CN110951486A - Light-adjustable room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Light-adjustable room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a light-adjustable room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of luminescent carbon nano material preparation. Weighing different inorganic salt powders, placing the inorganic salt powders in a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Then grinding the carbon source and the mixed salt system, placing the ground carbon source and the mixed salt system in a crucible, preserving the heat for 2-6 hours at the temperature rising rate of 8-12 ℃ and the temperature of 400 ℃, and cooling the temperature to the room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with the room-temperature phosphorescence. The method effectively solves the problems of complex preparation method, expensive raw materials, high toxicity and short-wavelength phosphorescence emission of the existing phosphorescence material, and can simply prepare the room temperature phosphorescence material with light adjustability in large batch.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of manufacturing of functional luminescent carbon materials, relates to a light-adjustable room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material, and a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a simple and green molten salt method for preparing a light-adjustable long-life room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material and application thereof in multiple fields.
Background
Phosphorescence, as a delayed luminescence form, has the characteristics of long lifetime of triplet excited state, large Stokes shift and the like, so that the phosphorescence-based analysis method can effectively eliminate the interference of fluorescence and background scattered light from cells in a living body, reduce the superposition of excitation and emission spectra and the self-absorption phenomenon, and further improve the accuracy and sensitivity of target detection. However, phosphorescence belongs to forbidden transition, and excited molecules have short lifetime and are easily deactivated by collision with solvent molecules or quenched by paramagnetic substances, resulting in the decrease or disappearance of phosphorescence in a fluid medium at room temperature.
At present, most of room temperature phosphorescent materials are inorganic substances or metal organic complexes containing noble metals, and the materials are high in price, high in toxicity and harmful to the environment. Pure organic compounds have large non-radiative rate constants and small spin-orbit coupling, excited triplet state energy of the pure organic compounds is easy to inactivate through a thermodynamic vibration and collision process or exposure and contact with a quenching factor, and therefore phosphorescence is usually realized through means such as crystals, metal organic frameworks, aromatic carbonyl compounds and heavy atoms. However, these methods have complicated synthesis steps, require specific matrix materials or use toxic organic solvents to implement the methods, and the prepared room temperature phosphorescent materials have difficulty in achieving both luminous efficiency and lifetime.
As a novel photoluminescence nano material, the carbon dot has the advantages of wide raw material, low toxicity, good water solubility, excellent biocompatibility, stronger chemical stability, higher photobleaching resistance and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of environment, energy, luminescent devices, drug delivery, biosensing and the like. The reported work mostly embeds carbon dots into a solid matrix to obtain room temperature phosphorescence, for example, Lu and the like take hydrotalcite as the matrix, and the room temperature phosphorescence is induced by utilizing the domain limiting effect of double-layer hydroxide and the spin-orbit coupling effect of non-noble metal, and Lin and the like take polymers as the matrix, so that the vibration and rotation of functional groups on the surfaces of the carbon dots are effectively limited through the hydrogen bonding effect, and further, the non-radiative transition is inhibited, and the carbon dots have room temperature phosphorescence characteristics. For another example, Rogach et al incorporate carbon dots into barium sulfate crystals in an aqueous system, and rely on the confinement effect of the crystals to inhibit non-radiative transitions and stabilize triplet excited states to obtain solid green phosphorescent carbon dots. However, these methods have some disadvantages to be solved: 1) the experimental steps are complicated, the period is long, and the mass preparation is difficult; 2) the properties of the carbon dots greatly depend on the selection of the solid matrix, the material form is single and difficult to regulate, the carbon dots are mostly film-shaped or block-shaped, and the particle size is large; 3) phosphorescent carbon dots are mostly blue or green in color, lacking long wavelength emission.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a universal molten salt method which is easy to produce in mass and simple to operate, and the solid phase synthesis has long service life and light-adjustable room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for preparing room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots comprises the following steps:
(1) adding inorganic salt into water, fully stirring to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution or an inorganic salt suspension, and drying the inorganic salt solution to obtain a mixed salt system, or directly mixing the inorganic salt to obtain the mixed salt system;
(2) and (2) mixing and grinding a carbon source and the mixed salt system obtained in the step (1), heating to 140-400 ℃ for carbonization, keeping the temperature for 2-6 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the carbon dot material with room-temperature phosphorescence, wherein the inorganic salt is one or more of chloride, nitrate, sulfate and nitrite of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
In one embodiment of the invention, the composition and the amount of the inorganic salt are adjusted, and the melting temperature of the mixed salt system is controlled to be 140-400 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the carbon source to the mixed salt system is 1 (5-20).
In one embodiment of the present invention, the mixed salt system is preferably prepared by the following method: and (2) mixing inorganic salt and adding the inorganic salt into water or directly adding the inorganic salt into the water, fully stirring to obtain a mixed salt water solution, and drying the mixed salt water solution to obtain a mixed salt system.
In one embodiment of the invention, ions formed in the mixed salt aqueous solution are assembled by electrostatic interaction to form a protective matrix that stabilizes the phosphorescent luminophore.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the drying method is preferably vacuum freeze-drying or liquid nitrogen freeze-drying.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source is any one or more of an aliphatic compound, an aromatic compound, a heterocyclic compound, or a high molecular polymer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the carbon source is one or more selected from 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, p-phenylenediamine, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, benzimidazole, m-phenylenediamine, L-lysine, chitosan, p-aminobenzoic acid, citric acid, glucose, ascorbic acid and dopamine.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature increase rate of the temperature increase is 8 to 12 ℃/min.
In one embodiment of the invention, the means for elevating the temperature comprises any one of a muffle furnace, a tube furnace or an oven.
The invention further provides the room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material prepared by the method.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots have a particle size ranging from 1.75 to 3.25nm and an average particle size of 2.33 nm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot has room temperature phosphorescent emission of different wavelengths at different excitation wavelengths, and the room temperature phosphorescent emission wavelength is red-shifted with the increase of the excitation wavelength, i.e. room temperature phosphorescent properties with tunability.
In one embodiment of the invention, the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots are synthesized in situ in the molten salt matrix, the method is different from the hydrothermal/solvothermal liquid phase environment in the prior art, the molten salt and the carbon source precursor are fully and uniformly mixed by utilizing the simplicity of the solid phase synthesis environment, the carbon source molecules are prevented from contacting with each other, and the effect of fixing a template is achieved. The molten salt has good thermal stability, high heat conductivity and high dissolving capacity, so that the molecular diffusivity is increased in the carbonization process, the carbonization process is accelerated, and carbon sources can be mutually crosslinked and further carbonized to form carbon dots. Upon cooling to room temperature, the molten salt recrystallizes to form a rigid structure that can stabilize triplet excitons and suppress non-radiative decay resulting from intramolecular interactions, facilitating intersystem crossing between excited singlet states to excited triplet states. In addition, the recrystallized salt solid medium can isolate triplet oxygen in the atmosphere and reduce non-radiation inactivation, so that the carbon dots prepared by the method have macroscopic room-temperature phosphorescent properties.
Finally, the invention also provides the application of the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot in the fields of information protection, anti-counterfeiting, biological imaging or photoelectric equipment.
The invention also provides anti-counterfeiting ink containing the room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dots.
The invention also provides anti-counterfeiting equipment comprising the room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dots.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1) the method has simple operation steps, does not need complex instruments and separation processes, does not need low-temperature and oxygen-free environments, has universality, can be prepared in large quantities, and is suitable for industrial production.
2) The invention has cheap raw materials, wide sources and low cost.
3) The room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention has longer phosphorescent service life and good phosphorescent property, the carbon dot has room temperature phosphorescent emission with different wavelengths under different excitation wavelengths, and the room temperature phosphorescent emission wavelength is red shifted along with the increase of the excitation wavelength, namely the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot with adjustable light is prepared by a molten salt method for the first time.
4) The room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot prepared by the invention has application value in the fields of information protection, anti-counterfeiting, biological imaging, photoelectric equipment and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photograph of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1.
Fig. 2 is a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) photograph of the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the fluorescence and phosphorus spectra of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1.
FIG. 4 is a photograph of the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1 under 365nm and 395nm UV lamp illumination and a phosphorescent photograph with the UV lamp removed.
FIG. 5 is a graph of normalized phosphorus spectra for room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1 at different excitation wavelengths.
FIG. 6 is a time-resolved spectrum of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a dual anti-counterfeit mark constructed by room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 1 (photographs of 365nm and 395nm ultraviolet lamps after stopping irradiation).
FIG. 8 is a graph of the absorbance, fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 2, inset are photographs under daylight, 365nm UV lamp, and phosphorescence with the UV lamp removed.
FIG. 9 is a graph of the absorbance, fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra of room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots of example 3, inset are photographs under daylight, 365nm UV lamp, and phosphorescence with the UV lamp removed.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Transmission electron microscopy: tecnai GI F20U-TWIN Transmission Electron microscope (200KV accelerating voltage).
A fluorescence spectrometer: horiba JobinYvon Fluoromax 4C-L (France) spectrophotometer
Example 1
Weighing 7.5g of potassium nitrate and 2.5g of sodium chloride powder (with the melting temperature of 350 ℃) and placing the potassium nitrate and the sodium chloride powder into a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, then carrying out vacuum freeze drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Weighing 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene and the mixed salt system, placing the mixture into a crucible, heating the mixture to 350 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3 hours at 350 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain the carbon dots with room-temperature phosphorescence.
The scanning electron micrograph of the obtained powder is shown in FIG. 1, and the obtained material has an oval shape or a rod shape and a size of about 50 nm. The powder was dispersed in acetone and subjected to transmission electron microscopy, the results of which are shown in fig. 2, indicating that carbon quantum dots having a diameter of about 2-3nm were dispersed in a molten salt matrix of about 50nm, indicating that carbon quantum dots were successfully prepared in situ using a molten salt method.
The fluorescence property of the material is tested by a fluorescence spectrometer, and the result is shown in figure 3, and the prepared material has the optimal fluorescence emission at 508nm and the optimal phosphorescence emission at 566 nm. Thus, there is a stokes shift of 58nm between fluorescent and room temperature phosphorescent emission, probably due to energy loss from multiple non-radiative transitions from the first excited singlet state to the excited triplet state. FIG. 4 shows that under 365nm UV lamp, the obtained powder shows green fluorescence, when the UV lamp is turned off, the powder can still continue to show green visible to the naked eye for a few seconds, when the ultraviolet lamp is switched to 395nm UV lamp for irradiation and turned off, the phosphorescence of the powder is changed from green to yellow, and therefore, the room temperature phosphorescence carbon dots prepared by the invention have room temperature phosphorescence emission with different wavelengths under different excitation wavelengths. When the excitation wavelength is gradually changed from 360nm to 440nm, the phosphorescence emission peak of the room temperature phosphorescence carbon dot is red-shifted from 510nm to 573nm (see fig. 5), which shows that the prepared carbon dot has excitation-dependent phosphorescence, and the color of phosphorescence emission can be adjusted by changing the excitation wavelength, namely, the room temperature phosphorescence property with tunability is provided. Fig. 6 is a time-resolved spectrum of the obtained powder, and it can be seen that the lifetime of the powder is 701 milliseconds, and the powder belongs to a carbon dot material with higher lifetime in the existing room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dot nano-material.
Phosphorescent Properties (school logo Pattern and letters "B" and "D") and C of Room temperature phosphorescent carbon dots prepared by the present invention3N4The fluorescent properties of the powder (the outer circles of the school badge and the letters "a" and "C") together constitute an anti-counterfeiting pattern and encrypted information. Under the irradiation of a 365nm ultraviolet lamp, the school badge pattern and the letters B and D show green fluorescence, and the circle outside the school badge and the letters A and C show blue fluorescence. When the 365nm ultraviolet lamp was turned off, the fluorescence of the circles and letters "A" and "C" outside the school badge immediately disappeared, while the school badge pattern and letters "B" and "D" exhibited a few seconds of green phosphorescence. When the 395nm ultraviolet lamp was switched on and the lamp was turned off, the phosphorescent color of the emblem pattern and letters "B" and "D" changed from green to yellow. This shows that the material can be applied to double anti-counterfeiting and information encryption technologies.
Example 2
Weighing 7.5g of potassium nitrate and 2.5g of sodium chloride powder (with the melting temperature of 350 ℃) and placing the potassium nitrate and the sodium chloride powder into a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, then carrying out vacuum freeze drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Weighing 0.5g of citric acid, grinding the citric acid and the mixed salt system, placing the mixture into a crucible, keeping the temperature in a muffle furnace at 350 ℃ for 3 hours at a heating rate of 10 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8, the prepared material has optimal fluorescence emission at 477nm and optimal phosphorescence emission at 557nm (optimal excitation wavelength of 400 nm). White powder under daylight lamp, under 395nm ultraviolet lamp, the obtained powder shows green fluorescence, when the ultraviolet lamp is turned off, the phosphorescence of the powder changes from green to yellow.
Example 3
Weighing 7.5g of potassium nitrate and 2.5g of sodium chloride powder (with the melting temperature of 350 ℃) and placing the potassium nitrate and the sodium chloride powder into a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, then carrying out vacuum freeze drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Weighing 0.5g of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, grinding the ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and the mixed salt system, placing the mixture in a crucible, keeping the temperature in a muffle furnace at 350 ℃ for 3 hours at a heating rate of 10 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the prepared material had a fluorescence optimum emission of 432nm and a phosphorescence optimum emission of 516nm (365nm at the optimum excitation wavelength). White powder under fluorescent lamp, blue fluorescence under 365nm ultraviolet lamp, and the phosphorescence of the powder changed from green to yellow when the ultraviolet lamp was turned off.
Example 4
Weighing 7.5g of sodium nitrate and 2.5g of strontium chloride powder (the melting temperature is 320 ℃) and placing the sodium nitrate and the strontium chloride powder into a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, then carrying out vacuum freeze drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Weighing 1g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the 1g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene and a mixed salt system, placing the ground mixture into a crucible, preserving the heat for 2 hours at 350 ℃ in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 5
Weighing 7.5g of sodium nitrate and 2.5g of calcium chloride powder (the melting temperature is 320 ℃) and placing the sodium nitrate and the calcium chloride powder into a sample bottle, adding distilled water, fully stirring, then carrying out vacuum freeze drying, and grinding to obtain a uniform mixed salt system. Weighing 1.5g of p-phenylenediamine, grinding the p-phenylenediamine and a mixed salt system, placing the mixture into a crucible, keeping the temperature in a tubular furnace at a heating rate of 12 ℃ for 4 hours at 380 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 6
5g of sodium nitrate, 2.5g of potassium chloride and 2.5g of barium sulfate powder (the melting temperature is 320 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 1g of citric acid, grinding the citric acid and the mixed salt system, placing the ground citric acid and the mixed salt system in a crucible, preserving the heat of the crucible in an oven at the temperature rising rate of 10 ℃ for 5 hours at 350 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 7
5g of potassium nitrate, 2.5g of lithium chloride and 2.5g of barium sulfate powder (with the melting temperature of 350 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 0.5g of glucose, grinding the glucose and the mixed salt system, placing the ground glucose and the mixed salt system in a crucible, keeping the temperature in an oven at a heating rate of 5 ℃ for 4 hours at 380 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 8
5g of sodium nitrate, 2.5g of sodium nitrite and 2.5g of potassium nitrate powder (melting temperature of 250 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then liquid nitrogen freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene and the mixed salt system, placing the ground mixture into a crucible, keeping the temperature in an oven at the temperature rising rate of 10 ℃ for 3 hours at the temperature of 250 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 9
5g of potassium nitrate, 2.5g of calcium sulfate and 2.5g of barium sulfate powder (with the melting temperature of 350 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 1g of dopamine, grinding the dopamine and a mixed salt system, placing the dopamine and the mixed salt system in a crucible, keeping the dopamine in a baking oven at the temperature rising rate of 8 ℃ for 4 hours at 350 ℃, and cooling the dopamine to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 10
7.5g of lithium nitrate and 2.5g of lithium chloride powder (the melting temperature is 280 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then liquid nitrogen freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 1g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, grinding the hydroxylamine hydrochloride and the mixed salt system, placing the mixture in a crucible, keeping the temperature in a tubular furnace at the temperature rising rate of 5 ℃ for 4 hours at 300 ℃, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain the carbon-based nano material with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Example 11
Respectively weighing 10g of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lithium nitrate and rubidium nitrate powder (the melting temperature of sodium nitrate is 320 ℃, the melting temperature of potassium nitrate is 350 ℃, the melting temperature of lithium nitrate is 255 ℃ and the melting temperature of rubidium nitrate is 310 ℃) and placing the powder into a sample bottle to be used as inorganic salt, respectively weighing four parts of 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the powder and the four salts respectively, placing the powder and the four salts into different crucibles respectively, preserving the temperature for 4 hours at 380 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a temperature rise rate of 10 ℃, and obtaining the four carbon-based nano materials with room-temperature phosphorescence when the temperature is cooled to room temperature.
Example 12
Weighing 7.5g of potassium nitrate and 2.5g of sodium chloride powder (the melting temperature is 350 ℃) to be mixed and ground to obtain a mixed salt system, weighing 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the mixed salt system and the 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, placing the mixture into a crucible, heating the mixture to 350 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the heating rate of 10 ℃, preserving the heat for 3 hours at 350 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature to obtain the carbon dot with room-temperature phosphorescence. Due to the fact that the salt system powder is not uniformly mixed, the carbonization degrees of the synthesized carbon dots are inconsistent, and when the ultraviolet lamp is turned off, the powder presents weak green phosphorescence.
Example 13
Weighing 4.95g of potassium nitrate, 2.8g of sodium nitrite and 0.59g of sodium nitrate powder (the melting temperature is 142 ℃) and mixing and grinding to obtain a mixed salt system, weighing 0.5g of citric acid, grinding the citric acid and the mixed salt system, placing the mixture in a crucible, keeping the temperature in an oven at 150 ℃ for 3 hours at the heating rate of 5 ℃, and then cooling the temperature to the room temperature to obtain the carbon dots with room-temperature phosphorescence.
Comparative example 1
5.0g of sodium chloride and 5.0g of potassium chloride powder (the melting temperature is 800 ℃) are weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene and a mixed salt system, placing the mixture into a crucible, heating the mixture to 800 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 10 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3 hours at 800 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature, so that the carbon source is excessively carbonized to form a black solid, and the black solid has no room-temperature phosphorescence and fluorescence properties and cannot form a carbon dot nano material.
Comparative example 2
5g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate powder (with the melting temperature of 60 ℃) is weighed and placed in a sample bottle, distilled water is added, the mixture is fully stirred, then vacuum freeze drying is carried out, and a uniform mixed salt system is obtained after grinding. Weighing 0.5g of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, grinding the 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene and a mixed salt system, placing the mixture into a crucible, heating the mixture to 60 ℃ in a muffle furnace at a heating rate of 5 ℃, preserving the temperature for 3 hours at 60 ℃, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding inorganic salt into water, fully stirring to obtain an inorganic salt aqueous solution or an inorganic salt suspension, and drying the inorganic salt solution to obtain a mixed salt system, or directly mixing the inorganic salt to obtain the mixed salt system;
(2) and (2) mixing a carbon source and the mixed salt system obtained in the step (1), heating to 140-400 ℃ for carbonization, keeping the temperature for 2-6 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the carbon dot material with room-temperature phosphorescence, wherein the inorganic salt is one or more of chloride, nitrate, sulfate and nitrite of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting temperature of the mixed salt system is 140-400 ℃.
3. The method for preparing a room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the carbon source to the mixed salt system is 1 (5-20).
4. The method for preparing a room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbon source is any one or more of aliphatic compounds, aromatic compounds, heterocyclic compounds or high molecular polymers.
5. The method for preparing a room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the carbon source is one or more of 1,2, 4-triaminobenzene, p-phenylenediamine, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, benzimidazole, m-phenylenediamine, L-lysine, chitosan, p-aminobenzoic acid, citric acid, glucose, ascorbic acid or dopamine.
6. The room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material prepared by the method for preparing the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A security ink comprising the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material of claim 6.
8. A security device comprising the security ink of claim 7.
9. An anti-counterfeiting device, a bio-imaging device or an optoelectronic device comprising the room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material of claim 6.
10. The room temperature phosphorescent carbon dot material as claimed in claim 6, which is applied to the fields of information protection, anti-counterfeiting, biological imaging or optoelectronic devices.
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