CN110975448B - Flue gas purification system for boiler and operation method thereof - Google Patents

Flue gas purification system for boiler and operation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110975448B
CN110975448B CN201911164687.1A CN201911164687A CN110975448B CN 110975448 B CN110975448 B CN 110975448B CN 201911164687 A CN201911164687 A CN 201911164687A CN 110975448 B CN110975448 B CN 110975448B
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smoke
plate
holes
telescopic rod
cylinder
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CN110975448A (en
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汪国锋
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Hangzhou Xiaoyue Thermal Power Co., Ltd
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Hangzhou Xiaoyue Dyeing And Weaving Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0052—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation
    • B01D46/0054—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation with translational movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
    • B01D46/442—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by measuring the concentration of particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/48—Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a flue gas purification system for a boiler and an operation method thereof. Belong to gas cleaning technical field, after the flue gas comes out from the boiler, carry out solid cigarette separation to the flue gas earlier, then will carry out the flue gas after solid cigarette separation and send into the gas cleaning device and go to carry out gas cleaning in the flue gas cleaning device again to the degree of solid cigarette separation can freely be controlled. The flue gas purification system for the boiler comprises the boiler, a flue gas purification device, a first vertical pipe with a rectangular cross section of an inner pipe cavity, a smoke extractor, a storage and a controller; the left support is arranged on the outer pipe wall on the left side of the first vertical pipe, and the first air cylinder with the telescopic rod arranged towards the right is arranged on the left support.

Description

Flue gas purification system for boiler and operation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, in particular to a flue gas purification system for a boiler and an operation method thereof.
Background
At present, when boiler flue gas is treated, flue gas coming out of a boiler is generally directly introduced into a flue gas purification device to be subjected to flue gas purification, but the flue gas sent into the flue gas purification device at each time contains a large number of particles, and the particle amount of the flue gas entering the flue gas purification device at each different time interval is different, however, the flue gas purification device is added with a purifying agent to be subjected to flue gas purification according to the same purification treatment requirement at each moment, and the particle content and the particle size in the flue gas have great influence on the purification effect of the flue gas purification.
The flue gas in the particles is difficult to purify when the particles are large, the flue gas is difficult to fully react by the aid of large particle content, and the purifying effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flue gas purification system for a boiler and an operation method thereof, aiming at solving the defect that when the flue gas purification device of the existing boiler purifies the flue gas, the flue gas contains a large amount of particles, and the large amount of particles in the flue gas influence the flue gas purification effect.
The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme:
the flue gas purification system for the boiler comprises the boiler, a flue gas purification device, a first vertical pipe with a rectangular cross section of an inner pipe cavity, a smoke extractor, a storage and a controller; a left support is arranged on the outer pipe wall on the left side of the first vertical pipe, and a first air cylinder with a telescopic rod arranged towards the right is arranged on the left support;
a first flue gas inlet communicated with a pipe cavity of the first vertical pipe is formed in the lower end of the left pipe wall of the first vertical pipe; two ends of a first smoke communicating pipe provided with a first valve are respectively connected to a smoke inlet of a smoke extractor and a smoke outlet of a boiler in a butt joint mode, and two ends of a second smoke communicating pipe provided with a second valve are respectively connected to a smoke outlet of the smoke extractor and a first smoke inlet of a first vertical pipe in a butt joint mode;
a dust collecting bag is detachably connected to the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
a lower partition hole communicated with a pipe cavity of the first vertical pipe is formed in the left pipe wall of the first vertical pipe below the first flue gas inlet hole;
a lower partition plate is arranged in the lower partition hole in a sealed left-right sliding manner, and the left end of the lower partition plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod of the first air cylinder; the lower partition plate can seal and separate the tube cavity of the first vertical tube up and down under the control of the left-right expansion and contraction of the expansion link of the first air cylinder;
a particle filtering mechanism is hermetically and vertically arranged in the first vertical pipe in a sliding manner, and comprises a lower layer plate, two heightening strips, a plurality of upper pressure rods, an upper layer plate and a second cylinder; two ends of the two heightening strips are longitudinally and fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the upper surface of the lower layer plate respectively, two ends of a plurality of upper pressure rods are fixedly connected with the two heightening strips respectively, each upper pressure rod is arranged in parallel at intervals, so that a spacing cavity is formed between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate, the upper layer plate is arranged in the spacing cavity between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate in a left-right sliding mode, the lower surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the upper surface of the lower layer plate in a sealing extrusion left-right sliding mode, and the upper surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the lower surface of each upper pressure rod in an extrusion sliding mode; the cylinder seat of the second cylinder is fixedly arranged on the heightening strip positioned on the left side of the upper plate, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is arranged towards the right, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pushed by the telescopic rod of the second cylinder to move left and right on the upper surface of the lower plate; a plurality of holes are distributed on the upper surface of the lower plate in a row-column manner, a plurality of holes are also distributed on the upper surface of the upper plate in a row-column manner, and the pore diameter of the hole on the upper plate is equal to the pore diameter of the hole on the lower plate; the hole center line of the hole on the upper plate and the hole center line of the hole on the lower plate are arranged in a one-to-one up-and-down opposite mode;
an upper baffle plate is arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper pressure rod, and the edge of the upper baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe in a sealing manner; a vertical rod passing hole is formed in the middle of the upper partition plate;
a third cylinder with a telescopic rod vertically arranged downwards is fixedly arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper partition plate, the telescopic rod of the third cylinder is hermetically and vertically arranged in a vertical rod passing hole in a sliding manner, the lower end of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder is fixedly connected to an upper pressure rod of the particle filtering mechanism, and the particle filtering mechanism can move up and down in the first vertical pipe below the upper partition plate under the driving of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder;
a first flue gas outlet is formed in the left side pipe wall of a first vertical pipe positioned below the upper partition plate; two ends of a third flue gas communicating pipe provided with a third valve are respectively connected with the first flue gas outlet and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purifying device in a butt joint manner; a limiting block capable of limiting the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards continuously is arranged on the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe below the first smoke outlet;
the control end of the first air cylinder, the control end of the second air cylinder, the control end of the third air cylinder, the control end of the first valve, the control end of the second valve, the control end of the third valve, the control end of the smoke extractor and the memory are respectively connected with the controller.
Method for operating a flue gas cleaning system for a boiler, said method being implemented as follows:
under the control of the controller,
at the start of the process, the temperature of the process,
s1, closing all the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s2, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down;
s3, moving the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism to the upper orifice of the first smoke inlet by means of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder;
s4, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s5, pressing the right end face of the lower partition plate tightly and closely to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, and forming a closed pipe cavity between the lower plate and the lower partition plate;
s6, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s7, starting a smoke extractor, enabling smoke in the boiler to sequentially pass through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe to be sucked into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate by the smoke extractor, enabling a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder to contract upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards, enabling the volume of a sealed pipe cavity to be increased after the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards, and enabling more smoke to enter the sealed pipe cavity after the volume of the sealed pipe cavity is increased;
s8, when the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards to the position of the limiting block, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are all closed;
s9, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and forming first filtering holes meeting the first filtering requirement after the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate are staggered;
s10, moving the particle filtering mechanism downwards by means of a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder, and pressing large particles in the smoke on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block;
s11, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s12, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole;
s13, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
s14, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag;
s15, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder;
s16, finishing the first solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s17, moving the upper plate to the left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down;
s18, then, the telescopic rod of the third cylinder contracts upwards to enable the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to the position of the limiting block;
s19, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to enable holes in the upper plate and holes in the lower plate to be staggered with each other to form second filtering holes meeting second filtering requirements; the diameter of the second filtering hole is smaller than that of the first filtering hole;
s20, moving the particle filtering mechanism downwards by means of a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder, and pressing large particles in the smoke on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block;
s21, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s22, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole;
s23, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
s24, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag;
s25, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder;
s26, finishing the second solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s27, circulating in such a way, the solid smoke separation of the smoke for a plurality of times can be realized, and the particle diameter of the next separation is smaller than that of the previous separation;
s28, when the smoke is subjected to solid smoke separation for a plurality of times, the particle content in the smoke is reduced; then, the lower surface of a lower layer plate of the particle filtering mechanism is moved to an upper hole position of the first smoke inlet hole by virtue of a telescopic rod of a third cylinder;
s29, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s30, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s31, starting a smoke extractor, pumping smoke in the boiler into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate through the smoke extractor sequentially through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe, and stopping the smoke extractor after a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder contracts upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to a limiting block;
s32, sending the filtered smoke above the particle filtering mechanism into a smoke purifying device through a third smoke communicating pipe, and continuously performing smoke purifying treatment on the part of the filtered smoke by the smoke purifying device;
s33, new unfiltered flue gas in the boiler enters the vertical pipe below the particle filtering mechanism;
s34, closing the valve III, and closing the valve I and the valve II at the same time;
s35, then, the smoke newly entering the first vertical pipe can be subjected to solid-smoke separation, the solid-smoke separation is carried out on the smoke in the boiler, and then the smoke after the solid-smoke separation is sent to a smoke purification device for smoke purification treatment.
This scheme is after the flue gas comes out from the boiler, carries out solid cigarette separation to the flue gas earlier, then will carry out the flue gas after solid cigarette separation and send into the flue gas purification device in and go to carry out gas cleaning to the degree of solid cigarette separation can free control, good reliability.
Preferably, a first groove is formed in the left inner side wall of a first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, a first signal lamp is arranged in the first groove, and a first transparent glass sheet of which the outer surface and the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe are in the same vertical plane is hermetically arranged in a notch of the first groove located on the outer side of the first signal lamp; a second groove is formed in the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe, and the first groove and the second groove are horizontally arranged right and left; a first photoelectric sensor is arranged in the second groove, and a second transparent glass sheet with the outer surface in the same vertical plane as the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical tube is hermetically arranged in a notch of the second groove positioned outside the first photoelectric sensor; when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the limiting block, the first groove and the second groove are positioned below the particle filtering mechanism, and when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the first smoke inlet, the first groove and the second groove are positioned above the particle filtering mechanism; the control end of a signal lamp and the photoelectric sensor are respectively connected with the controller.
The light energy emitted by the first lamp is transmitted to the first photoelectric sensor, if the first photoelectric sensor sees that the obtained light signal is stronger, the content of particles in the smoke is low, otherwise, the content of particles in the smoke is high.
Preferably, a third groove is formed in the left inner side wall of the first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, an air pressure detection sensor connected with the controller is arranged in the third groove, and an air pressure detection surface of the air pressure detection sensor and the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe are located in the same vertical plane; and when the particle filtering mechanism is located at the limiting block, the air pressure detection sensor is located below the particle filtering mechanism, and when the particle filtering mechanism is located at the first smoke inlet, the air pressure detection sensor is located above the particle filtering mechanism.
The gas pressure detection sensor can detect the density of smoke in the first vertical pipe, the density of the smoke is high, the quantity of particles in a unit volume is high, the density of the smoke is low, and the quantity of the particles in the unit volume is low.
Preferably, a rotating ring driven by a rotating shaft of a first motor to rotate is horizontally and rotatably sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the first vertical pipe at the lower pipe opening of the first vertical pipe, and a base of the first motor is fixed on the outer pipe wall of the first vertical pipe above the rotating ring; one end of one ash scraping sheet is bent upwards and then fixedly connected to the rotating ring, and the ash scraping section of the ash scraping sheet is arranged in parallel with the lower surface of the lower laminate; the lower surface of the lower plate is a plane which is horizontally arranged; the control end of the first motor is connected with the controller.
The dust scraping sheet easily scrapes off the particle compression block on the lower surface of the lower plate, and prevents the holes on the lower plate from being blocked.
Preferably, a sliding cover is arranged in the first vertical pipe above the third cylinder in a vertically sealed sliding mode.
Having had the sliding cover just can prevent that the flue gas from the vertical pole hole of crossing on the last baffle from entering into the flue gas that is located a vertical intraductal vertical outside of tubes of last baffle top again by discharging two influence environments outside a vertical pipe, consequently set up a sliding cover and just can stop the flue gas in a vertical pipe and discharged, good reliability.
Preferably, the bag opening of the dust collecting bag is tightly sleeved on the outer surface of a first vertical pipe positioned above a first motor. Convenient and simple to use, the reliability is high.
The invention can achieve the following effects:
after the flue gas comes out of the boiler, the flue gas is firstly subjected to solid-smoke separation, and then the flue gas subjected to solid-smoke separation is sent into the flue gas purification device for flue gas purification, and the degree of solid-smoke separation can be freely controlled, so that the reliability is good.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the particulate filter mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention is located at the upper opening of the first flue gas inlet, and the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the particulate filter mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention is located at the upper hole of the first flue gas inlet, and the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered from each other, so that the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state when the particle filtering mechanism moves upward to the position of the limiting block, the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are completely staggered, and the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated with each other at this time according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state when the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards to a position of a limiting block and holes on an upper plate and holes on a lower plate are staggered with each other to form first filtering holes meeting first filtering requirements in embodiment 1 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the first vertical tube in the use state in which the particle filter mechanism moves downward to press the large particles in the flue gas against the upper surface of the lower partition plate for the first time to form a particle compression block, and the particles in the first vertical tube are obviously reduced in amount in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a connection structure in a use state in which, in example 1 of the present invention, after forming compressed pellets, holes of an upper plate and holes of a lower plate are completely staggered with respect to each other so that the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not in communication with each other and the right end of a lower partition plate is positioned in a lower partition hole.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a particle compression block dropped into a dust collection bag in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filter mechanism is located at the lower partition hole according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the filter mechanism of embodiment 1 is located at the upper port of the first smoke inlet, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other, and the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the filter mechanism of embodiment 1 is located at the upper port of the first flue gas inlet, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other, and the right end surface of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the filter mechanism is located at the upper port of the first smoke inlet, and the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the particle filtering mechanism of embodiment 1 of the present invention is located at a position of a limiting block, and a hole on an upper plate and a hole on a lower plate are arranged opposite to each other.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the particle filtering mechanism in an operating state in which the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate form the second filtering holes at the position of the limiting block according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the connection structure of the first vertical pipe in a use state when the particle filter mechanism moves downward to press large particles in the flue gas against the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block for the second time and the particles in the first vertical pipe are obviously reduced in the embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing a connection structure in a use state in which, in example 1 of the present invention, after the second formation of the compressed pellet blocks, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered with respect to each other, so that the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other, and the right end of the lower partition plate is positioned in the lower partition hole.
FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a connection structure of a state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the particulate filter mechanism is located at the lower partition hole and the particulate compression block is dropped into the dust collection bag according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the filter mechanism of example 1 is located at the upper port of the first smoke inlet, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other, and the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the filter mechanism of embodiment 1 is located at the upper port of the first flue gas inlet, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not communicated with each other, and the right end surface of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are all opened, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filter mechanism is located at the upper port of the first smoke inlet, the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, and the particle filter mechanism starts to move upward in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which holes on an upper plate and holes on a lower plate of a particle filtering mechanism are completely staggered, the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards, smoke in a boiler is pumped into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between the lower plate and a lower partition plate through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe by a smoke extractor sequentially, and meanwhile, a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder contracts upwards to enable the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards according to embodiment 1 of the invention.
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the particulate filter mechanism of the present invention in which the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are arranged to face each other.
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the particle filter mechanism of the present invention in which the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are completely staggered, such that the lower surface of the upper plate is completely sealed and covers the upper openings of the holes of the upper plate, and the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are not in communication with each other.
FIG. 22 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the particle filter mechanism of the present invention in which the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are staggered to form filter holes meeting a certain filtering requirement.
Fig. 23 is a schematic block diagram of a circuit schematic connection structure of the present invention.
Fig. 24 is a schematic view of a connection structure in a use state in which the lower surface of the lower plate of the particulate filter mechanism of embodiment 2 of the present invention is located at the upper opening of the first flue gas inlet, and the holes of the upper plate and the holes of the lower plate are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Embodiment 1, a flue gas cleaning system for a boiler, see fig. 1, 23. Comprises a boiler 8, a smoke purifying device 20, a first vertical pipe 24 with a rectangular cross section of an inner pipe cavity, a smoke extractor 5, a storage 33 and a controller 34; a left support 11 is arranged on the outer pipe wall on the left side of the first vertical pipe, and a first cylinder 10 with a telescopic rod arranged towards the right is arranged on the left support;
a first flue gas inlet 13 communicated with the pipe cavity of the first vertical pipe is formed in the lower end of the left pipe wall of the first vertical pipe; two ends of a first smoke communicating pipe 7 provided with a first valve 6 are respectively connected to a smoke inlet of a smoke extractor and a smoke outlet of a boiler in a butt joint mode, and two ends of a second smoke communicating pipe 3 provided with a second valve 4 are respectively connected to a smoke outlet of the smoke extractor and a first smoke inlet of a first vertical pipe in a butt joint mode;
a dust collecting bag 1 is detachably connected to the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
a lower partition hole 12 communicated with the tube cavity of the first vertical tube is formed in the left tube wall of the first vertical tube below the first flue gas inlet;
a lower clapboard 2 is arranged in the lower clapboard hole in a sealing left-right sliding way, and the left end of the lower clapboard is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod 9 of the first air cylinder; the lower partition plate can seal and separate the tube cavity of the first vertical tube up and down under the control of the left-right expansion and contraction of the expansion link of the first air cylinder;
a particle filtering mechanism 31 is arranged in the first vertical pipe in a sealing and up-and-down sliding manner, and comprises a lower layer plate 29, two heightening strips 14, a plurality of upper pressure rods 17, an upper layer plate 27 and a second cylinder 15; two ends of the two heightening strips are longitudinally and fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the upper surface of the lower layer plate respectively, two ends of a plurality of upper pressure rods are fixedly connected with the two heightening strips respectively, each upper pressure rod is arranged in parallel at intervals, so that a spacing cavity is formed between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate, the upper layer plate is arranged in the spacing cavity between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate in a left-right sliding mode, the lower surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the upper surface of the lower layer plate in a sealing extrusion left-right sliding mode, and the upper surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the lower surface of each upper pressure rod in an extrusion sliding mode; the cylinder seat of the second cylinder is fixedly arranged on the heightening strip positioned on the left side of the upper plate, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is arranged towards the right, the telescopic rod 16 of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pushed by the telescopic rod of the second cylinder to move left and right on the upper surface of the lower plate; a plurality of holes 30 are distributed on the upper surface of the lower plate in a row-column manner, a plurality of holes 28 are also distributed on the upper surface of the upper plate in a row-column manner, and the pore size of the holes on the upper plate is equal to the pore size of the holes on the lower plate; the hole center line of the hole on the upper plate and the hole center line of the hole on the lower plate are arranged in a one-to-one up-and-down opposite mode;
an upper baffle plate 26 is arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper pressure rod, and the edge of the upper baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe in a sealing way; a vertical rod passing hole 25 is formed in the middle of the upper partition plate;
a third cylinder 23 with a telescopic rod vertically arranged downwards is fixedly arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper partition plate, a telescopic rod 22 of the third cylinder is hermetically arranged in a vertical rod passing hole in a vertical sliding mode up and down, the lower end of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder is fixedly connected to an upper pressing rod of the particle filtering mechanism, and the particle filtering mechanism can move up and down in the first vertical pipe below the upper partition plate under the driving of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder;
a first flue gas outlet 21 is formed in the left pipe wall of a first vertical pipe positioned below the upper partition plate; two ends of a third flue gas communicating pipe 32 provided with a third valve 19 are respectively connected with the first flue gas outlet and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purifying device in a butt joint manner; a limiting block 18 capable of limiting the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards continuously is arranged on the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe below the first smoke outlet;
the control end of the first air cylinder, the control end of the second air cylinder, the control end of the third air cylinder, the control end of the first valve, the control end of the second valve, the control end of the third valve, the control end of the smoke extractor and the memory are respectively connected with the controller.
Method for operating a flue gas cleaning system for a boiler, said method being implemented as follows:
under the control of the controller,
at the start of the process, the temperature of the process,
s1, closing all the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s2, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down; as shown in fig. 1;
s3, moving the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism to the upper orifice of the first smoke inlet by means of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; as shown in fig. 1;
s4, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated; as shown in fig. 2;
s5, pressing the right end face of the lower partition board tightly and closely to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, and forming a closed pipe cavity 52 between the lower layer board and the lower partition board; see fig. 2, 3;
s6, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s7, starting a smoke extractor, enabling smoke in the boiler to sequentially pass through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe to be sucked into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate by the smoke extractor, enabling a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder to contract upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards, enabling the volume of a sealed pipe cavity to be increased after the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards, and enabling more smoke to enter the sealed pipe cavity after the volume of the sealed pipe cavity is increased; as shown in fig. 3;
s8, when the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards to the position of the limiting block, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are all closed; as shown in fig. 3;
s9, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and forming first filtering holes meeting the first filtering requirement after the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate are staggered; see fig. 4, 22;
s10, moving the particle filtering mechanism downwards by means of a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder, and pressing large particles in the smoke on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block; as shown in fig. 5;
s11, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated; as shown in fig. 6;
s12, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole;
s13, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe; as shown in fig. 7;
s14, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag; see fig. 7, 8, 9;
s15, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder;
s16, finishing the first solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s17, moving the upper plate to the left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down; see fig. 10, 20;
s18, then, the telescopic rod of the third cylinder contracts upwards to enable the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to the position of the limiting block; as shown in fig. 11;
s19, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to enable holes in the upper plate and holes in the lower plate to be staggered with each other to form second filtering holes meeting second filtering requirements; the diameter of the second filtering hole is smaller than that of the first filtering hole; as shown in fig. 12;
s20, then, the particle filtering mechanism moves downwards by virtue of the telescopic rod of the third air cylinder, and large particles 50 in the flue gas 49 are pressed on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block 51; as shown in fig. 13;
s21, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated; see fig. 14, 21;
s22, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole; as shown in fig. 14;
s23, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe; as shown in fig. 15;
s24, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag; see fig. 15, fig. 16;
s25, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder; as shown in fig. 17;
s26, finishing the second solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s27, circulating in such a way, the solid smoke separation of the smoke for a plurality of times can be realized, and the particle diameter of the next separation is smaller than that of the previous separation;
s28, when the smoke is subjected to solid smoke separation for a plurality of times, the particle content in the smoke is reduced; then, the lower surface of a lower layer plate of the particle filtering mechanism is moved to an upper hole position of the first smoke inlet hole by virtue of a telescopic rod of a third cylinder; as shown in fig. 17;
s29, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated; as shown in fig. 17;
s30, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s31, starting a smoke extractor, pumping smoke in the boiler into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate through the smoke extractor sequentially through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe, and stopping the smoke extractor after a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder contracts upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to a limiting block; see fig. 18, 19;
s32, sending the filtered smoke above the particle filtering mechanism into a smoke purifying device through a third smoke communicating pipe, and continuously performing smoke purifying treatment on the part of the filtered smoke by the smoke purifying device;
s33, new unfiltered flue gas in the boiler enters the vertical pipe below the particle filtering mechanism;
s34, closing the valve III, and closing the valve I and the valve II at the same time;
s35, then, the smoke newly entering the first vertical pipe can be subjected to solid-smoke separation, the solid-smoke separation is carried out on the smoke in the boiler, and then the smoke after the solid-smoke separation is sent to a smoke purification device for smoke purification treatment.
The differences between example 2 and example 1 are as follows:
a first groove 36 is formed in the left inner side wall of a first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, a first signal lamp 37 is arranged in the first groove, and a first transparent glass sheet 38, the outer surface of which is in the same vertical plane with the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe, is hermetically arranged in a notch of the first groove which is located on the outer side of the first signal lamp; a second groove 41 is formed in the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe, and the first groove and the second groove are horizontally arranged right and left; a first photoelectric sensor 42 is arranged in the second groove, and a second transparent glass sheet 43, the outer surface of which is in the same vertical plane with the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical tube, is hermetically arranged in a notch of the second groove positioned at the outer side of the first photoelectric sensor; when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the limiting block, the first groove and the second groove are positioned below the particle filtering mechanism, and when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the first smoke inlet, the first groove and the second groove are positioned above the particle filtering mechanism; the control end of a signal lamp and the photoelectric sensor are respectively connected with the controller.
A third groove 39 is formed in the left inner side wall of the first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, an air pressure detection sensor 40 connected with the controller is arranged in the third groove, and an air pressure detection surface of the air pressure detection sensor and the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe are in the same vertical plane; and when the particle filtering mechanism is located at the limiting block, the air pressure detection sensor is located below the particle filtering mechanism, and when the particle filtering mechanism is located at the first smoke inlet, the air pressure detection sensor is located above the particle filtering mechanism.
A rotating ring 47 driven by a rotating shaft 46 of a first motor 45 to rotate is horizontally and rotatably sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the first vertical pipe at the lower pipe opening of the first vertical pipe, and a base 44 of the first motor is fixed on the outer pipe wall of the first vertical pipe above the rotating ring; one end of one ash scraping sheet 48 is bent upwards and then fixedly connected to the rotating ring, and the ash scraping section of the ash scraping sheet is arranged in parallel with the lower surface of the lower laminate; the lower surface of the lower plate is a plane which is horizontally arranged; the control end of the first motor is connected with the controller.
A sliding cover 35 is arranged in the first vertical pipe above the third cylinder in a sliding manner in an up-and-down sealing manner.
The bag mouth of the dust collecting bag is tightly sleeved on the outer surface of a first vertical pipe above a first motor.
This embodiment comes out the back at the flue gas from the boiler, carries out solid cigarette separation to the flue gas earlier, then will carry out the flue gas after solid cigarette separation and send into to go to carry out gas cleaning in the gas cleaning device to the degree of solid cigarette separation can free control, good reliability.
The light 53 emitted by the first lamp can be detected by the first photoelectric sensor, if the first photoelectric sensor obtains a stronger light signal, the content of particles in the smoke is low, otherwise, the content of particles in the smoke is high.
The gas pressure detection sensor can detect the density of smoke in the first vertical pipe, the density of the smoke is high, the quantity of particles in a unit volume is high, the density of the smoke is low, and the quantity of the particles in the unit volume is low.
The dust scraping sheet easily scrapes off the particle compression block on the lower surface of the lower plate, and prevents the holes on the lower plate from being blocked.
Having had the sliding cover just can prevent that the flue gas from the vertical pole hole of crossing on the last baffle from entering into the flue gas that is located a vertical intraductal vertical outside of tubes of last baffle top again by discharging two influence environments outside a vertical pipe, consequently set up a sliding cover and just can stop the flue gas in a vertical pipe and discharged, good reliability.
In the implementation of the operating method of example 1.
A light intensity signal sent by a signal lamp is detected through a photoelectric sensor. If the photoelectric sensor detects that the light intensity signal value sent by a lamp is above a set value, the smoke contains less particles, and the smoke is allowed to be sent into the smoke purification device; if the light intensity signal value sent by the first light detected by the photoelectric sensor is smaller than the set value, the situation that the smoke contains more particles and shields the light is indicated, and the solid smoke separation is required to be carried out continuously until the light intensity signal value sent by the first light detected by the photoelectric sensor is smaller than the set value.
The particle density per unit space is influenced by the pressure of the air. The air pressure is small, which indicates that the space is relatively large, the same amount of particles are distributed in a container with the relatively large space, the space between the particles is large, and the light intensity signal of the same size emitted by a lamp is strong and is detected by a photoelectric sensor. Conversely, if the gas pressure is high, it means that the space is relatively small, and the same number of particles are distributed in a container with a relatively large space, the space between the particles is small, and the light intensity signal detected by the photoelectric sensor is the same as the light intensity signal emitted by the lamp. Therefore, whether particles in the flue gas in the first vertical pipe exceed the standard or not can be obtained through the cooperation of the first photoelectric sensor, the first lamp and the air pressure detection sensor, and if the particles exceed the standard, solid flue gas separation is continuously carried out until the requirement of sending the flue gas into the flue gas purification device is met.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the implementation is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (1)

1. The flue gas purification system for the boiler comprises the boiler and a flue gas purification device, and is characterized by also comprising a first vertical pipe, a smoke extractor, a storage and a controller, wherein the cross section of the first vertical pipe is rectangular; a left support is arranged on the outer pipe wall on the left side of the first vertical pipe, and a first air cylinder with a telescopic rod arranged towards the right is arranged on the left support;
a first flue gas inlet communicated with a pipe cavity of the first vertical pipe is formed in the lower end of the left pipe wall of the first vertical pipe; two ends of a first smoke communicating pipe provided with a first valve are respectively connected to a smoke inlet of a smoke extractor and a smoke outlet of a boiler in a butt joint mode, and two ends of a second smoke communicating pipe provided with a second valve are respectively connected to a smoke outlet of the smoke extractor and a first smoke inlet of a first vertical pipe in a butt joint mode;
a dust collecting bag is detachably connected to the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
a lower partition hole communicated with a pipe cavity of the first vertical pipe is formed in the left pipe wall of the first vertical pipe below the first flue gas inlet hole;
a lower partition plate is arranged in the lower partition hole in a sealed left-right sliding manner, and the left end of the lower partition plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod of the first air cylinder; the lower partition plate can seal and separate the tube cavity of the first vertical tube up and down under the control of the left-right expansion and contraction of the expansion link of the first air cylinder;
a particle filtering mechanism is hermetically and vertically arranged in the first vertical pipe in a sliding manner, and comprises a lower layer plate, two heightening strips, a plurality of upper pressure rods, an upper layer plate and a second cylinder; two ends of the two heightening strips are longitudinally and fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the upper surface of the lower layer plate respectively, two ends of a plurality of upper pressure rods are fixedly connected with the two heightening strips respectively, each upper pressure rod is arranged in parallel at intervals, so that a spacing cavity is formed between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate, the upper layer plate is arranged in the spacing cavity between each upper pressure rod and the lower layer plate in a left-right sliding mode, the lower surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the upper surface of the lower layer plate in a sealing extrusion left-right sliding mode, and the upper surface of the upper layer plate is connected with the lower surface of each upper pressure rod in an extrusion sliding mode; the cylinder seat of the second cylinder is fixedly arranged on the heightening strip positioned on the left side of the upper plate, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is arranged towards the right, the telescopic rod of the second cylinder is fixedly connected to the left side surface of the upper plate, and the upper plate can be pushed by the telescopic rod of the second cylinder to move left and right on the upper surface of the lower plate; a plurality of holes are distributed on the upper surface of the lower plate in a row-column manner, a plurality of holes are also distributed on the upper surface of the upper plate in a row-column manner, and the pore diameter of the hole on the upper plate is equal to the pore diameter of the hole on the lower plate; the hole center line of the hole on the upper plate and the hole center line of the hole on the lower plate are arranged in a one-to-one up-and-down opposite mode;
an upper baffle plate is arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper pressure rod, and the edge of the upper baffle plate is fixedly connected to the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe in a sealing manner; a vertical rod passing hole is formed in the middle of the upper partition plate;
a third cylinder with a telescopic rod vertically arranged downwards is fixedly arranged in the first vertical pipe above the upper partition plate, the telescopic rod of the third cylinder is hermetically and vertically arranged in a vertical rod passing hole in a sliding manner, the lower end of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder is fixedly connected to an upper pressure rod of the particle filtering mechanism, and the particle filtering mechanism can move up and down in the first vertical pipe below the upper partition plate under the driving of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder;
a first flue gas outlet is formed in the left side pipe wall of a first vertical pipe positioned below the upper partition plate; two ends of a third flue gas communicating pipe provided with a third valve are respectively connected with the first flue gas outlet and the flue gas inlet of the flue gas purifying device in a butt joint manner; a limiting block capable of limiting the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards continuously is arranged on the inner pipe wall of the first vertical pipe below the first smoke outlet;
the control end of the first cylinder, the control end of the second cylinder, the control end of the third cylinder, the control end of the first valve, the control end of the second valve, the control end of the third valve, the control end of the smoke extractor and the memory are respectively connected with the controller;
the light energy emitted by the first lamp is transmitted to the first photoelectric sensor, if the first photoelectric sensor sees a stronger light signal, the content of particles in the smoke is low, otherwise, the content of particles in the smoke is high;
detecting a light intensity signal sent by a signal lamp through a first photoelectric sensor; if the photoelectric sensor detects that the light intensity signal value sent by a lamp is above a set value, the smoke contains less particles, and the smoke is allowed to be sent into the smoke purification device; if the light intensity signal value sent by the first light and detected by the photoelectric sensor is smaller than the set value, the smoke contains more particles and blocks the light, and the solid smoke separation is required to be carried out continuously until the light intensity signal value sent by the first light and detected by the photoelectric sensor is smaller than the set value;
the particle density in a unit space is influenced by the air pressure; the air pressure is small, which indicates that the space is relatively large, the same number of particles are distributed in a container with the relatively large space, the interval between the particles is large, and the light intensity signal of the light emitted by a lamp with the same size and detected by a photoelectric sensor is strong; on the contrary, the air pressure is high, which indicates that the relative space is small, the same number of particles are distributed in a container with the relative space being large, the intervals among the particles are small, and the light intensity signal of the light with the same size emitted by a signal lamp is detected by a photoelectric sensor is only if the light intensity signal is detected; therefore, whether the particles in the flue gas in the first vertical pipe exceed the standard or not can be obtained through the cooperation of the first photoelectric sensor, the first lamp and the air pressure detection sensor, and if the particles exceed the standard, the solid flue gas separation is continuously carried out until the flue gas feeding requirement sent to the flue gas purification device is met;
a first groove is formed in the left inner side wall of a first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, a first signal lamp is arranged in the first groove, and a first transparent glass sheet of which the outer surface and the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe are in the same vertical plane is hermetically arranged in a notch of the first groove which is located on the outer side of the first signal lamp; a second groove is formed in the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe, and the first groove and the second groove are horizontally arranged right and left; a first photoelectric sensor is arranged in the second groove, and a second transparent glass sheet with the outer surface in the same vertical plane as the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical tube is hermetically arranged in a notch of the second groove positioned outside the first photoelectric sensor; when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the limiting block, the first groove and the second groove are positioned below the particle filtering mechanism, and when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the first smoke inlet, the first groove and the second groove are positioned above the particle filtering mechanism; the control end of the first signal lamp and the first photoelectric sensor are respectively connected with the controller;
a third groove is formed in the left inner side wall of the first vertical pipe which is located below the limiting block and above the first smoke inlet, an air pressure detection sensor connected with the controller is arranged in the third groove, and an air pressure detection surface of the air pressure detection sensor and the left inner side wall surface of the first vertical pipe are in the same vertical plane; when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the position of the limiting block, the air pressure detection sensor is positioned below the particle filtering mechanism at the moment, and when the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the first smoke inlet, the air pressure detection sensor is positioned above the particle filtering mechanism at the moment;
the air pressure detection sensor can detect the smoke density in the first vertical pipe, the smoke density is high, the smoke density indicates that the amount of particles in a unit volume is high, the smoke density is low, and the smoke density indicates that the amount of particles in the unit volume is low;
the bag opening of the dust collecting bag is tightly sleeved and connected on the outer surface of a first vertical pipe positioned above a first motor;
the operation method of the flue gas purification system for the boiler is realized by the following steps:
under the control of the controller,
at the start of the process, the temperature of the process,
s1, closing all the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s2, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down;
s3, moving the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism to the upper orifice of the first smoke inlet by means of the telescopic rod of the third cylinder;
s4, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s5, pressing the right end face of the lower partition plate tightly and closely to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, and forming a closed pipe cavity between the lower plate and the lower partition plate;
s6, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s7, starting a smoke extractor, enabling smoke in the boiler to sequentially pass through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe to be sucked into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate by the smoke extractor, enabling a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder to contract upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards, enabling the volume of a sealed pipe cavity to be increased after the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards, and enabling more smoke to enter the sealed pipe cavity after the volume of the sealed pipe cavity is increased;
s8, when the particle filtering mechanism moves upwards to the position of the limiting block, the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are all closed;
s9, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and forming first filtering holes meeting the first filtering requirement after the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate are staggered;
s10, moving the particle filtering mechanism downwards by means of a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder, and pressing large particles in the smoke on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block;
s11, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s12, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole;
s13, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
s14, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag;
s15, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder;
s16, finishing the first solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s17, moving the upper plate to the left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder, and enabling the holes in the upper plate and the holes in the lower plate to be arranged opposite to each other up and down;
s18, then, the telescopic rod of the third cylinder contracts upwards to enable the particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to the position of the limiting block;
s19, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to enable holes in the upper plate and holes in the lower plate to be staggered with each other to form second filtering holes meeting second filtering requirements; the diameter of the second filtering hole is smaller than that of the first filtering hole;
s20, moving the particle filtering mechanism downwards by means of a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder, and pressing large particles in the smoke on the upper surface of the lower partition plate to form a particle compression block;
s21, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s22, moving the lower partition plate to the left by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder, enabling the right end of the lower partition plate to be located in the lower partition hole, and sealing and blocking the lower partition plate in the lower partition hole when the right end of the lower partition plate is located in the lower partition hole;
s23, after the lower partition plate is moved to the left, the particle compression block originally positioned on the upper surface of the lower partition plate falls into the dust collection bag from the lower pipe orifice of the first vertical pipe;
s24, after the left end of the lower partition plate moves into the lower partition hole, the lower surface of the lower plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at the upper orifice of the lower partition hole by the telescopic rod of the third cylinder; then, the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder drives the lower partition plate to move back and forth left, and the particle compression block adhered to the lower surface of the lower layer plate is scraped by the lower partition plate and then falls into the dust collection bag;
s25, after all the particle compression blocks fall into the dust collection bag, the right end face of the lower partition plate is tightly pressed and connected to the right inner side wall of the first vertical pipe by means of the telescopic rod of the first air cylinder;
s26, finishing the second solid-smoke separation of the smoke;
s27, circulating in such a way, the solid smoke separation of the smoke for a plurality of times can be realized, and the particle diameter of the next separation is smaller than that of the previous separation;
s28, when the smoke is subjected to solid smoke separation for a plurality of times, the particle content in the smoke is reduced; then, the lower surface of a lower layer plate of the particle filtering mechanism is positioned at an upper hole of the first smoke inlet by virtue of a telescopic rod of a third cylinder;
s29, moving the upper plate left and right by means of a telescopic rod of the second cylinder to make the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate completely staggered, and making the lower surface of the upper plate completely sealed and tightly covered on the upper orifice of the holes on the upper plate, so that the holes on the upper plate and the holes on the lower plate are not communicated;
s30, then opening the first valve, the second valve and the third valve;
s31, starting a smoke extractor, pumping smoke in the boiler into a sealed pipe cavity of a first vertical pipe between a lower layer plate and a lower partition plate through the smoke extractor sequentially through a first smoke communicating pipe and a second smoke communicating pipe, and stopping the smoke extractor after a telescopic rod of a third air cylinder contracts upwards to enable a particle filtering mechanism to move upwards to a limiting block;
s32, sending the filtered smoke above the particle filtering mechanism into a smoke purifying device through a third smoke communicating pipe, and continuously performing smoke purifying treatment on the part of the filtered smoke by the smoke purifying device;
s33, new unfiltered flue gas in the boiler enters the vertical pipe below the particle filtering mechanism;
s34, closing the valve III, and closing the valve I and the valve II at the same time;
s35, carrying out solid-smoke separation on the smoke newly entering the first vertical pipe, and repeating the steps in such a way, namely carrying out solid-smoke separation on the smoke in the boiler, and then sending the smoke subjected to solid-smoke separation into a smoke purification device for smoke purification treatment;
according to the operation method of the flue gas purification system of the boiler, after the flue gas comes out of the boiler, the flue gas is firstly subjected to solid-smoke separation, and then the flue gas subjected to solid-smoke separation is sent into the flue gas purification device for flue gas purification, so that the degree of solid-smoke separation can be freely controlled, and the reliability is good.
CN201911164687.1A 2019-11-25 2019-11-25 Flue gas purification system for boiler and operation method thereof Active CN110975448B (en)

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CN102951779B (en) * 2012-12-11 2014-03-19 张家港市华源染织有限公司 Dyeing sludge treatment device
CN104083956B (en) * 2014-07-29 2015-10-07 江苏宝华环保科技有限公司 Compression sack cleaner
CN204128883U (en) * 2014-09-15 2015-01-28 浙江省海洋水产研究所 A kind of solution concentrating instrument
CN206008482U (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-03-15 许昌森 Solution equipment is pressed in a kind of gas cleaning
CN206896927U (en) * 2017-06-05 2018-01-19 周俞成 A kind of chemical filtration device of adjustable filter opening size
CN108854423B (en) * 2018-07-09 2020-12-29 哈尔滨工业大学 Flue gas waste heat driven desulfurization, denitration and carbon capture coupled flue gas purification system and flue gas treatment method
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