CN110947899A - Heat preservation device and method for steel ingot or steel billet in high-temperature alloy forging process - Google Patents
Heat preservation device and method for steel ingot or steel billet in high-temperature alloy forging process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110947899A CN110947899A CN201911388600.9A CN201911388600A CN110947899A CN 110947899 A CN110947899 A CN 110947899A CN 201911388600 A CN201911388600 A CN 201911388600A CN 110947899 A CN110947899 A CN 110947899A
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- steel ingot
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- heat preservation
- insulation blanket
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000753 refractory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J17/00—Forge furnaces
- B21J17/02—Forge furnaces electrically heated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a heat preservation device and a method for steel ingots or steel billets in a high-temperature alloy forging process, wherein the heat preservation device comprises a right arm, a left arm, a base, a heat preservation and insulation blanket and the steel ingots; the right arm and the left arm are fixed on the base and are composed of a plurality of joints, and each joint can rotate inwards at an angle of 0-180 degrees; the base is provided with a groove for supporting the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket and enabling the steel ingot to be fixed on the base, and the glass adhesive is adhered to the supporting heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket so that the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket can be adhered to the steel ingot. The invention adopts the automatic sheathing device and the self-adhesive heat-insulating blanket to realize the quick and automatic sheathing of the steel ingot after heating, effectively reduce the heat loss, meet the requirements of fine-grained and ultra-fine-grained structures of bars and greatly improve the working environment of operators.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of special material forging, and particularly relates to a heat preservation device and a heat preservation method for steel ingots or steel billets in a high-temperature alloy forging process.
Background
The deformed high-temperature alloy is mainly used as a key hot end part in important fields of aerospace, nuclear power energy, petrochemical industry and the like. With the rapid development of the technology, the requirements of the fields on the mechanical property, the microstructure and the like of the high-temperature alloy are higher and higher, and the requirements on the forging process are also improved. Due to the requirement of structural properties, such as fine-grained or ultra-fine-grained structures, or for some high-alloying refractory alloys which are difficult to deform, the temperature control window of the key forging process is very small, namely the forging temperature range is small, and the temperature control is one of the key points of the forging process. In the actual production process, in order to control the forging temperature, the heating temperature of the forge piece is selected as the upper limit of the allowable deformation temperature range, and meanwhile, the blank is wrapped by the sheath to slow down the heat loss in the transfer process and the hot working process, so that a better deformation structure is obtained.
The covering and wrapping is to cover the surface of the steel ingot or billet with a heat insulating material such as an aluminum silicate fiber blanket to reduce heat loss caused by radiation and convection of the steel ingot or billet, prevent contact heat transfer between the mold and the steel ingot or billet, and block heat transfer between the steel ingot or billet and air. Fixing the heat insulating material on the surface of the steel ingot or the billet by adopting a method of welding a stainless steel outer sleeve, and calling the heat insulating material as a hard sheath; the heat insulating material is fixed on the surface of the steel ingot or the billet by adopting an adhering mode, and the flexible sheath is called.
At present, the blank is directly coated by manpower, the labor intensity of workers is high, the working environment is severe, and the coating quality fluctuation is large.
The heat preservation method adopted in patent 201610272023.7, a method for reducing the forging cracking tendency of high-temperature alloy materials, is to heat a steel ingot or a steel billet after the steel ingot or the steel billet is wrapped. The method of heating by covering first and then heating in the furnace can lead to long heating time and large energy consumption, and the heating time of the steel ingot or the steel billet covered with the same mass is more than 2 times of the heating time of the steel ingot or the steel billet not covered with the same mass.
The heat preservation method adopted in patent 201510269497.1, a forging method of 500 kg-grade GH3230 high-temperature alloy, is to coat a layer (by using a spray gun or manually brushing) on a steel ingot or a steel billet and then attach a heat preservation and heat insulation material on the surface of the steel ingot or the steel billet. The method is inconvenient to operate in a high-temperature environment, has potential safety hazards, is uneven in artificial coating, and is easy to fall off wrapping materials.
Patent 201310359168.7 entitled "sheathing method for ultra-large nickel-based superalloy turbine disk" adopts a method of soft sheathing and then hard sheathing, that is, a superalloy blank is wrapped and compacted by heat insulation cotton, and then is wrapped and fixed by a stainless steel band. Although this method is complex, it can meet the requirement of forging heat-insulating for disk-shaped parts, but it is not suitable for cylindrical steel ingot or billet.
In summary, the traditional sheathing method has high labor intensity and severe working environment, and can cause the problems of overlong heating time of the high-temperature alloy blank in the furnace, high energy consumption, easy falling of the soft sheath, easy damage of the clamping and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a heat preservation device and a heat preservation method for a steel ingot or a steel billet in a high-temperature alloy forging process. The heat preservation device comprises a right arm, a left arm, a base, a heat preservation and insulation blanket and a steel ingot; the right arm and the left arm are fixed on the base and are composed of a plurality of joints, and each joint can rotate inwards at an angle of 0-180 degrees; the base is provided with a groove for supporting the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket and enabling the steel ingot to be fixed on the base, and the glass adhesive is adhered to the supporting heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket so that the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket can be adhered to the steel ingot.
Furthermore, the number of joints of the right arm and the left arm is 2-6.
Furthermore, the number of joints of the right arm and the left arm is preferably 3, and the joints are symmetrically arranged.
Further, each joint of the right arm and the left arm is driven by an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder independently.
Further, the groove on the base is preferably V-shaped.
A heat preservation method of a heat preservation device of steel ingots or steel billets in the forging process of high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, putting the steel ingot or the steel billet into a high-temperature electric furnace to be heated to 1000-1170 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5-3 hours;
step two, unfolding the right arm and the left arm of the heat preservation device, and flatly paving the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket adhered with the glass adhesive on the right arm and the left arm, wherein the surface with the glass adhesive faces upwards; the glass adhesive is adhered to the heat-insulating blanket by a special injector;
thirdly, moving the heated steel ingot out of the heating furnace and hoisting the steel ingot to a groove on a heat preservation device;
lifting the right arm of the heat preservation device to wrap the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket on the steel ingot, adhering the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket on the surface of the steel ingot under the action of the glass adhesive, and dropping the right arm to return to the original position;
lifting the left arm of the heat preservation device, wrapping the left heat preservation and heat insulation blanket on the steel ingot, adhering the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket to the surface of the steel ingot under the action of the glass adhesive, and dropping the left arm to return to the original position;
and sixthly, hanging away the steel ingot, clamping the steel ingot by using an operating machine, and forging the steel ingot by using a quick forging machine.
The invention adopts the automatic sheathing device and the self-adhesive heat-insulating blanket to realize the quick and automatic sheathing of the steel ingot after heating, effectively reduce the heat loss, reduce the risk of forging and cracking of the alloy which is difficult to deform, realize the forging in a narrow temperature range, obtain fine grain or ultra-fine grain tissues and greatly improve the working environment of operators.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the injection glass adhesive of the heat-insulating blanket of the invention.
In the figure: 1-right arm; 2-left arm; 3, a base; 4-heat preservation and insulation blanket; and 5, steel ingot.
Note: the two-dot chain line on the way is the equipment unfolding state.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, a heat preservation device for steel ingots or steel billets in a high-temperature alloy forging process comprises a right arm 1, a left arm 2, a base 3, a heat preservation and insulation blanket 4 and steel ingots 5; the right arm 1 and the left arm 2 are fixed on the base 3 and are composed of a plurality of joints, each joint is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, so that the use requirements of the joints in a high-temperature environment are met, and each joint can rotate inwards at an angle of 0-180 degrees; the groove on the base 3 is preferably a V-shaped groove and is used for supporting the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket 4 and enabling the steel ingot 5 to be fixed on the base 3, and the glass adhesive is adhered on the supporting heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket 4 so that the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket 4 can be adhered on the steel ingot 5. In fig. 1, the number of joints of the right arm 1 and the left arm 2 is preferably 3, and the joints are symmetrically arranged. Each joint of the right arm 1 and the left arm 2 is driven by an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder independently.
EXAMPLE 1 superalloy GH5188 round bar forging
1. Placing a GH5188 steel ingot with the diameter of 508mm into a high-temperature electric furnace to heat to 1170 ℃, and preserving heat for 3 hours;
2. unfolding the right arm 1 and the left arm 2 of the heat preservation device, and spreading the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 adhered with the glass adhesive on the right arm 1 and the left arm 2, wherein the surface with the glass adhesive faces upwards; the glass adhesive is adhered to the heat-insulating blanket 4 by a special injector, and referring to figure 2, black spots are the glass adhesive;
3. after heating, the steel ingot 5 is moved out of the heating furnace and is hoisted to a V-shaped groove on the heat preservation device;
4. the right arm 1 of the heat preservation device is lifted up firstly to wrap the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 on the right side on the steel ingot 5, the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is adhered to the surface of the steel ingot 5 under the action of the glass adhesive, and the right arm 1 falls down and returns to the original position;
5. the left arm 2 of the heat preservation device is lifted up, the left heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is wrapped on the steel ingot 5, the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is adhered to the surface of the steel ingot 5 under the action of the glass adhesive, and the left arm 2 falls down and returns to the original position;
6. the steel ingot 5 is lifted off, clamped by an operating machine, and forged by a rapid forging machine.
EXAMPLE 2 Fine grained Bar forging of superalloy GH4169
1. Placing GH4169 steel billets with the diameter of 360mm into a high-temperature electric furnace, heating to 1000-1020 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours;
2. unfolding the right arm 1 and the left arm 2 of the heat preservation device, and spreading the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 adhered with the glass adhesive on the right arm 1 and the left arm 2, wherein the surface with the glass adhesive faces upwards; the glass adhesive is adhered to the heat-insulating blanket 4 by a special injector, and referring to figure 2, black spots are the glass adhesive;
3. after heating, the steel ingot 5 is moved out of the heating furnace and is hoisted to a V-shaped groove on the heat preservation device;
4. the right arm 1 of the heat preservation device is lifted up firstly to wrap the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 on the right side on the steel ingot 5, the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is adhered to the surface of the steel ingot 5 under the action of the glass adhesive, and the right arm 1 falls down and returns to the original position;
5. the left arm 2 of the heat preservation device is lifted up, the left heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is wrapped on the steel ingot 5, the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket 4 is adhered to the surface of the steel ingot 5 under the action of the glass adhesive, and the left arm 2 falls down and returns to the original position;
6. and (3) lifting off the steel billet, clamping the steel billet by using an operating machine, and forging the steel billet by using a rapid forging machine, wherein the forging deformation is 40-60%. By the process, the 6-8 grade fine-grained GH4169 bar can be obtained.
Claims (6)
1. A heat preservation device of steel ingot or steel billet in the high-temperature alloy forging process is characterized in that: comprises a right arm (1), a left arm (2), a base (3), a heat-insulating blanket (4) and a steel ingot (5); the right arm (1) and the left arm (2) are fixed on the base (3) and are composed of a plurality of joints, and each joint can rotate inwards at an angle of 0-180 degrees; the base (3) is provided with a groove for supporting the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket (4) and enabling the steel ingot (5) to be fixed on the base (3), and the glass adhesive is adhered to the supporting heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket (4) so that the heat-preservation and heat-insulation blanket (4) can be adhered to the steel ingot (5).
2. The heat-insulating device for the steel ingot or the steel billet in the high-temperature alloy forging process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the number of joints of the right arm (1) and the left arm (2) is 2-6.
3. The heat-insulating device for the steel ingot or the steel billet in the high-temperature alloy forging process according to claim 2, characterized in that: the number of joints of the right arm (1) and the left arm (2) is preferably 3, and the joints are symmetrically arranged.
4. A device for keeping warm of ingots or billets in superalloy forging according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: each joint of the right arm (1) and the left arm (2) is driven by a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder independently.
5. The heat-insulating device for the steel ingot or the steel billet in the high-temperature alloy forging process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the groove on the base (3) is preferably V-shaped.
6. The method for maintaining the temperature of an apparatus for maintaining the temperature of a steel ingot or billet in the forging process of a superalloy according to any of claims 1 to 3 or 5, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, putting the steel ingot or the steel billet into a high-temperature electric furnace to be heated to 1000-1170 ℃, and preserving heat for 2.5-3 hours;
step two, unfolding a right arm (1) and a left arm (2) of the heat preservation device, and spreading a heat preservation and heat insulation blanket (4) adhered with the glass adhesive on the right arm (1) and the left arm (2) with the surface with the glass adhesive facing upwards; the glass adhesive is adhered to the heat-insulating blanket (4) by a special injector;
step three, moving the heated steel ingot (5) out of the heating furnace, and hoisting the steel ingot to a groove on a heat preservation device;
lifting the right arm (1) of the heat preservation device to wrap the right heat preservation and heat insulation blanket (4) on the steel ingot (5), adhering the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket (4) to the surface of the steel ingot (5) under the action of the glass adhesive, and dropping the right arm (1) to return to the original position;
lifting the left arm (2) of the heat preservation device, wrapping the left heat preservation and heat insulation blanket (4) on the steel ingot (5), adhering the heat preservation and heat insulation blanket (4) to the surface of the steel ingot (5) under the action of the glass adhesive, and dropping the left arm (2) to return to the original position;
and step six, lifting off the steel ingot (5), clamping by using an operating machine, and forging by using a quick forging machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911388600.9A CN110947899A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Heat preservation device and method for steel ingot or steel billet in high-temperature alloy forging process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911388600.9A CN110947899A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Heat preservation device and method for steel ingot or steel billet in high-temperature alloy forging process |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB743974A (en) * | 1951-09-28 | 1956-01-25 | Garringtons Ltd | Improvements in or relating to furnaces |
| US4046187A (en) * | 1974-06-24 | 1977-09-06 | Aikoh Co., Ltd. | Process of manufacturing killed steel ingots of superior quality |
| US4404830A (en) * | 1975-01-16 | 1983-09-20 | L. Schuler Gmbh | Method and apparatus for pressing parts from round stock |
| CN1683097A (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2005-10-19 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Heat keeping and forging and blank cogging method for GH742 alloy large steel ingot |
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| CN203470857U (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2014-03-12 | 江阴华强特钢铸锻热电有限公司 | Steel ingot heat-preserving box |
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-
2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911388600.9A patent/CN110947899A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (10)
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