CN110947932B - Cavity heat-conducting die-casting die for cavity heat-conducting die-casting head - Google Patents
Cavity heat-conducting die-casting die for cavity heat-conducting die-casting head Download PDFInfo
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- CN110947932B CN110947932B CN201811125822.7A CN201811125822A CN110947932B CN 110947932 B CN110947932 B CN 110947932B CN 201811125822 A CN201811125822 A CN 201811125822A CN 110947932 B CN110947932 B CN 110947932B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/02—Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging
Abstract
The cavity heat-conducting die-casting head comprises a forging pressure head, a pressure head heat-conducting part fixedly connected with the forging pressure head and a pressure head circulating water tank fixedly connected with the pressure head heat-conducting part and used for carrying out heat exchange, wherein a pressure head heat-conducting cavity is formed in the forging pressure head, and a pressure head heat-conducting channel communicated with the pressure head heat-conducting cavity is arranged in the pressure head heat-conducting part. By adopting the cavity heat transfer and conduction type die-casting die, the vacuum heat conduction mechanism is arranged on the forging pressure head, so that the temperature of the forging pressure head can be effectively controlled, the forging pressure head is prevented from being adhered to a product, the quality of the product is improved, the forging pressure head can be made of die steel and the like, the stability is high, and the deformation during die-casting is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of die manufacturing, and particularly relates to a cavity heat-conducting die casting head and a cavity heat-conducting die casting die.
Background
The squeeze casting is also called liquid die forging, is developed based on casting and forging, is a novel metal processing technology with less cutting processing, is an advanced near-net-shape forming technology, molten metal is solidified and plastically deformed under high pressure, the structure of a casting is compact, the mechanical property is close to the level of a forging piece, and a plurality of castings with high mechanical property requirements are selected to be squeezed and cast for forming. However, in extrusion casting, because the pouring amount of molten metal is difficult to control, the casting size is not uniform or the pouring is insufficient in the forming process, and shrinkage porosity and cracks are easy to occur.
In addition, after the die-casting head is contacted with molten metal and extruded, when the finished product is taken out, the finished product is tightly adhered to a cavity, particularly a pressure head, and the finished product is usually finished by adopting a special demolding tool, generally manual operation is performed, the labor intensity of workers is high, and the cost is high. Meanwhile, the prepared product and the die are tightly bonded.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a cavity heat-conducting die casting head which can effectively control the temperature of a matched molded surface and is easy to demould after molding.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a cavity heat transfer and conduction type die-casting die which can effectively and quickly control the surface temperature of a cavity and avoid adhesion.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the cavity heat-conducting die casting head comprises a forging pressure head, a pressure head heat-conducting part fixedly connected with the forging pressure head, and a pressure head circulating water tank fixedly connected with the pressure head heat-conducting part and used for heat exchange, wherein a pressure head heat-conducting cavity is formed in the forging pressure head, and a pressure head heat-conducting channel communicated with the pressure head heat-conducting cavity is formed in the pressure head heat-conducting part.
Forging pressure head include the front end and be formed with the profile and inside compression leg that is formed with the inner chamber, with the rear end fixed connection's of compression leg spliced pole, wherein, spliced pole and compression leg will the inner chamber sealed constitution the pressure head heat transfer and conduction chamber.
And an axial support column is arranged in the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity.
The pressure head heat conducting part is plate-shaped or barrel-shaped, and an inner supporting column is arranged in the pressure head heat conducting part.
The pressure head heat conducting part is provided with a plurality of pressure head heat radiating branch pipes which are communicated with the pressure head heat conducting channel and distributed in the circulating water tank.
The cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting die comprises a template, a template bearing plate, a hydraulic oil cylinder and a cavity heat-conducting die-casting head, wherein a cavity is formed in the inner surface of the template, the template bearing plate corresponds to the template and is fixedly connected with the template bearing plate, annular channels are correspondingly arranged on the template and the template bearing plate, the front end of a forging pressure head is inserted into the annular channels in a matching mode, and the rear end of the forging pressure head is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder.
In the technical scheme, the heat dissipation device further comprises a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat transfer and conduction cavity formed by a shaping plate and a shaping plate bearing plate which are arranged at intervals, a heat conduction part of a heat conduction channel communicated with the heat transfer and conduction cavity is formed inside the heat transfer and conduction cavity, and a circulating water tank used for carrying out heat exchange with the heat conduction part, the heat transfer and conduction cavity and the heat conduction channel form a closed space, and the heat transfer and conduction cavity is at least formed around the annular channel.
In the above technical solution, the heat transfer and conduction chamber is divided into two or more chambers, each chamber is provided with a heat conduction part and a circulation water tank is correspondingly arranged in a manner of being shared by part or all of the chambers.
In the above technical solution, the heat conducting portion is plate-shaped, the heat conducting portion includes an upper heat conducting plate and a lower heat conducting plate which are correspondingly welded, and a plurality of pillars for supporting and fixing the upper heat conducting plate and the lower heat conducting plate are disposed in the heat conducting channel.
In the above technical solution, the heat conducting portion is provided with a plurality of radiating branch pipes communicated with the heat conducting channel and distributed in the circulating water tank.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention utilizes the vacuum heat transfer and conduction cavity to carry out heat dredging arrangement on the forging pressure head so as to control the temperature of the contact surface of the forging pressure head, utilizes the external design of the pressure head circulating water tank, can effectively improve the heat exchange area with water, and improve the temperature control effect, and utilizes the high heat conduction performance of the vacuum heat conduction medium, can effectively control the whole size of the forging pressure head.
By adopting the cavity heat transfer and conduction type die-casting die, the vacuum heat conduction mechanism is arranged on the forging pressure head, so that the temperature of the forging pressure head can be effectively controlled, the forging pressure head is prevented from being adhered to a product, the quality of the product is improved, the forging pressure head can be made of die steel and the like, the stability is high, and the deformation during die-casting is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a sand-free forging die according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the sand-free forging die of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sand-free forging die of the present invention.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example one
The cavity heat conduction type die casting head comprises a forging pressure head 4, a pressure head heat conduction part 5 fixedly connected with the forging pressure head, and a pressure head circulating water tank 6 fixedly connected with the pressure head heat conduction part and performing heat exchange, wherein a pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity 41 is formed in the forging pressure head, a pressure head heat conduction channel 51 communicated with the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity is formed in the pressure head heat conduction part, and the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity and the pressure head heat conduction channel form a closed space. The vacuum heat-conducting medium can adopt the medium of the existing vacuum heat pipe or liquid nitrogen mixture and the like, and the heat conducted by the contact of the pressure head and the metal liquid is quickly transferred to the pressure head circulating water tank by utilizing the vacuum environment and the phase change along with the temperature, so that the control of the temperature of the die casting head is realized.
The research and analysis of the invention find that the tight bonding is caused by poor heat dissipation performance of the die-casting head, particularly during high-temperature casting, such as molten steel casting, the temperature of the contact surface of the forging pressure head and the molten steel is too high, active extrusion is required, and the situation of melting and even bonding with a product can occur during molten steel forming, the invention utilizes the vacuum pressure head heat transfer and heat conduction cavity to carry out heat dispersion arrangement on the forging pressure head so as to control the temperature of the contact surface, utilizes the external design of the pressure head circulating water tank to effectively improve the heat exchange area with the water and improve the temperature control effect, and utilizes the high heat conductivity of a vacuum heat conducting medium to effectively control the whole size of the forging pressure head, compared with the built-in waterway type die-casting head, the whole processing cost and the heat dissipation performance are effectively controlled, and simultaneously, the die-casting head can adapt to the high temperature of 600-1200 ℃ at the high temperature, particularly, when the die is closed for molding and die casting, the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity at high temperature has higher pressure due to the phase change of the vacuum heat conduction medium, so that the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the pressure head is reduced, the strength and the deformation possibility of the pressure head are reduced, and the molding quality of a product is improved.
Specifically, the forging press head 4 includes a press column 42 made of die steel, the front end of which is formed with a matching profile and the inside of which is formed with an inner cavity, and a connecting column 43, such as welded, fixedly connected with the rear end of the press column, the connecting column and the press column seal the inner cavity to form the press head heat transfer and conduction cavity, and the wall thickness of the press column corresponding to the press head heat transfer and conduction cavity is different according to the product shape and process. Of course, the compression column and the connecting column can also adopt an integrated design, and the tail end of the connecting column is provided with a threaded connecting cavity to be fixedly connected with the piston cylinder end of the hydraulic oil cylinder to drive the hydraulic oil cylinder.
Meanwhile, in order to improve the strength of the casting pressure head and improve the radial bearing capacity of the casting pressure head, an axial support column is arranged in the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity of the pressure head. The axial support column is one or more, and the tail end of the axial support column is connected with the connecting column, for example, the axial support column is supported on the front end face of the connecting column so as to improve the internal strength.
Example 2
For improving the radiating effect of die-casting head, pressure head heat-conducting part be platelike or tube-shape pressure head heat-conducting part in be provided with interior support column, the intensity when the evacuation can effectively be improved in the setting of interior support column, simultaneously, for improving heat transfer effect, pressure head heat-conducting part on be provided with a plurality of with pressure head heat conduction channel intercommunication and distribution be in circulation tank in pressure head heat dissipation branch pipe. The pressure head heat dissipation branch pipe increase with pressure head circulating water tank's heat exchange area, improve the temperature control effect to the die-casting head, in addition, still can adopt the cross sectional area grow or set up modes such as fin or bending segment or heliciform design improvement heat transfer effect with pressure head heat transfer portion in the pressure head circulating water tank.
Example 3
The cavity heat-transfer and heat-conduction type die-casting die comprises a template 1, a template bearing plate 11 and a cavity heat-conduction type die-casting head, wherein a cavity 10 is formed in the inner surface of the template 1, the template bearing plate corresponds to the template 1 in shape and is fixedly connected with the template bearing plate, an annular channel is formed in the template and the template bearing plate, a forging pressure head is inserted into the annular channel in a matching mode from the front end to the front end, and the rear end of the forging pressure head is fixedly connected with a hydraulic oil cylinder 7.
By adopting the cavity heat transfer and conduction type die-casting die, the vacuum heat conduction mechanism is arranged on the forging pressure head, so that the temperature of the forging pressure head can be effectively controlled, the forging pressure head is prevented from being adhered to a product, the quality of the product is improved, the forging pressure head can be made of die steel and the like, the stability is high, and the deformation during die-casting is avoided.
Further, the cavity heat transfer and conduction type die-casting die further comprises a heat dissipation mechanism, the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat transfer and conduction cavity 12 formed by arranging a shaping plate and a shaping plate bearing plate at intervals, a heat conduction part 2 internally provided with a heat conduction channel 21 communicated with the heat transfer and conduction cavity, and a circulating water tank for exchanging heat with the heat conduction part, the heat transfer and conduction cavity and the heat conduction channel form a closed space, the annular channel is not communicated with the heat transfer and conduction cavity, for example, the annular channel is formed by a die-casting head guide cylinder directly communicated with the cavity and a through hole correspondingly arranged on the shaping plate bearing plate, the guide cylinder can be integrally formed with the shaping plate or fixedly connected with the shaping plate, the heat transfer and conduction cavity is at least formed around the annular channel, namely, the heat transfer and conduction cavity is used for dissipating heat of the pressure head guide cylinder, the condition that the pressure head guide cylinder deforms and melts even adheres to a product due to high temperature before the action of the die-casting head is avoided, and the smooth proceeding of follow-up die-casting is ensured.
Wherein, the template material is preferably die steel, such as special die steel NAK 80. A feed inlet is designed above the shaping plate, and the length of the feed inlet is designed according to the characteristics of a product. The front and back of the template need be designed according to the shape of the product, and the wall thickness of the template needs to be designed by different materials and product shapes. Namely, in order to guarantee the uniform heat dissipation effect of each point of the whole mould template, the heat transfer and conduction cavity and the cavity are arranged along with the same thickness, namely, the inner surface and the outer surface of the template are arranged oppositely, and meanwhile, the heat transfer and conduction cavity formed by stretching the inner surface of the template in the same thickness is formed on the bearing plate of the template correspondingly, and the chamfer optimization design can be carried out according to the reduction of the flow channel resistance and the like at necessary places. Aiming at different design requirements, the temperature control requirements can be realized by selecting different thicknesses of the heat transfer and conduction cavities, and sand-free forging or liquid metal forging can be realized.
Wherein, a support column is arranged in the heat transfer and conduction cavity. The back of the template, namely the strength of the template is enhanced by designing and manufacturing the supporting columns in the heat transfer and conduction cavity, and the arrangement density of the supporting columns is designed according to the strength requirement. The optimized material of the template bearing plate is consistent with the template, the mounting and connecting side of the template bearing plate needs to be designed and processed according to the template, the template and the template bearing plate are connected by a welding process, and meanwhile, the heat conducting part is welded and connected with the template bearing plate. After the welding of the parts is completed, a space which is only communicated with the heat conduction channel and is closed is formed between the shaping plate and the bearing plate, and the space can bear 5000 MPa of pressure to meet the casting requirement.
The closed space is a vacuum cavity, a vacuum heat-conducting medium is arranged in the closed space, namely, other air does not exist except the vacuum heat-conducting medium so as to improve the heat-conducting effect, the vacuum heat-conducting medium can adopt the medium of the existing vacuum heat pipe or liquid nitrogen mixture and the like, and the heat of the template is quickly transferred to the circulating water tank by utilizing the vacuum environment and the phase change along with the temperature, so that the temperature of the template is controlled.
The invention utilizes the vacuum heat transfer and conduction cavity to conduct heat diversion arrangement on the template, utilizes the external design of the circulating water tank, can effectively improve the heat exchange area with water, improves the temperature control effect, utilizes the high heat conduction performance of the vacuum heat conduction medium, can effectively control the whole thickness of the mould, compared with a built-in waterway type mould, effectively controls the whole processing cost and thickness, simultaneously, under high temperature, especially when the mould is closed and formed, the heat transfer and conduction cavity under the high temperature presents higher pressure because of the phase change of the vacuum heat conduction medium, reduces the pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the template, reduces the intensity and the deformation possibility, and improves the forming quality of products.
Optionally, the circulating water tank is fixedly connected with the heat conducting part or the bearing plate or the shaping plate to realize the follow-up of the circulating water tank, and the mould on the fixed side can also be fixedly installed in a mode of being fixedly connected with the outer auxiliary support. The heat conducting part at least less than the inner part of the circulating water tank can adopt design modes such as a fin type or a coil pipe type to increase the heat exchange area for improving the heat exchange effect in the circulating water tank.
Generally, the heat conduction channel of the heat conduction part is communicated with the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity at the top of the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity. Of course, the heat conduction device can also be arranged at the side part or the bottom part of the heat conduction cavity, and only the smooth flow channel in the whole closed cavity is required to be ensured without generating extra blocking.
The circulating water tank is formed by welding 5 mm steel plates, and water leakage cannot be caused. The lower part of the circulating water tank is provided with a cold water inlet 31, the upper top of the circulating water tank is provided with a hot water outlet 32, the water inlet and the water outlet are connected with pipelines in parts, and the circulating water tank also comprises a water temperature control mechanism communicated with the circulating water tank. Such as circulating water or flowing water, etc. The heat exchange effect of the heat conducting part and the circulating water tank is ensured by the flowing of the cooling water of the external circulating water tank, and the stability of overall temperature control is improved.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment, for a large-scale or complex-structure mold, the heat transfer and conduction cavities can be divided into two or more than two cavities which are not communicated with each other according to the number or distribution of the cavities, each heat transfer and conduction cavity is correspondingly provided with the heat conduction part, and the circulating water tank 3 is respectively or partially or completely shared, the heat conduction effect of the vacuum heat conduction medium in the mold can be ensured through different heat transfer and conduction cavity settings, moreover, different temperature control can be realized for different parts, the casting requirements of large-scale products or special-shaped products are met, the casting quality is improved, different heat transfer and conduction cavities are led out through the heat conduction parts and then enter the corresponding circulating water tank or the same circulating water tank, additional configuration can be reduced, and the load of the whole mold is controlled. Wherein, the same heat transfer and conduction cavity can be connected with two or more heat conduction parts according to the requirement, and the connection result is similar to that described above, and the description is omitted here.
Example 5
As a specific embodiment, the heat conducting portion is plate-shaped, the heat conducting plates correspond to the upper heat conducting plate 22 and the lower heat conducting plate 23 which are welded, and a plurality of pillars for supporting and fixing the upper heat conducting plate and the lower heat conducting plate are arranged in the heat conducting channel. The heat conducting part is provided with a plurality of radiating branch pipes which are communicated with the heat conducting channel and distributed in the circulating water tank. The radiating branch pipes are sealed from the end parts to form a closed space.
Specifically, the upper and lower heat-conducting plates are made of die steel, such as special die steel P20. The upper and lower heat conducting plates are welded into a whole through argon arc, a plurality of support columns are manufactured on the lower heat conducting plate, the distance is 100-by-100 mm, the support columns are designed to be cylindrical, and the diameter is 12 mm. The support column is used for preventing the heat conducting part from deforming when the mold is vacuumized. The heat conducting plate is welded to form a hollow container. The heat conducting branch pipe 24 is made of a seamless metal pipe, for example, the heat radiating branch pipe is made of a seamless steel pipe with the diameter of 25 mm and the wall thickness of 2 mm, and other pipes, such as a copper pipe or an aluminum alloy pipe, are welded on the upper heat conducting plate, and the inner hole is communicated with the space in the heat conducting plate.
The heat conduction branch pipe set up and extend in circulating water tank for the parallel interval of multiunit, effectively increase heat transfer area, certainly, the heat transfer branch pipe can adopt spiral or fin formula design in order to further promote the heat transfer effect.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an orientation of upper and lower. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cavity heat conduction type die casting head is characterized by comprising a forging pressure head, a pressure head heat conduction part fixedly connected with the forging pressure head and a pressure head circulating water tank fixedly connected with the pressure head heat conduction part and performing heat exchange, wherein a pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity is formed in the forging pressure head, a pressure head heat conduction channel communicated with the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity is arranged in the pressure head heat conduction part, the pressure head circulating water tank is externally designed, the heat exchange area with water can be effectively improved, the temperature control effect is improved, the forging pressure head comprises a pressure column with a matched profile formed at the front end and an inner cavity formed inside, and a connecting column fixedly connected with the rear end part of the pressure column, wherein the connecting column and the pressure column seal the inner cavity to form the pressure head heat transfer and conduction cavity, and the pressure head heat transfer and conduction channel form a closed space, the forging press head is characterized in that the closed space is a vacuum cavity, a vacuum heat-conducting medium is arranged in the closed space, heat of the forging press head is quickly transferred to the circulating water tank under the vacuum environment and along with the phase change of temperature, the press head heat-conducting portion is plate-shaped or barrel-shaped, an inner supporting column is arranged in the press head heat-conducting portion, and an axial supporting column is arranged in the press head heat-transferring heat-conducting cavity.
2. A cavity heat transfer type die casting head as claimed in claim 1, wherein said head heat transfer portion is provided with a plurality of head heat radiating branch pipes communicating with said head heat transfer passage and distributed in said circulation tank.
3. A cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting die is characterized by comprising a template, a template bearing plate, a hydraulic oil cylinder and the cavity heat-conducting die-casting head according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein a cavity is formed on the inner surface of the template, the template bearing plate is fixedly connected with the template, an annular channel is correspondingly formed in the template bearing plate and the template bearing plate, the front end of a forging pressure head is inserted into the annular channel in a matching mode, and the rear end of the forging pressure head is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder.
4. The cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the heat dissipation mechanism comprises a heat transfer and heat conduction cavity formed by a shaping plate and a shaping plate bearing plate at intervals, a heat conduction part and a circulating water tank, wherein a heat conduction channel communicated with the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity is formed in the heat conduction part, the circulating water tank is used for carrying out heat exchange with the heat conduction part, the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity and the heat conduction channel form a closed space, and the heat transfer and heat conduction cavity is at least formed around the annular channel.
5. The cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the heat transfer and conduction cavity is divided into more than two cavities, each heat transfer and conduction cavity is respectively provided with a heat conduction part, and the circulating water tanks are respectively, partially or totally and correspondingly arranged.
6. The cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the heat conducting part is plate-shaped and comprises an upper heat conducting plate and a lower heat conducting plate which are correspondingly welded, and a plurality of pillars for supporting and fixing the upper heat conducting plate and the lower heat conducting plate are arranged in the heat conducting channel.
7. The cavity heat-transferring and heat-conducting die-casting mold as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the heat conducting part is provided with a plurality of radiating branch pipes which are communicated with the heat conducting channel and distributed in the circulating water tank.
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