CN110951038A - Novel polyurethane film and preparation thereof - Google Patents
Novel polyurethane film and preparation thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110951038A CN110951038A CN201910400689.XA CN201910400689A CN110951038A CN 110951038 A CN110951038 A CN 110951038A CN 201910400689 A CN201910400689 A CN 201910400689A CN 110951038 A CN110951038 A CN 110951038A
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- polyurethane film
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- diisocyanate
- novel polyurethane
- polyester polyol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/73—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates acyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4236—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups
- C08G18/4238—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing only aliphatic groups derived from dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
- C08J2375/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
A novel polyurethane film and its preparation are provided. The invention adopts diisocyanate and polyester polyol as raw materials, adds a chain extender, uses oil bath for heating, adopts a prepolymerization method to prepare polyurethane prepolymer under the nitrogen protection atmosphere, and uses a polytetrafluoroethylene plate for tape casting film formation. The polyurethane film comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 12.4 to 18.9 percent of polyester polyol, 3.8 to 4.2 percent of diisocyanate, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of chain extender, 76.5 to 82.8 percent of organic solvent and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of catalyst. The polyurethane film has better tensile property than other polyurethane films, has yellowing resistance, good toughness and good ductility, and simultaneously has good hydrophobic property and aesthetic property. The method is simple and easy to operate, and has low equipment requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel polyurethane film and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a novel polyurethane film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasingly wide application of polymer films in the field of packaging, the requirements on the film performance are more strict, and compared with the single performance of other films, the polyurethane has good comprehensive performance. Polyurethane is even called as the sixth plastic in the field of high polymer materials, and polyurethane products grow up in China. Compared with other polymer films, the polyurethane film has excellent tension, toughness, ageing resistance, wear resistance, impact resistance and the like. The processing technology is simple, and the cost can be reduced.
Polyurethane develops from 1937 to the present, China lags behind much in comparison with foreign countries in the aspect of polyurethane synthesis, most of raw materials adopt isocyanate materials with high toxicity, and the prepared film has the defects of yellowing and the like and influences the attractiveness. Therefore, the research on polyurethane is receiving much attention and will become a new hot spot.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a novel polyurethane film with high performance and exquisite appearance. Through comparative research on the existing polyurethane synthetic materials, the polyurethane film with good mechanical property, exquisite appearance and good hydrophobicity is prepared, and a method for preparing the film is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a novel polyurethane film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
12.4 to 18.9 percent of polyester polyol,
3.8 to 4.2 percent of diisocyanate
0.5 to 0.7 percent of chain extender,
76.5 to 82.8 percent of organic solvent
0.1 to 0.2 percent of catalyst
The novel polyurethane film is prepared by the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials: and weighing the polyester polyol and the chain extender according to the weight, and dehydrating in an oven at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 12 hours.
(2) Reaction conditions are as follows: a250 ml round bottom three-neck flask which is respectively connected with a mechanical stirrer, a condenser and a nitrogen inlet and outlet is used as a polymerization reaction container, polyester polyol is added when the temperature of an oil bath rises to 60 ℃, diisocyanate is added when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, and the reaction is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere. And adding a catalyst when the reaction is carried out for 1.5h, and adding a chain extender when the reaction is carried out for 2h to obtain the polyurethane prepolymer.
(3) Tape casting to form films
Pouring the polyurethane prepolymer into a beaker, pouring an organic solvent, dissolving the prepolymer by the solvent under magnetic stirring, pouring the dissolved product onto a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and drying for 6 hours in an oven at 60 ℃ for film formation.
Moreover, the polyester polyol is poly adipic acid-1, 4-butanediol ester diol.
And, the chain extender is diethylene glycol.
Further, the diisocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Further, the catalyst is dilaurate dibutyl butene.
And the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the polyurethane film prepared by the invention has good yellowing resistance and attractive appearance.
(2) The polyurethane film prepared by the invention has good toughness and ductility.
(3) The polyurethane film prepared by the invention has good hydrophobicity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are illustrative only and not limiting, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
In this example, we performed experimental studies using the formulations in table 1:
TABLE 1 polyurethane film formulations
(1) Ingredients
Accurately weighing various raw materials by a balance. Note that: when hexamethylene diisocyanate is weighed, the hexamethylene diisocyanate needs to be weighed quickly and prevented from volatilizing, and poly adipic acid-1, 4-butanediol ester diol and diethylene glycol need to be subjected to water removal treatment.
(2) Prepolymerization process
A250 ml round bottom three-neck flask which is respectively connected with a mechanical stirrer, a condenser and a nitrogen inlet and outlet is used as a polymerization reaction vessel, polyester polyol is added when the temperature of an oil bath is raised to 60 ℃, diisocyanate is added when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, and the reaction is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere. And adding a catalyst when the reaction is carried out for 1.5h, and adding a chain extender when the reaction is carried out for 2h to obtain the polyurethane prepolymer. Note that: water can not enter absolutely during the reaction process.
(3) Film formation
Pouring the polyurethane prepolymer into a beaker, pouring an organic solvent, dissolving the prepolymer by the solvent under magnetic stirring, pouring the dissolved product onto a polytetrafluoroethylene plate, and drying for 6 hours in an oven at 60 ℃ for film formation.
(4) Performance testing
① mechanical properties
Test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-882 test standards and the films were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break. The test results are shown in Table 6.
② contact angle with water
Test bars were prepared according to GB/T30693-2014 test standards and the films were tested for water contact angle. The test results are shown in Table 6.
Example 2
In this example, we performed experimental studies using the formulations in table 2:
TABLE 2 polyurethane film formulations
Other steps are the same as in the first embodiment.
Performance testing
① mechanical properties
Test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-882 test standards and the films were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break. The test results are shown in Table 6.
② contact angle with water
Test bars were prepared according to GB/T30693-2014 test standards and the films were tested for water contact angle. The test results are shown in Table 6.
Example 3
In this example, we performed experimental studies using the formulations in table 3:
TABLE 3 polyurethane film formulations
The other steps were the same as in examples 1 to 2.
Performance testing
① mechanical properties
Test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-882 test standards and the films were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break. The test results are shown in Table 6.
② contact angle with water
Test bars were prepared according to GB/T30693-2014 test standards and the films were tested for water contact angle. The test results are shown in Table 6.
Example 4
In this example, we performed experimental studies using the formulation in table 4:
TABLE 4 polyurethane film formulations
Other procedures the same as those of the examples 1 to 3
① mechanical properties
Test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-882 test standards and the films were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break. The test results are shown in Table 6.
② contact angle with water
Test bars were prepared according to GB/T30693-2014 test standards and the films were tested for water contact angle. The test results are shown in Table 6.
Example 5
In this example, we performed experimental studies using the formulation in table 5:
TABLE 5 polyurethane film formulations
Other procedures the same as those of the examples 1 to 4
① mechanical properties
Test specimens were prepared according to ASTM D-882 test standards and the films were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break. The test results are shown in Table 6.
② contact angle with water
Test bars were prepared according to GB/T30693-2014 test standards and the films were tested for water contact angle. The test results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 test results for finished products obtained in examples one to five
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A novel polyurethane film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
12.4 to 18.9 percent of polyester polyol,
3.8 to 4.2 percent of diisocyanate
0.5 to 0.7 percent of chain extender,
76.5 to 82.8 percent of organic solvent
0.1 to 0.2 percent of catalyst.
2. The novel polyurethane film according to claim 1, wherein said diisocyanate is hexamethylene diisocyanate.
3. The novel polyurethane film as claimed in claim 1, wherein said polyester polyol is 1, 4-butanediol adipate diol.
4. The novel polyurethane film of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is dibutylene dilaurate.
5. The novel polyurethane film according to claim 1, wherein said chain extender is diethylene glycol.
6. The novel polyurethane film according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide.
7. The novel polyurethane film according to claim 1, wherein the reaction process is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere.
8. A preparation method of a transparent polyurethane film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step is as follows: putting polyester polyol and a chain extender into an oven at 80 ℃ for drying and melting for 48 hours, and weighing diisocyanate and a catalyst according to the parts by weight in claim 1;
the second step is that: adopting a 250ml round bottom three-neck flask which is respectively connected with a mechanical stirrer, a condenser and a nitrogen inlet and outlet as a polymerization reaction container, adding polyester polyol when the temperature is raised to 60 ℃, adding diisocyanate when the temperature reaches 80 ℃, and carrying out the whole reaction process in an oil bath at 80 ℃ and in a nitrogen atmosphere;
the third step: adding a catalyst when the reaction is carried out for 1.5 hours, and adding a chain extender when the reaction is carried out for 2 hours;
the fourth step: and pouring the reacted product into a beaker, adding an organic solvent for dissolving, pouring the dissolved solution onto a tetrafluoroethylene plate, putting the tetrafluoroethylene plate into a 60 ℃ oven for drying the solvent, and forming a film.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112225874A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-15 | 天津科技大学 | Highly hydrophobic polyurethane film and preparation thereof |
CN112409557A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-26 | 天津科技大学 | Vegetable oil-based polyurethane film and preparation thereof |
CN113480843A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 上海紫埠拉链有限公司 | TPU waterproof membrane composition, preparation method thereof and waterproof zipper |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112225874A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-15 | 天津科技大学 | Highly hydrophobic polyurethane film and preparation thereof |
CN112409557A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-26 | 天津科技大学 | Vegetable oil-based polyurethane film and preparation thereof |
CN113480843A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-10-08 | 上海紫埠拉链有限公司 | TPU waterproof membrane composition, preparation method thereof and waterproof zipper |
CN113480843B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-08-19 | 上海紫埠拉链有限公司 | TPU waterproof film composition, preparation method thereof and waterproof zipper |
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