CN110957774A - Super capacitor state online monitoring method and device and charging system - Google Patents

Super capacitor state online monitoring method and device and charging system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110957774A
CN110957774A CN201911099073.XA CN201911099073A CN110957774A CN 110957774 A CN110957774 A CN 110957774A CN 201911099073 A CN201911099073 A CN 201911099073A CN 110957774 A CN110957774 A CN 110957774A
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charging
super capacitor
voltage
current
change rate
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CN110957774B (en
Inventor
彭国敬
朱丹
封阿明
陶正华
雷磊
田炜
孙祖勇
王琴
徐峻峰
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NARI Group Corp
Nari Technology Co Ltd
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NARI Group Corp
Nari Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring the state of a super capacitor on line and a charging system, wherein the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor are obtained in the process of charging the super capacitor by a charging device; calculating to obtain the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor; comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor. Searching the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data; comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data; and the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and a charging current adjusting instruction is sent to the charging device according to the searched reference current.

Description

Super capacitor state online monitoring method and device and charging system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail transit charging, and particularly relates to a super capacitor state online monitoring method and device and a charging system.
Background
With the great demand of urban construction on traffic, urban rail transit is rapidly developed, and particularly, an energy storage tramcar which is a main form of a modern tramcar is rapidly developed and has the advantages of attractive appearance, large transportation capacity, energy conservation, environmental protection, stable and quiet running and the like.
The energy storage tramcar is a novel rail vehicle, and mainly adopts a super capacitor as a power unit of the vehicle. The vehicle can convert more than 85% of braking energy into electric energy to be stored for reuse, the vehicle does not need an overhead contact network for power supply during running, and the electric energy is supplemented by the time of parking and getting on/off the bus at the station. The rail transit has no visual pollution, no power transmission loss and no electric corrosion to facilities such as underground pipelines along the line, and is a green, intelligent and environment-friendly rail transit.
Because the tram contains the multiunit super capacitor module, may cause one of them or multiunit super capacitor module to drop wire or break away from the major loop because of various reasons in actual operation, present method is that charging device can carry out the trial charge earlier when charging tram, and general trial charge time is about 5S, can only learn the state of tram super capacitor module after the trial charge finishes, and after the trial charge finishes, does not detect the state of super capacitor module in the subsequent charging process, can cause like this when super capacitor module state changes, charging device does not know its change of state, can not adjust charging current thereby can cause super capacitor module to produce and overflow, thereby bring the damage to super capacitor module.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a super-capacitor state online monitoring method, a super-capacitor state online monitoring device and a charging system, which can monitor the state of a super-capacitor module online in real time and further can correspondingly adjust charging current.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for online monitoring a state of a super capacitor is provided, which includes:
acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
Further, the method for monitoring the state of the super capacitor on line further comprises the following steps:
according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data;
and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
The pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises a voltage charging curve from the lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, reference voltage, reference current, voltage charging curve change rate and super capacitor reference capacitance value.
The pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises:
acquiring a voltage charging curve from the lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, wherein the voltage charging curve comprises real-time data of voltage and current, and the data sampling period is determined according to a set detection period;
calculating the capacitance value of the super capacitor under each sampling period according to the voltage charging curve;
carrying out differential processing on a voltage charging curve of the super capacitor, and calculating the change rate of the voltage charging curve;
and storing the voltage, the current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor capacitance value in a 4 x n matrix form as reference data of the super capacitor, wherein each column comprises a group of voltage, reference current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor reference capacitance value.
According to the on-line monitoring method for the state of the super capacitor, a set detection period is adopted, and the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor are calculated according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure BDA0002269263230000031
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period is m ∈ [ t ]s,tn]，tsThe time when the charging device detects the voltage when the vehicle enters the station, tnThe time when the charging device cannot detect the voltage after the vehicle is out of the station;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure BDA0002269263230000032
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a device for online monitoring of the state of a super capacitor, including:
a data acquisition module to: acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
a calculation module to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
a super-capacitor state determination module to: comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
Further, the on-line monitoring system for the state of the super capacitor further comprises a current adjustment output module, which is used for: according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data; and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
The calculation module is configured to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure BDA0002269263230000041
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period is m ∈ [ t ]s,tn]，tsThe time when the charging device detects the voltage when the vehicle enters the station, tnThe time when the charging device cannot detect the voltage after the vehicle is out of the station;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure BDA0002269263230000051
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a super capacitor charging system, including a power grid power supply, a charging device, a charging rail, a ground rail, a super capacitor on a tramcar, and the super capacitor state online monitoring device, where the charging device takes power from the power grid power supply and outputs the power to the charging rail and the ground rail, respectively, and the charging device is connected to the super capacitor state online monitoring device, and is configured to receive a charging current adjustment instruction sent by the super capacitor state online monitoring device, and adjust a charging current.
Has the advantages that: according to the method and the device for monitoring the state of the super capacitor on line, the current state of the super capacitor can be tracked in real time in the charging process of the tramcar, and the charging current is changed in real time according to the state of the super capacitor, so that the super capacitor is protected better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tramcar charging system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment tram charging system;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the operation of the tramcar charging system in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a form of reference data storage of the super capacitor in the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is an embodiment of an on-line monitoring device for the status of a super capacitor;
1. a grid power supply; 2. a charging device; 3. a charging rail; 4. a ground rail; 5. tramcars.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
A super capacitor state online monitoring method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
In some embodiments, the method for online monitoring of the state of the super capacitor further includes:
according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data;
and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
Further, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor in a set detection period; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure BDA0002269263230000061
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period is m ∈ [ t ]s,tn]，tsThe time when the charging device detects the voltage when the vehicle enters the station, tnThe time when the charging device cannot detect the voltage after the vehicle is out of the station;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure BDA0002269263230000071
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
The pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises a voltage charging curve from the lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, reference voltage, reference current, voltage charging curve change rate and super capacitor reference capacitance value. The pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises:
acquiring a voltage charging curve from the lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, wherein the voltage charging curve comprises real-time data of voltage and current, and the data sampling period is determined according to a set detection period;
calculating the capacitance value of the super capacitor under each sampling period according to the voltage charging curve;
carrying out differential processing on a voltage charging curve of the super capacitor, and calculating the change rate of the voltage charging curve;
and storing the voltage, the current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor capacitance value in a 4 x n matrix form as reference data of the super capacitor, wherein each column comprises a group of voltage, reference current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor reference capacitance value.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 5, an on-line monitoring device for the status of a super capacitor includes:
a data acquisition module to: acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
a calculation module to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
a super-capacitor state determination module to: comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
A current regulation output module for: according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data; and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
The calculation module is configured to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure BDA0002269263230000081
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period is m ∈ [ t ]s,tn]，tsThe time when the charging device detects the voltage when the vehicle enters the station, tnThe time when the charging device cannot detect the voltage after the vehicle is out of the station;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure BDA0002269263230000082
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
Example 3
The utility model provides a super capacitor charging system, including electric wire netting power, charging device, the rail that charges, ground rail, tram on the super capacitor and super capacitor state on-line monitoring device, charging device gets the electricity from the electric wire netting power and exports respectively to charging rail and ground rail, charging device is connected with super capacitor state on-line monitoring device for receive the charging current adjustment instruction that super capacitor state on-line monitoring device sent, and adjust charging current.
In some embodiments, the energy storage tram super capacitor charging system, referring to fig. 1, includes a power grid power supply 1, a charging device 2, a charging rail 3 and a ground rail 4 arranged at a station, and a super capacitor arranged on an energy storage tram 5, wherein the charging device 2 outputs power from the power grid power supply 1 to the charging rail 3 and the ground rail 4 respectively, and the charging rail and the ground rail are disconnected, when the energy storage tram enters the station, two ends of the vehicle super capacitor are connected with the charging rail 3 and the ground rail 4 respectively, so that the charging device 2, the charging rail 3, the vehicle super capacitor and the ground rail 4 form a passage. At this time, the charging device 2 charges the vehicle-mounted super capacitor, wherein the current flows into the charging rail 3 and flows out of the ground rail 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the charging device 2 performs analog quantity information interaction of charging voltage and current with the tramcar, and the charging device performs digital quantity information interaction with the background integrated control system.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, an online monitoring method capable of online monitoring of the supercapacitor state of a tramcar and the real-time supercapacitor state includes the following steps:
step S1, acquiring in advance voltage charging curves of the super capacitors under different combinations from the lowest voltage to full charge, wherein the voltage charging curves comprise voltage and current real-time data, the data sampling period is determined according to the data sampling period of the charging device, and the capacitance value of the super capacitor under each sampling period is calculated at the same time;
step S2, importing the obtained voltage and current data into the charging device controller, meanwhile, performing differentiation processing on the charging curve of the super capacitor, calculating the change rate of the charging curve of the voltage, and storing the change rate of the charging curve of the voltage, the current and the voltage, and the capacitance value of the capacitor in a 4 × n matrix form, as shown in fig. 4;
step S3, when the tramcar starts to charge, the charging device automatically detects the voltage of the super capacitor when the super capacitor is not charged, compares the voltage with the voltage data stored in advance, and determines the capacitance value calculation starting point;
step S4, in the charging process, capacitance value of the capacitor and change rate of a voltage charging curve are calculated once every other sampling period, the calculated value of the super capacitor and the change rate of the voltage charging curve are compared with the data of the super capacitor and the slope of the voltage change curve stored in advance, whether the two sets of data are matched with the matrix data stored in advance is on the same column, if the two sets of data are on the same column, the state of the super capacitor is obtained, charging current is adjusted in real time according to the state of the super capacitor, if the two sets of data are not on the same column, the set of data are considered to be out of alignment, and the charging current is not adjusted.
Preferably, in step S2, the period of the differentiation process of the charging curve of the super capacitor is the sampling period of the controller.
Preferably, in step S3, the collected voltage value is compared with the data matrix for multiple times to determine the interval point where the voltage is located, i.e. the reference point.
Preferably, in step S4, the supercapacitor comparison data is stored in the background general control system.
The embodiment of the invention adopts a real-time detection method for the super capacitor of the tramcar, and utilizes the strong data processing and computing capability of the comprehensive control platform to quickly position the interval point where the matrix data is located according to the voltage and current information read by the charging device during each charging.
And acquiring and calculating real-time data in the charging process according to the judged interval point as a starting point, comparing the real-time data with the stored matrix data, determining the current capacitance value according to the comparison data, and adjusting the charging current value in real time according to the determined capacitance value.
The transmission data between the comprehensive control platform and the charging device is as follows: the charging device carries out relevant calculation according to the collected charging voltage and charging current, the current charging voltage change rate and the capacitance value of the super capacitor at the moment are calculated, the charging device uploads the charging voltage, the charging current, the charging voltage change rate and the capacitance value of the super capacitor to the background master control system in a 4 x 1 matrix form, the background master control system rapidly positions to a point to be compared according to received 4 x 1 matrix data, meanwhile, the background master control system takes the point as a starting point, the charging current value to be adjusted is issued to the charging device after data comparison is carried out, and the charging device adjusts the output current value in time.
In summary, the present invention provides a method and a system capable of monitoring the state of a super capacitor of a tramcar on line and adjusting the charging current of the super capacitor in real time, which illustrate the whole system architecture, including: charging device, tram and comprehensive accuse platform describe in detail the scheme that charging device adjusted the charging current according to tram super capacitor state in the charging process.
The charging device and the background master control system adopt Ethernet port interfaces, so that the real-time performance of data transmission is ensured, the transmitted data are respectively transmitted and received once at a time, and the transmission period is the same as the sampling period of the charging device.
And storing the reference data of the super capacitor in a background master control system in a 4 Xn matrix form.
The method for monitoring the state of the super capacitor of the tramcar on line and adjusting the charging current of the super capacitor in real time in the embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) the identification method is not limited to the operating conditions of the charging device.
(2) The identification method can be online in real time.
(3) The limitation of trial charging is made up, and the accuracy of identification is improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A super capacitor state online monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
2. The on-line monitoring method for the state of the super capacitor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data;
and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
3. The on-line monitoring method for the state of the super capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises a voltage charging curve from a lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, a reference voltage, a reference current, a voltage charging curve change rate and a super capacitor reference capacitance value.
4. The on-line monitoring method for the state of the super capacitor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pre-stored reference data of the super capacitor comprises:
acquiring a voltage charging curve from the lowest voltage to full charge of the super capacitor under different combinations, wherein the voltage charging curve comprises real-time data of voltage and current, and the data sampling period is determined according to a set detection period;
calculating the capacitance value of the super capacitor under each sampling period according to the voltage charging curve;
carrying out differential processing on a voltage charging curve of the super capacitor, and calculating the change rate of the voltage charging curve;
and storing the voltage, the current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor capacitance value in a 4 x n matrix form as reference data of the super capacitor, wherein each column comprises a group of voltage, reference current, the voltage charging curve change rate and the super capacitor reference capacitance value.
5. The on-line monitoring method for the status of super capacitor as claimed in claim 1,
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure FDA0002269263220000021
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure FDA0002269263220000022
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
6. The utility model provides a super capacitor state on-line monitoring device which characterized in that includes:
a data acquisition module to: acquiring the charging voltage and the charging current of the super capacitor in the process of charging the super capacitor by the charging device;
a calculation module to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor;
a super-capacitor state determination module to: comparing the obtained charging voltage of the super capacitor with a reference voltage of prestored reference data of the super capacitor, and positioning a reference point in the reference data corresponding to the charging voltage; and comparing the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor with the reference capacitance value of the reference point to determine the current state of the super capacitor.
7. The on-line supercapacitor state monitoring device according to claim 6, further comprising a current regulation output module configured to: according to the determined current state of the super capacitor, the corresponding voltage charging curve change rate and the reference current in the reference data are searched;
comparing the change rate of the charging voltage with the change rate of the corresponding voltage charging curve in the searched reference data; and responding to the fact that the change rate of the charging voltage is within the error range of the change rate of the voltage charging curve, and sending a charging current adjusting instruction to the charging device according to the corresponding reference current in the searched reference data.
8. The on-line supercapacitor state monitoring device according to claim 6, wherein the pre-stored reference data of the supercapacitor comprises a voltage charging curve from a lowest voltage to full charge of the supercapacitor under different combinations, a reference voltage, a reference current, a voltage charging curve change rate and a reference capacitance value of the supercapacitor.
9. The device for online monitoring of the state of the super capacitor according to claim 6, wherein the calculation module is configured to: according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
according to the set detection period, calculating the change rate of the charging voltage and the calculated capacitance value of the super capacitor according to the obtained charging voltage and charging current of the super capacitor; the method comprises the following steps:
rate of change of charging voltage
Figure FDA0002269263220000031
T is a set detection period umThe charging voltage of the super capacitor, u, for the detection periodm-1The charging voltage of the super capacitor in the last detection period;
calculated capacitance value of super capacitor
Figure FDA0002269263220000041
And I is the charging current of the super capacitor in the detection period.
10. A super capacitor charging system, characterized in that, includes the electric network power, the charging device, the charging rail, the ground rail, the super capacitor on the tram and the super capacitor state on-line monitoring device of any claim 6-9, the charging device gets the electricity from the electric network power and exports to the charging rail and the ground rail respectively, the charging device is connected with the super capacitor state on-line monitoring device, is used for receiving the charging current adjustment command that the super capacitor state on-line monitoring device sent, and adjusts the charging current.
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