CN110957787A - Self-equalization battery charging circuit and charging method - Google Patents
Self-equalization battery charging circuit and charging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110957787A CN110957787A CN201911331625.5A CN201911331625A CN110957787A CN 110957787 A CN110957787 A CN 110957787A CN 201911331625 A CN201911331625 A CN 201911331625A CN 110957787 A CN110957787 A CN 110957787A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-equalizing battery charging circuit and a charging method, which are used for charging batteries connected in series with N sections, wherein the negative electrode of the battery with the N section is connected with the positive electrode of the battery with the N-1 section, N is more than 1, the charging circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with the batteries connected in series with the N sections, and a first battery is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit; each battery voltage is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit. The invention can realize automatic equalization after the battery is fully charged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a self-equalization battery charging circuit and a charging method.
Background
The batteries have no absolute consistency, and after the batteries are grouped, the capacity difference between the batteries exceeds a certain threshold value to influence the actual available capacity of the whole battery pack, so the service life of the batteries after the batteries are grouped is far lower than that of the single batteries, the main reason is that the individual difference between the batteries causes the problem that the battery with the largest capacity is easily overcharged during charging, and the battery with the smallest capacity is easily overdischarged during discharging to enter a vicious circle, so that the individual batteries are damaged, the charging and discharging characteristics of the whole battery pack are influenced, and the capacity of the battery pack is reduced. In order to extend the service life of the battery pack, the different batteries need to be equalized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-balancing battery charging circuit and a charging method capable of automatically balancing after a battery is fully charged, and the self-balancing battery charging circuit and the charging method are used for solving the technical problem of unbalanced battery voltage in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-equalizing battery charging circuit for charging N batteries connected in series, wherein the negative electrode of the nth battery is connected to the positive electrode of the (N-1) th battery, and N >1, the self-equalizing battery charging circuit comprising: the charge pump circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries connected in series, and a first battery is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit in parallel; each battery voltage is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Optionally, when N is 2, the charge pump circuit includes a first capacitor, and the charge pump circuit has two working phases:
in the first stage, the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the first capacitor is charged;
and in the second stage, the first capacitor is connected with the second battery in parallel, and the second battery is charged.
Optionally, the charge pump circuit further includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, and a fourth switch; the first ends of the first switch and the third switch are connected with a high-potential output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit; the second end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the second switch, and the common connecting end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth switch, and the common connection end of the third switch is connected with the second end of the first capacitor; and the second end of the second switch is connected with the positive electrode of the second battery, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery.
Optionally, in the first stage, the first switch and the fourth switch are turned on; and in a second stage, the second switch and the third switch are conducted.
Optionally, the duty cycles of the first switch and the fourth switch are equal to the duty cycles of the second switch and the third switch.
Optionally, the charge pump circuit includes N-1 capacitors, and the charge pump circuit sequentially operates from stage 1 to stage 2 × N (N-1), where:
in the 2N-3 stage, the (N-1) th capacitor is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the (N-1) th capacitor is charged;
in the 2N-2 stage, the N-1 st capacitor is connected with the Nth battery in parallel, and the Nth battery is charged.
Optionally, the charge pump circuit further includes a first switch and N-1 switch modules; the second battery to the Nth battery, and each battery corresponds to one switch module; each switch module comprises a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch and a capacitor;
in each switch module, a first end of a second switch is connected with a high-potential output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, a second end of the second switch is connected with a first end of a third switch, a second end of the third switch is connected with the anode of the corresponding battery, and the common connecting end of the second switch and the third switch is connected with the first end of the corresponding capacitor; the first end of the fourth switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding capacitor, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding battery; the first end of the first switch is connected with the second end of each capacitor, and the second end of the first switch is grounded.
Optionally, the switch modules corresponding to the first switch and the second battery to the switch module corresponding to the nth battery work in sequence; each switch module corresponds to two working phases:
the first stage is as follows: the first switch and the second switch are conducted;
and in the second stage, the third switch and the fourth switch are conducted.
Optionally, the voltage stabilizing circuit is a voltage reducing circuit and includes an upper tube, a lower tube, a first inductor and an output capacitor; the first end of the upper tube receives input voltage, the second end of the upper tube is connected with the first end of the lower tube, and the second end of the lower tube is grounded; and the common connecting end of the upper tube and the lower tube is connected with the first end of the first inductor, and the second end of the first inductor is connected with the output capacitor.
The invention also provides a self-equalizing battery charging method, which is used for charging N batteries connected in series, wherein the negative electrode of the Nth battery is connected with the positive electrode of the (N-1) th battery, and N is more than 1, and the self-equalizing battery charging method is characterized in that: the charging method is based on a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries connected in series, and a first battery is connected at the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit in parallel; the voltage of each battery is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the charging method is based on a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries which are connected in series, and the voltage of each battery is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit. The invention can realize the automatic equalization of the battery voltage after the battery is fully charged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a self-equalizing battery charging circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a self-equalizing charge circuit for two batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale for the purpose of facilitating and clearly explaining the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of a self-equalizing battery charging circuit of the present invention is shown, wherein the charging circuit is used for charging N batteries connected in series, the negative electrode of the Nth battery is connected with the positive electrode of the (N-1) th battery, and the N>1. The charging circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives an input voltage, and the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the charge pump circuitThe output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries which are connected in series, the first battery is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the voltage of each battery is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit. The charge pump circuit comprises N-1 capacitors, a first switch k1 and N-1 switch modules; the second battery to the Nth battery, and each battery corresponds to one switch module; taking the switch module corresponding to the Nth battery as an example, the switch module comprises a second switch k N1. Third switch k N2. Fourth switch kN3 and a capacitor CN-1, a second switch kN1 a first end connected with a high potential output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit and a second end connected with a third switch k N2 first terminal, third switch k N2 the second end is connected with the anode of the corresponding battery BATN, and a second switch k N1 and a third switch k N2 is connected with the first end of the corresponding capacitor CN-1; fourth switch kN3 the first end is connected with the second end of the corresponding capacitor CN-1, and the fourth switch kN3 the second end is connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding battery BATN; the first terminal of the first switch k1 is connected to the second terminal of each capacitor, and the second terminal of the first switch k1 is grounded. The first switch k1, the switch module corresponding to the second battery to the switch module corresponding to the Nth battery work in sequence; each switch module corresponds to two working phases: the first stage is as follows: a first switch k1 and a second switch k N1, conducting; second stage, third switch k N2 and a fourth switch kN3 is conducted.
As shown in fig. 2, which illustrates a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the self-equalizing charging circuit for two batteries according to the present invention, the voltage-stabilizing circuit is a voltage-reducing circuit, and includes an upper tube Q1, a lower tube Q2, a first inductor L1, and an output capacitor C0; the first end of the upper tube Q1 receives an input voltage VIN, the second end of the upper tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the lower tube Q2, and the second end of the lower tube Q2 is grounded; the common connection end of the upper tube Q1 and the lower tube Q2 is connected to the first end of the first inductor L1, the second end of the first inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the output capacitor C0, and the second end of the output capacitor C0 is grounded. The charge pump circuit comprises a first switch Q3, a second switch Q4, a third switch Q5, a fourth switch Q6 and a first capacitor C1; the first ends of the first switch Q3 and the third switch Q5 are connected with a high potential output end of a voltage stabilizing circuit; the second end of the first switch Q3 is connected with the first end of the second switch Q4, and the common connection end of the first switch Q3 is connected with the second end of the first capacitor C2; the second end of the third switch Q5 is connected with the first end of the fourth switch Q6, and the common connection end of the third switch Q5 is connected with the second end of the first capacitor C1; the second end of the second switch Q4 is connected with the positive electrode of a second battery BAT2, and the second end of the fourth switch Q6 is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery BAT.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some common techniques may be substituted and integrated between the embodiments, and reference may be made to one of the embodiments not explicitly described, or to another embodiment described.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. A self-equalizing battery charging circuit for charging N batteries connected in series, the negative pole of the nth battery being connected to the positive pole of the (N-1) th battery, N >1, comprising: the charge pump circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries connected in series, and a first battery is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit in parallel; each battery voltage is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
2. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein:
when N is 2, the charge pump circuit includes a first capacitor, and the charge pump circuit has two working phases:
in the first stage, the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the first capacitor is charged;
and in the second stage, the first capacitor is connected with the second battery in parallel, and the second battery is charged.
3. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 2, wherein: the charge pump circuit further comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch; the first ends of the first switch and the third switch are connected with a high-potential output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit; the second end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the second switch, and the common connecting end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the third switch is connected with the first end of the fourth switch, and the common connection end of the third switch is connected with the second end of the first capacitor; and the second end of the second switch is connected with the positive electrode of the second battery, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the first battery.
4. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 3, wherein: in the first stage, the first switch and the fourth switch are conducted; and in a second stage, the second switch and the third switch are conducted.
5. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 4, wherein: the duty cycle of the first switch and the fourth switch is equal to the duty cycle of the second switch and the third switch.
6. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 1, wherein: the charge pump circuit comprises N-1 capacitors, and the charge pump circuit works from the 1 st stage to the 2 x (N-1) th stage in sequence, wherein:
in the 2N-3 stage, the (N-1) th capacitor is connected in parallel with the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, and the (N-1) th capacitor is charged;
in the 2N-2 stage, the N-1 st capacitor is connected with the Nth battery in parallel, and the Nth battery is charged.
7. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 6, wherein: the charge pump circuit further comprises a first switch and N-1 switch modules; the second battery to the Nth battery, and each battery corresponds to one switch module; each switch module comprises a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch and a capacitor;
in each switch module, a first end of a second switch is connected with a high-potential output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, a second end of the second switch is connected with a first end of a third switch, a second end of the third switch is connected with the anode of the corresponding battery, and the common connecting end of the second switch and the third switch is connected with the first end of the corresponding capacitor; the first end of the fourth switch is connected with the second end of the corresponding capacitor, and the second end of the fourth switch is connected with the negative electrode of the corresponding battery; the first end of the first switch is connected with the second end of each capacitor, and the second end of the first switch is grounded.
8. The self-equalizing battery charging circuit of claim 7, wherein: the switch modules corresponding to the first switch and the second battery to the switch module corresponding to the Nth battery work in sequence; each switch module corresponds to two working phases:
the first stage is as follows: the first switch and the second switch are conducted;
and a second stage: the third switch and the fourth switch are turned on.
9. A self-equalizing battery charging circuit according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein: the voltage stabilizing circuit is a voltage reducing circuit and comprises an upper tube, a lower tube, a first inductor and an output capacitor; the first end of the upper tube receives input voltage, the second end of the upper tube is connected with the first end of the lower tube, and the second end of the lower tube is grounded; and the common connecting end of the upper tube and the lower tube is connected with the first end of the first inductor, and the second end of the first inductor is connected with the output capacitor.
10. A self-equalizing battery charging method is used for charging N batteries connected in series, the negative pole of the Nth battery is connected with the positive pole of the (N-1) th battery, N >1, and the method is characterized in that: the charging method is based on a voltage stabilizing circuit and a charge pump circuit, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit receives input voltage, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the charge pump circuit, the output end of the charge pump circuit is connected with N batteries connected in series, and a first battery is connected at the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit in parallel; the voltage of each battery is equal to the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing circuit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911331625.5A CN110957787A (en) | 2019-12-21 | 2019-12-21 | Self-equalization battery charging circuit and charging method |
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| CN201911331625.5A CN110957787A (en) | 2019-12-21 | 2019-12-21 | Self-equalization battery charging circuit and charging method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021237615A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Charger driving circuit, integrated circuit, charger, charging control method, and charging control system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021237615A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Charger driving circuit, integrated circuit, charger, charging control method, and charging control system |
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Address after: Room 901-23, 9 / F, west 4 building, Xigang development center, 298 Zhenhua Road, Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310030 Applicant after: Jiehuate Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 424, building 1, 1500 Wenyi West Road, Cangqian street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: JOULWATT TECHNOLOGY Inc.,Ltd. |