-4- (cyclopropylaminocarbonyl) aminophenoxy) -7-methoxy-6-quinolinecarboxamide, is an oral multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Euonymus japonicus K.K. (Eisai), and is a potential therapeutic agent for thyroid cancer, liver cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and other solid tumors. In year 2 of 2013, lentitinib was approved by FDA for use in the treatment of follicular, medullary, undifferentiated, metastatic or locally advanced papillary thyroid cancer in year 2015, month 2 and 13, and lentitinib was approved by FDA for use in the treatment of radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer.
The Levatinib is synthesized by the reaction of an intermediate 6-formamido-7-methoxyl-4-chloroquinoline and 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea. One of the common schemes in the prior art is that 4-cyano-3-chloroaniline is used as a starting material disclosed in 7253286B2[ P ]. 2007-08-07, firstly, the 4-cyano-3-chloroaniline is reacted with sodium methoxide in a high boiling point solvent NMP to prepare the 4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline, then the 4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline is condensed with Mai de rum acid, then the 4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline is cyclized, oxidized, chlorinated, hydrolyzed, acylchlorinated and aminated in diphenyl ether at high temperature, and finally the product is reacted with 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea to prepare the compound. The main defects of the scheme are long route, harsh reaction conditions and high requirements on equipment for large-scale production.
The specific route of the scheme is as follows:
the other scheme is that 4-aminosalicylic acid is used as a starting raw material, and is firstly reacted with a virulent reagent dimethyl sulfate for methyl esterification, then condensed with acetone produced by malonic acid in the presence of orthoformate, and then cyclized at high temperature under the protection of nitrogen, chlorinated and aminolyzed, and finally prepared with 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea. (for example: China journal of pharmaceutical chemistry 2015, 25(4): 285- & 288.) the method is still harsh in reaction conditions and uses highly toxic reagents.
The specific route of the scheme is as follows:
disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the reaction conditions of the preparation method of lenvatinib in the prior art are harsh, and provides a novel preparation method of lenvatinib, which has low cost and is simple and convenient to operate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the synthetic route of the invention is as follows:
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: synthesis of 4-nitro-2-methoxybenzonitrile (a)
4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile is dissolved in a solvent and undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction with sodium methoxide to prepare 4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile (a), and the nucleophilic substitution reaction is much easier due to the existence of nitro electron-withdrawing groups in molecules; the specific reaction is as follows:
the second step is that: synthesis of 4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline (b)
The 4-nitro-2-methoxy benzonitrile is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation to reduce the nitro group into amino group, and during the reduction process, the temperature of the hydrogenation reaction needs to be well controlled due to the existence of cyano group and methoxy group, otherwise, the yield of the product is reduced. The hydrogenation takes ethanol as a solvent, the reaction temperature is controlled between 30 and 50 ℃, the byproducts of the reduction of the cyano group are minimal, and no demethylation reaction occurs; the specific reaction is as follows:
the third step: synthesis of N-t-butoxycarbonyl-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline (c)
4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline with di-tert-butoxycarbonyldicarbonate ((Boc)2O) reaction, usually a base is chosen as catalyst, while Lewis acids are also used for amino group (Boc)2And (4) protecting by O. In the development of the project, Lewis acid ZnO is found to be capable of effectively catalyzing the reaction to carry out amino protection to prepare N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline (c), ZnO in the reaction is insoluble in a reaction system and water and belongs to heterogeneous reaction, and the catalyst can be effectively recovered and reused, so that the reaction in the step is green; the specific reaction is as follows:
the fourth step: synthesis of 4-cyano-3-methoxy-2- (3-chloroacetyl) aniline (d)
Boc-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline and 3-chloropropionyl chloride in Lewis acid AlCl3Carrying out Friedel-crafts acylation reaction under catalysis, simultaneously removing amino protection from HCl generated in the reaction to prepare 4-cyano-3-methoxy-2- (3-chloroacetyl) aniline (d), wherein in the synthesis of the project, the Friedel-crafts acylation reaction and the amino protection are carried out simultaneously, and due to the nucleophilicity of the amino, the using amount of aluminum trichloride in the reaction is 1.5-2 equivalents; the specific reaction is as follows:
the fifth step: synthesis of 6-cyano-7-methoxytetrahydroquinolin-4-one (e)
4-cyano-3-methoxy-2- (3-chloroacetyl) aniline is subjected to intramolecular alkylation reaction under alkaline condition, and cyclization is carried out to form 6-cyano-7-methoxytetrahydroquinoline-4-ketone (e), wherein the specific reaction is as follows:
and a sixth step: synthesis of 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone (f)
Oxidative dehydrogenation of 6-cyano-7-methoxytetrahydroquinolin-4-one by DDQ to form 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone (f); the specific reaction is as follows:
the seventh step: synthesis (g) of 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline
Synthesizing 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone by reacting 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone with thionyl chloride (g); the specific reaction is as follows:
eighth step: synthesis (h) of 6-carboxamido-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline
Hydrolyzing 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-chlorolinone under an acidic condition to synthesize 6-formamido-7-methoxy-4-chlorolinone (h); the specific reaction is as follows:
the ninth step: synthesis of Levatinib (i)
Nucleophilic substitution reaction of 6-formamido-7-methoxyl-4-chloroquinoline and 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea in alkaline condition to prepare lenvatinib (i); the specific reaction is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of taking 4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile as an initial raw material, forming methyl ether through nucleophilic substitution reaction, reducing nitro, protecting amino, carrying out friedel-crafts acylation reaction with 3-chloropropionyl chloride, simultaneously removing amino protection from acid formed in the reaction, carrying out intramolecular alkylation reaction under an alkaline condition, carrying out oxidative dehydrogenation on DDQ to form 4-quinolinone, forming 4-chloroquinoline under the condition of thionyl chloride, hydrolyzing cyano to form amide under an acidic condition, and directly synthesizing the Levatinib key intermediate 6-formamido-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline (i). Then the mixture and 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea are subjected to alkylation reaction under the action of alkali to prepare the delavatinib.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method takes 4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile as an initial raw material, and introduces nitro electron-withdrawing in molecules, so that the electron cloud density of benzene rings is greatly reduced, nucleophilic substitution reaction is facilitated, and the reaction temperature is greatly reduced; amino protection, namely adopting ZnO as Lewis acid to ensure that the reaction in the step is green; through the processes of acylation, deprotection and intramolecular alkylation, compared with the traditional high-temperature reaction, the synthesis route is novel, the reaction temperature is low, the condition is mild and green, no dangerous step is caused, and the method is suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a chromatogram of 6-carboxamido-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline;
figure 2 is a chromatogram of lenvatinib.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Examples
S1, Synthesis of 4-nitro-2-methoxybenzonitrile (a)
Dissolving 181g of 4-nitro-2-chlorobenzonitrile in 300g of methanol, heating, refluxing and dissolving, dropwise adding 300g of 30% sodium methoxide solution into the system, finishing dropping for 1h, keeping the temperature of the reaction system for reaction for 12h, after the reaction is finished, recovering most of methanol under reduced pressure, pouring residues into ice water, separating out a large amount of yellow solid, filtering, washing a filter cake to be neutral, recrystallizing the filter cake with isopropanol to obtain 147g of yellow solid, wherein the yield is 83%.
Synthesis of S2, 4-cyano-2-methoxyaniline (b)
Taking 17.8g of 4-nitro-2-methoxybenzonitrile, dissolving in 50 ml of ethanol, firstly replacing air in a system with nitrogen for three times, then replacing a reaction system with hydrogen for three times, adding 1.5g of Pd/C, heating the system to 40 ℃, reacting for 4 hours, cooling the system to room temperature after the reaction is finished, removing a hydrogen source, filtering, decompressing and recovering the solvent, adding 100 ml of ice dilute hydrochloric acid (1mol/L), extracting twice with ethyl acetate, adjusting the pH of a water layer to 9-10 with sodium carbonate, separating out a large amount of yellow solid, recrystallizing with isopropanol to obtain light yellow solid powder, and drying in vacuum to obtain 11.3g with the yield of 76%.
S3 Synthesis of N-t-butyloxycarbonyl-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline (c)
148g of 4-cyano-2-methoxyaniline is added with 400g of di-tert-butoxycarbonyldicarbonate and 5g of ZnO, the mixture reacts for 2 hours at room temperature, after the reaction is finished, the reaction system is filtered to remove the ZnO, the residue is poured into 300 ml of water, 500 ml of ethyl acetate is used for extraction, an organic layer is dried by anhydrous sodium sulfate, the filtration is carried out, the filtrate is decompressed, the solvent is recovered, 246g of white solid powder is obtained, and the yield is 99%.
S4 Synthesis of 4-cyano-3-methoxy-2- (3-chloroacetyl) aniline (d)
Dissolving 124g of N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-4-cyano-3-methoxyaniline in 350 ml of tetrachloroethylene, cooling the system to 5 ℃ in ice bath, adding 70g of 3-chloropropionyl chloride, keeping the temperature of the system to 5-10 ℃, adding 120g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride in batches, controlling the temperature of the system to be 5-10 ℃, completing the addition within about 30 minutes, slowly heating the system to room temperature after the completion of the addition, continuing to react for 1.5 hours, slowly pouring the reaction system into ice water after the reaction is completed, stirring for 40-60 minutes, adjusting the pH of the system to be neutral by sodium carbonate, extracting by 400ml of ethyl acetate, washing an organic layer for 2 times by water, drying the anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering, recovering the solvent from the filtrate under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing methyl tert-ether to obtain 176g of a light yellow solid with the yield of 74%.
Synthesis of S5, 6-cyano-7-methoxytetrahydroquinolin-4-one (e)
Dissolving 119g of 4-cyano-3-methoxy-2- (3-chloroacetyl) aniline in 400ml of acetonitrile, adding 25g of sodium hydroxide, heating, refluxing for reaction for 7 hours, filtering after the reaction is finished, recovering the solvent from the filtrate under reduced pressure, adding 300 ml of ethyl acetate into the system, stirring uniformly, slowly pouring into ice water, separating, washing an organic layer to be neutral, drying with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering, recovering the solvent under reduced pressure, and recrystallizing tert-methyl ether to obtain 92g with the yield of 91%.
Synthesis of S6, 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone (f)
Dissolving 101g of 6-cyano-7-methoxytetrahydroquinoline-4-ketone in 200 ml of ethyl acetate, adding DDQ200g, carrying out reflux reaction overnight on the system, cooling the system to room temperature after the reaction is finished, adding ice dilute hydrochloric acid into the system until the pH is 2-3, stirring for 30 minutes, separating liquid, adjusting the pH of a water layer to 9-10 by using sodium carbonate, precipitating a large amount of yellow solid, and recrystallizing tert-methyl ether to obtain 91g, wherein the yield is 91%.
Synthesis of S7, 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline (g)
Taking 100g of 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-quinolinone, adding 300g of thionyl chloride, heating the system to reflux, reacting for 6 hours, after the reaction is finished, recovering unreacted thionyl chloride under reduced pressure, adding ethyl acetate into the residue, uniformly stirring, slowly pouring the system into ice water, adjusting the pH value of the system to about 9 by sodium carbonate, stirring for 3 hours, separating liquid, washing an organic layer to be neutral, drying anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtering, recovering a solvent from the filtrate under reduced pressure, and recovering petroleum ether as the residue: recrystallization from ethyl acetate 1:1 gave 101g of a pale yellow solid powder with a yield of 93%.
S8, 6-carboxamido-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline (h)
109g of 6-cyano-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline is taken, 100g of acetic acid and 100 ml of 3mol/L diluted hydrochloric acid are added, the system is heated to 60 ℃ for reaction for 3 hours, after the reaction is finished, the system is cooled to room temperature, the pH value of the system is 9-10 under the condition of sodium hydroxide, a large amount of yellow solid is separated out, the yellow solid is filtered, a filter cake is washed to be neutral, and isopropanol-methanol-isopropanol are recrystallized for three times to obtain 102g of white solid with the yield of 87%.
S9 Synthesis of Levatinib (i)
Taking 23.6g of 6-formamido-7-methoxy-4-chloroquinoline and 26g of 1- (2-chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -3-cyclopropyl urea, dissolving in 100 ml of DMF, adding 100g of sodium ethoxide, heating the system to 90 ℃, reacting for 12h, cooling the system to room temperature after the reaction is finished, slowly pouring the reaction system into 100 ml of water, precipitating a large amount of solid, filtering, washing the filter cake with water, and recrystallizing the filter cake with isopropanol to obtain 32.5g of white solid with the yield of 77%.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
2. the process for the preparation of lenvatinib of claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature for the synthesis of product b is from 30 ℃ to 50 ℃.
3. The process for the preparation of lenvatinib of claim 1, wherein the amount of aluminum trichloride used for the synthesis of product d is 1.5-2 equivalents.
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CN112110856A (en) * | 2020-10-25 | 2020-12-22 | 南京法恩化学有限公司 | Preparation method of 4-chloro-7-methoxyquinoline-6-amide |
CN112142662A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2020-12-29 | 南京法恩化学有限公司 | Preparation method of lervatinib mesylate |
CN112654603A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-04-13 | 因德纳有限公司 | Preparation method of lenvatinib |
CN112654603B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2024-05-03 | 意迪那有限公司 | Preparation method of lenvatinib |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112654603A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-04-13 | 因德纳有限公司 | Preparation method of lenvatinib |
CN112654603B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2024-05-03 | 意迪那有限公司 | Preparation method of lenvatinib |
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