CN110966960A - Optical imaging system - Google Patents
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- CN110966960A CN110966960A CN201911419010.8A CN201911419010A CN110966960A CN 110966960 A CN110966960 A CN 110966960A CN 201911419010 A CN201911419010 A CN 201911419010A CN 110966960 A CN110966960 A CN 110966960A
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- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/2441—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures using interferometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/50—Depth or shape recovery
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- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an optical imaging system which is characterized by comprising a light-emitting module, an acquisition module and a reconstruction module, wherein the light-emitting module comprises a coupler, the coupler is used for emitting a plurality of coherent light beams and projecting the plurality of coherent light beams to an object to be measured, the acquisition module is used for acquiring an interference image of the object to be measured after being irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams, and the reconstruction module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and used for reconstructing a three-dimensional profile of the object to be measured according to the interference image. The coupler is adopted to emit a plurality of beams of coherent light, the coupler comprises the optical fiber, so that a light path irradiating to an object to be detected is controllable, the coupler can deeply penetrate into the object to scan and measure the object, a tiny object can be scanned and imaged, the coupler emits the coherent light to obtain an interference image of the object to be detected, the precision is high, and a clear three-dimensional image of the object to be detected can be obtained according to the high-precision interference image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to an optical imaging system.
Background
An optical scanning device is a device that uses a collimated beam for non-contact target object scanning ranging. The target object can be scanned over the whole area by moving the optical scanning device. Compared with means such as ultrasonic waves and image detection, the optical scanning device has the advantages of high scanning and distance measuring precision, high distance measuring speed and the like, so that the optical scanning device is widely applied to the fields of industrial design, movie and television and game manufacturing, mold manufacturing, medical shaping, cultural relic archaeology and the like. The existing optical scanning device can not obtain clear three-dimensional images of tiny objects generally, and the application of the optical scanning device is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide an optical imaging system for solving the problems that the conventional optical scanning device generally cannot acquire a clear three-dimensional image of a tiny object and the application of the optical scanning device is limited.
An optical imaging system comprising:
the light emitting module comprises a coupler, and the coupler is used for emitting a plurality of beams of coherent light and projecting the plurality of beams of coherent light to an object to be measured;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an interference image of the object to be detected after being irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams; and
and the reconstruction module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and is used for reconstructing the three-dimensional profile of the object to be detected according to the interference image.
In one embodiment, the reconstruction module comprises:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the depth of each point to be measured of the interference image;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring two-dimensional coordinates of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image; and
and the reconstruction unit is used for calculating the depth of each point to be measured of the interference image and the two-dimensional coordinate of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image so as to reconstruct the three-dimensional profile of the object to be measured.
In one embodiment, the first obtaining unit includes:
the selecting unit is used for selecting any point to be measured on the interference image as a reference point;
a first calculation unit for calculating a distance between two light spots closest to the reference point;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the distance between two light spots closest to each point to be measured on the interference image;
and the third calculating unit is used for calculating the depth of the point according to the distance between the two light spots closest to the reference point and the distance between the two light spots closest to each point to be measured on the interference image.
In one embodiment, the light-emitting module further comprises a light source for emitting coherent light; one end of the coupler is connected with the light source, and the other end of the coupler is used as an output end face of the plurality of coherent light beams.
In one embodiment, the light source comprises a semiconductor laser.
In one embodiment, the end of the coupler remote from the light source comprises a plurality of optical fibers.
In one embodiment, the plurality of optical fibers at the end of the coupler remote from the light source are the same size.
In one embodiment, the collection module is disposed at an end of the coupler away from the light source.
In one embodiment, the acquisition module comprises a camera.
In one embodiment, an optical filter is arranged on the camera.
In the optical imaging system, the light emitting module comprises a coupler, the coupler emits a plurality of coherent light beams and projects the plurality of coherent light beams to the object to be measured, the collecting module collects an interference image of the object to be measured after the object to be measured is irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams, and the reconstructing module reconstructs the three-dimensional profile of the object to be measured according to the interference image. The coupler is adopted to emit a plurality of beams of coherent light, the coupler comprises the optical fiber, so that a light path irradiating to an object to be detected is controllable, the coupler can deeply penetrate into the object to scan and measure the object, a tiny object can be scanned and imaged, the coupler emits the coherent light to obtain an interference image of the object to be detected, the precision is high, and a clear three-dimensional image of the object to be detected can be obtained according to the high-precision interference image.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an optical imaging system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical imaging system in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a reconstruction module in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a first acquisition unit in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the coordinates of an end face of an optical fiber in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of coordinates of an image plane in an embodiment;
fig. 7 is a dot matrix diagram in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least one, e.g., one, two, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on methods or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an optical imaging system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light emitting module 10, an acquisition module 20, and a reconstruction module 30. The light-emitting module 10 includes a coupler 13, and the coupler 13 is configured to emit a plurality of coherent light beams and project the plurality of coherent light beams to the object 100 to be measured. The collecting module 20 is configured to collect an interference image of the object 100 to be measured after being irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams. The reconstruction module 30 is electrically connected to the acquisition module 20, and is configured to reconstruct a three-dimensional profile of the object 100 according to the interference image.
The light extraction module 10 further comprises a light source 12, the light source 12 being configured to emit coherent light. The coupler 13 has one end connected to the light source 12 and the other end serving as an output end surface 11 for the plurality of coherent light beams. The light source 12 may include a semiconductor laser, the semiconductor laser emits coherent laser, and the semiconductor laser is used as the light source 12, so that the emitted coherent laser is stable and has good coherence, and the semiconductor laser has the advantages of small volume and long service life.
Both ends of the coupler 13 are optical fibers, one end connected with the light source 12 is an optical fiber, and the other end is a plurality of optical fibers. The end of the coupler 13 connected to the light source 12 inputs the single light beam emitted from the light source 12, and each optical fiber at the other end is used for outputting a coherent light beam, that is, the light beams emitted from the output end face 11 of the coupler 13 far away from the light source 12 have the same vibration direction, the same vibration frequency, the same phase or constant phase difference. In one embodiment, the plurality of optical fibers at the end of the coupler 13 away from the light source 12 are the same size, so as to ensure that the light beam emitted from the end surface of each optical fiber away from the coupler 13 is coherent light. Further, the number of the optical fibers may be 3, 4 or other numbers, which are not limited herein. The coupler 13 is adopted to transmit the coherent light emitted by the light source 12, and the optical fiber is flexible and bendable, so that the light-emitting end face of the optical fiber can deeply enter the object 100 to be detected to scan the object without being limited by the shielding of the surface of the object, and the optical path is controllable, high in reliability and low in cost.
The collecting module 20 is disposed at one end of the coupler 13 far away from the light source 12, so that the collecting module 20 can move along with the movement of the optical fiber, the emission of the coherent light and the collection of the interference image can be performed synchronously, and the precision of the collected image is improved. In an embodiment, the collecting module 20 includes a camera, which may be a pinhole camera, and the pinhole camera cooperates with the optical fiber to perform three-dimensional scanning on the object 100 to be measured with a micro structure. Furthermore, an optical filter is arranged on the camera, so that ambient light can be filtered, and the accuracy of the acquired image is higher.
Referring to fig. 3, the reconstruction module 30 includes a first obtaining unit 31, a second obtaining unit 32 and a reconstructing unit 33.
The first acquisition unit 31 is used for acquiring the depth of each point to be measured of the interference image. The second acquiring unit 32 is used for acquiring two-dimensional coordinates of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image. The reconstruction unit 33 is configured to calculate a depth of each point to be measured of the interference image and a two-dimensional coordinate of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image, so as to reconstruct a three-dimensional profile of the object 100 to be measured. The interference image acquired by the acquisition module 20 is a two-dimensional image, the interference image includes a plurality of points, and the position of each point to be measured on the two-dimensional plane of the interference image can be represented by a two-dimensional coordinate. The depth of each point to be measured is a third coordinate calculated according to the interference image, the depth of each point to be measured is different from the two-dimensional coordinate of the point, and the depth of each point to be measured and the two-dimensional coordinate of the point together form a three-dimensional coordinate of the corresponding point on the object 100 to be measured. The depth of each point to be measured reflects the height modulation of the point and the reference point.
Referring to fig. 4, the first obtaining unit 31 includes a selecting unit 311, a first calculating unit 312, a second calculating unit 313 and a third calculating unit 314. The selecting unit 311 is configured to select any point to be measured on the interference image as a reference point. The first calculation unit 312 is used to calculate the distance between the two light spots closest to the reference point. The second calculation unit 313 is used for calculating the distance between the two light spots on the interference image that are closest to each point to be measured. The depth of each point to be measured on the interference image is related to the distance between the two light spots closest to that point. The third calculating unit 314 is used for calculating the depth of the point according to the distance between the two spot points closest to the reference point and the distance between the two spot points closest to each point to be measured on the interference image.
The depth information of the object 100 to be detected is calculated through the two-dimensional interference image, and then the three-dimensional profile of the object 100 to be detected is constructed according to the two-dimensional interference image and the depth information of the object 100 to be detected, so that the data processing is simple, the calculation precision is high, and the clear three-dimensional profile of the object 100 to be detected can be reconstructed.
The relationship between the depth of each point to be measured on the interference image and the distance between two spot points closest to the point to be measured is described below by an embodiment.
Referring to fig. 5, in the embodiment, the number of the optical fibers at the end of the coupler 13 far from the light source 12 is 3, the end face of each optical fiber is circular, the centers of the circles of the 3 optical fiber end faces are taken as vertexes to form an equilateral triangle with a side length a, a two-dimensional coordinate system is established with the geometric center of the equilateral triangle as the origin coordinate, and the coordinates of the centers of the circles of the 3 optical fiber end faces are respectivelyAndas shown in fig. 6 and 7, assuming that three paths of light emitted from the end faces of 3 optical fibers form an interference dot matrix pattern on an image plane u, distances between any point p (x, y) to be measured on the image plane u and centers of circles of the end faces of the 3 optical fibers are: and
then r is1+r2≈r1+r3≈r2+r3≈2D
Where r1, r2, and r3 are the distances between the centers of the 3 fiber end faces and the point p (x, y), and D is the distance between the fiber end face and the image plane u. According to the interference principle of light, the total light intensity of the point p (x, y) is:
where λ is the wavelength of the light wave emitted by the light source 12, Δ is the optical path difference, δ21,δ31,δ32For intrinsic phase difference, approximately delta21=δ31=δ32At 0, therefore, the amount of the solvent,
thus, the distance between two adjacent spots on the bitmap is:
because the distance between two adjacent light spots on the dot matrix chart can be obtained from the dot matrix chart, and two light spots closest to any point to be measured on the dot matrix chart are necessarily adjacent, therefore,
the depth of each point to be measured on the interference image is:wherein D0 is the distance between two light spot points closest to the reference point, D1 is the distance between two light spot points closest to each point to be measured on the interference image, D0 is the distance between the object point to be measured corresponding to the reference point and the end face of the optical fiber, and D1 is the distance between the object point to be measured and the end face of the optical fiber. When the reference point is selected, D0 is known.
As can be seen from this embodiment, the depth of each point to be measured on the interference image is determined by the distance between the two spot points closest to it.
In the optical imaging system of the present application, the light emitting module 10 includes a coupler, the coupler emits a plurality of coherent light beams and projects the plurality of coherent light beams to the object 100 to be measured, the collecting module 20 collects an interference image of the object 100 to be measured after being irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams, and the reconstructing module 30 reconstructs a three-dimensional profile of the object 100 to be measured according to the interference image. The coupler is used for emitting a plurality of beams of coherent light, the coupler comprises an optical fiber, so that a light path irradiated to the object 100 to be detected is controllable, the coupler can penetrate into the object to scan and measure the object, a tiny object can be scanned and imaged, the coupler emits the coherent light to obtain an interference image of the object 100 to be detected, the precision is high, and a clear three-dimensional image of the object 100 to be detected can be obtained according to the high-precision interference image.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An optical imaging system, comprising:
the light emitting module comprises a coupler, and the coupler is used for emitting a plurality of beams of coherent light and projecting the plurality of beams of coherent light to an object to be measured;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring an interference image of the object to be detected after being irradiated by the plurality of coherent light beams; and
and the reconstruction module is electrically connected with the acquisition module and is used for reconstructing the three-dimensional profile of the object to be detected according to the interference image.
2. The optical imaging system of claim 1, wherein the reconstruction module comprises:
the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring the depth of each point to be measured of the interference image;
the second acquisition unit is used for acquiring two-dimensional coordinates of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image; and
and the reconstruction unit is used for calculating the depth of each point to be measured of the interference image and the two-dimensional coordinate of each point to be measured of the interference image on the interference image so as to reconstruct the three-dimensional profile of the object to be measured.
3. The optical imaging system of claim 1, wherein the first acquisition unit comprises:
the selecting unit is used for selecting any point to be measured on the interference image as a reference point;
a first calculation unit for calculating a distance between two light spots closest to the reference point;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the distance between two light spots closest to each point to be measured on the interference image;
and the third calculating unit is used for calculating the depth of the point according to the distance between the two light spots closest to the reference point and the distance between the two light spots closest to each point to be measured on the interference image.
4. The optical imaging system of claim 1, wherein the light extraction module further comprises a light source for emitting coherent light; one end of the coupler is connected with the light source, and the other end of the coupler is used as an output end face of the plurality of coherent light beams.
5. The optical imaging system of claim 4, wherein the light source comprises a semiconductor laser.
6. The optical imaging system of claim 4, wherein an end of the coupler distal from the light source comprises a plurality of optical fibers.
7. The optical imaging system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of optical fibers at the end of the coupler distal from the light source are the same size.
8. The optical imaging system of claim 4, wherein the collection module is disposed at an end of the coupler distal from the light source.
9. The optical imaging system of claim 8, wherein the acquisition module comprises a camera.
10. The optical imaging system of claim 9, wherein an optical filter is disposed on the camera head.
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