CN110967914B - Projection screen and projection system - Google Patents

Projection screen and projection system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110967914B
CN110967914B CN201811153138.XA CN201811153138A CN110967914B CN 110967914 B CN110967914 B CN 110967914B CN 201811153138 A CN201811153138 A CN 201811153138A CN 110967914 B CN110967914 B CN 110967914B
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light
layer
projection screen
substrate
functional layer
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CN110967914A (en
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王杰
孙微
王霖
胡飞
李屹
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Shenzhen Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Appotronics Corp Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/107998 priority patent/WO2020063706A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Overhead Projectors And Projection Screens (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a projection screen, which comprises a substrate, a functional layer and a light absorption layer, wherein the substrate, the functional layer and the light absorption layer are arranged in sequence from a light incidence side; the functional layer comprises a plurality of microstructures connected with the surface of the light absorption layer, the microstructures are truncated cone bodies, and the microstructures are used for reflecting incident projection light. Because the horizontal plane of the functional layer is contacted with the light absorption layer, the ambient light incident on the horizontal plane is absorbed by the light absorption layer, and the ambient light incident on the inclined plane of the microstructure of the functional layer is also absorbed by the light absorption layer after being reflected to the horizontal plane, the projection screen can absorb the ambient light as much as possible, thereby obtaining a high-contrast image.

Description

Projection screen and projection system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a projection screen and a projection system comprising the same.
Background
In the existing projection display system, a projection screen is used as an important component of the projection display system, and has great influence on the display effect. Furthermore, the contrast of the projection screen is an important parameter for measuring and displaying the visual effect, generally speaking, the greater the contrast is, the clearer the image is, the stronger the detail expression is, and the more obvious the gray level is; and the smaller the contrast is, the more blurred the picture display is, and the worse the detailed integrity of the whole picture is.
The existing reflection type projection screen has the main factor that stray light in the environment influences the contrast of the reflection type projection screen, because the reflection type projection screen not only reflects the light of a projector but also reflects the stray light in the environment, the contrast of a picture displayed by the whole projection screen is far lower than the contrast of the projector due to the influence of ambient light, and the image quality of a projection display system is greatly influenced. At present, a reflective projection screen with ambient light resistance generally adopts a microstructure film coating technology, that is, a light absorbing material is arranged on the upper surface of a microstructure for absorbing stray light in the environment, and a reflective material is arranged on the lower surface of the microstructure for reflecting projection light of a projector, so as to achieve the purpose of ambient light resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a projection screen which has the characteristics of simple structure, easiness in processing, low cost and high contrast.
A projection screen comprises a substrate, a functional layer and a light absorption layer for absorbing light rays, wherein the substrate, the functional layer and the light absorption layer are arranged in sequence from a light incidence side;
the functional layer comprises a plurality of microstructures connected with the surface of the light absorption layer, the microstructures are used for reflecting part of incident projection light, and the microstructures reflect part of ambient light incident from multiple angles to the light absorption layer.
In one embodiment, the microstructure is a truncated cone or an elliptical cone structure.
In one embodiment, the microstructures are distributed in an array, a vertical periodic arrangement or a horizontal periodic arrangement; furthermore, the visual angle in a certain direction is improved by the periodic arrangement in the direction.
In one embodiment, a reflective layer is disposed on a surface of the microstructure facing the light absorbing layer, the reflective layer is a metal reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer, and the reflective layer is disposed on the surface of the microstructure to increase reflection of the projection light.
In one embodiment, there are gaps between the microstructures, which are air gaps, where the refractive index of air is less than the refraction of the microstructure material, so that as much of the projected light as possible is returned to the viewer's eye by total reflection.
In a variant, the gap is filled with a transparent material having a refractive index smaller than the refractive index of the microstructures, so that as much of the projected light as possible is returned to the viewer's eye by total reflection.
In an embodiment, the projection screen further comprises a diffusion layer arranged on a light-emitting surface of the substrate, the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, and the functional layer and the diffusion layer are formed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate in an integrated forming mode, so that the production flow of the projection screen is reduced, and the cost is saved.
In an embodiment, the projection screen further comprises a diffusion layer arranged on a light-emitting surface of the substrate, the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, the functional layer and the diffusion layer are formed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate in a laminating mode, and the diffusion layer is of a body diffusion structure or a surface diffusion structure. The diffusion layer can increase the emergent divergence angle of the projection light so as to improve the visual angle of the projection screen.
In one embodiment. The projector is a long-focus projector, and the long-focus projector emits projection light from the light incidence side to the projection screen.
The functional layer in the projection screen has a truncated cone structure, and the microstructure comprises a horizontal plane which is in contact with the light absorption layer. Since the horizontal surface of the functional layer is in contact with the light absorbing layer, the ambient light incident on the horizontal surface is absorbed by the light absorbing layer, and the ambient light incident on the inclined surface of the microstructure is also absorbed by the light absorbing layer after being reflected toward the horizontal surface. In addition, the truncated cone microstructure can reflect ambient light rays incident at multiple angles and absorb the ambient light rays as much as possible, so that a high-contrast image is obtained. In addition, because the projection light of the long-focus projector is approximately vertically incident on the projection screen, the cone microstructure can further improve the visual angle of the emergent projection light by reflecting the projection light.
It is to be understood that the advantageous effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-described effects, but may be any of the advantageous effects described herein.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a projection screen according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a functional layer of a projection screen according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a functional layer microstructure according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical path of the projection light of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the light path of the ambient light according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a functional layer and a schematic view of projected light according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a functional layer and a schematic view of projected light according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is emphasized that all dimensions in the figures are merely schematic and not necessarily to scale, thus not limiting. For example, it should be understood that the dimensions, ratios, etc. of the diffusion layer, functional layer, black light absorbing layer, etc. are not shown in actual dimensions and ratios, but are for convenience of illustration only and are not intended to limit the specific scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the specific drawings, wherein the vertical direction of the projection screen is the vertical direction of the screen, and the horizontal direction of the projection screen is the horizontal direction of the screen, with respect to the viewer in front of the projection screen. The "vertical direction of the screen" and the "horizontal direction of the screen" described in the other drawings of the present invention are the same.
As shown in fig. 1, the projection screen of the present invention includes a diffusion layer 40, a substrate 10, a functional layer 20 and a light absorbing layer 30 in order from a light incident side, wherein the diffusion layer 40 and the functional layer 20 are disposed on opposite surfaces of the substrate 10, and the functional layer 20 is connected to the light absorbing layer 30.
Further, the light absorbing layer 30 is used for absorbing the projection light incident on the light absorbing layer 30 and the ambient light and other stray light incident from other directions, further, the light absorbing layer 30 may be a bulk absorbing layer made of a light absorbing material, preferably a black light absorbing material, and the "bulk absorbing layer" in the present invention means that the light absorbing material is contained inside the light absorbing layer 30, and at this time, the light absorbing material inside the light absorbing layer 30 performs a light absorbing function, wherein the absorption rate of the light absorbing layer 30 to the visible light is greater than or equal to 90%.
In a modified embodiment, the light absorbing layer 30 may be a surface absorbing layer made by coating a surface of the substrate facing the functional layer 20 with a light absorbing material, preferably a black light absorbing material, and in this case, the light absorbing material coated on the surface of the substrate is used for light absorption, specifically, a layer of light absorbing material may be coated, and the light absorption rate of the light absorbing layer may be increased by coating a plurality of layers of light absorbing materials, wherein the absorption rate of the light absorbing layer 30 to visible light is greater than or equal to 90%.
Further, the functional layer 20 includes a plurality of truncated cone microstructures 201, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the microstructures 201 may be distributed in an array or periodically distributed in a certain direction, and specifically, each microstructure unit 201 is periodically arranged in a horizontal direction (left and right directions of a picture) and is staggered in a vertical direction (up and down directions of the picture), so as to further improve a viewing angle of the projection screen in the horizontal direction and compress the viewing angle in the vertical direction, thereby improving a brightness gain of the projection screen in the vertical direction. It can be understood that, in other applicable scenarios, the microstructures 201 of the functional layer 20 may also be periodically arranged in the vertical direction (the up-down direction of the screen), and be arranged in the horizontal direction (the left-right direction of the screen) in a staggered manner, so as to improve the viewing angle of the projection screen in the vertical direction, and compress the viewing angle in the horizontal direction, and further improve the brightness gain of the projection screen in the horizontal direction. Further, the microstructure 201 includes organic materials such as PET, PC, PVC, PMMA, etc., and can be formed by a transfer printing method such as UV curing or thermal curing.
In a modified embodiment, the functional layer 20 comprises a plurality of truncated ellipsoid microstructures, the truncated ellipsoid comprises a first elliptical surface connected to the light absorbing layer and a second elliptical surface connected to the substrate, the first elliptical surface and the second elliptical surface are similar ellipses, where the term "similar ellipse" means that the first elliptical surface and the second elliptical surface have the same shape and different areas, that is, the first elliptical surface can be overlapped with the second elliptical surface after being proportionally enlarged or reduced. Further, a line connecting two focal points of the first elliptical surface is parallel to a line connecting two focal points of the second elliptical surface, so that the reflecting surface of the elliptical table reflects the projected light to the viewer side as much as possible. Further, a connecting line of the focuses of the first elliptical surface and the second elliptical surface is parallel to the horizontal direction, at the moment, the visual angle in the horizontal direction is expanded, the visual angle in the vertical direction is compressed, and the gain in the vertical direction is improved; it is understood that the line connecting the foci of the first and second elliptical surfaces is perpendicular to the horizontal direction (parallel to the vertical direction), and when the vertical viewing angle is expanded, the horizontal viewing angle is compressed, and the gain in the horizontal direction is increased.
Gaps exist among the plurality of truncated cone microstructures 201, wherein the gaps can be air gaps which do not need any filling, and also can be transparent materials with the refractive index smaller than that of the functional layer 20, so that when light enters the gap interface of the functional layer, most of projection light meeting the total reflection condition enters the visual angle of audiences through reflection. For the ambient light, the incident angle of the ambient light incident on the inclined plane of the truncated cone microstructure is larger than the incident angle of the projection light, so that the total reflection is more likely to occur and then the total reflection is absorbed by the light absorption layer 30.
In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a reflective layer 2001 is disposed on a surface of the microstructure of the functional layer 20 facing the light absorbing layer 30, so as to further increase the reflection efficiency of the functional layer 20 to light, so as to improve the projection light gain, wherein the reflective layer 2001 may be a metal reflective layer made of aluminum silver powder or the like, and is made by coating or spraying, or may be a scattering particle coating with high reflectivity, that is, a diffuse reflective layer, and for the specific material selection, the existing material is used, and details are not repeated here.
Further, the substrate 10 includes a first surface connected to the functional layer 20, and a second surface opposite to the first surface and connected to the diffusion layer, wherein the functional layer 20 is preferably integrally formed with the substrate, that is, the microstructure 201 is formed on the surface of the substrate 10 by a transfer printing method, and the integrally forming has an advantage that a bonding process of the substrate 10 and the microstructure 201 is saved, so that the production efficiency can be further improved. It is understood that the functional layer 20 may be prepared separately from the substrate 10 and then bonded by optical glue.
Further, the second surface of the substrate 10 is connected to the diffusion layer 40, the diffusion layer 40 may be a bulk diffusion structure containing diffusion particles therein, or a surface diffusion structure in which the diffusion layer 40 is provided on the surface opposite to the surface connected to the substrate, bulk scattering particles are provided in the bulk diffusion structure, and the diffusion layer 40 having the diffusion particles may be obtained using a precision optical coating apparatus. The bulk diffusing particles are, for example, inorganic particles such as silica and titania particles, or organic particles such as acrylic resin and epoxy resin particles. The surface of the surface diffusion film has a rough structure and can be obtained by a roll-to-roll imprinting process.
In the projection screen structure, the diffusion layer 40 is separately manufactured and then connected with the substrate in a bonding mode; it is understood that the diffusion layer 40 may also be integrally formed with the substrate 10, that is, the diffusion layer 40 is formed on the second side of the substrate 10 by means of transfer printing, and the integrally forming has the advantage of saving the bonding process of the substrate 10 and the diffusion layer 40, which can further improve the production efficiency.
Therefore, the projection screen structure of the present invention can be summarized as follows, the functional layer 20, the substrate 10 and the diffusion layer 40 can be integrally formed, in this case, the functional layer 20 and the diffusion layer 40 are formed on two opposite surfaces of the substrate 10, that is, the functional layer 20 is formed on a first surface of the substrate 10, and the diffusion layer 40 is formed on a second surface of the substrate 10, wherein the first surface and the second surface are oppositely disposed, which has advantages of saving raw materials, simplifying the production process, and further improving the strength of the projection screen, and has disadvantages that the selection of raw materials is limited, and the optical effects of each layer cannot be fully exerted.
In addition, the functional layer 20, the substrate 10 and the diffusion layer 40 can be prepared independently and then the functional layer 20, the substrate 10 and the diffusion layer 40 are bonded together through a bonding process, and the structure has the advantages that the layers are independently prepared, the selection of raw materials is more flexible, and the optical effect of each layer can be exerted by components.
It is understood that the functional layer 20 and the substrate 10 are integrally formed, and the diffusion layer 40 is separately prepared, and then the diffusion layer 40 is attached to the integrally formed functional layer 20 and the substrate 10; in an alternative embodiment, the functional layer 20 is separately prepared, the substrate 10 and the diffusion layer 40 are integrally formed, and then the diffusion layer 40 is attached to the integrally formed functional layer 20 and the substrate 10.
As further shown in fig. 4, in the optical schematic diagram of the projection screen structure of the present disclosure, in which the functional layer 20 is exemplified by a truncated cone microstructure, the projection light P1 from the projector is incident on the projection screen (tele projection light) in a direction approximately perpendicular to the screen plane, which is a plane formed by the up-down direction of the screen and the left-right direction of the screen.
The projection light P1 from the projector is totally reflected on the inner surface of the truncated cone microstructure of the functional layer 20, and the outgoing light reflected by the inner surface of the truncated cone microstructure returns to the viewer side in a mutually intersecting manner, thereby widening the viewing angle in the horizontal and vertical directions. In addition, the diffusion layer 40 can further diffuse the outgoing light, thereby enabling further expansion of the viewing angle. Compared with the existing trapezoidal microstructure, the invention can increase the visual angle in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a case where ambient light is incident on the projection screen. As shown in fig. 5, a portion of the ambient light a2 directly enters the surface of the truncated cone microstructure of the functional layer 20, which is in contact with the light absorbing layer 30, and is absorbed by the light absorbing layer 30, and another portion of the ambient light a1 does not directly enter the surface of the functional layer 20, which is in contact with the light absorbing layer 30, but enters the reflective surface of the truncated cone microstructure of the functional layer 20, and is reflected by the reflective surface, and then enters the surface of the truncated cone microstructure and the light absorbing layer 30, and is absorbed by the light absorbing layer 30.
As can be seen from fig. 5, the ambient light ray a2 perpendicular to the plane of the screen is directly absorbed by the light absorbing layer 30, while the partial ambient light ray a1 that deviates from the normal of the plane of the screen is reflected by the reflecting surface and then absorbed by the light absorbing layer 30. The high angle ambient light ray a1 is therefore absorbed by the light absorbing layer 30 as is ambient light ray a 2.
Therefore, in the present invention, the absorption of the ambient light incident from multiple angles is considered, so that the truncated cone microstructure is adopted in the functional layer 20, so that the light absorbing layer can absorb the ambient light incident from various angles, and 360-degree ambient light resistance is realized, thereby greatly improving the contrast of the projection screen.
The principle of reflecting light rays in the projection screen with the functional layer 20 microstructures having different cone angles is described with reference to fig. 6 and 7;
fig. 6 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the microstructure of the functional layer in the projection screen, wherein the cross-sectional view is a trapezoid, and an extension angle θ between two waists of the trapezoid is an acute angle. Since the projection light from the projector, which is incident perpendicularly to the screen plane (the light from the tele projector corresponds to perpendicular incidence), is reflected on the lands of the functional layer 20, the reflected light is no longer parallel to the direction perpendicular to the screen plane. Thereby giving the functional layer 20 the effect of diffusing the projection light.
In fig. 6, the cross-sectional view of the functional layer 20 is a trapezoid, where the angle between the incident projection light and the waist of the trapezoid is σ, and the angle between the reflected emergent light and the normal direction perpendicular to the screen plane is α1And alpha2In which α is1＝α2If the angle between the reflected light reflected by one waist of the trapezoid and the normal of the other waist is ω, then the geometrical relationship shown in fig. 6 indicates that:
Figure BDA0001818370980000071
α2＝180-2θ
let the refractive index of the material outside the functional layer 20 be n1The refractive index of the material constituting the functional layer 20 is n2To satisfy the total reflection condition, the following relationship needs to be satisfied:
Figure BDA0001818370980000072
Figure BDA0001818370980000073
therefore, the extension angle θ between the two waists of the trapezoidal section of the functional layer 20 is required to satisfy the following relationship:
Figure BDA0001818370980000074
angle alpha between emergent ray and normal direction perpendicular to screen plane2Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0001818370980000081
therefore, the refractive index n depends on the material constituting the functional layer 202And refractive index n of the outer material1The appropriate angle θ can be confirmed and the diffusion angle obtained by the functional layer 20 can be calculated.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the microstructure of the functional layer in the projection screen, wherein the cross-sectional view is a trapezoid, and an included angle θ between extensions of two waists of the trapezoid is an obtuse angle. Since the projection light from the projector, which is incident perpendicularly to the screen plane (tele projector), is reflected on the lands of the functional layer 20, the reflected light is no longer parallel to the direction perpendicular to the screen plane. Thereby allowing the functional layer 20 to have the effect of diffusing the projection light.
In fig. 7, the cross-sectional view of the functional layer 20 is a trapezoid, where the angle between the incident projection light and the waist of the trapezoid is σ, and the angle between the reflected emergent light and the normal direction perpendicular to the screen plane is α1And alpha2In which α is1＝α2If the angle between the reflected light reflected by one waist of the trapezoid and the normal of the other waist is ω, then the geometrical relationship shown in fig. 7 indicates that:
α1＝2θ-180
Figure BDA0001818370980000082
let the refractive index of the material outside the functional layer 20 be n1The refractive index of the material constituting the functional layer 20 is n2To satisfy the total reflection condition, thenThe following relationship needs to be satisfied:
Figure BDA0001818370980000083
Figure BDA0001818370980000084
therefore, the extension angle θ between the two waists of the trapezoidal section of the functional layer 20 is required to satisfy the following relationship:
Figure BDA0001818370980000085
the angle alpha between the emergent ray and the normal direction perpendicular to the screen1Satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0001818370980000091
therefore, the refractive index n depends on the material constituting the functional layer 202And refractive index n of the mesa outer material of the functional layer 201The appropriate angle θ can be confirmed and the diffusion angle obtained by the functional layer 20 can be calculated.
As can be seen from the above description of the structure, principle, etc. of the projection screen according to the present invention, the projection screen according to the present invention is used in cooperation with a telephoto projector, so that the emergent light reflected by the functional layer has a diffusion angle. Meanwhile, the full functional layer is used together with diffusion materials such as a diffusion layer or a bulk diffusion film formed on the surface of the screen, so that the visual angle of the screen can be effectively enlarged.
In addition, the functional layer of the invention uses the truncated cone microstructure, thereby taking into account the incident ambient light of a plurality of angles, enabling the black light absorption layer to absorb more ambient light, and further remarkably improving the contrast of the screen.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and changes may be made within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents depending on design requirements and other factors.

Claims (8)

1. A projection screen comprises a substrate, a functional layer and a light absorption layer for absorbing light rays, wherein the substrate, the functional layer and the light absorption layer are arranged in sequence from a light incidence side;
the functional layer comprises a plurality of microstructures connected with the surface of the light absorption layer, the microstructures are used for reflecting incident projection light, the microstructures reflect part of ambient light incident from multiple angles to the light absorption layer, each microstructure is of a circular truncated cone or elliptical table structure, and the microstructures are distributed in a mode of being periodically arranged in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction.
2. The projection screen of claim 1, wherein the microstructure is provided with a reflective layer facing the light absorbing layer, the reflective layer being a metallic reflective layer or a diffuse reflective layer.
3. The projection screen of claim 1, wherein gaps are present between the microstructures, the gaps being air gaps.
4. The projection screen of claim 1, wherein gaps exist between the microstructures, and the gaps are filled with a transparent material having a refractive index less than the refractive index of the microstructures.
5. The projection screen of claim 1, wherein the projection screen further comprises a diffusion layer disposed on a light emitting surface of a substrate, the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, and the functional layer and the diffusion layer are integrally formed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate.
6. The projection screen of claim 1, wherein the projection screen further comprises a diffusion layer disposed on a light emitting surface of the substrate, the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface, and the functional layer and the diffusion layer are formed on the first surface and the second surface of the substrate in a bonding manner.
7. The projection screen of any of claims 5-6, wherein the diffusion layer is a bulk diffusion structure or an area diffusion structure.
8. A projection system, comprising:
the projection screen, wherein the projection screen is according to any one of claims 1-7; and
a tele projector that emits projection light from the light incident side toward the projection screen.
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CN118068641A (en) * 2024-02-19 2024-05-24 湖北宜美特全息科技有限公司 High-gain light-resistant projection curtain and manufacturing method thereof

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