CN110972662B - Water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and operation process thereof - Google Patents

Water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and operation process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110972662B
CN110972662B CN201911211317.9A CN201911211317A CN110972662B CN 110972662 B CN110972662 B CN 110972662B CN 201911211317 A CN201911211317 A CN 201911211317A CN 110972662 B CN110972662 B CN 110972662B
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fertilizer
water
water tank
filter
inlet
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CN201911211317.9A
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CN110972662A (en
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徐洲
邵孝候
王志敏
崔文怡
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/042Adding fertiliser to watering systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/001Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders
    • A01C23/002Sludge spreaders, e.g. liquid manure spreaders provided with auxiliary arrangements, e.g. pumps, agitators, cutters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/01Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
    • B01D29/03Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements self-supporting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D29/00Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/56Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in series connection

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and an operation process thereof. The invention relates to a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter, which is characterized in that a fertilizer applicator and a filter are organically combined according to the application characteristics of the water and fertilizer integrated filter and the fertilizer applicator in modern agricultural production, and the pressure difference generated by the filter is used as a power source of the fertilizer applicator. The pressure of the filter is transmitted to the fertilization water tank through the pipeline, the energy loss of the system is utilized, the flow of the fertilization water tank is controlled through the electromagnetic speed regulating valve, and finally, the controllable process of water and fertilizer integration and filtration is achieved.

Description

Water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and operation process thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural water conservancy equipment, and particularly relates to a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and an operation process thereof.
Background
The integration of water and fertilizer is a new technology which combines fertilization and irrigation together, can greatly improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizer and water, but easily causes the filter and drip irrigation zone water dropper to block up and finally causes the irrigation system to break down in practical application, only uses the fertilizer applicator and the filter in mechanical combination in the traditional production, and the practical production process faces the problem that the fertilizer applicator needs to be pressurized and the filter causes the water head loss to be continuously increased due to the blocking.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and an operation process thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter comprises a filter box, a fertilizer fixing water tank, a liquid fertilizer water tank and a pipeline, wherein the filter box is respectively connected with the fertilizer fixing water tank and the liquid fertilizer water tank through the pipeline;
the bottom of the filter box is provided with a main water inlet and a main water outlet, one side of the filter box, which is internally provided with the main water inlet, is vertically provided with a filter screen, one side of the filter box, which is internally provided with the main water outlet, is vertically provided with a lamination, and the top of the filter box is provided with a solid fertilizer inlet and outlet, a solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet and a liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet;
the fertilizer fixing inlet and outlet are connected to the fertilizer fixing water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the interior of the box body from one end of the top of the fertilizer fixing water tank and extends to the bottom end of the fertilizer fixing water tank, and a pipeline opening at the bottom end in the fertilizer fixing water tank is a fertilizer fixing water inlet;
the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet are sequentially connected with a steering valve, a sand filter and a first electromagnetic speed regulating valve through pipelines, and a pipeline is additionally arranged at the steering valve and connected to a second electromagnetic speed regulating valve; the first electromagnetic speed regulating valve is connected to the fertilizer fixing water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the inside of the box body from the other end of the top of the fertilizer fixing water tank and extends to the upper end of the inside of the box body, and a pipeline opening at the upper end of the inside of the fertilizer fixing water tank is a fertilizer fixing water outlet;
the liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet are connected to the liquid fertilizer water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the interior of the tank body from the top of the liquid fertilizer water tank and extends to the upper end of the interior of the tank body, and a pipeline opening at the upper end of the interior of the liquid fertilizer water tank is a liquid fertilizer water outlet;
the inside level of liquid manure water tank sets up the piston, and its bottom lateral wall upper shed is as liquid manure water inlet, second electromagnetic speed control valve passes through the liquid manure water inlet of pipe connection to liquid manure water tank.
Preferably, the sand filter takes porous ceramics and activated carbon balls as filter materials.
Preferably, the filter material is removable.
An operation process of a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter comprises the following three operation modes:
(1) a flushing mode: the steering valve closes the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet, water flow does not enter the solid-fertilizer water tank and the liquid-fertilizer water tank and directly passes through double filtration of the filter screen and the lamination, and the water at the moment is mainly used for washing the drip irrigation tape;
(2) fertilizer fixing mode: the diversion valve is closed to the liquid fertilizer water inlet, irrigation water flows into a filter screen in the filter box from the main water inlet, most of water flows pass through the filter screen, and a small part of water flows into the pipeline from the solid fertilizer inlet and outlet and enters the solid fertilizer water tank through the solid fertilizer water inlet;
(3) liquid fertilizer mode: the solid fertilizer water outlet is closed by the steering valve, water flow enters the filter box through the main water inlet, after being filtered by the filter screen, most of the water flow flows out along the main water outlet after being filtered by the lamination, and a small part of the water flow flows into the pipeline through the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet and enters the liquid fertilizer water box through the liquid fertilizer water inlet.
Preferably, in the fertilizer fixing mode, the liquid fertilizer water tank can be subjected to feeding treatment; in the liquid fertilizer mode, the solid fertilizer water tank can be fed with materials.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter, which is characterized in that a fertilizer applicator and a filter are organically combined according to the application characteristics of the water and fertilizer integrated filter and the fertilizer applicator in modern agricultural production, and the pressure difference generated by the filter is used as a power source of the fertilizer applicator. In the practical use process, along with the blockage of the filter screen and the lamination, the pressure difference on two sides can be continuously increased, and obvious pressure difference is generated between the inlet and the outlet of the filter due to the head loss of the filter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water and fertilizer integrated combined filter.
In the figure: 1. a filter box; 2. filtering with a screen; 3. laminating; 4. a main water inlet; 5. a main water outlet; 6. fertilizer fixation inlet and outlet; 7. liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet; 8. solid-liquid fertilizer import and export; 9. a fertilizer fixation water inlet; 10. a fertilizer fixing water tank; 11. a fertilizer fixing water outlet; 12. a steering valve; 13. a sand filter; 14. a first electromagnetic speed regulating valve; 15. a second electromagnetic speed regulating valve; 16. a liquid fertilizer water inlet; 17. a liquid fertilizer water tank; 18. a piston; 19. and a liquid fertilizer outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples.
Example 1
A water and fertilizer integrated combined filter is shown in figure 1 and comprises a filter box 1, a fertilizer fixing water tank 10, a liquid fertilizer water tank 17 and pipelines, wherein the filter box 1 is respectively connected with the fertilizer fixing water tank 10 and the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 through the pipelines.
The bottom of rose box 1 is equipped with total water inlet 4 and total delivery port 5, and the vertical filter screen 2 that sets up in one side that is equipped with total water inlet 4 of incasement, the vertical lamination 3 that sets up in one side that is equipped with total delivery port 5 of incasement, and the top of rose box 1 is equipped with solid fertile 6 of importing and exporting, solid fertile 8 of importing and exporting 7 with liquid fertile.
The solid fertilizer inlet and outlet 6 is connected to the solid fertilizer water tank 10 through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the inside of the box body from one end of the top of the solid fertilizer water tank 10 and extends to the bottom end of the solid fertilizer water tank, and a pipeline opening at the bottom end in the solid fertilizer water tank 10 is a solid fertilizer water inlet 9 which can play a role in stirring precipitated solid fertilizer.
The solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet 8 is sequentially connected with a steering valve 12, a sand filter 13 and a first electromagnetic speed regulating valve 14 through pipelines, and another pipeline is arranged at the steering valve 12 and connected to a second electromagnetic speed regulating valve 15; the first electromagnetic speed regulating valve 14 is connected to the fertilizer fixing water tank 10 through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the inside of the tank body from the other end of the top of the fertilizer fixing water tank 10 and extends to the inner upper end of the fertilizer fixing water tank, a pipeline opening at the upper end of the inside of the fertilizer fixing water tank 10 is a fertilizer fixing water outlet 11, and large undissolved solid fertilizers with large particles can be prevented from entering the pipeline and a filtering system.
According to a preferable scheme, the sand filter 13 takes porous ceramics and activated carbon balls as main filter materials, the requirement of the generated pressure difference is far smaller than that of the filter screen 2, meanwhile, the filter materials of the sand filter 13 can be disassembled and cleaned in the fertilizer fixing water tank 10, so that part of fertilizer is saved, and the use efficiency is improved.
The liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet 7 is connected to a liquid fertilizer water tank 17 through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the inside of the tank body from the top of the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 and extends to the inner upper end of the tank body, and a pipeline opening at the inner upper end of the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 is a liquid fertilizer water outlet 19.
The piston 18 is horizontally arranged in the liquid fertilizer water tank 17, the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 is divided into two areas, namely a water area (lower part) and a liquid fertilizer area (upper part), by the piston 18, an opening is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 and serves as a liquid fertilizer water inlet 16, the second electromagnetic speed regulating valve 15 is connected to the liquid fertilizer water inlet 16 of the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 through a pipeline, water flows into the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 and then pushes the piston 18 to move upwards under the action of pressure difference, and liquid fertilizer stored in the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 slowly flows into the filter box 1 through the liquid fertilizer water outlet 19.
Based on the water and fertilizer integrated combined filter, the operation process is as follows:
when water quality filtering separation and fertilizer addition are carried out, three working modes are provided: a flushing mode, a fertilizer fixing mode and a liquid fertilizer mode.
(1) A flushing mode: the steering valve 12 closes the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet 8, water flow does not enter the solid-liquid fertilizer water tank 10 and the liquid fertilizer water tank 17, the water flow directly passes through the double filtration of the filter screen 2 and the lamination 3, and the water at the moment is mainly used for washing the drip irrigation tape.
(2) Fertilizer fixing mode: the diverter valve 12 is closed to the liquid fertilizer water inlet 16, irrigation water flows into the filter screen 2 in the filter box 1 from the main water inlet 4, most of water flows pass through the filter screen 2, a small part of water flows into the pipeline from the solid fertilizer inlet and outlet 6 and enters the solid fertilizer water tank 10 through the solid fertilizer inlet 9, the water flows dissolve the fertilizer in the solid fertilizer water tank 10 and reenters the filter box 1 through the solid fertilizer water outlet 11 and the solid fertilizer inlet and outlet 8, and the fertilizer is filtered by the sand filter 13 and the first electromagnetic speed regulating valve 14 on the way and finally discharged from the main water outlet 5 after being filtered by the lamination 3.
(3) Liquid fertilizer mode: the diverter valve 12 closes the solid fertilizer water outlet 11, water flow enters the filter box 1 through the main water inlet 4, after being filtered by the filter screen 2, most of the water flow flows out along the main water outlet 5 after being filtered by the lamination 3, and a small part of the water flow enters the pipeline through the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet 8 and enters the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 through the liquid fertilizer water inlet 16, because of the water pressure at two sides of the lamination 3, the piston 18 is slowly pushed upwards, and the liquid fertilizer slowly flows into the filter box 1 through the liquid fertilizer water outlet 19 and the liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet 7 under the control of the second electromagnetic speed regulating valve 15, so that the fertilizer adding effect is achieved.
In a preferable scheme, when the fertilizer fixing mode is used, the liquid fertilizer water tank 17 can be fed, and when the liquid fertilizer mode is used, the fertilizer fixing water tank 10 can also be fed, and the filter medium containing fertilizer residues remained in the sand filter 13 can be reused by flushing the fertilizer fixing water tank 10.
The foregoing embodiments have shown and described the fundamental principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. A water and fertilizer integrated combined filter is characterized by comprising a filter box, a fertilizer fixing water tank, a liquid fertilizer water tank and a pipeline, wherein the filter box is respectively connected with the fertilizer fixing water tank and the liquid fertilizer water tank through the pipeline;
the bottom of the filter box is provided with a main water inlet and a main water outlet, one side of the filter box, which is internally provided with the main water inlet, is vertically provided with a filter screen, one side of the filter box, which is internally provided with the main water outlet, is vertically provided with a lamination, and the top of the filter box is provided with a solid fertilizer inlet and outlet, a solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet and a liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet;
the fertilizer fixing inlet and outlet are connected to the fertilizer fixing water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the interior of the box body from one end of the top of the fertilizer fixing water tank and extends to the bottom end of the fertilizer fixing water tank, and a pipeline opening at the bottom end in the fertilizer fixing water tank is a fertilizer fixing water inlet;
the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet are sequentially connected with a steering valve, a sand filter and a first electromagnetic speed regulating valve through pipelines, and a pipeline is additionally arranged at the steering valve and connected to a second electromagnetic speed regulating valve; the first electromagnetic speed regulating valve is connected to the fertilizer fixing water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the inside of the box body from the other end of the top of the fertilizer fixing water tank and extends to the upper end of the inside of the box body, and a pipeline opening at the upper end of the inside of the fertilizer fixing water tank is a fertilizer fixing water outlet;
the liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet are connected to the liquid fertilizer water tank through a pipeline, the pipeline enters the interior of the tank body from the top of the liquid fertilizer water tank and extends to the upper end of the interior of the tank body, and a pipeline opening at the upper end of the interior of the liquid fertilizer water tank is a liquid fertilizer water outlet;
the inside level of liquid manure water tank sets up the piston, and its bottom lateral wall upper shed is as liquid manure water inlet, second electromagnetic speed control valve passes through the liquid manure water inlet of pipe connection to liquid manure water tank.
2. The water and fertilizer integrated combined filter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand filter is made of porous ceramics and activated carbon balls.
3. The combined filter for water and fertilizer integration of claim 2, wherein the filter material is removable.
4. The operation process of the water and fertilizer integrated combined filter based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following three operation modes:
(1) a flushing mode: the steering valve closes the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet, water flow does not enter the solid-fertilizer water tank and the liquid-fertilizer water tank and directly passes through double filtration of the filter screen and the lamination, and the water at the moment is mainly used for washing the drip irrigation tape;
(2) fertilizer fixing mode: the diversion valve is closed to the liquid fertilizer water inlet, irrigation water flows into a filter screen in the filter box from the main water inlet, most of water flows pass through the filter screen, and a small part of water flows into the pipeline from the solid fertilizer inlet and outlet and enters the solid fertilizer water tank through the solid fertilizer water inlet;
(3) liquid fertilizer mode: the solid fertilizer water outlet is closed by the steering valve, water flow enters the filter box through the main water inlet, after being filtered by the filter screen, most of the water flow flows out along the main water outlet after being filtered by the lamination, and a small part of the water flow flows into the pipeline through the solid-liquid fertilizer inlet and outlet and enters the liquid fertilizer water box through the liquid fertilizer water inlet.
5. The operation process of the water and fertilizer integrated combined filter as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the fertilizer fixing mode, a liquid fertilizer tank can be fed; in the liquid fertilizer mode, the solid fertilizer water tank can be fed with materials.
CN201911211317.9A 2019-12-02 2019-12-02 Water and fertilizer integrated combined filter and operation process thereof Active CN110972662B (en)

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CN110972662B true CN110972662B (en) 2021-04-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111386830B (en) * 2020-04-27 2022-02-01 青岛理工大学 Water and fertilizer integrated machine capable of simultaneously preparing solid fertilizer and liquid fertilizer
CN112772087A (en) * 2020-12-30 2021-05-11 黑龙江东部节水设备有限公司 Portable liquid manure tumbrel

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GB2258413A (en) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-10 Hunting Eng Ltd Mixing liquids
CN107409584A (en) * 2017-05-16 2017-12-01 周福明 A kind of gardens are used can fertilizing, watering device
CN207653188U (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-07-27 四川农业大学 A kind of crops seedling irrigation system
CN209105647U (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-07-16 莱芜润华节水灌溉科技有限公司 Intelligent liquid manure all-in-one machine
CN209151570U (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-07-26 杭州坤联园林绿化工程有限公司 A kind of seedling growth fully automatic integral device
CN110402798A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-05 广西水力机械研究所有限公司 A kind of self-pressing type irrigation system

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