CN110953597A - High-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device and energy utilization method - Google Patents
High-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device and energy utilization method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L7/00—Supplying non-combustible liquids or gases, other than air, to the fire, e.g. oxygen, steam
- F23L7/007—Supplying oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device and a energy utilization method, which comprise the following steps: s1, installing a high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device in a boiler combustion area, arranging a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun in the center of a burner, and S2, enabling waste gas to enter a furnace from an inlet of the spray gun through the spray gun, and arranging an air channel shell at the periphery of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun; and S3, feeding oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen from an oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen inlet at the other end of the air duct shell. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the existing equipment is utilized, no new construction is needed, the reconstruction is simple, and only holes are needed to be formed or holes of the original combustor are utilized, so the implementation period is short and the cost is low; because the flame temperature in the boiler (coal-fired, gas-fired or oil-fired boiler) is high, the sulfide in the high-sulfur waste gas is thoroughly decomposed, the stay time in the boiler is long, and the reaction is more sufficient; oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is only fed to the periphery of the waste gas spray gun, the equipment is simple, the investment cost is saved, and the whole system has simple and easy process and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for utilizing high-sulfur waste gas, in particular to a method for harmless energy recovery treatment of organic waste gas containing high-concentration sulfide.
Background
Sulfur-containing waste gas is harmful waste discharged in many industrial reaction processes, not only causes serious pollution to the environment, such as improper treatment, but also causes secondary pollution, and is waste gas harmful to the environment, animals, plants and human beings, so how to control, treat or recycle the waste gas and realize harmless and resource treatment is always a great concern of people. As a main approach for clean and efficient utilization of coal, in recent years, coal chemical industry is developed rapidly in China, a plurality of large-scale coal chemical engineering projects are newly developed in most areas of the country, and the pollution related to the environment is just the main reason for limited popularization of coal chemical enterprises. For example, in the process of preparing natural gas from coal, various acidic waste gases, especially low-formic acid gas, containing extremely high H content are generated2S concentration, some up to hundreds of thousands mg/m3And also contains various other harmful substances and hydrocarbons, so that the organic waste gas has a certain heat value and is called as organic waste gas. The acidic organic waste gas needs to be treated harmlessly, otherwise, the acidic organic waste gas pollutes the atmospheric environment and affects the health of people.
The currently applied high-sulfur organic waste gas treatment technologies include adsorption, biological, membrane-based absorption, catalytic combustion, and the like. The adsorption method uses an adsorbent to absorb the waste gas, is suitable for the conditions of low concentration and large air quantity, and needs to regularly regenerate the adsorbent to ensure the removal effect; biological processes use microorganisms to ultimately decompose organic matter in exhaust gas to CO2And H2O, the method has low cost and simple process, but occupies large area and can degrade organic mattersLess; the membrane-based absorption method uses a hollow fiber microporous membrane to absorb organic matters in the waste gas and transfer the organic matters into an absorbent, the whole process flow looks simple and has high efficiency, but the requirement on the absorbent is met, the absorbent is nontoxic and harmless, and the pressure of the waste gas on two sides of the membrane is required to be greater than that of the absorbent in the absorption process, so that the whole process is continuously effective; the catalytic combustion method can decompose the waste gas when less auxiliary fuel is consumed, and has the defects of higher catalyst cost, further treatment of secondary pollutants and improvement of the treatment cost of the whole process. Therefore, the methods have the problems of high cost, incomplete treatment, easy secondary pollution, energy waste and the like in different degrees.
In recent years, the introduction of high sulfur exhaust gas into boiler combustion has been attracting attention, but in practice it has been found that direct introduction into boiler combustion produces high concentrations of H at early stages of combustion or in localized locations within the furnace due to untimely or localized oxygen deficit from the supply of oxygen2S and elemental sulfur, as a result, high-temperature corrosion occurs on the heating surface of the boiler, the safety of the heating surface of the boiler is seriously influenced, and meanwhile, elemental sulfur occurs in a tail flue gas desulfurization system, so that the treatment of a desulfurization byproduct and desulfurization waste liquid is directly influenced, and the long-term continuous operation cannot be normally carried out. Therefore, a new technology for harmless resource recycling of high-concentration sulfur-containing waste gas with high efficiency and low cost is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device with reasonable structure, high efficiency and low cost and a recycling method.
The high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device comprises a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun, an air channel shell, an annular air channel, a high-sulfur waste gas inlet and an oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen inlet, wherein the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun is positioned in the air channel shell, an annular air channel is formed between the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun and the air channel shell, one end of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun is connected with the high-sulfur waste gas inlet, and the air channel shell is connected with the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen inlet.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun is positioned on the axis of the air duct shell.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun and the air duct shell to form the annular air duct is 50-200 mm.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen inlets connected with the air duct shell are two in number.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the muzzle of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun is flush with the outlet of the air duct shell.
The energy utilization method of the high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device comprises the following steps:
s1, a high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device is arranged in a combustion area of a boiler, a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun is arranged in the center of a combustor,
s2, enabling waste gas to enter the furnace through a spray gun from an inlet of the spray gun, and arranging an air channel shell at the periphery of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun;
s3, feeding oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen from an oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen inlet at the other end of the air duct shell; forming oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen annular wind, on one hand, providing oxygen required by high-sulfur waste gas decomposition and organic matter combustion, and on the other hand, forming an annular high-speed gas film around the waste gas after the waste gas enters the boiler to prevent reducing atmosphere or inert gas in a hearth from permeating into waste gas jet flow;
s4, after the high-sulfur waste gas enters the furnace, the high-sulfur waste gas is quickly decomposed and combusted in a high-temperature and oxygen-enriched environment, SO that sulfides and hydrocarbons in the waste gas are fully reacted and converted into SO2、CO2And H2Gas phase components such as O and the like are absorbed by a purifying device at the tail part of the boiler.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the distance between the duct shell and the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun in the S2 is determined according to the capacity of the burner, and ranges from 50mm to 200 mm.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the oxygen-enriched concentration in the S3 is 25-90% volume concentration, wherein more than 90% is pure oxygen.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: in S3, the temperature range of oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is 25-300 ℃ according to the heat value of the high-sulfur waste gas.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: s3, the sectional area of the annular air duct is determined according to the wind speed of oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen, the wind speed is 50-80m/S, and the annular wind jet penetrates to the center of the hearth.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the existing equipment is utilized, new construction is not needed, the improvement is simple, and only holes are needed or holes of the original combustor are utilized, so that the implementation period is short and the cost is low.
(2) Because the flame temperature in the boiler (coal, gas or oil fired boiler) is high, the sulfide in the high-sulfur waste gas is thoroughly decomposed, the stay time in the boiler is long, and the reaction is more sufficient.
(3) Oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is adopted, reducing atmosphere is greatly reduced or eliminated, and H is effectively prevented2S or elemental sulfur is generated, the decomposition and combustion reaction speed is greatly improved, in addition, the oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen is adopted, the flue gas generated by the reaction is relatively less, the influence on the original boiler and auxiliary equipment is small, and the boiler and the auxiliary equipment are not required to be reformed.
(4) Oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is only fed to the periphery of the waste gas spray gun, the equipment is simple, the investment cost is saved, and the whole system has simple and easy process and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1, an air duct shell 2, an annular air duct 3, a high-sulfur waste gas inlet 4 and an oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen inlet 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The implementation process of the invention is shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2: the high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device in figure 1 is installed in the combustion area of a boiler, a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1 is arranged in the center of a burner, waste gas enters a furnace through the spray gun from a high-sulfur waste gas inlet 4 of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1, an oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen annular air channel 2 is arranged at the periphery of the spray gun and used for providing oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen required by waste gas decomposition and combustion, a certain distance 3 is kept between the annular air channel 3 and the central high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1, and the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is sent in through two inlets 5 at the other end of an.
After the high-sulfur waste gas enters the furnace, the high-sulfur waste gas is quickly decomposed and combusted in a high-temperature and oxygen-enriched environment, SO that sulfides and hydrocarbons in the waste gas are fully reacted, converted into gas-phase components such as SO2, CO2 and H2O, and absorbed by a purification device at the tail of the boiler. Because the combustion-supporting gas of oxygen enrichment and pure oxygen is adopted, the high-sulfur waste gas can not generate H2S, elemental sulfur and other more harmful components, the generated flue gas amount is greatly reduced compared with the combustion-supporting gas of air, the influence on the heating surface and heat transfer of the boiler and the influence on auxiliary equipment of the boiler are small, and the improvement is not needed. Therefore, the harmlessness, the resource utilization and the energy recovery utilization of the high-concentration sulfur-containing waste gas are finally realized.
The technical points of the invention are as follows:
(1) high-sulfur organic waste gas is directly fed into a boiler by utilizing a combustion boiler (coal-fired, gas-fired or oil-fired boiler and the like) provided by a coal chemical industry enterprise, and is fully decomposed to generate SO under the high-temperature and oxygen-enriched environment2And H2Removing SO from O and other substances by using existing desulfurization facilities of boiler2And the quick decomposition of harmful substances in the high-sulfur waste gas and the full recycling of the heat value are realized.
(2) The biggest problem of burning high-sulfur exhaust gas in a boiler is that H is easily generated due to insufficient oxygen2S, and separating out the simple substance S. The former can cause high-temperature corrosion of a boiler heat receiver, and influence the safe and economic operation of the boiler; the latter can affect the desulfurization system at the tail of the boiler, cause the quality of the desulfurization product to be reduced, affect the selling price of the desulfurization by-products and even can not be sold in the market. Aiming at the problems, the core technology of the invention is to adopt oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen to form high-concentration oxygen atmosphere around the high-sulfur waste gas when the high-sulfur waste gas enters the hearth SO as to ensure sufficient oxidizing atmosphere and convert most of sulfides in the high-sulfur waste gas into SO in time2Prevent H2S and elemental sulphur generation.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
(1) the high-sulfur waste gas jet hole is newly arranged in the combustion area of the boiler, and the original burner hole on the boiler can be utilized to directly replace the burner hole.
(2) In the opening is arranged a high sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device of the embodiment, which comprises a central high sulfur exhaust gas lance 1 and a peripheral annular air duct 3.
(3) The oxygen concentration required for the decomposition or combustion of the high-sulfur waste gas is very important, and the higher the concentration is, the more favorable the quick and thorough decomposition and combustion of the waste gas are, and the H is avoided2S and elemental sulfur. Therefore, the oxygen-enriched concentration is generally 25-90% (volume concentration, wherein more than 90% is pure oxygen).
(4) The temperature of the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen can be normal temperature, or the temperature of the oxygen can be increased according to the heat value of the high-sulfur waste gas, and the range is 25-300 ℃.
The high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1 is a common low-heat value gas nozzle and can be purchased in the open market according to the heat value, the flow and the inlet pressure.
The oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen annular wind provides oxygen required by high-sulfur waste gas decomposition and organic matter combustion on one hand, and on the other hand, after the waste gas enters the boiler, an annular high-speed gas film is formed around the waste gas to prevent reducing atmosphere or inert gas in a hearth from permeating into waste gas jet flow to prevent H from being formed2S and elemental sulfur, ensuring that the waste gas has sufficient oxygen to carry out chemical reaction.
The wind speed of the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen annular wind is designed to be 50-80m/s at a high speed so as to ensure that the annular wind jet can penetrate through the center of the hearth and ensure that the high-sulfur waste gas can play a role in effective reaction time.
The area size of the outlet of the annular air duct 3 is determined according to the wind speed and the required wind quantity. The distance between the air duct shell 2 and the central high-sulfur waste gas spray gun 1 is determined according to the capacity and the size of the burner, and is generally 50mm-200 mm.
Claims (10)
1. A high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device is characterized in that: including high sulfur waste gas spray gun (1), wind channel shell (2), annular wind channel (3), high sulfur waste gas entry (4) and oxygen boosting or pure oxygen entry (5), high sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) is located wind channel shell (2), forms annular wind channel (3) between high sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) and wind channel shell (2), and high sulfur waste gas entry (4) are connected to high sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) one end, and wind channel shell (2) are connected with oxygen boosting or pure oxygen entry (5).
2. The high sulfur exhaust rich combustion device of claim 1, wherein: the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) is positioned on the axis of the air duct shell (2).
3. The high sulfur exhaust rich combustion device of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) and the air duct shell (2) to form the annular air duct (3) is 50-200 mm.
4. The high sulfur exhaust rich combustion device of claim 1, wherein: the oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen inlets (5) connected with the air duct shell (2) are two in number.
5. The high sulfur exhaust rich combustion device of claim 1, wherein: the muzzle of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) is flush with the outlet of the air duct shell (2).
6. A method for energy utilization of the high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, a high-sulfur waste gas rich combustion device is arranged in a combustion area of a boiler, a high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) is arranged in the center of a combustor,
s2, waste gas enters the furnace from an inlet (4) of the spray gun through the spray gun, and an air channel shell (2) is arranged at the periphery of the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1);
s3, feeding oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen through an oxygen enrichment or pure oxygen inlet (5) at the other end of the air duct shell (2); forming oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen annular wind, on one hand, providing oxygen required by high-sulfur waste gas decomposition and organic matter combustion, and on the other hand, forming an annular high-speed gas film around the waste gas after the waste gas enters the boiler to prevent reducing atmosphere or inert gas in a hearth from permeating into waste gas jet flow;
s4, after the high-sulfur waste gas enters the furnace, the high-sulfur waste gas is quickly decomposed and combusted in a high-temperature and oxygen-enriched environment, SO that sulfides and hydrocarbons in the waste gas are fully reacted and converted into SO2、CO2And H2Gas phase components such as O and the like are absorbed by a purifying device at the tail part of the boiler.
7. The method for energy utilization of a high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the distance between the air duct shell (2) and the high-sulfur waste gas spray gun (1) in the S2 is determined according to the capacity of the burner, and the range is 50-200 mm.
8. The method for energy utilization of a high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the oxygen-enriched concentration in the S3 is 25-90% volume concentration, wherein more than 90% is pure oxygen.
9. The method for energy utilization of a high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: in S3, the temperature range of oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen is 25-300 ℃ according to the heat value of the high-sulfur waste gas.
10. The method for energy utilization of a high-sulfur exhaust gas rich combustion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the sectional area size of the annular air duct (3) in the S3 is determined according to the wind speed of oxygen-enriched or pure oxygen, the wind speed is within the range of 50-80m/S, and the annular wind jet penetrates to the center of the hearth.
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CN111425181A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-17 | 新疆华隆油田科技股份有限公司 | Method for treating and recycling poisonous and flammable gas in oil well produced liquid and special device |
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