CN110954940A - First arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation - Google Patents
First arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation, and belongs to the technical field of oil geophysical exploration in the earth science. According to the method, a ground surface consistency model is calculated according to a first arrival result picked up in the early stage, then the ground surface consistency model is detected, the detected abnormal first arrival is processed, whether the ground surface consistency model is qualified or not is judged, if the ground surface consistency model is not qualified, the updated ground surface consistency model is obtained through recalculation, then the updated ground surface consistency model is detected, the detected abnormal first arrival is processed, whether the ground surface consistency model is qualified or not is judged, the steps are repeated until the ground surface consistency model is qualified, and then the first arrival quality control is completed. The method performs first-arrival quality control in actual seismic data based on the earth surface consistency model, can automatically control the first-arrival picking quality, effectively improves the first-arrival automatic picking quality, and greatly reduces the workload of manual interactive modification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil geophysical exploration in the earth science, and particularly relates to a first-arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation.
Background
First arrival picking is a very important link in the seismic data processing process, and the efficiency and accuracy of first arrival picking greatly influence the processing period and the processing quality of actual projects. At present, with the complexity of exploration blocks and the improvement of exploration technologies, the rapid increase of field acquisition amount leads to the rapid increase of seismic data, and more software companies and scientific research institutes also put forward a lot of first arrival automatic pickup modules and first arrival automatic pickup algorithms, for example, chinese patent publication CN201710326043.2 discloses a first arrival pickup method and device based on deep learning, and chinese patent publication CN201611191365.2 discloses a method for improving first arrival pickup efficiency and accuracy by using a demodulator probe static correction iterative method. These modules and algorithms can solve certain first arrival picking problems, but still require significant manual interaction by a handler for first arrival picking and modification to meet the requirements of the production project.
Although various quality control modes are provided in the existing commercial software, the quality control of first arrival is basically carried out through manual interaction, for example, the work of deleting abnormal first arrival, re-picking and the like through visual observation is modified through interaction of a processor, the mode has the defects of very time and labor consumption, the workload of the processor is greatly increased, and generally, for a work area containing about 5 ten thousand cannons, 5 persons are required to pick up first arrival in about two months. And may cause a large deviation in the final result due to different understanding of the respective processors. In view of such a situation, it is necessary to perform automatic quality control on the retrieved first arrivals, so as to reduce the workload of interactive quality control for users.
In recent years, with the rapid increase of seismic data, how to rapidly perform quality control of first arrival pickup results becomes a most concerned problem for processors, and in many commercial software, quality control is performed in a manual interaction manner, although various tools are provided for quality control, the quality control problem is actually fed back to a user, so that help is provided for the user, and meanwhile, the workload of interactive quality control of the user is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a first-arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation, which can automatically control the first-arrival quality and greatly reduce the workload of interactive quality control of users.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a first arrival quality control method based on surface consistency model estimation comprises the steps of calculating a surface consistency model according to first arrival results picked up in the early stage, detecting the surface consistency model, processing detected abnormal first arrivals, judging whether the surface consistency model is qualified or not, if the surface consistency model is not qualified, recalculating to obtain an updated surface consistency model, detecting the updated surface consistency model, processing the detected abnormal first arrivals, judging whether the surface consistency model is qualified or not, repeating the steps until the surface consistency model is qualified, and finishing first arrival quality control.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) sequencing the single-shot first arrival data from small to large according to the offset distance;
(2) dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group, and fitting two straight lines in each group according to different offset distance sections;
(3) calculating a chi-square value of each fit line and the actual value;
(4) calculating a ground surface consistency model;
(5) and (3) detecting the earth surface consistency model, counting the number of the abnormal first arrivals, judging whether the earth surface consistency model is qualified according to the number of the abnormal first arrivals, if not, processing the abnormal first arrivals, then returning to the step (2), and if so, finishing the quality control of the first arrivals.
The operation of the step (1) comprises the following steps:
suppose a single gunThe offset distance defined in the method has positive and negative values, the first arrival data of the single shot are sorted according to the offset distance from small to large, and then the maximum offset distance value off of the single shot is countedmaxAnd a minimum offset value offmin。
The operation of the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group:
for single-shot first arrival data fai,i∈[1，traceNum]Wherein traceNum represents the number of seismic traces in a single shot; fa (fa)i,offseti∈(0,offmax) Positive offset first arrival data; fa (fa)i,offseti∈(offmin0) negative offset first-arrival data; offsetiRepresenting the offset of the ith seismic trace;
(2.2) moving the step size Delta according to the set offsetoffCalculating the number of movements in the positive and negative offsets respectively:
for a positive offset distance segment (0, offmax) The number of times of movement posMoveNum ═ offmax/ΔoffFor the jth move, two offset segments are determined as: (0, j Δ @)off]，(j*Δoff,offmax)；
For negative offset (off)min0), the number of moves negMoveNum ═ offmin/ΔoffFor the jth move, two offset segments are determined as: (off)min,-j*Δoff],(-j*Δoff,0]；
(2.3) first arrival data fa for positive offseti,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, two fit lines are obtained according to the least squares linear fit, which are as follows:
similarly, for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, two fit lines are obtained according to the least square linear fit, which are respectively as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the fitted value of the ith trace at the jth movement;
represents the slope of the jth fitted line;
the intercept of the jth fitting straight line is shown, and the subscripts respectively show a positive offset direct wave, a positive offset refracted wave, a negative offset direct wave and a negative offset refracted wave.
The operation of the step (3) comprises:
(3.1) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is calculated using the following equation:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(0,j*Δoff]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(j*Δoff,offmax) The number of first arrivals; in the above formula faiIs fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) Abbreviations of (a);
for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is calculated using the following equation:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(-j*Δoff,0]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(offmin,-j*Δoff]The number of first arrivals; in the above formula faiIs fai,offseti∈(offminThe abbreviation of 0);
(3.2) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) Intercept offset off of direct and refracted wavesposDir＝jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
For negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), cutoff offset off of its direct wave and refracted wavenegDir＝-jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
The operation of the step (4) comprises the following steps:
finding out the minimum value in the chi-square values calculated in the step (3), namely the minimum chi-square value, and finding out the truncation offset off of the positive offset and the negative offset corresponding to the minimum chi-square valueposDir，offnegDirAnd the slope and intercept of the fitted line corresponding to the minimum chi-square value, and then recording the single shot first arrival data by a surface consistency model as follows:
fitFai＝kposDir*offseti+bposDir,offseti∈(0,offposDir)；
fitFai＝kpoeRef*offseti+bposRef，offseti∈(offposDir,offmax)；
fitFai＝knegDir*offseti+bnegDir,offseti∈(offnegDir,0)；
fitFai＝knegRef*offseti+bnegRef,offseti∈(offmin,offnegDir)；
fitFairepresenting a fitting value corresponding to the ith channel under the minimum chi-square value;
kposDir、kposRef、knegDir、knegRef、bposDir、bposRef、bnegDir、bnegRefrepresents the slope of the direct wave with positive offset distance, the slope of the refracted wave with positive offset distance, the slope of the direct wave with negative offset distance, the slope of the refracted wave with negative offset distance, the intercept of the direct wave with positive offset distance, the intercept of the refracted wave with positive offset distance, the intercept of the direct wave with negative offset distance and the intercept of the refracted wave with negative offset distance corresponding to the minimum chi-square value.
The operation of the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(5.1) calculating sample data sample according to the 4 earth surface consistency models obtained in the step (4)i；
(5.2) calculating all sample data sampleiMean and variance of (var);
(5.3) sequentially judging sample data sample of each seismic channeliWhether the difference from the mean value mean isGreater than 3 times variance var, if yes, judging the seismic channel to be abnormal, and setting the initial value of the seismic channel to be an invalid value, namely fai-INVALID, wherein INVALID is a value less than 0 or equal to 0; if not, judging as a normal seismic channel;
(5.4) after all seismic channels are judged, counting the number abnormalFaNum of INVALID, judging whether the abnormalFaNum is 0, if not, judging that the ground surface consistency model is unqualified, respectively fitting all INVALID values by using adjacent normal channels, then returning to the step (2), and if so, judging that the ground surface consistency model is qualified, namely finishing the first arrival quality control.
The operation of the step (5.1) comprises the following steps:
for different offset distance sections, using a ground surface consistency model corresponding to the offset distance section in the 4 ground surface consistency models, and calculating sample data by using the following formula;
samplei＝fabs(fai-fitFai),offseti∈(offmin,offmax)。
the operation of fitting all invalid values using adjacent normal traces in step (5.4) comprises:
calculating the first-arrival value set as an invalid value by using the following formula, and replacing the corresponding invalid value by the calculated value:
fai＝(fai-1+fai+1)/2。
the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one program executable by a computer, the at least one program, when executed by the computer, causing the computer to perform the steps of the surface-consistent-model-estimation-based first arrival quality control method of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method performs first-arrival quality control in actual seismic data based on the earth surface consistency model, can automatically control the first-arrival picking quality, effectively improves the first-arrival automatic picking quality, and greatly reduces the workload of manual interactive modification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the steps of a first-arrival automatic quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a first fit of a first model of surface-consistent first arrivals;
FIG. 3 shows a second fitted surface consistent first arrival model;
FIG. 4 shows first arrival pick results on shot gather records based on a surface consistency model.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the first arrival pickup is an important link in seismic data processing, but is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and a large amount of manual interactive modification is required for a processor to meet production requirements. The invention relates to a first-arrival automatic quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation. The method has the key contents that according to the type and distribution characteristics of first arrivals, near offset distance direct waves are more, far offset distance refracted waves are more, according to the first arrival results picked up in the early stage, a surface consistency first arrival model is calculated by using statistical methods such as chi-square statistics and the like, then according to the model, the statistical method is used for detecting abnormal first arrivals, normal first arrivals are reserved, abnormal first arrivals are removed, the detected abnormal values are subjected to relevant processing, and the surface consistency first arrival model is updated until the model does not change any more. The specific flow is shown in figure 1:
firstly, acquiring a single-shot-based ground surface consistency first-break model; then selecting abnormal values according to the earth surface consistency model and carrying out appropriate processing; and then judging whether the fitted earth surface consistency model is qualified or not, if so, ending, otherwise, continuously selecting abnormal values according to the fitted earth surface consistency model and processing until the earth surface consistency model is qualified.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) sequencing single-shot first arrival data according to the offset distance from small to large: assuming that the offset defined in a single shot has positive and negative values, counting the maximum offset value off of the single shotmaxAnd minimum offset value offmin；
(2) Dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group, and fitting two straight lines in each group according to different offset distance sections;
(2.1) dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group:
for single-shot first arrival data fai,i∈[1,traceNum]Where traceNum denotes the number of seismic traces in a single shot, fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) First arrival data representing a corresponding positive offset; fa (fa)i,offseti∈(offmin0) represents the first arrival data corresponding to the negative offset;
(2.2) moving the step size Δ according to a given offsetoffCalculating the number of movements in the positive and negative offsets respectively:
for a positive offset distance segment (0, offmax) The number of times of movement is posMoveNum ═ offmax/ΔoffFor the jth move, two offset segments (0, j Δ) may be determinedoff]，(j*Δoff,offmax) (ii) a For negative offset (off)min0), the number of moves is negmovum ═ offmin/Δoff(ii) a Similarly, for the jth move, two offset segments (off) may be determinedmin,-j*Δoff],(-j*Δoff,0]；
(2.3) first arrival data fa for positive offseti,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, two fit lines were obtained from the least squares linear fit, expressed as follows:
offsetirefers to the offset of the ith seismic trace;
similarly, for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, two fit lines are obtained from the least squares linear fit, expressed as follows:
wherein
The slope of the jth fitting straight line is shown, and subscripts are respectively a positive offset direct wave, a positive offset refracted wave, a negative offset direct wave and a negative offset refracted wave;
the intercept of the jth fitting straight line is shown, and subscripts are a positive offset direct wave, a positive offset refracted wave, a negative offset direct wave and a negative offset refracted wave respectively.
(3) Calculating chi-square value of each fit line and actual value by using chi-square test method
(3.1) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is expressed as follows:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(0,j*Δoff]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(j*Δoff,offmax) The number of first arrivals; in the above formula faiIs fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) Abbreviations of (a). For each move, one chi-squared value is calculated, so that multiple moves correspond to multiple chi-squared values.
Similarly, for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is expressed as follows:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(-j*Δoff,0]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(offmin,-j*Δoff]The number of first arrivals. In the above formula faifai,offseti∈(offminAnd 0) abbreviations. For each move, one chi-squared value is calculated, so that multiple moves correspond to multiple chi-squared values.
(3.2) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) The intercept offset distance of the direct wave and the refracted wave is recorded as offposDir＝jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
(i.e., j corresponding to the minimum chi-squared value found in the positive offset distance); same for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin,0) The intercept offset distance of the direct wave and the refracted wave is recorded as offnegDir＝-jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
(i.e., j corresponding to the minimum chi-squared value found in the negative offset);
(4) model for calculating earth surface consistency
Respectively calculating the cutoff positions off of the positive and negative offsets corresponding to the minimum chi-square value according to the stepsposDir，offnegDirFinding the slope and intercept of the fitted line corresponding to the minimum chi-square value, and then recording the surface consistency model of the single shot first arrival data as follows:
fitFai＝kposDir*offseti+bposDir,offseti∈(0,offposDir)；
fitFai＝kposRef*offseti+bposRef,offseti∈(offposDir,offmax)；
fitFai＝knegDir*offseti+bnegDir,offseti∈(offnegDir,0)；
fitFai＝knegRef*offseti+bnegRef,offseti∈(offmin,offnegDir)；
fitFairepresenting a fitting value corresponding to the ith channel under the minimum chi-square value;
kposDir、kposRef、knegDir、knegRef、bposDir、bposRef、bnegDir、bnegRefthe positive offset direct wave slope, the positive offset refracted wave slope, the negative offset direct wave slope, the negative offset refracted wave slope, the positive offset direct wave intercept, the positive offset refracted wave intercept, the negative offset direct wave intercept and the negative offset refracted wave intercept corresponding to the minimum chi-squared value are shown.
(5) Removing abnormal first arrivals with variance more than 3 times according to the earth surface consistency model (step (5) is to process one shot data)
(5.1) calculating sample data according to the ground surface consistency model of the single-shot first arrival data calculated in the step (4), wherein the sample data is expressed as follows: samplei＝fabs(fai-fitFai),offseti∈(offmin,offmax) Obviously, for different offset segments, different surface-consistent model parameters are used for the calculations.
(5.2) calculating all sample data sampleiMean and variance var.
(5.3) removing abnormal first arrivals with variance more than 3 times, namely if sample data sample of a certain seismic channeliIf the difference value with the mean value is more than 3 times of variance, the seismic channel is judged to be an abnormal seismic channel, and if the seismic channel is an abnormal seismic channel, the initial value of the channel is set to be an invalid value, namely fai-INVALID, wherein INVALID is a value less than 0 or equal to 0; if sample data sample of a certain seismic traceiIf the difference value with the mean value is not more than 3 times of variance, the seismic channel is judged to be a normal seismic channel, and no processing is carried out. And sequentially judging all seismic channels.
(5.4) after all seismic traces are judged, counting the number of INVALID, namely the number abnormalFaNum of the removed abnormal first arrivals, if the abnormalFaNum is 0, indicating that no abnormal value larger than 3 times of variance exists, judging that the model is qualified, and ending; otherwise, fitting all invalid values by using adjacent normal tracks, then returning to the step (2), restarting to calculate the surface consistency model, and then finding out and removing the abnormal values.
The procedure for fitting the invalid value using the adjacent normal trace is as follows:
and (3) after the adjacent normal tracks are used for fitting the abnormal first arrivals, the whole first arrival value is changed, when the calculation is carried out again, the steps (2) to (5) are carried out on the modified first arrivals, and the quality control of the first arrivals is realized by continuously modifying the abnormal first arrival values.
In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the loess tableland data with low signal-to-noise ratio and large elevation change is selected for testing, and a ground surface consistency model is fitted according to the first arrivals that have been picked up, as shown in fig. 2, the abscissa in fig. 2 is the offset, and the ordinate is the first arrival value, in fig. 2, the dots represent the offset of the receiving points and the two-dimensional plane graph of the first arrival value, and the straight lines represent the offset of the receiving points and the two-dimensional plane graph of the ground surface consistency first arrival model, so that the ground surface consistency model is more accurate.
According to the ground surface consistency model obtained by the first fitting, the abnormal first arrival is removed, the second fitting is performed, the fitting result is shown in fig. 3, as can be seen from fig. 3, the first arrival point of the picked abnormality is removed by using the ground surface consistency model, and the complement value of the first arrival is performed again on the basis, so that the result is more accurate and closer to the ground surface consistency model, wherein the first arrival values of 5 receiving points are zero values (identified by a small circle in fig. 3 (the second circle in fig. 3 contains 2 zero value points), the seismic traces corresponding to the 5 receiving points are all empty traces and belong to abnormal seismic traces), and by comparing the shot gather record in fig. 4 (the ordinate in fig. 4 is time, the unit is ms, and the abscissa is trace number.), it can be seen that the seismic trace with the first arrival value being zero is an abnormal trace, and the value is denoted as zero as invalid value.
The invention is a key content in the first-arrival automatic processing flow, which is an important method for controlling the first-arrival quality, and how to use the invention is given as follows:
1. acquiring a first arrival automatic pickup result in a certain method;
2. assigning offset step length as 50, and respectively calculating chi-square values under different partitions;
3. obtaining a ground surface consistency first arrival estimation model according to the minimum chi-square value;
4. removing the abnormal first arrival according to the obtained model, and performing value compensation, namely fitting the value by using an adjacent normal channel;
5. and calculating the earth surface consistency model according to the processed first arrival until the model does not change any more.
According to the invention, the first arrival quality control technology based on the earth surface consistency model is utilized, the accuracy of automatic first arrival picking can be obviously improved aiming at low signal-to-noise ratio data, and the workload of modifying the first arrival through manual interaction is greatly reduced. The method is already used in afapa first-arrival picking software, and the method has good effect through the test of 70 ten thousand cannon seismic data.
The above-described embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be easily made based on the application and principle of the present invention disclosed in the present application, and the present invention is not limited to the method described in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, so that the above-described embodiment is only preferred, and not restrictive.
Claims (10)
1. A first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation is characterized by comprising the following steps: according to the method, a ground surface consistency model is calculated according to a first arrival result picked up in the early stage, then the ground surface consistency model is detected, the detected abnormal first arrival is processed, whether the ground surface consistency model is qualified or not is judged, if the ground surface consistency model is not qualified, the updated ground surface consistency model is obtained through recalculation, then the updated ground surface consistency model is detected, the detected abnormal first arrival is processed, whether the ground surface consistency model is qualified or not is judged, the steps are repeated until the ground surface consistency model is qualified, and then the first arrival quality control is completed.
2. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) sequencing the single-shot first arrival data from small to large according to the offset distance;
(2) dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group, and fitting two straight lines in each group according to different offset distance sections;
(3) calculating a chi-square value of each fit line and the actual value;
(4) calculating a ground surface consistency model;
(5) and (3) detecting the earth surface consistency model, counting the number of the abnormal first arrivals, judging whether the earth surface consistency model is qualified according to the number of the abnormal first arrivals, if not, processing the abnormal first arrivals, then returning to the step (2), and if so, finishing the quality control of the first arrivals.
3. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (1) comprises the following steps:
assuming that the offset distance defined in the single shot has positive and negative values, sorting the first-arrival data of the single shot from small to large according to the offset distance, and then counting the maximum offset distance value off of the single shotmaxAnd a minimum offset value offmin。
4. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) dividing single shot first arrival data into a positive group and a negative group:
for single-shot first arrival data fai,i∈[1，traceNum]Wherein traceNum represents the number of seismic traces in a single shot; fa (fa)i,offseti∈(0,offmax) Positive offset first arrival data; fa (fa)i,offseti∈(offmin0) negative offset first-arrival data; offsetiRepresenting the offset of the ith seismic trace;
(2.2) moving the step size Delta according to the set offsetoffCalculating the number of movements in the positive and negative offsets respectively:
for a positive offset distance segment (0, offmax) The number of times of movement posMoveNum ═ offmax/ΔoffFor the jth move, two offset segments are determined as: (0, j Δ @)off]，(j*Δoff,offmax)；
For negative offset (off)min0), the number of moves negMoveNum ═ offmin/ΔoffFor the jth move, two offset segments are determined as: (off)min,-j*Δoff],(-j*Δoff,0]；
(2.3) for positiveOffset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, two fit lines are obtained according to the least squares linear fit, which are as follows:
similarly, for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, two fit lines are obtained according to the least square linear fit, which are respectively as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
represents the fitted value of the ith trace at the jth movement;
represents the slope of the jth fitted line;
the intercept of the jth fitting straight line is shown, and the subscripts respectively show a positive offset direct wave, a positive offset refracted wave, a negative offset direct wave and a negative offset refracted wave.
5. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (3) comprises:
(3.1) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) For the j ∈ (0, posMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is calculated using the following equation:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(0,j*Δoff]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(j*Δoff,offmax) The number of first arrivals; in the above formula faiIs fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) Abbreviations of (a);
for negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), for the j ∈ (0, negMoveNum) moves, its chi-squared value is calculated using the following equation:
wherein
Indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(-j*Δoff,0]The number of the first arrivals of the first-time image,
indicating that offset is satisfiedi∈(offmin,-j*Δoff]The number of first arrivals; in the above formula faiIs fai,offseti∈(offminThe abbreviation of 0);
(3.2) for Positive offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(0,offmax) Intercept offset off of direct and refracted wavesposDir＝jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
For negative offset first arrival data fai,offseti∈(offmin0), cutoff offset off of its direct wave and refracted wavenegDir＝-jmin*ΔoffWherein j isminSatisfy the requirement of
6. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (4) comprises the following steps:
finding out the minimum value in the chi-square values calculated in the step (3), namely the minimum chi-square value, and finding out the truncation offset off of the positive offset and the negative offset corresponding to the minimum chi-square valueposDir，offnegDirAnd the slope and intercept of the fitted line corresponding to the minimum chi-square value, and then recording the single shot first arrival data by a surface consistency model as follows:
fitFai＝kposDir*offseti+bposDir，offseti∈(0,offposDir)；
fitFai＝kposRef*offseti+bposRef,offseti∈(offposDir,offmax)；
fitFai＝knegDir*offseti+bnegDir,offseti∈(offnegDir,0)；
fitFai＝knegRef*offseti+bnegRef,offseti∈(offmin,offnegDir)；
fitFairepresenting a fitting value corresponding to the ith channel under the minimum chi-square value;
kposDir、kposRef、knegDir、knegRef、bposDir、bposRef、bnegDir、bnegRefrepresents the slope of the direct wave with positive offset distance, the slope of the refracted wave with positive offset distance, the slope of the direct wave with negative offset distance, the slope of the refracted wave with negative offset distance, the intercept of the direct wave with positive offset distance, the intercept of the refracted wave with positive offset distance, the intercept of the direct wave with negative offset distance and the intercept of the refracted wave with negative offset distance corresponding to the minimum chi-square value.
7. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(5.1) calculating sample data sample according to the 4 earth surface consistency models obtained in the step (4)i；
(5.2) calculating all sample data sampleiMean and variance of (var);
(5.3) sequentially judging sample data sample of each seismic channeliWhether the difference value with the mean value mean is greater than 3 times of the variance var, if so, the seismic channel is judged to be an abnormal seismic channel, and then the initial value of the seismic channel is set to be an invalid value, namely fai-INVALID, wherein INVALID is a value less than 0 or equal to 0; if not, judging as a normal seismic channel;
(5.4) after all seismic channels are judged, counting the number abnormalFaNum of INVALID, judging whether the abnormalFaNum is 0, if not, judging that the ground surface consistency model is unqualified, respectively fitting all INVALID values by using adjacent normal channels, then returning to the step (2), and if so, judging that the ground surface consistency model is qualified, namely finishing the first arrival quality control.
8. The first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of the step (5.1) comprises the following steps:
for different offset distance sections, using a ground surface consistency model corresponding to the offset distance section in the 4 ground surface consistency models, and calculating sample data by using the following formula;
samplei＝fabs(fai-fitFai),offseti∈(offmin,offmax)。
9. the first arrival quality control method based on earth surface consistency model estimation according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the operation of fitting all invalid values using adjacent normal traces in step (5.4) comprises:
calculating the first-arrival value set as an invalid value by using the following formula, and replacing the corresponding invalid value by the calculated value:
fai＝(fai-1+fai+1)/2。
10. a computer-readable storage medium characterized by: the computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program executable by a computer, the at least one program, when executed by the computer, causing the computer to perform the steps of the surface-consistent-model-estimation-based first-arrival quality control method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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