CN110966015A

CN110966015A - Drilling device for ground deep hole blasting

Info

Publication number: CN110966015A
Application number: CN201911328160.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康卫; 刘双红; 李冬; 付小畅; 赵金鹏; 雪斌; 蒋蕤
Original assignee: China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Corp Ltd
Current assignee: China Construction Fourth Engineering Division Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-20
Filing date: 2019-12-20
Publication date: 2020-04-07

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling device for ground deep hole blasting, which comprises a fixed platform, a sliding seat, a drilling machine, a screw, a drill bit and an auxiliary cylinder, wherein the fixed platform is fixed on the sliding seat; one side of the sliding seat is provided with a hinge joint, the sliding seat is hinged on the fixed platform through the hinge joint, an auxiliary cylinder is connected between the sliding seat and the fixed platform, and the elevation angle of the sliding seat is adjusted through the auxiliary cylinder; the drilling machine is arranged on the sliding seat and can move up and down along the sliding seat, an output shaft of the drilling machine is connected with a screw rod, and a drill bit is fixed at the tail end of the screw rod; the diameter of the screw is smaller than that of the drill bit, a plurality of fixed bearings are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the screw along the axial direction, at least two telescopic roller assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring of each fixed bearing along the radial direction, the roller assemblies can be radially contracted or popped out along the fixed bearings under the action of external force, and the diameter of the outer ring surrounded by the roller assemblies is larger than that of the drill bit under the popping state. The invention can avoid the drill bit swinging problem caused by the screw torque in the drill bit rotating process, thereby ensuring more accurate drilling standard.

Description

Drilling device for ground deep hole blasting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of blasting construction, in particular to a drilling device for ground deep hole blasting.

Background

At present, underground tunnels and underground space development are in hot tide periods, a shield construction technology is used as a main construction means, and due to the fact that regions are different in the shield construction process, single strata, composite strata, special strata and the like can appear in the strata in the shield construction process. Before the shield machine is adopted for starting, geological exploration needs to be made in advance, the existence range of the boulder, the strength of the boulder, the position relation with the surrounding environment of the tunnel and the like are determined, ground deep hole pre-blasting treatment is adopted in advance after the geological exploration is clear, shield tunneling is adopted after the blasting treatment, and the tunneling process is carried out according to the tunneling condition for tool changing. Through carrying out detailed exploration and secondary supplementary exploration to interval geology, it has globular granite to discover to have in the shield tunnel body scope, influences the shield and constructs the construction, needs to handle globular granite in advance. In the engineering, deep hole blasting is generally carried out by adopting ground drilling, and the deep hole blasting is crushed into broken stones so as to ensure that the shield machine can safely and smoothly pass through. According to the thickness and strength change of rock mass and the requirements of surface building and pipeline protection, continuous charging structure or sectional spaced charging is respectively adopted. After the blasting operation process can refer to the data for trial blasting, the blasting parameters are adjusted according to the blasting vibration condition and the blasting effect. Because the boulder is deep in burial depth (about 15-23 m), large in size, large in thickness and the like, in order to facilitate construction and blasting crushing effects, the edge holes are blasted firstly, then the edge holes are used for blasting and extruding free surfaces generated by surrounding soil layers, and then the middle holes are detonated one by one. Because the thickness of the rock is uneven, errors generated in the measurement and the cartridge hoisting process are considered (the accumulated error cannot exceed 10cm), and the charging length is the same as the thickness of the rock when a single-hole single body is blasted during the boulder blasting; when the porous monomer is exploded, two adjacent blast holes are drilled to the bottom surface of the boulder (namely drilling through), the powder is charged to the bottom of the blast hole, 10cm of non-charged powder is reserved on the top surface of the boulder, the distance between the bottom surface of the adjacent hole and the bottom surface of the boulder is 10cm, the powder is charged to the bottom of the blast hole, and 10cm of non-charged powder is reserved on the top surface of the boulder. Because the depth of the blast hole is deeper and the buried depth of the rock to be blasted is deeper, the blasting cartridge is suspended at the position of a blasting point by adopting a flexible steel wire, one end of the blasting cartridge is fixed at the position of the orifice, and the elevation error is less than or equal to 10 cm. The explosive is packed in a special ϕ 75mm PVC tube, and the detonating body has good waterproof performance. Because the water column with the height of about 15-20 m is arranged above the detonating body, the pressure intensity is quite large, and therefore the detonating body needs to be balanced and float resistant. The blast holes are detonated by adopting positive charge, a non-electric blasting network is selected for the detonation, an exciting needle is adopted for the detonation, each blast hole is provided with two detonators which respectively belong to the two blasting networks, and the two networks are detonated after being connected in parallel.

In order to realize the above engineering, the drilling of the blast hole is very important, for the blast point, the blast hole can not be drilled by more errors, the drilling depth of the blast hole also needs to be strictly controlled, the current common drilling equipment usually comprises a drill bit, a screw rod and a drive, the drilling depth can be only roughly estimated in the drilling process, so that the drilling depth does not reach the standard, and meanwhile, the drill bit swings after the screw rod is increased due to the fact that the drill hole is deeper in the drilling process, so that the size of the finally drilled blast hole does not reach the standard.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a drilling device for ground deep hole blasting, which can be used for improving the problem of drill bit swing caused by torque in the transmission process due to too long screw rod in the drilling process of the prior drilling machine, thereby improving the drilling precision and enabling the drilling precision to better meet the design standard.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a drilling device for ground deep hole blasting comprises a fixed platform, a sliding seat, a drilling machine, a screw, a drill bit and an auxiliary cylinder;

a hinge joint is arranged on one side of the sliding seat, the sliding seat is hinged on the fixed platform through the hinge joint, the auxiliary cylinder is connected between the sliding seat and the fixed platform, and the elevation angle of the sliding seat is adjusted through the auxiliary cylinder;

the drilling machine is arranged on the sliding seat and can move up and down along the sliding seat, an output shaft of the drilling machine is connected with the screw rod, and the tail end of the screw rod is used for fixing the drill bit;

the diameter of the screw is smaller than that of the drill bit, a plurality of fixed bearings are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the screw along the axial direction, at least two telescopic roller assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring of each fixed bearing along the radial direction, the roller assemblies can be radially contracted or popped out along the fixed bearings under the action of external force, and the diameter of the outer ring formed by the roller assemblies is larger than that of the drill bit in the popped-out state.

When deep hole drilling is involved in a traditional drilling machine, a plurality of screws are required to be adopted for butt joint, the size of a drilled hole is generally larger than that of the screws, meanwhile, the screws are spliced, so that the linearity of the screws cannot be guaranteed to be 100% straight, and the swing amplitude of a drill bit is large in the drilling process, so that the drilling quality is directly influenced. This scheme sets up fixing bearing in order to solve the swing that the screw rod caused because of the moment of torsion overlength, sets up elastic supporting wheel outside the fixing bearing, and at the rotation of the in-process screw rod that creeps into, the supporting wheel is tangent also rotates thereupon with the drilling inner wall simultaneously to form a dynamic support, set up a plurality ofly along the axial on the screw rod, can guarantee that its axis of screw rod rotation in-process keeps relatively stable, thereby eliminate the big pivot angle of drill bit.

Further, the roller assembly consists of a U-shaped supporting plate, a telescopic part, a roller and a spring, the U-shaped supporting plate is fixed along the radial direction of the outer ring of the fixed bearing, and a sliding groove is formed in the inner side of the U-shaped supporting plate along the radial direction of the fixed bearing;

the roller is arranged on the telescopic piece, sliding strips are respectively fixed on two sides of the telescopic piece, the telescopic piece is positioned between the U-shaped supporting plates, and the sliding strips are embedded into the sliding grooves on the side of the telescopic piece, so that the telescopic piece can radially extend and retract along the fixed bearing in the U-shaped supporting plates;

the spring is located between the bottom of the inner side of the U-shaped supporting plate and the telescopic piece, so that when external force is not applied, the telescopic piece radially pops the roller out along the fixed bearing. The structure can be simpler by adopting the U-shaped supporting plate, and the elastic support of the roller can be realized only by the spring.

Furthermore, the end face of the telescopic piece is provided with a fixed column, one end of the spring is fixed on the fixed column, and the other end of the spring is abutted against the bottom of the inner side of the U-shaped supporting plate.

Furthermore, the sliding strips on the two sides of the telescopic piece are symmetrical with each other, and the sliding strips are symmetrical with each other, so that the telescopic piece can be stably carried out in the extending and retracting process, and shaking is avoided.

Further, the drilling machine is driven on the sliding seat to move up and down along the sliding seat through the air cylinder. The design mainly meets the requirement that the drilling machine gradually moves along with the depth of the screw rod when drilling.

Further, the slide is provided with the slide rail along the axial, and the rig erects on the slide rail, the rig is provided with a limiting plate, the limiting plate with the slide left and right sides butt guarantees that the rig can be steady follow the slide rail slides.

Further, the slide end is provided with the second limiting plate, the second limiting plate adopts the concatenation formula to constitute, including left board and right board, left side board and right board are articulated with the slide end respectively, and its concatenation department forms the through-hole, the screw rod is stretched out by the through-hole. Can guarantee through the second limiting plate that the junction of screw rod and rig output shaft can steadily dock.

Furthermore, the left plate and the right plate are fixed through a buckle or a bolt.

Furthermore, the slide elevation angle adjusting range is 0-90 degrees, namely the scheme can be used for drilling deep holes at different angles.

Furthermore, fixed platform sets up on mount or vehicle, and when erectting at the vehicle, whole equipment branch of academic or vocational study removed along with the vehicle, and present current large-scale rig all adopts this structure, and its advantage lies in the removal convenience.

Compared with the traditional drilling machine, the invention has the beneficial effects that: through setting up fixing bearing at the screw rod axial, then guarantee the drilling in-process through the gyro wheel on the fixing bearing, fixing bearing rotates and makes the gyro wheel form a dynamic support to guarantee the steady of screw rod rotation axis, eliminated the too big problem of traditional rig drill bit swing amplitude, this scheme still combines the slide to realize the steady progressive of rig simultaneously, compares in its stability of prior art better.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a screw configuration;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the roller assembly;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the telescopic member and the roller;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the inner side structure of the U-shaped supporting plate;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the second stopper plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

As shown in fig. 1, the drilling device for ground deep hole blasting comprises a fixed platform 1, a sliding seat 2, a drilling machine 3, a screw 4, a drill bit 5 and an auxiliary cylinder 6. The sliding seat 2 is essentially a sliding seat, the length of the sliding seat can be designed according to the model of a product, a hinge joint 7 is arranged on one side of the sliding seat 2, the sliding seat 2 is hinged on the fixed platform 1 through the hinge joint 7, and the fixed platform 1 is arranged on a fixed frame or a vehicle. An auxiliary cylinder 6 is connected between the sliding seat 2 and the fixed platform 1, the elevation angle of the sliding seat 2 is adjusted through the auxiliary cylinder 6, and the adjustment range of the elevation angle of the sliding seat 2 is 0-90 degrees. Slide 2 is provided with the slide rail along the axial, and rig 3 erects on the slide rail, can follow slide 2 and reciprocate, and rig 3 is provided with a limiting plate 8, and limiting plate 8 and the 2 left and right sides butt of slide guarantee that rig 3 can be steady slide along the slide rail. An output shaft of the drilling machine 3 is connected with a screw rod 4, and a drill bit 5 is fixed at the tail end of the screw rod 4; the diameter of the screw rod 4 is smaller than that of the drill bit 5, a plurality of fixed bearings 8 are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the screw rod 4 along the axial direction, inner rings of the fixed bearings 8 are welded and fixed on the screw rod 4, or the inner ring of the fixed bearing 8 and the screw rod 4 are integrally formed and integrally opened. At least two telescopic roller assemblies 100 are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring of the fixed bearing 8 along the radial direction, the roller assemblies 100 can be contracted or popped out along the radial direction of the fixed bearing 8 under the action of external force, the diameter of the outer ring formed by the roller assemblies 100 is larger than that of the drill bit 5 in the popping state, the installation mode of the roller assemblies 100 can be shown in figure 2, and one roller assembly 100 is required to be arranged at intervals of 50-100cm on the screw rod 4 in general. As shown in fig. 3, as a preferred embodiment, the roller assembly 100 is composed of a U-shaped support plate 101, a telescopic member 102, a roller 103, and a spring 104, the U-shaped support plate 101 is fixed along the radial direction of the outer ring of the fixed bearing 8, in this embodiment, two roller assemblies 100 are designed for each fixed bearing 8, and therefore, the two roller assemblies 100 include two U-shaped support plates 101, the U-shaped support plates 101 are symmetrically installed on the outer ring of the fixed bearing 8, and the opening of the U-shaped support plates 101 is opened radially outward from the center of the fixed bearing 8. The inner side of the U-shaped supporting plate 101 is provided with a sliding slot 113 along the radial direction of the fixed bearing 8, and the structure thereof can be seen with reference to fig. 5. The rollers 103 are mounted on the telescoping member 102 and are configured as shown in reference to fig. 4. In the embodiment, the retractable member 102 is also designed as a U-shaped plate, but other known structures for mounting the roller 103 can be used in the present embodiment. The two sides of the telescopic part 102 are respectively fixed with a sliding strip 111, the telescopic part 102 is positioned between the U-shaped supporting plates 101, and the sliding strip 111 is embedded in a sliding groove 113 at the side, so that the telescopic part 102 can radially extend and retract along the fixed bearing 8 in the U-shaped supporting plate 101; the spring 104 is located between the bottom of the inner side of the U-shaped support plate 101 and the extensible member 102, so that when external force is not applied, the extensible member 102 radially ejects the roller 103 along the fixed bearing 8, the structural schematic diagram in the ejection state can refer to fig. 3, the roller 103 is horizontally arranged, the rotating surface of the roller is parallel to the rotating surface of the outer ring of the fixed bearing 8, so that the screw 4 rotates in the process, the two rollers 103 rotate around the axis of the screw 4, under high-speed rotation, which is equivalent to the fact that the rollers 103 are uniformly distributed in one circle of the screw 4, the roller 103 is abutted to the inner wall of a drill hole, and a limit support for the screw 4 is formed, so that the axis of the screw 4 keeps stable transmission all the time in the rotation process.

As a preferred embodiment, the end face of the telescopic member 102 is provided with a fixed column 112, one end of the spring 104 is fixed on the fixed column 112, the other end of the spring is abutted with the inner bottom of the U-shaped supporting plate 101, the sliding bars 111 at two sides of the telescopic member 102 are symmetrical with each other, and the drilling machine 3 is driven by a cylinder on the sliding seat 2 to move up and down along the sliding seat 2. The slide 2 end is provided with second limiting plate 9, as shown in fig. 6, second limiting plate 9 adopts the concatenation formula to constitute, including left board 91 and right board 92, left board 91 and right board 92 are articulated with slide 2 end respectively, and its concatenation department forms through-hole 93, and screw rod 4 is stretched out by through-hole 93. The left plate 91 and the right plate 92 are fixed by a buckle or a bolt.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to other embodiments, and to various other combinations, modifications, and environments and may be modified within the scope of the inventive concept as described herein by the teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A drilling device for ground deep hole blasting is characterized by comprising a fixed platform (1), a sliding seat (2), a drilling machine (3), a screw (4), a drill bit (5) and an auxiliary cylinder (6);

a hinge joint (7) is arranged on one side of the sliding seat (2), the sliding seat (2) is hinged on the fixed platform (1) through the hinge joint (7), the auxiliary cylinder (6) is connected between the sliding seat (2) and the fixed platform (1), and the elevation angle of the sliding seat (2) is adjusted through the auxiliary cylinder (6);

the drilling machine (3) is arranged on the sliding seat (2) and can move up and down along the sliding seat (2), an output shaft of the drilling machine (3) is connected with the screw (4), and the drill bit (5) is fixed at the tail end of the screw (4);

the diameter of the screw rod (4) is smaller than that of the drill bit (5), a plurality of fixed bearings (8) are sequentially and coaxially arranged on the screw rod (4) along the axial direction, at least two telescopic roller assemblies (100) are symmetrically arranged on the outer rings of the fixed bearings (8) along the radial direction, the roller assemblies (100) can be radially contracted or popped out along the fixed bearings (8) under the action of external force, and the diameter of the outer ring surrounded by the roller assemblies (100) is larger than that of the drill bit (5) under the popping state.

2. The drilling device for ground deep hole blasting according to claim 1, wherein the roller assembly (100) comprises a U-shaped support plate (101), a telescopic member (102), a roller (103) and a spring (104), the U-shaped support plate (101) is radially fixed along an outer ring of the fixed bearing (8), and a sliding groove (113) is formed in the inner side of the U-shaped support plate (101) along the radial direction of the fixed bearing (8);

the roller (103) is installed on the telescopic piece (102), sliding strips (111) are respectively fixed on two sides of the telescopic piece (102), the telescopic piece (102) is located between the U-shaped supporting plates (101), and the sliding strips (111) are embedded into sliding grooves (113) on the side where the sliding strips are located, so that the telescopic piece (102) can radially extend and retract along the fixed bearing (8) in the U-shaped supporting plates (101);

the spring (104) is positioned between the bottom of the inner side of the U-shaped supporting plate (101) and the telescopic piece (102), so that when external force is not applied, the telescopic piece (102) can radially eject the roller (103) along the fixed bearing (8).

3. The drilling device for deep hole blasting on the ground according to claim 2, wherein the end face of the telescopic member (102) is provided with a fixed column (112), one end of the spring (104) is fixed on the fixed column (112), and the other end of the spring is abutted against the bottom of the inner side of the U-shaped support plate (101).

4. A drilling device for deep hole ground blasting according to claim 3, wherein the sliding strips (111) on both sides of the telescopic member (102) are symmetrical to each other.

5. A drilling device for deep hole ground blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling machine (3) is driven by a cylinder on the slide (2) to move up and down along the slide (2).

6. The drilling device for ground deep hole blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide base (2) is axially provided with a slide rail on which the drilling machine (3) is arranged, the drilling machine (3) is provided with a limiting plate (8), and the limiting plate (8) is abutted against the left side and the right side of the slide base (2) to ensure that the drilling machine (3) can smoothly slide along the slide rail.

7. The drilling device for deep-hole ground blasting according to claim 6, wherein a second limiting plate (9) is arranged at the tail end of the sliding seat (2), the second limiting plate (9) is formed by splicing and comprises a left plate (91) and a right plate (92), the left plate (91) and the right plate (92) are respectively hinged with the tail end of the sliding seat (2), a through hole (93) is formed at the splicing position, and the screw rod (4) extends out of the through hole (93).

8. The drilling device for deep hole ground blasting according to claim 7, wherein the left plate (91) and the right plate (92) are fixed by a buckle or a bolt.

9. Drilling device for deep hole ground blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide (2) is adjustable in elevation angle in the range of 0-90 °.

10. Drilling device for deep hole blasting in the ground according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed platform (1) is arranged on a fixed frame or a vehicle.