CN110950634A - Preparation method of high-strength electric porcelain - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-strength electric porcelain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of high-strength electric porcelain, which comprises the following steps: 1) simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum oxide, 44-55 parts of clay, 25-35 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10-15 parts of calcium stearate, 35-45 parts of vanadium carbide and 35-45 parts of kaolinite; 2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake; 3) and (3) after the mud cakes in the step (2) are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, placing the mud cakes in an alternating current electric field in parallel for firing to obtain the initial electric porcelain. The vanadium carbide added in the raw materials has high hardness, poor conductivity and better high temperature resistance, and can increase the strength of the electric porcelain and ensure that the electric porcelain is not easy to deform in bending.
Description
The invention relates to the technical field of electric porcelain manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of high-strength electric porcelain.
Background
The electric porcelain is a component which is mainly used for supporting and insulating in a power system, and sometimes is used as a container of other electric components, so that the electric porcelain has higher requirements on mechanical performance, electric performance and environmental resistance (such as cold and hot property, pollution resistance, aging resistance and the like).
Generally classified according to the product shape, voltage class, and application environment of the electric porcelain. According to the shape of the product, the product can be divided into a disc-shaped suspension insulator, a pin insulator, a rod insulator, a hollow insulator and the like; the insulator can be divided into low-voltage (AC 1000 and below, DC 1500V and below) insulator and high-voltage (AC 1000V and above, DC 1500V) insulator according to voltage class, wherein the high-voltage insulator has ultrahigh voltage (AC 330kV and 500kV, DC 500kV) and ultrahigh voltage (AC 750kV and 1000kV, DC 800 kW) in addition;
the existing low-strength material formula has the defects of low breaking strength, cracking resistance, incapability of guaranteeing the product quality and insecurity in use, the porcelain strength is only 90MPa, the white glaze is coated at 105MPa, and the brown glaze is coated at 100MP, and the product with the strength can not be used as an electric porcelain insulator of 160KN, 240KN, 300KN, 420KN, 500KN or above.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of high-strength electric porcelain to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of the high-strength electric porcelain comprises the following steps:
1) simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum oxide, 44-55 parts of clay, 25-35 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10-15 parts of calcium stearate, 35-45 parts of vanadium carbide and 35-45 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) and (3) after the mud cakes in the step (2) are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, placing the mud cakes in an alternating current electric field in parallel for firing to obtain the initial electric porcelain.
Preferably, the firing process in step 3 is divided into a preheating period, an oxidation period, a reduction period and a heat preservation period.
Preferably, the temperature of the preheating period is 140-275 ℃, and the time is 6.5-11 h; the temperature of the oxidation period is 235-750 ℃, and the time is 18-25 h; the temperature of the reduction period is 750-1200 ℃, and the time is 15-30 h; the temperature reduction speed in the heat preservation period is 60-100 ℃/h, and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
Preferably, the initial electroceramic obtained after firing in step 3 is subjected to a coating process.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55-85 parts of methyl acrylate, 0.05-1.5 parts of preservative, 0.05-1.5 parts of thickening agent, 2-5 parts of water reducing agent, 45-75 parts of sulfur graphite and 0.5-1.5 parts of defoaming agent.
Preferably, the thickener is an acrylate copolymer.
Preferably, the defoaming agent is a polysiloxane defoaming agent.
Preferably, the coating process coating raw material further comprises polyurethane.
Preferably, the clay is a mixture of tuff and granite.
The vanadium carbide added in the raw materials has high hardness, poor conductivity and better high temperature resistance, the strength of the electric porcelain can be increased, the electric porcelain is not easy to deform in bending, and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the calcium stearate can stabilize the mobility of alumina molecules.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength electric porcelain, which comprises the following steps:
1) simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of aluminum oxide, 44 parts of clay which is a mixture of tuff and granite, 25 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 parts of calcium stearate, 35 parts of vanadium carbide and 35 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) after the mud cakes in the step 2 are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, the mud cakes are placed in an alternating current electric field in parallel to be fired to obtain initial electric porcelain, the firing process in the step 3 is divided into a preheating period, an oxidation period, a reduction period and a heat preservation period, the temperature in the preheating period is 140 ℃, and the time is 6.5 hours; the temperature of the oxidation period is 235 ℃, and the time is 18 h; the temperature in the reduction period is 750 ℃, and the time is 15 h; and (3) cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 60 ℃/h in a heat preservation period, and performing a coating process on the initial electroceramic obtained after firing in the step (3), wherein the coating process comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of methyl acrylate, 0.05 part of preservative, 0.05 part of acrylate copolymer serving as a thickening agent, 2 parts of water reducing agent, 45 parts of sulfur graphite, 0.5 part of polysiloxane defoaming agent serving as a defoaming agent and 30 parts of polyurethane.
Example 2
1) Simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 37 parts of aluminum oxide, 49 parts of clay which is a mixture of tuff and granite, 30 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 12 parts of calcium stearate, 39 parts of vanadium carbide and 40 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) after the mud cakes in the step 2 are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, the mud cakes are placed in an alternating current electric field in parallel to be fired to obtain initial electric porcelain, the firing process in the step 3 is divided into a preheating period, an oxidation period, a reduction period and a heat preservation period, the temperature in the preheating period is 160 ℃, and the time is 8 hours; the temperature of the oxidation period is 276 ℃ and the time is 20 hours; the temperature of the reduction period is 1000 ℃, and the time is 19 hours; and (3) cooling to room temperature at a cooling rate of 80 ℃/h in a heat preservation period, and performing a coating process on the initial electroceramic obtained after firing in the step (3), wherein the coating process comprises the following components in parts by weight: 79 parts of methyl acrylate, 1 part of preservative, 1 part of acrylate copolymer serving as a thickening agent, 3 parts of water reducing agent, 58 parts of sulfur graphite, 1 part of polysiloxane defoaming agent serving as a defoaming agent and 32 parts of polyurethane.
Example 3
1) Simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of aluminum oxide, 55 parts of a mixture of tuff and granite as clay, 35 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 15 parts of calcium stearate, 45 parts of vanadium carbide and 45 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) after the mud cakes in the step 2 are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, the mud cakes are placed in an alternating current electric field in parallel to be fired to obtain initial electric porcelain, the firing process in the step 3 is divided into a preheating period, an oxidation period, a reduction period and a heat preservation period, the temperature in the preheating period is 275 ℃, and the time is 11 hours; the temperature of the oxidation period is 750 ℃, and the time is 25 h; the temperature of the reduction period is 1200 ℃, and the time is 15-30 h; the cooling rate in the heat preservation period is 100 ℃/h, the temperature is reduced to the room temperature, and the initial electroceramic obtained after being fired in the step 3 is subjected to a coating process, wherein the coating process comprises the following components in parts by weight: 85 parts of methyl acrylate, 1.5 parts of preservative, 1.5 parts of acrylate copolymer serving as a thickening agent, 5 parts of water reducing agent, 75 parts of sulfur graphite, 1.5 parts of polysiloxane defoaming agent serving as a defoaming agent and 35 parts of polyurethane.
Comparative example 1
1) Simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 of the raw materials of the electric porcelain to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed and stirring to prepare slurry, wherein the raw materials of the electric porcelain are common raw materials and comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of aluminum oxide, 55 parts of a mixture of tuff and granite as clay, 25 parts of Guangdong white mud, 35 parts of silicon oxide and 45 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) and (3) after the mud cakes in the step (2) are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, placing the mud cakes in an alternating current electric field in parallel for firing to obtain the initial electric porcelain, wherein the firing temperature is from normal temperature to 1200 ℃, and the firing time is 51 h.
1. The insulators produced in example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to insulation resistance tests by the insulation resistance method, respectively;
2. the electroceramics produced in example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a corona pulse current test by a pulse current method;
3. the volume density of the electrotechnical porcelain produced in example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example 1 was measured, and the following data were obtained:
| insulation resistance | Corona pulse current | |
| Example 1 | 485MΩ | 32kv |
| Example 2 | 500MΩ | 28kv |
| Example 3 | 550MΩ | 22kv |
| Comparative example 1 | 429MΩ | 36kv |
It can be seen that the insulation resistance, corona pulse current and bulk density of examples 1, 2 and 3 are all better than comparative example 1 (comparative example does not add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium stearate, vanadium carbide, and has different firing times), with example 3 being the best.
The higher the insulation voltage of the insulator is, the better the insulator is, the higher the high voltage resistance is, the insulator string of the deteriorated insulator exists, because the insulation resistance of the deteriorated insulator is very low, the voltage borne by the deteriorated insulator in the insulator string is also small, so that the borne voltage of other good insulators on the insulator string is obviously larger than that under the normal condition, therefore insulator corona phenomenon aggravates, corona pulse current will certainly grow, the temperature greatly influences insulation resistance, insulation resistance reduces along with temperature rise, the reason is that the temperature rises, the polarization of insulating medium aggravates, the electric conductance increases makes insulation resistance descend, the reason of change is relevant with temperature variation degree and insulating material's nature, structure etc. the firing process divide into preheating period, oxidation period, reduction phase and heat preservation phase, can strictly control insulating medium's aggravation speed, avoid insulating medium aggravation speed too big to cause insulation resistance to descend.
The above examples only show some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the patent and protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-strength electric porcelain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) simultaneously enabling ionized water with a weight ratio of 1:1 to flow into a batching tank at a constant speed to be stirred into slurry, wherein the raw materials for the electric porcelain comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of aluminum oxide, 44-55 parts of clay, 25-35 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 10-15 parts of calcium stearate, 35-45 parts of vanadium carbide and 35-45 parts of kaolinite;
2) stirring the slurry obtained in the step 1, and then sieving and removing iron to prepare a mud cake;
3) and (3) after the mud cakes in the step (2) are subjected to blank pressing and blank repairing procedures, placing the mud cakes in an alternating current electric field in parallel for firing to obtain the initial electric porcelain.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the firing process in step 3 is divided into a preheating period, an oxidation period, a reduction period, and a holding period.
3. The method for preparing a high-strength electric porcelain according to claim 2, wherein the preheating period is 140-275 ℃ for 6.5-11 h; the temperature of the oxidation period is 235-750 ℃, and the time is 18-25 h; the temperature of the reduction period is 750-1200 ℃, and the time is 15-30 h; the temperature reduction speed in the heat preservation period is 60-100 ℃/h, and the temperature is reduced to the room temperature.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the initial electric porcelain obtained after firing in the step 3 is subjected to a coating process.
5. The preparation method of the high-strength electric porcelain according to claim 4, wherein the coating process paint raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 55-85 parts of methyl acrylate, 0.05-1.5 parts of preservative, 0.05-1.5 parts of thickening agent, 2-5 parts of water reducing agent, 45-75 parts of sulfur graphite and 0.5-1.5 parts of defoaming agent.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the thickener is an acrylate copolymer.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the defoaming agent is a polysiloxane defoaming agent.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the coating process raw material further comprises polyurethane.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the polyurethane is 30-35 parts by weight.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the clay is a mixture of tuff and granite.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114075068A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | 大莲电瓷（福建）有限公司 | Preparation process of alumina electric porcelain |
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| US4183760A (en) * | 1977-11-18 | 1980-01-15 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | High-strength alumina ceramic product and method of forming |
| US20060194690A1 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2006-08-31 | Hideyuki Osuzu | Alumina-based ceramic material and production method thereof |
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| CN107555956A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-09 | 德阳力久云智知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of high strength electroceramice and preparation method thereof |
| CN109836156A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-04 | 常州市飞腾工业自动化技术有限公司 | A kind of high strength ceramic material |
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2019
- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911308440.2A patent/CN110950634A/en active Pending
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| US4183760A (en) * | 1977-11-18 | 1980-01-15 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | High-strength alumina ceramic product and method of forming |
| US20060194690A1 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2006-08-31 | Hideyuki Osuzu | Alumina-based ceramic material and production method thereof |
| CN104310965A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 中国西电电气股份有限公司 | Blank formula of fuse ceramic shell using waste material recycled from isostatic pressing electroceramics and preparation method thereof |
| CN107555956A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-09 | 德阳力久云智知识产权运营有限公司 | A kind of high strength electroceramice and preparation method thereof |
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| 刘颖 等: "《工程材料及成形技术基础》", 31 July 2009, 北京理工大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114075068A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-02-22 | 大莲电瓷（福建）有限公司 | Preparation process of alumina electric porcelain |
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Application publication date: 20200403 |