CN110961705B - Milling method for square pocket of short cylindrical roller bearing retainer - Google Patents

Milling method for square pocket of short cylindrical roller bearing retainer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110961705B
CN110961705B CN201911361161.2A CN201911361161A CN110961705B CN 110961705 B CN110961705 B CN 110961705B CN 201911361161 A CN201911361161 A CN 201911361161A CN 110961705 B CN110961705 B CN 110961705B
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roller bearing
cylindrical roller
short cylindrical
bearing retainer
cutter
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CN110961705A (en
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李迎丽
关云朋
张宇
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AVIC Harbin Bearing Co Ltd
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AVIC Harbin Bearing Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
    • B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • B23P23/02—Machine tools for performing different machining operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
    • B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work

Abstract

A milling method for a square pocket of a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer relates to a milling method for a square pocket. The invention aims to solve the problem that the position precision and the surface roughness of the cage square pocket are difficult to improve by the existing process method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing a tool; secondly, mounting the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer; thirdly, roughly milling a square pocket; fourthly, finely milling a square pocket; and fifthly, milling the square pocket finally. The invention is mainly used for milling the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer.

Description

Milling method for square pocket of short cylindrical roller bearing retainer
Technical Field
The invention relates to a square pocket milling method.
Background
The 'drilling and milling hole → broaching square hole' is a mature process method adopted at home and abroad for processing the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer. Drilling and milling holes are used as a process before square hole broaching, and the adopted equipment is a numerical control drilling and milling center for processing prefabricated holes before pocket broaching. The broaching square hole is formed by broaching and shaping by a broaching tool by adopting a horizontal or vertical broaching machine, and the circumferential size, the axial size and the chamfer angle of the pocket hole are ensured by the chamfer angle of a cutting tooth of the broaching tool. Because of the manufacturing quality of the broach, the operation stability of the broaching machine and the processing manufacturability of the material of the retainer, the position precision, the precision stability and the consistency of the square pocket hole of the retainer are directly influenced. Due to the requirement of upgrading products, the position precision and the surface roughness of the pocket on the retainer side need to be improved, but the technical method of drilling and milling the hole → the Laura square hole is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the position precision and the surface roughness of the square pocket of the retainer are difficult to improve by the existing process method, and provides a milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer.
The milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, processing of a tool:
the tool comprises a circular cover plate and a stepped shaft; the stepped shaft is composed of a first step and a second step, an annular groove is formed in the first step along the circumferential direction, the annular groove corresponds to the position of a square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, the diameter of the first step is matched with the inner diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, the thickness of the first step is smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, and the diameter of the second step is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer; the diameter of the circular cover plate is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer; the round cover plate and the stepped shaft are provided with threaded holes corresponding in position;
secondly, mounting the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer:
sleeving a first step of a stepped shaft into the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, attaching a second step of the stepped shaft to one side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, attaching a circular cover plate to the other side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, and finally screwing a bolt to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer;
thirdly, roughly milling a square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 4-5 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole on which the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is positioned under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1200-1400 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 5500-6500 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.5-0.7 mm, and then expanding the periphery layer by layer to a single side to leave a margin of 0.1-0.2 mm;
fourthly, finely milling the square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 2-3 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1000-1200 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 14000-16000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.15-0.25 mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to a single side to leave a margin of 0.04-0.08 mm;
fifthly, milling the square pocket finally:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of X- (0.1-0.15) mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 800-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 18000-21000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.05-0.1 mm, and then expanding the periphery layer by layer to the size of a finished product, thus finishing the milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer;
wherein X is the diameter of the arc of the vertex angle of the square pocket and the unit is mm.
The invention has the advantages that: by adopting the milling method for the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer, after the retainer is processed, the position precision and the surface roughness of the square pocket are improved, the requirements of the bearing on continuous improvement performance and long service life are met, the milling method is far superior to the technological method of drilling and milling a hole → drawing a square hole, and the position precision and the surface roughness measurement value of the pocket are as follows:
the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole extension cylindrical roller bearing retainer is a circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole, as shown in a in figure 21And a2The axial side of the square pocket extended short cylindrical roller bearing cage is the axial side of the square pocket, as shown in b of FIG. 21、b2And b3(ii) a The circumferential side of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage is shown as c in FIG. 21And c2(ii) a The outer diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1, and the inner diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1:
1. the parallelism of the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.008 mm; such as a1And c1Degree of parallelism of a2And c2The parallelism of (a);
2. the perpendicularity of the axial side surface of the square pocket hole to the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: d is less than or equal to 0.015 mm; such as b1And b2And c1B is perpendicularity of1And b2And c2The perpendicularity of (a);
3. the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the adjacent axial side surfaces of the adjacent square pockets at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: e is less than or equal to 0.06 mm; such as b1And b3The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance at the isodiametric plane;
4. two circumferential side surfaces of the same side pocket and the circumferential direction of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer adjacent to the same side pocketDifference in vertical distance of side face: f is less than or equal to 0.05 mm; such as a1And c1A vertical distance therebetween and a2And c2The difference in vertical distance between;
5. the perpendicular distance between the connecting line of the center of the outer diameter curved surface (D) and the center of the inner diameter curved surface (D) of the pocket on the same side and the central axis of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: g is less than or equal to 0.1 mm;
6. the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the same circumferential side surface in all the square pockets and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: h is less than or equal to 0.03 mm; if all the square pockets are at the equal-diameter surface a1And c1The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance;
7. surface roughness of the square pocket: ra is less than or equal to 0.6.79 mu m.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a short cylindrical roller bearing cage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer after being installed.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the method for milling the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage according to the present embodiment is completed by the following steps:
firstly, processing of a tool:
the tool comprises a circular cover plate 1 and a stepped shaft; the stepped shaft consists of a first step 2-1 and a second step 2-2, wherein the first step 2-1 is circumferentially provided with an annular groove 2-1-1, the annular groove 2-1-1 corresponds to the square pocket 3-1 of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 in position, the diameter of the first step 2-1 is matched with the inner diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, the thickness of the first step 2-1 is smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, and the diameter of the second step 2-2 is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3; the diameter of the circular cover plate 1 is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3; the round cover plate 1 and the stepped shaft are provided with threaded holes corresponding to the positions of the threaded holes;
secondly, mounting the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer:
sleeving a first step 2-1 of a stepped shaft into a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, attaching a second step 2-2 of the stepped shaft to one side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, attaching a circular cover plate 1 to the other side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, and finally screwing a bolt to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3;
thirdly, roughly milling a square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 4 mm-5 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole on which the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is positioned under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1200 mm/min-1400 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 5500 r/min-6500 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.5 mm-0.7 mm, and then expanding the periphery layer by layer to a single side to leave a margin of 0.1 mm-0.2 mm;
fourthly, finely milling the square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 2-3 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1000-1200 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 14000-16000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.15-0.25 mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to a single side with the allowance of 0.04-0.08 mm;
fifthly, milling the square pocket finally:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of X- (0.1-0.15) mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole on which the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is positioned under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 800-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 18000-21000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.05-0.1 mm, and then expanding the periphery layer by layer to the size of a finished product, thus finishing the milling method of the square pocket hole of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer;
wherein X is the diameter of the arc of the vertex angle of the square pocket and the unit is mm.
Because the cage square pocket hole position precision and the surface quality requirement grade are higher, the existing triaxial turning and milling center is replaced by a four-axis numerical control multi-task composite center, and the four-axis numerical control multi-task composite center has the advantages that: the equipment is directly driven by a magnetic suspension motor and is driven by an electric spindle, the rotating speed can reach 30000r/min, and the repeated positioning precision of the equipment is less than 0.002 mm. And the triaxial car washing center is a mechanical main shaft and is driven by a lead screw, the maximum rotating speed is 12000r/min, and the repeated positioning precision of the equipment is 0.01 mm.
This embodiment promotes holder side pocket hole machining precision, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the equipment ability, reasonable in design's frock is very important. The special tool is designed according to the size of the interface of the equipment, the shaft diameter of the tool and the inner diameter of the retainer are matched, and the tool and the retainer are tightly matched to ensure the matching precision.
The cutting force of this embodiment processing is not very big, and the work piece is difficult to rotate after compressing tightly, and the frock both needs the location accurate and the holder is dismantled easily. The tool is positioned by the large surface and the column body, and the retainer is compacted by the round cover plate so as to achieve the function of locking the retainer. During clamping, the torque wrench with scales is required to be used for screwing so as to prevent the tool or the retainer from plastic deformation and avoid damaging the retainer.
The milling process of the pocket of the present embodiment is "rough milling of the square pocket → fine milling of the square pocket → final milling of the square pocket". And three steps, wherein the processing mode of each step is the same, the milling cutter starts to cut from the outer diameter surface of the retainer, the milling cutter is layered according to the cutting depth value and cuts towards the inner diameter surface, namely, the milling cutter starts to cut from the center of the pocket where the outer surface of the retainer is located, then the milling cutter returns to the center of the pocket to continue to cut for the second layer after the periphery expands layer by layer to reach the set size of the square hole, and the steps are circulated until the processing is finished.
The purpose of rough machining in the embodiment is to remove most metals, create better conditions for subsequent finish machining, and provide a positioning reference for semi-finish machining and finish machining.
The purpose of the finish milling in this embodiment is to remove a portion of the metal, and the purpose of the finish milling is to complete the pocket finish machining.
The advantages of the present embodiment:
by adopting the milling method for the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage, after the cage is processed, the position precision and the surface roughness of the square pocket are improved, the requirements of the bearing on continuous improvement performance and long service life are met, the milling method is far superior to the technological method of drilling and milling hole → drawing square hole, and the values of the position precision and the surface roughness of the pocket are measured as follows:
the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole extension cylindrical roller bearing retainer is a circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole, as shown in a in figure 21And a2The axial side of the square pocket extended short cylindrical roller bearing cage is the axial side of the square pocket, as shown in b of FIG. 21、b2And b3(ii) a The circumferential side of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage is shown as c in FIG. 21And c2(ii) a The outer diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1, and the inner diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1:
1. the parallelism of the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.008 mm; such as a1And c1Degree of parallelism of a2And c2The parallelism of (a);
2. the perpendicularity of the axial side surface of the square pocket hole to the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: d is less than or equal to 0.015 mm; such as b1And b2And c1B is perpendicularity of1And b2And c2The perpendicularity of (a);
3. the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the adjacent axial side surfaces of the adjacent square pockets at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: e is less than or equal to 0.06 mm; such as b1And b3The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance at the isodiametric plane;
4. the difference between the vertical distances between two circumferential side surfaces of the pocket on the same side and the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage adjacent to the pocket on the same side is as follows: f is less than or equal to 0.05 mm; such as a1And c1A vertical distance therebetween and a2And c2The difference in vertical distance between;
5. the perpendicular distance between the connecting line of the center of the outer diameter curved surface (D) and the center of the inner diameter curved surface (D) of the pocket on the same side and the central axis of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: g is less than or equal to 0.1 mm;
6. all square bagsThe difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the same circumferential side surface in the hole and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: h is less than or equal to 0.03 mm; if all the square pockets are at the equal-diameter surface a1And c1The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance;
7. surface roughness of the square pocket: ra is less than or equal to 0.6.79 mu m.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: and in the second step, the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is compacted by screwing the bolt with a torque wrench with scales. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that: the thickness of the first step 2-1 in the step one is 0.5 mm-1 mm smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first to third embodiments in that: the depth of the annular groove 2-1-1 in the step one is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm. The others are the same as the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fourth embodiments is: the milling cutter in the third step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating. The rest is the same as the first to fourth embodiments.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to fifth embodiments is as follows: the milling cutter in the fourth step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating. The rest is the same as the first to fifth embodiments.
The seventh embodiment: the first to sixth differences from the present embodiment are as follows: the milling cutter in the step five is a four-edge tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating; and in the step five, X is 0.9-1.1. The rest is the same as the first to sixth embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the first to seventh differences from the present embodiment are as follows: and in the third step, under the conditions that the feeding speed of the cutter is 1300-1400 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 6000-6500 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.6-0.7 mm, a milling cutter with the diameter of 4-5 mm is used for cutting from the center of a square pocket hole on which the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is positioned, and then the cutting is expanded to the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer until the single side allowance is 0.1-0.2 mm. The others are different from the first to seventh embodiments.
The specific implementation method nine: the difference between this embodiment and the first to eighth embodiments is: and in the fourth step, under the conditions that the feeding speed of the cutter is 1100-1200 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 15000-16000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.20-0.25 mm, cutting is started from the center of a square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located by using a milling cutter with the diameter of 2-3 mm, and then the cutting is expanded to the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer until the allowance of a single side is 0.04-0.08 mm. The others are the same as the first to eighth embodiments.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the difference between this embodiment and one of the first to ninth embodiments is as follows: and fifthly, under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1000-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 19000-21000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.08-0.1 mm, cutting is started from the center of a square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located by using a milling cutter with the diameter of X- (0.1-0.15) mm, and then the cutting is expanded to the size of a finished product layer by layer towards the inner diameter surface and the periphery. The rest is the same as the first to ninth embodiments.
The following tests are adopted to verify the effect of the invention:
the first embodiment is as follows:
the milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is completed according to the following steps:
firstly, processing of a tool:
the tool comprises a circular cover plate 1 and a stepped shaft; the stepped shaft consists of a first step 2-1 and a second step 2-2, wherein the first step 2-1 is circumferentially provided with an annular groove 2-1-1, the annular groove 2-1-1 corresponds to the square pocket 3-1 of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 in position, the diameter of the first step 2-1 is matched with the inner diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, the thickness of the first step 2-1 is smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, and the diameter of the second step 2-2 is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3; the diameter of the circular cover plate 1 is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3; the round cover plate 1 and the stepped shaft are provided with threaded holes corresponding to the positions of the threaded holes;
secondly, mounting the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer:
sleeving a first step 2-1 of a stepped shaft into a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, attaching a second step 2-2 of the stepped shaft to one side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, attaching a circular cover plate 1 to the other side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3, and finally screwing a bolt to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3;
thirdly, roughly milling a square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 4mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1300mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 6000r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.6mm, and then expanding layer by layer to the inner diameter surface and the periphery until the single side is left with the allowance of 0.1 mm;
fourthly, finely milling the square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 2mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1100mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 15000r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.20mm, and then expanding layer by layer to the inner diameter surface and the periphery until the single side is left with the allowance of 0.04 mm;
fifthly, milling the square pocket finally:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of X-0.1mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer 3 is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1000mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 19000r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.08mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to the size of a finished product, thus finishing the milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer;
wherein X is the arc diameter of the vertex angle of the square pocket, and X is 1 mm.
And step two, tightening the bolts by using a torque wrench with scales to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer.
In the first step, the thickness of the first step 2-1 is 0.8mm less than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer.
The depth of the annular groove 2-1-1 in the step one is 2.0 mm.
The milling cutter in the third step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating.
The milling cutter in the fourth step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating.
And the milling cutter in the step five is a four-edge tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating.
The cage square pocket position accuracy and surface roughness measurement results obtained in this example were as follows:
the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole extension cylindrical roller bearing retainer is a circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole, as shown in a in figure 21And a2The axial side of the square pocket extended short cylindrical roller bearing cage is the axial side of the square pocket, as shown in b of FIG. 21、b2And b3(ii) a The circumferential side of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage is shown as c in FIG. 21And c2(ii) a The outer diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1, and the inner diameter curve of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is shown as D in figure 1:
1. the parallelism of the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.008 mm; such as a1And c1Degree of parallelism of a2And c2The parallelism of (a);
2. the perpendicularity of the axial side surface of the square pocket hole to the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: d is less than or equal to 0.015 mm; such as b1And b2And c1B is perpendicularity of1And b2And c2The perpendicularity of (a);
3. the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the adjacent axial side surfaces of the adjacent square pockets at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: e is less than or equal to 0.06 mm; such as b1And b3The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance at the isodiametric plane;
4. the difference between the vertical distances between two circumferential side surfaces of the pocket on the same side and the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage adjacent to the pocket on the same side is as follows: f is less than or equal to 0.05 mm; such as a1And c1A vertical distance therebetween and a2And c2The difference in vertical distance between;
5. the perpendicular distance between the connecting line of the center of the outer diameter curved surface (D) and the center of the inner diameter curved surface (D) of the pocket on the same side and the central axis of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: g is less than or equal to 0.1 mm;
6. the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the same circumferential side surface in all the square pockets and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: h is less than or equal to 0.03 mm; if all the square pockets are at the equal-diameter surface a1And c1The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance;
7. surface roughness of the square pocket: ra is less than or equal to 0.6.79 mu m.
The existing process method of drilling and milling holes → La square holes is adopted, and the specific test values are as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.02mm, d is less than or equal to 0.03mm, e is less than or equal to 0.15mm, f is less than or equal to 0.2mm, g is less than or equal to 0.25mm, h is less than or equal to 0.08mm, and Ra is less than or equal to 1.2 mu m.

Claims (4)

1. The milling method of the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, processing of a tool:
the tool comprises a round cover plate (1) and a stepped shaft; the stepped shaft is composed of a first step (2-1) and a second step (2-2), wherein the first step (2-1) is circumferentially provided with an annular groove (2-1-1), the annular groove (2-1-1) corresponds to a square pocket hole (3-1) of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), the diameter of the first step (2-1) is matched with the inner diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), the thickness of the first step (2-1) is smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), and the diameter of the second step (2-2) is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3); the diameter of the circular cover plate (1) is smaller than or equal to the outer diameter of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3); the round cover plate (1) and the stepped shaft are provided with threaded holes corresponding to the positions of the threaded holes;
the thickness of the first step (2-1) in the step one is 0.5 mm-1 mm smaller than that of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3);
the depth of the annular groove (2-1-1) in the first step is 1.5 mm-2.5 mm;
secondly, mounting the tool and the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer:
sleeving a first step (2-1) of a stepped shaft into a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), attaching a second step (2-2) of the stepped shaft to one side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), then attaching a circular cover plate (1) to the other side of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3), and finally screwing a bolt to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3);
in the second step, a torque wrench with scales is used for screwing the bolt to compact the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3);
thirdly, roughly milling a square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 4-5 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3) is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1200-1400 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 5500-6500 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.5-0.7 mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to a single side with the allowance of 0.1-0.2 mm;
the milling cutter in the third step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating;
fourthly, finely milling the square pocket:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of 2-3 mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of a short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3) is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 1000-1200 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 14000-16000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.15-0.25 mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to a single side with the allowance of 0.04-0.08 mm;
the milling cutter in the fourth step is a four-blade tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating;
fifthly, milling the square pocket finally:
utilizing a 4-axis numerical control machining center, then utilizing a milling cutter with the diameter of X- (0.1-0.15) mm to start cutting from the center of a square pocket hole where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer (3) is located under the conditions that the feeding speed of a cutter is 800-1100 mm/min, the rotating speed of the cutter is 18000-21000 r/min and the cutting depth of the cutter is 0.05-0.1 mm, and then expanding the inner diameter surface and the periphery layer by layer to the size of a finished product, thus finishing the milling method of the square pocket hole of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer;
wherein X is the diameter of the arc of the vertex angle of the square pocket and the unit is mm; the milling cutter in the step five is a four-edge tungsten steel milling cutter with a coating; the X in the step five is 0.9-1.1;
the side surface of the square pocket along the circumferential direction of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is a circumferential side surface of the square pocket, and the side surface of the square pocket along the axial direction of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is an axial side surface of the square pocket; the parallelism of the circumferential side surface of the square pocket hole and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.008 mm; the perpendicularity of the axial side surface of the square pocket hole to the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: d is less than or equal to 0.015 mm; the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance of the adjacent axial side surfaces of the adjacent square pockets at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: e is less than or equal to 0.06 mm; the difference between the vertical distances between two circumferential side surfaces of the pocket on the same side and the circumferential side surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage adjacent to the pocket on the same side is as follows: f is less than or equal to 0.05 mm; the perpendicular distance between the connecting line of the outer diameter curved surface center and the inner diameter curved surface center of the pocket on the same side and the central axis of the short cylindrical roller bearing retainer is as follows: g is less than or equal to 0.1 mm; the difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the same circumferential side surface in all the square pockets and the circumferential side surface of the adjacent short cylindrical roller bearing retainer at the equal-diameter surface is as follows: h is less than or equal to 0.03 mm; surface roughness of the square pocket: ra is less than or equal to 0.679 μm.
2. The method for milling the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, cutting is started from the center of the square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage (3) is located by using a milling cutter with a diameter of 4mm to 5mm under the conditions that the cutter feed speed is 1300mm/min to 1400mm/min, the cutter rotation speed is 6000r/min to 6500r/min and the cutter cutting depth is 0.6mm to 0.7mm, and then the square pocket is expanded layer by layer to the inner diameter surface and the outer periphery with a single-side margin of 0.1mm to 0.2 mm.
3. The method for milling the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, under the conditions that the cutter feed speed is 1100mm/min to 1200mm/min, the cutter rotation speed is 15000r/min to 16000r/min and the cutter cutting depth is 0.20mm to 0.25mm, the cutting is started from the center of the square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage (3) is located by using a milling cutter with the diameter of 2mm to 3mm, and then the cutting is expanded layer by layer to the inner diameter surface and the outer periphery until the single side margin is 0.04mm to 0.08 mm.
4. The method for milling the square pocket of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, under the conditions that the tool feed speed is 1000mm/min to 1100mm/min, the tool rotation speed is 19000r/min to 21000r/min and the tool cutting depth is 0.08mm to 0.1mm, a milling cutter with the diameter of X- (0.1 to 0.15) mm is used for cutting from the center of the square pocket where the outer diameter surface of the short cylindrical roller bearing cage (3) is located, and then the milling cutter expands layer by layer to the finished size towards the inner diameter surface and the outer periphery.
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