CN110974189A - Method, device, equipment and system for detecting signal quality of pulse wave - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and system for detecting signal quality of pulse wave Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application relates to a method, a device, equipment and a system for detecting signal quality of pulse waves. The method for detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave comprises the following steps: acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period; carrying out difference operation on the pulse wave form, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave form slope; and detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter. The method for detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave can extract the first characteristic parameter which can represent the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the waveform of the discrete heart beat from the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period, and detect the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter, so that whether the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period is qualified or not can be judged by detecting whether the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform are qualified or not.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of pulse measurement, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a system for detecting signal quality of pulse waves.
Background
The pulse wave is formed by the propagation of the heart along the artery and the blood flow to the periphery, contains abundant cardiovascular information, and is widely applied to health monitoring and disease screening. During the acquisition process of the pulse wave signals, various interferences may be received, such as motion artifacts, power frequency interference, high-frequency noise pollution, baseline drift and the like. Although some signal processing methods can be used to reduce the influence of these interferences, how to evaluate the signal quality of the processed pulse wave is still a problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a system for detecting the signal quality of a pulse wave, which can detect whether the waveform of the pulse wave is qualified or not.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave, including:
acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
carrying out difference operation on the pulse wave form, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave form slope;
and detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
Optionally, performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
acquiring an amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal;
calculating the sum of high-frequency amplitude values and the sum of low-frequency amplitude values in the amplitude spectrum, wherein the high-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values larger than each frequency in set frequencies, and the low-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values smaller than each frequency in the set frequencies;
and acquiring a ratio of the sum of the high-frequency amplitude values to the sum of the low-frequency amplitude values as a first characteristic parameter.
Optionally, performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the appointed interval of the pulse wave waveform as the first characteristic parameter.
Optionally, the method further includes:
and selecting a designated interval in the pulse wave waveform according to a preset sampling point sequence number.
Optionally, after obtaining the pulse wave waveform of the heartbeat in one period, the method further includes:
and carrying out linear interpolation on the pulse waveform, and sampling N points at equal intervals on the pulse waveform after interpolation to obtain the pulse waveform after resampling.
Optionally, after obtaining the resampled pulse wave waveform, the method further includes:
acquiring a first amplitude value of each sampling point in the resampled pulse wave waveform;
acquiring a second amplitude value corresponding to each sampling point of a baseline connecting the start point and the end point of the resampled pulse wave waveform;
and subtracting the second amplitude of each sampling point from the first amplitude of each sampling point to obtain the pulse wave waveform after baseline calibration.
Optionally, the method further includes:
detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter, comprising:
judging whether the first characteristic parameter is within a preset threshold range;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and inputting the first characteristic parameter into a classification model trained in advance, and judging whether the signal quality of the pulse wave is qualified or not according to an output result of the classification model.
Optionally, performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the energy of the first-order difference signal and/or the entropy of the first-order difference signal as a first characteristic parameter of the discrete heartbeat waveform.
Optionally, performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the number of sampling points with the amplitude value larger than a set threshold value in the second-order difference signal in the pulse wave waveform designated interval, and/or acquiring the energy of the second-order difference in the pulse wave waveform designated interval as the first characteristic parameter.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave, including:
the waveform acquisition module is used for acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
the characteristic parameter extraction module is used for carrying out differential operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a differential operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform slope;
and the detection module is used for detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a signal quality detection apparatus for pulse waves, including a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing one or more programs;
when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for detecting signal quality of pulse waves according to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a pulse wave detection system, including a pulse wave detection device and a pulse wave signal quality detection apparatus according to the third aspect of the present application, wherein the pulse wave detection device is configured to detect a pulse wave signal of a subject and output a pulse wave waveform to the pulse wave signal quality detection apparatus.
In the embodiment of the application, the first characteristic parameter capable of representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the discrete heart beat waveform is extracted from the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period, and the signal quality of the pulse wave is detected according to the first characteristic parameter, so that whether the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period is qualified or not can be judged by detecting whether the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform are qualified or not.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a signal quality detection method for a pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present application, shown in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart illustrating a method for signal quality detection of pulse waves according to an embodiment of the present application in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pulse waveform in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of extracting a first feature parameter from a first order difference signal in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a spectral diagram illustrating the extraction of a first feature parameter from a first order difference signal in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of extracting a first feature parameter from a second order difference signal in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of extracting a first feature parameter from a second order difference signal in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an equal sampling point sampling of a waveform in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment for sampling a waveform at equal sampling points;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal quality detection apparatus for a pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present application, shown in an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, shown in an exemplary embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the embodiments in the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the embodiments of the present application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as detailed in the appended claims. In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence, nor are they to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Further, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present application in an exemplary embodiment, in the application scenario of fig. 1, a pulse wave detection apparatus 101 is communicatively connected to a pulse wave signal quality detection device 102, the pulse wave detection apparatus 101 is configured to detect a pulse wave signal of a user, and may specifically be any device capable of detecting a pulse of the user, such as a detection instrument, a sports bracelet, and the like, the signal quality detection device is configured to detect signal quality of the pulse wave signal of the user detected by the pulse wave detection apparatus 101, the pulse wave signal quality detection device 102 may specifically be a computer device or a dedicated pulse detection analysis device, the pulse wave detection apparatus 101 detects a pulse wave signal of a subject, and outputs a pulse wave waveform to the pulse wave signal quality detection device 102, the communication connection between the pulse wave detection device 101 and the pulse wave signal quality detection apparatus 102 may be a wired connection or a wireless connection. In another embodiment of the present application, the pulse wave detecting device 101 and the pulse wave signal quality detecting apparatus 102 may be an integrated device, such as a medical detecting apparatus including a pulse wave detecting module and a pulse wave signal quality detecting module, the pulse wave detecting module of the medical detecting apparatus may detect a pulse wave signal of a user, and send the pulse wave signal to the pulse wave signal quality detecting module through an internal connection line, so as to detect the quality of the detected pulse wave signal.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application discloses a method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave, which is performed by a device for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave, and includes the following steps:
s201: acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
the pulse wave signals are periodic signals, and the embodiment of the application performs quality detection on the pulse wave waveforms in one or more periods. As shown in fig. 3, the waveform of the heart beat pulse wave in one period generally includes an ascending segment and a descending segment according to the ejection of blood from the heart and the propagation process of blood in the blood vessel, and the interval between the starting point of the ascending segment and the ending point of the descending segment is the waveform of the heart beat pulse wave in one period.
According to the embodiment of the application, after the pulse wave signals are received, the start point and the end point of each heart beat are obtained through heart beat detection, the waveform of each heart beat at the corresponding position is intercepted from the input pulse wave signals, and therefore the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period is obtained. The method for detecting the heartbeat can be an extreme value method, namely, the lowest points of two adjacent periods are detected as the starting point and the end point of the heartbeat. In other examples, the method of cardiac beat detection may also be a method based on synchronized cardiac electrical signals, a method based on wavelet decomposition, and so on.
S202: carrying out difference operation on the pulse wave form, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave form slope;
the differential operation on the pulse wave waveform can be a first-order differential operation, a second-order differential operation or a higher-order differential operation on the pulse wave waveform, and the differential operation result is a differential signal of the pulse wave waveform. The first-order difference signal is the difference between the amplitudes of two consecutive adjacent sampling points in the discrete function, the value of each point of the curve of the first-order difference signal directly reflects the rising state or the falling state of the pulse wave waveform and the change speed of the pulse wave waveform, for example, if the value of the first-order difference signal is positive, the position of the pulse wave waveform at the sampling point is in the rising state, if the value of the first-order difference signal is negative, the position of the pulse wave waveform at the sampling point is in the falling state, and if the first-order difference signal passes through a zero point, the position of the pulse wave at the zero crossing point contains an extreme point. The second-order difference signal is the difference between the first-order difference signals of two continuous adjacent sampling points in the discrete function, and the value of each point of the curve of the second-order difference signal directly reflects that the slope of the pulse wave waveform is in a rising state or a falling state at the sampling point and the change speed of the slope of the pulse wave waveform.
However, the value of a single point of the first-order difference signal or the second-order difference signal and the higher-order difference signal obtained by the difference operation cannot comprehensively reflect the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave slope, so that the first characteristic parameter capable of representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave slope is extracted by performing mathematical operation on the difference signal of the pulse wave waveform in the embodiment of the present application.
S203: and detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
The qualified pulse wave waveform curve is generally smooth, the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the waveform curve are small, however, in the acquisition process of the pulse wave signal, various interferences may be received, such as motion artifacts, power frequency interference, high-frequency noise pollution and the like, which may cause local or global disturbances in the pulse wave, and therefore, if the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the pulse wave waveform represented by the first characteristic parameter are not qualified, the signal quality of the pulse wave is not qualified.
In some examples, the detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first feature parameter may be determining whether the first feature parameter is within a set threshold, or inputting the first feature parameter into a classification model, and determining whether the first feature parameter is qualified by the classification model.
In the embodiment of the application, the first characteristic parameter capable of representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the discrete heart beat waveform is extracted from the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period, and the signal quality of the pulse wave is detected according to the first characteristic parameter, so that whether the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period is qualified or not can be judged by detecting whether the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform are qualified or not.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the differential operation is performed on the pulse wave waveform, and the first feature parameter is extracted according to a differential operation result, specifically including the following steps:
s401: acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
s402: acquiring an amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal;
s403: calculating the sum of high-frequency amplitude values and the sum of low-frequency amplitude values in the amplitude spectrum, wherein the high-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values larger than each frequency in set frequencies, and the low-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values smaller than each frequency in the set frequencies;
s404: and acquiring a ratio of the sum of the high-frequency amplitude values to the sum of the low-frequency amplitude values as a first characteristic parameter.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a graph of a first order difference of a pulse wave waveform and a graph of a first order difference signal, where the graph of the first order difference signal is a graph in which the amplitude of each component is plotted on a coordinate by a vertical line in a rectangular coordinate system with the frequency of the first order difference signal as a horizontal axis and the amplitude of the first order difference signal as a vertical axis, where the amplitude of the frequency can be expressed as the power of the frequency, and the ratio between the sum of the high frequency amplitudes and the sum of the low frequency amplitudes can be expressed as the power ratio between the power of the high frequency part frequency and the power of the low frequency part frequency.
In this embodiment, the ratio of the high-frequency part in each frequency point is calculated by obtaining the amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal of the pulse waveform and the distribution of the power of the first-order difference signal in each frequency point. In the amplitude spectrum, the power of the first-order difference signal may be used to represent the frequency of the slope of the pulse wave waveform, and then the power ratio between the power of the high-frequency portion frequency and the power of the low-frequency portion frequency of the first-order difference signal calculated in the embodiment of the present application may be used to represent the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform, where a higher power ratio of the high-frequency portion frequency means that the greater the change frequency and the amplitude of the slope of the pulse wave waveform, the smoother the waveform.
In the embodiment, by obtaining the amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform and obtaining the ratio between the sum of the high-frequency amplitude and the sum of the low-frequency amplitude in the amplitude spectrum to be used as the first characteristic parameter of the characteristic parameters representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the pulse wave waveform, the calculation method is simple, and the change frequency and the change amplitude of the whole pulse wave waveform in one period can be accurately and comprehensively reflected.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the differential operation is performed on the pulse wave waveform, and the first feature parameter is extracted according to a differential operation result, specifically including the following steps:
s601: acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
s602: and acquiring the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the appointed interval of the pulse wave waveform as the first characteristic parameter.
In the embodiment of the present application, the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second order difference signals in the specified range is obtained as the first characteristic parameter, and the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second order difference signals of the pulse waveform may also be represented as an area formed between the amplitude of the second order difference of the pulse waveform and the abscissa axis.
The second-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform reflects the change speed of the pulse wave waveform, the larger the absolute amplitude of the second-order difference signal is, the faster the increase or decrease speed of the slope of the pulse wave waveform is, that is, the faster the rising speed and the falling speed of the pulse wave waveform are, and the waveform in some intervals in the pulse wave waveform is generally influenced by interference to a greater extent, so that, for the waveform interval influenced by interference to a greater extent, the cumulative sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signal in the specified interval of the pulse wave waveform is taken as the first characteristic parameter, and the smoothness of the pulse wave waveform in the specified interval can be evaluated more accurately.
As shown in fig. 7, the waveform of the pulse wave signal in one cycle sequentially includes a main wave 1, a tidal wave 2, a descending isthmus 3, and a dicrotic wave 4, where the peak from the start of the pulse wave to the main wave 1 is an ascending branch, and the peak from the main wave 1 is a descending branch to the end of the pulse wave. The pulse wave is generally used for characterizing whether the heart aorta is normal, and experiments show that the waveform of the falling edge of the pulse wave waveform after the pulse wave is subjected to the disturbance generally to be greatly influenced, so that the specified interval can be the falling edge of the waveform after the pulse wave in some examples. The area of the waveform second-order difference specific interval can reflect the waveform slope fluctuation condition of the interval, and the larger the area is, the larger the slope fluctuation is, and the smoother the waveform is.
In a preferred example, since the sampling period of the pulse wave waveform is known, the specified interval in the pulse wave waveform can be conveniently selected by the serial number of the pulse wave waveform sampling points, so that the starting point and the end point of the falling edge of the repeating wave in each pulse wave period do not need to be detected by other means.
In some examples, due to the influence of interference, the sampling time of the pulse wave waveform in each period may be deviated, that is, the number of sampling points of the pulse wave waveform in each period may be deviated, and different pulse wave sampling devices have different sampling periods, and when the start point and the end point of the falling edge of the dicrotic wave are determined by the serial numbers of the sampling points of the pulse wave waveform, a certain error may be caused.
To solve this problem, as shown in fig. 8, in an embodiment, after the pulse waveform of the heart beat in one period is obtained in step S10, a linear interpolation is further performed on the pulse waveform composed of discrete points to form a continuous pulse waveform, N points are sampled at equal intervals on the continuous pulse waveform after the interpolation, and the discrete heart beat waveform including the same number of sampling points is obtained, so that the sampling time error between different periods is overcome, and when a specified interval in the pulse waveform is selected according to the serial numbers of the sampling points of the pulse waveform, the method can be more accurate.
In the pulse wave measurement, due to the error effect of the detection device, the amplitude of the pulse wave in one period may drift, and in an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, after the discrete heartbeat waveform is acquired, the method further includes the step of calibrating the pulse wave baseline:
s901: acquiring a first amplitude value of each sampling point in the resampled pulse wave waveform;
s902: acquiring a second amplitude value corresponding to each sampling point of a baseline connecting the start point and the end point of the resampled pulse wave waveform;
s903: and subtracting the second amplitude of each sampling point from the first amplitude of each sampling point to obtain the pulse wave waveform after baseline calibration.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application not only detects whether the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform slope are qualified through the first characteristic parameter, but also comprises a pretreatment step of the heart beat and detection of other characteristics of the heart beat, and the technical scheme of the pulse wave signal quality detection method is described below by using a specific example, and comprises three main steps of heart beat detection and pretreatment, characteristic extraction and signal quality detection, which are specifically as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and (4) detecting and preprocessing the heart beat.
The purpose of heart beat detection is to obtain the starting point i of the pulse wave waveform of each heart beat in the input pulse wave signalstartAnd end point iend. The method has the advantages that the principle is simple, the calculation speed is high, and the detection can be realized only by a single pulse wave signal.
The pulse wave waveform is preprocessed according to the heart beat detection result, so that subsequent feature extraction is facilitated. The preprocessing can be divided into four substeps of heart beat segmentation, sampling point standardization, baseline removal and amplitude standardization.
1. And (5) heart beat cutting. According to the starting point and the end point of each heart beat obtained by heart beat detection, the waveform P of each heart beat at the corresponding position is intercepted from the input signalraw。
2. The number of sampling points is normalized. Setting the number N of sampling points of the standardized heartbeat (for example, N is 128), and then, for PrawLinear interpolation is carried out on each heart beat waveform, and then N points are sampled at equal intervals in the waveform after interpolation to be used as the processed heart beat waveform PresampledTherefore, each pulse wave waveform comprises the same sampling point number, and each pulse wave waveform is analyzed according to the sampling points, so that the time error caused in sampling can be overcome.
3. And (6) removing the baseline. To PresampledConnecting the start point and the end point of each heart beat by a straight line, wherein the straight line is the baseline of the heart beat, and subtracting the baseline from the waveform of the heart beat to obtain the processed heart beat waveform P which overcomes the baseline drift caused by samplingdebaseline。
4. The amplitude is normalized. Setting the amplitude M (e.g. M equals 1) of the normalized heartbeat for PdebaselineDividing the waveform of each heart beat by the maximum value of the waveform of the heart beat, and multiplying the maximum value by M to obtain a processed heart beat waveform Prescaled。
Step two: and (5) feature extraction.
The purpose of feature extraction is to extract the features of each heartbeat, and describe various states of the pulse wave waveform according to the features of each heartbeat so as to facilitate the pulse wave signal quality detection. The characteristics of the pulse wave waveform extracted in the embodiment of the application are as follows: the heartbeat time, the absolute amplitude, the baseline drift amplitude ratio, the relative amplitude of a specific position, the zero crossing rate of a specific interval of the first-order difference of the waveform, the power ratio of the first-order difference of the waveform and the area of the specific interval of the second-order difference of the waveform. The feature extraction methods are as follows:
1. the heartbeat duration T.
T＝(iend-istart)/fs
Wherein is fsThe sampling frequency. The qualified heart beat duration is usually between 0.2s and 2s, and if the heart beat duration T is not in the interval, the pulse wave waveform can be considered to be unqualified.
2. The absolute amplitude a.
A＝max(Praw)-min(Praw)
The normal range of absolute amplitude of the pulse waveform can be obtained from the hardware device that collects the signal.
3. Base line drift amplitude ratio Abr。
The baseline shift amplitude ratio reflects the interference degree of the baseline shift to the pulse wave signal, AbrThe larger the interference level. The embodiment of the application can adopt 0.5 as the threshold value if AbrIf the threshold value is exceeded, the pulse waveform can be considered to be disqualified.
4. Relative amplitude Ar of specific positioni。
Ari＝Prescaled[i]/M
The relative amplitude of a specific location reflects the overall trend of the pulse wave waveform, such as when
Then, more than 99% of Ar is countediLess than 0.6.
5. The waveform first order difference is the zero crossing rate Z of a specific interval.
Firstly, a first-order difference P of the waveform is obtaineddiff：
Pdiff[j]＝Prescaled[j]-Prescaled[j-1],j＝2,3,4,...,N
Then according to the set starting point coordinate i of the specific intervalcut_startAnd the end point coordinate icut_endAcquiring a first-order difference waveform x and an interval length N in a specific intervalx：
x＝Pdiff[icut_start:icut_end]
Nx＝icut_end-icut_start
Then calculating the zero crossing rate Z of the waveform first-order difference specific interval:
where sgn () is a sign function, i.e.:
the zero crossing rate of the waveform first-order difference specific interval directly describes the number of waveform extreme points in the interval and indirectly reflects the smoothness of the waveform in the interval. For the pulse wave with better signal quality, the single-beat zero-crossing rate is more than 1/N and less than 4/N, namely, at least one wave peak is provided, and at most four wave peaks are provided, if the overall zero-crossing rate of the pulse wave waveform or the zero-crossing rate of a specific interval is too high, the pulse wave waveform can be considered to be unqualified.
6. Power ratio F of waveform first order differencerI.e. the ratio between the sum of the high frequency amplitudes and the sum of the low frequency amplitudes in the first order difference amplitude spectrum of the waveform.
Firstly, a first-order difference P of the waveform is obtaineddiff：
Pdiff[j]＝Prescaled[j]-Prescaled[j-1],j＝2,3,4,...,N
Then, calculate PdiffAmplitude spectrum F (length n points):
F＝|FFT(Pdiff)|
then, the set frequency boundary i is obtainedcutPower ratio F of both sidesr：
The power ratio of the first-order difference of the waveform reflects the frequency distribution of the integral waveform slope, and the larger the ratio of the high-frequency part power is, the larger the change frequency and amplitude of the waveform slope are, and the smoother the waveform is. The frequency dividing line dividing the high/low frequency part of the amplitude spectrum can be adjusted according to actual requirements.
In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 5, the frequency dividing line may be
Under ideal conditions, the zero crossing point of the waveform first-order difference in each heart beat is not more thanOver 4 (i.e. there are at most 4 peaks in the original waveform). For pulse waves with good signal quality, there are statistically 99% FrLess than 0.25.
7. And the area S of the specific interval of the waveform second-order difference is the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the specified range.
Firstly, the second order difference P of the waveform is obtaineddiff2：
Pdiff2[j]＝Prescaled[j]-2Prescaled[j-1]+Prescaled[j-2],j＝3,4,5,...,N
Then according to the set starting point coordinate i of the specific intervalcut_startAnd the end point coordinate icut_endAcquiring a second-order difference waveform y in a specific interval:
y＝Pdiff2[icut_start:icut_end]
Ny＝icut_end-icut_start
then, the area S of the waveform second-order difference specific interval is obtained:
the area of the waveform second-order difference specific interval can reflect the waveform slope fluctuation condition of the interval, and the larger the area is, the larger the slope fluctuation is, and the smoother the waveform is. The falling edge extraction S after the dicrotic wave is preferably selected by the embodiment of the application to describe the smoothness degree of the waveform in the falling process. The threshold of this feature may be adjusted according to the selected interval length and normalization, and in a preferred example, when N is 128 and M is 1, i is selectedcut_start＝75，icut_end126, the threshold selected is S<0.15. Since statistically more than 99% of the normal heartbeats have S in this range.
And step three, detecting the signal quality.
The step detects the signal quality of the pulse wave by using the extracted features. In the embodiment of the application, a threshold value discrimination method is preferably selected, that is, the signal quality can be discriminated to be qualified only when the features extracted from the waveform of the heart beat to be detected are within the range of the set threshold value, otherwise, the signal quality is discriminated to be unqualified. The threshold discrimination method has the advantages of simple principle, easy realization and high discrimination speed, and can control the sensitivity of the evaluation algorithm by adjusting the threshold so as to be suitable for various application scenes. The discrimination threshold may be selected by a method that combines a priori knowledge with statistical data. In the embodiment of the present application, if any one of the characteristics is not within the set threshold range, the pulse wave waveform is determined to be unqualified.
Corresponding to the foregoing method for detecting signal quality of pulse wave, an embodiment of the present application further provides a device for detecting signal quality of pulse wave, where the device may be installed in any intelligent terminal, and may be embodied as a computer, a server, a dedicated analysis device, and the like. The signal quality detection device of pulse wave of this application embodiment, the first characteristic parameter that can characterize this dispersion heart beat wave slope's change frequency and change amplitude is drawed from the pulse wave waveform of a cycle heart beat to detect the signal quality of pulse wave according to first characteristic parameter, thereby can be qualified through the change frequency and the change amplitude that detect this pulse wave waveform, judge whether qualified the pulse wave waveform of a cycle heart beat is qualified.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the apparatus 1100 for detecting signal quality of pulse wave includes:
a waveform obtaining module 1101, configured to obtain a pulse waveform of a heartbeat in one period;
a characteristic parameter extraction module 1102, configured to perform a difference operation on the pulse waveform, and extract a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, where the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter that represents a change frequency and a change amplitude of a slope of the pulse waveform;
a detecting module 1103, configured to detect a signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
In an exemplary embodiment, the feature parameter extraction module 1102 includes:
a first order difference signal acquisition unit for acquiring a first order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
an amplitude spectrum obtaining unit for obtaining an amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal;
the calculation unit is used for calculating the sum of high-frequency amplitude values and low-frequency amplitude values in the amplitude-frequency spectrum, wherein the high-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values larger than each frequency in set frequencies, and the low-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values smaller than each frequency in the set frequencies;
and the ratio calculation unit is used for acquiring the ratio between the sum of the high-frequency amplitude values and the sum of the low-frequency amplitude values as a first characteristic parameter.
In an exemplary embodiment, the feature parameter extraction module 1102 includes:
a second order difference signal obtaining unit for obtaining a second order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and the accumulation and acquisition unit is used for acquiring the accumulation sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the pulse wave waveform designated interval as the first characteristic parameter.
In an exemplary embodiment, the feature parameter extraction module 1102 further includes:
and the interval selection unit is used for selecting a specified interval in the pulse wave waveform according to a preset sampling point serial number.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 1100 for detecting signal quality of pulse wave further includes:
and the interpolation module is used for carrying out linear interpolation on the pulse waveform, equidistantly sampling N points on the pulse waveform after interpolation, and acquiring the pulse waveform after resampling.
In an exemplary embodiment, the apparatus 1100 for detecting signal quality of pulse wave further includes:
the first amplitude acquisition module is used for acquiring the first amplitude of each sampling point in the resampled pulse wave waveform;
a second amplitude acquisition module, configured to acquire a second amplitude corresponding to each sampling point from a baseline connecting a start point and an end point of the resampled pulse wave waveform;
and the baseline calibration module is used for subtracting the second amplitude of each sampling point from the first amplitude of each sampling point to obtain the pulse wave waveform after baseline calibration.
In an exemplary embodiment, the detection module 1103 includes:
a threshold value judging unit, configured to judge whether the first characteristic parameter is within a preset threshold value range;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and the classification unit is used for inputting the first characteristic parameters into a classification model trained in advance, and judging whether the signal quality of the pulse wave is qualified or not according to the output result of the classification model.
In an exemplary embodiment, the feature parameter extraction module 1102 further includes:
a second first order difference signal acquisition unit for acquiring a first order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and the second characteristic extraction unit is used for acquiring the energy of the first-order difference signal and/or the entropy of the first-order difference signal as the first characteristic parameter of the discrete heartbeat waveform.
In an exemplary embodiment, the feature parameter extraction module 1102 further includes:
a second order difference signal obtaining unit for obtaining a second order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and the third characteristic extraction unit is used for acquiring the number of sampling points with amplitude values larger than a set threshold value in the second-order difference signal in the pulse wave waveform designated interval and/or acquiring the energy of the second-order difference in the pulse wave waveform designated interval as the first characteristic parameter.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Corresponding to the foregoing method for detecting signal quality of pulse wave, an embodiment of the present application further provides a device for detecting signal quality of pulse wave applied to the device for detecting signal quality of pulse wave, where the device for detecting signal quality of pulse wave may specifically be a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an interactive smart tablet, a dedicated device for detecting and analyzing pulse, and the like. The electronic equipment extracts a first characteristic parameter which can represent the change frequency and the change amplitude of the slope of the discrete heart beat waveform from the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period, and detects the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter, so that whether the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period is qualified or not can be judged by detecting whether the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform are qualified or not.
As shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
The electronic device includes: a processor 1200, a memory 1201, a display screen 1202 with touch functionality, an input device 1203, an output device 1204, and a communication device 1205. The number of the processors 1200 in the electronic device may be one or more, and one processor 1200 is taken as an example in fig. 11. The number of the memories 1201 in the electronic device may be one or more, and one memory 1201 is taken as an example in fig. 11. The processor 1200, the memory 1201, the display 1202, the input device 1203, the output device 1204, and the communication device 1205 of the electronic apparatus may be connected by a bus or other means, and fig. 11 illustrates an example of connection by a bus. In an embodiment, the electronic device may be a computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an interactive smart tablet, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), an e-book reader, a multimedia player, and the like. In the embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is taken as an example of an interactive smart tablet to describe.
The memory 1201 is used as a computer-readable storage medium, and can be used to store a software program, a computer-executable program, and modules, such as a resource calling method program described in any embodiment of the present application, and program instructions/modules corresponding to the resource calling method described in any embodiment of the present application (for example, the waveform obtaining module 901, the feature parameter extracting module 902, the detecting module 903, and the like in the pulse wave signal quality detecting apparatus). The memory 1201 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to use of the device, and the like. Further, the memory 1201 may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state storage device. In some examples, the memory 1201 may further include memory located remotely from the processor 1200, which may be connected to the devices through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The display screen 1202 may be a touch-enabled display screen, which may be a capacitive screen, an electromagnetic screen, or an infrared screen. Generally, the display screen 1202 is used for displaying data according to instructions of the processor 1200, and is also used for receiving touch operations applied to the display screen 1202 and sending corresponding signals to the processor 1200 or other devices. Optionally, when the display screen 1202 is an infrared screen, the display screen 1202 further includes an infrared touch frame, and the infrared touch frame is disposed around the display screen 1202, and may also be configured to receive an infrared signal and send the infrared signal to the processor 1200 or other devices. In other examples, the display screen 1202 may also be a display screen without touch functionality.
The communication means 1205 for establishing a communication connection with other devices may be a wired communication means and/or a wireless communication means.
The input device 1203 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function controls of the electronic apparatus, and may also be a camera for acquiring images and a sound pickup apparatus for acquiring audio data. The output device 1204 may include an audio device such as a speaker. It should be noted that the specific composition of the input device 1203 and the output device 1204 can be set according to actual situations.
The processor 1200 executes various functional applications and data processing of the device by running software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 1201, that is, implements the pulse wave signal quality detection method described in any of the above embodiments.
Specifically, in an exemplary embodiment, when the processor 1200 executes one or more programs stored in the memory 1201, the following operations are implemented:
acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
carrying out difference operation on the pulse wave form, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave form slope;
and detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
On the basis of the above embodiment, performing a difference operation on the pulse waveform, and extracting a first feature parameter according to a difference operation result includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
acquiring an amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal;
calculating the sum of high-frequency amplitude values and the sum of low-frequency amplitude values in the amplitude spectrum, wherein the high-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values larger than each frequency in set frequencies, and the low-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values smaller than each frequency in the set frequencies;
and acquiring a ratio of the sum of the high-frequency amplitude values to the sum of the low-frequency amplitude values as a first characteristic parameter.
On the basis of the above embodiment, performing a difference operation on the pulse waveform, and extracting a first feature parameter according to a difference operation result includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the appointed interval of the pulse wave waveform as the first characteristic parameter.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes:
and selecting a designated interval in the pulse wave waveform according to a preset sampling point sequence number.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after acquiring the pulse wave waveform of the heart beat in one period, the method further includes:
and carrying out linear interpolation on the pulse waveform, and sampling N points at equal intervals on the pulse waveform after interpolation to obtain the pulse waveform after resampling.
On the basis of the above embodiment, after obtaining the resampled pulse wave waveform, the method further includes:
acquiring a first amplitude value of each sampling point in the resampled pulse wave waveform;
acquiring a second amplitude value corresponding to each sampling point of a baseline connecting the start point and the end point of the resampled pulse wave waveform;
and subtracting the second amplitude of each sampling point from the first amplitude of each sampling point to obtain the pulse wave waveform after baseline calibration.
On the basis of the above embodiment, detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter includes:
judging whether the first characteristic parameter is within a preset threshold range;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and inputting the first characteristic parameter into a classification model trained in advance, and judging whether the signal quality of the pulse wave is qualified or not according to an output result of the classification model.
On the basis of the above embodiment, performing a difference operation on the pulse waveform, and extracting a first feature parameter according to a difference operation result includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the energy of the first-order difference signal and/or the entropy of the first-order difference signal as a first characteristic parameter of the discrete heartbeat waveform.
On the basis of the above embodiment, performing a difference operation on the pulse waveform, and extracting a first feature parameter according to a difference operation result includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the number of sampling points with the amplitude value larger than a set threshold value in the second-order difference signal in the pulse wave waveform designated interval, and/or acquiring the energy of the second-order difference in the pulse wave waveform designated interval as the first characteristic parameter.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each component in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the apparatus embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment for relevant points. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, wherein the components described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the disclosed solution. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort. The electronic device provided by the above can be used to execute the resource calling method provided by any of the above embodiments, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects. The implementation process of the function and the action of each component in the device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the resource calling method, and is not described herein again.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the signal quality detection device of the pulse wave, the present disclosure also provides a pulse wave detection system, including a pulse wave detection apparatus and the signal quality detection device of the pulse wave described in the foregoing embodiment, the pulse wave detection apparatus is configured to detect a pulse wave signal of a subject and output a pulse wave waveform to the signal quality detection device of the pulse wave.
Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the embodiments of the application following, in general, the principles of the embodiments of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the embodiments of the application pertain. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the embodiments of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the embodiments of the present application is limited only by the following claims.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express a few embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present application, and these embodiments are within the scope of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave, comprising the steps of:
acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
carrying out difference operation on the pulse wave form, and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a difference operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave form slope;
and detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
2. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 1, wherein performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter based on a result of the difference operation includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
acquiring an amplitude spectrum of the first-order difference signal;
calculating the sum of high-frequency amplitude values and the sum of low-frequency amplitude values in the amplitude spectrum, wherein the high-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values larger than each frequency in set frequencies, and the low-frequency amplitude values are amplitude values smaller than each frequency in the set frequencies;
and acquiring a ratio of the sum of the high-frequency amplitude values to the sum of the low-frequency amplitude values as a first characteristic parameter.
3. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 1, wherein performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter based on a result of the difference operation includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the accumulated sum of the absolute amplitudes of the second-order difference signals in the appointed interval of the pulse wave waveform as the first characteristic parameter.
4. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 3, further comprising:
and selecting a designated interval in the pulse wave waveform according to a preset sampling point sequence number.
5. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising, after acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heartbeat in one cycle:
and carrying out linear interpolation on the pulse waveform, and sampling N points at equal intervals on the pulse waveform after interpolation to obtain the pulse waveform after resampling.
6. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 5, further comprising, after acquiring the resampled pulse wave waveform:
acquiring a first amplitude value of each sampling point in the resampled pulse wave waveform;
acquiring a second amplitude value corresponding to each sampling point of a baseline connecting the start point and the end point of the resampled pulse wave waveform;
and subtracting the second amplitude of each sampling point from the first amplitude of each sampling point to obtain the pulse wave waveform after baseline calibration.
7. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 1, wherein detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave based on the first characteristic parameter includes:
judging whether the first characteristic parameter is within a preset threshold range;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
and inputting the first characteristic parameter into a classification model trained in advance, and judging whether the signal quality of the pulse wave is qualified or not according to an output result of the classification model.
8. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 1, wherein performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter based on a result of the difference operation includes:
acquiring a first-order difference signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the energy of the first-order difference signal and/or the entropy of the first-order difference signal as a first characteristic parameter of the discrete heartbeat waveform.
9. The method for detecting signal quality of a pulse wave according to claim 1, wherein performing a difference operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter based on a result of the difference operation includes:
acquiring a second-order differential signal of the pulse wave waveform;
and acquiring the number of sampling points with the amplitude value larger than a set threshold value in the second-order difference signal in the pulse wave waveform designated interval, and/or acquiring the energy of the second-order difference in the pulse wave waveform designated interval as the first characteristic parameter.
10. A pulse wave signal quality detection device, comprising:
the waveform acquisition module is used for acquiring a pulse wave waveform of a heart beat in one period;
the characteristic parameter extraction module is used for carrying out differential operation on the pulse wave waveform and extracting a first characteristic parameter according to a differential operation result, wherein the first characteristic parameter is a characteristic parameter representing the change frequency and the change amplitude of the pulse wave waveform slope;
and the detection module is used for detecting the signal quality of the pulse wave according to the first characteristic parameter.
11. A signal quality detection apparatus of a pulse wave, characterized in that:
comprises a memory and a processor;
the memory for storing one or more programs;
when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for signal quality detection of pulse waves according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
12. A pulse wave detection system characterized by:
a signal quality detection apparatus including a pulse wave detection device and the pulse wave of claim 11;
the pulse wave detection device is used for detecting pulse wave signals of a detected person and outputting pulse wave waveforms to the pulse wave signal quality detection equipment.
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| CN113040771A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-29 | 青岛歌尔智能传感器有限公司 | Emotion recognition method and system, wearable device and storage medium |
| CN113040771B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-12-23 | 青岛歌尔智能传感器有限公司 | Emotion recognition method, system, wearable device and storage medium |
| CN113940637A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-18 | 广东宝莱特医用科技股份有限公司 | Pulse wave signal quality evaluation method, device and storage medium |
| CN113940637B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-11-03 | 广东宝莱特医用科技股份有限公司 | Pulse wave signal quality evaluation method, device and storage medium |
| CN113995387A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-01 | 上海掌门科技有限公司 | Method, apparatus, medium, and program product for detecting pulse waveform |
| CN113995387B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2024-04-12 | 上海掌门科技有限公司 | Method, device, medium and program product for detecting pulse waveform |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |