CN1109416A - Correct elliptic parabola gauge - Google Patents
Correct elliptic parabola gauge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1109416A CN1109416A CN 94103674 CN94103674A CN1109416A CN 1109416 A CN1109416 A CN 1109416A CN 94103674 CN94103674 CN 94103674 CN 94103674 A CN94103674 A CN 94103674A CN 1109416 A CN1109416 A CN 1109416A
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- Prior art keywords
- line
- lametta
- seated
- track pen
- pen
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Abstract
With the aid of present drawing apparatus one can accurately describe an ellipse based on its focal length and length of major (or minor) axis, or a parabola based on its focal length; during the drawing, the fine metallic wire is kept to its total length and the pen is all along perpendicular to the paper. An example is shown in figure, where 1-focus seat, 2-track pen, 3-wire tail seat, 4-fine metallic wire, 5-parallel slide rule, 6-parallel strips, 7-described parabola.
Description
The present invention relates to drawing instrument, they are can draw exactly oval and parabolical drawing tools.
At present, still do not have can be according to can draw the exactly instrument (owing accurately to use the graphing method hell to pay with common backguy method) of ellipse of the length of the focal length of ellipse and length (or short) axle for known technology; Also not having can be according to the parabolical focal length parabolical instrument (also owing accurate with upright table described point graphing method hell to pay) that can draw exactly.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a cover drawing tools, can be according to the length of the focal length of ellipse and length (or short) the axle ellipse that can draw exactly; Also can be according to the parabolical focal length parabola that draws exactly.
The realization of the object of the invention divides oval and parabola two parts are set forth.
Ellipse is to the trajectory of bifocal apart from the point of sum certain (constant).We claim that any point on the trajectory is left reducing to the distance of left focus, and note is made R
1, this point is right reducing to the distance of right focus on the title trajectory, note is made R
2, then ellipse be exactly about two reducing sum (R
1+ R
2) trajectory of constant point.When oval, annulus (connecting the annulus seat) is being fixed in left focus with oval programming of the present invention; Line rifle (line gun platform) is fixed in right focus; Draw a lametta again from the track pen to the line rifle from annulus to the track pen, the line tail is fixed on the right reducing line with wire clamp after walking around the line rifle; The effect of wire clamp: the one, the length of regulating long (or short) axle, the 2nd, make the total length of lametta constant all the time in the picture process; Hand-held track pen is tightened lametta left half ellipse that can draw, and bifocal is exchanged, and half ellipse in addition can draw.In this ellipsograph: annulus can freely rotate in the annulus seat, and lametta is welded in the annulus edge, and the extended line that makes left reducing is all the time by annulus axle (left focus with vertical line paper); The alignment cover is housed at track pen middle part, and left reducing line aperture below it penetrates from it the face aperture again and passes and be right reducing line, makes the lametta that passes two apertures up and down coaxial with the track pen all the time; Track pen middle part about the two reducing lines position of pulling out have two pillbox windows, two reducing lines are unobstructed within 180 degree subtended angles about making; The elasticity nib being housed in the bottom of track pen and being shaped on the existing face of an end to make the track pen all the time can be perpendicular to paper; The line rifle freely rotate in can online gun platform, and on the central axis that a little is sitting at the line gun platform of turning back of the right reducing line in line gun breech hole (right focus with vertical line paper); It is flexible and difficult elongation that used lametta requires.In whole picture process, because of annulus seat and line gun platform motionless all the time, because of lametta is tauted all the time, because of lametta does not have a bit winding all the time, so about two reducing line line length sum (R
1+ R
2) remain constant, so the trajectory that ellipsograph of the present invention drew is oval accurately.
Parabola is to meet functional expression y=ax
2The trajectory of point.We claim that any point on the parabola is a reducing to the distance of its focus, and note is made R; Claim that this distance of putting central axis is x on the parabola
1Claim that this axial distance of putting the parabola summit is y on the parabola
1, and be y to the axial distance of parabola terminal
2, claim that the parabola summit is y to the axial distance of terminal, then has y=y
1+ y
2Relation; The distance of title from focus to the parabola summit is focal length, and note is made f. proves that first parabola exists a reducing law: parabolical reducing is always axial distance and its focal length sum, the i.e. R=y of this reducing tail end to the parabola summit
1+ f.Prove as follows: because of it is a parabola, so y
1=ax
2And 4a,f=1 two formulas are set up.Because of R
2=x
1 2+ (y
1-f)
2(because of being right angled triangle)=x
1 2+ (ax
1 2-f)
2=x
1 2+ a
2x
1 4-2afx
1 2+ f
2=a
2x
1 4+ 2afx
1 2+ f
2=(ax
1 2+ f)
2=(y
1+ f)
2So, get when real-valued only getting: R=y
1+ f.This reducing law provides rationale for para-curve gauge of the present invention.With parabola programming parabola of the present invention the time, annulus (connecting the annulus seat) is fixed in focus; The line tailstock is fixed in the low order end of parallel slide rule; The track pen is loaded on parallel slide rule and can horizontally slips in its chute, and parallel slide rule blade can be made upper and lower translation and slide; Draw a lametta again from the track pen to the line tailstock from annulus to the track pen, after regulating focal length with little iron clamp on the line uropore of the online tailstock of line tail end clamping; Hand-held track pen is tightened lametta two halves (promptly all) parabola up and down that can draw.In this para-curve gauge: substantially the same in the structure of annulus and effect and the ellipsograph only is lowly slightly it can not to be collided with parallel slide rule get final product; The structure of track pen and effect also with ellipsograph in similar, cause here track pen is contained on the parallel slide rule, so the length of its alignment cover will be a bit larger tham the thickness of parallel slide rule, the aperture of reducing line below parallel slide rule penetrates from it the aperture of face again and passes and be y
2Line also is equipped with a slide block at the middle part of track pen, and the track pen not only can be horizontally slipped along the central axis of parallel slide rule but also can rotate around self central shaft; The two ends, the left and right sides of parallel slide rule be shaped on blade perpendicular about two shoes, make parallel slide rule can along by be installed on the drawing board about two parallel-plate row culture upper and lower translations slide; Parallel slide rule blade is higher than the annulus seat, and they can not be collided when drawing; In the situation of others and the ellipsograph mutually roughly the same.In whole picture process, because of lametta is tauted all the time, because of lametta does not have a bit winding all the time, also because of y
2Line remains parallel with the central axis of trajectory, so the line length (being reducing R) from track pen (being any point on the drawn trajectory) to annulus (being focus) (is y with this axial line length of putting the trajectory terminal
2) sum (is R+y
2) constant all the time; These two line length sum (R+y
2) when the track pen is in the trajectory summit y+f (y=y
1+ y
2). by R+y
2=y+f can draw R=y
1The conclusion of+f.As seen this track pen trajectory of being drawn meets top said parabolical reducing law: R=y fully
1+ f, the trajectory that para-curve gauge of the present invention drew is a parabola accurately thus.
Owing to adopt such scheme, the instrument ellipse that draws exactly can be arranged according to the length of the focal length of ellipse and length (or short) axle; According to parabolical focal length the instrument parabola that draws exactly can be arranged.
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the condition diagram of the oval programming ellipse of 3 twin wires.Fig. 2 is an alignment shell type elliptical orbit general assembly vertical section structural map, and Fig. 3 is the A--A cutaway view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is the B--B cutaway view of Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is the oval vertical semi-section structural map with annulus (seated) of picture.Fig. 6 is the vertical section structural map of line rifle (seated).Fig. 7 is 3 parabolical condition diagrams of twin wire parabola programming.Fig. 8 is an alignment shell type parabolic path general assembly vertical section structural map.Fig. 9 is the vertical semi-section structural map of picture parabola with annulus (seated).Figure 10 is a line tailstock vertical section structural map, and Figure 11 is the C--C cutaway view of Figure 10.Figure 12 is the vertical view of parallel slide rule, and Figure 13 is the E--E cutaway view of Figure 12, and Figure 14 is the F--F cutaway view of Figure 12.Figure 15 is the condition diagram of the oval programming ellipse diagram of 3 three-wire types.Figure 16 is the wire clamp front view, and Figure 17 is the G--G cutaway view of Figure 16.Figure 18 is the vertical semi-section structural map of a circular ring type elliptical orbit general assembly.Figure 19 is left line rifle (seated) vertical section structural map, and Figure 20 is that the A of Figure 19 is to view.Figure 21 is right line rifle (seated) vertical section structural map, and Figure 22 is that the B of Figure 21 is to view.Figure 23 is 3 parabolical condition diagrams of three-wire type parabola programming.Figure 24 is the vertical semi-section structural map of a circular ring type parabolic path general assembly.Figure 25 is the vertical section structural map that the line rifle is connected with the stringing left arm.Figure 26 is the vertical section structural map that a stringing left side, middle arm connect.The vertical section structural map that Figure 27 is in the stringing, right arm connects.Figure 28 is the vertical semi-section structural map that the stringing right arm is connected with the line stern post.
3. line rifle (seated) of 1. alignment shell type elliptical orbit pen 2. annulus (seated) in the accompanying drawing
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31.32. 33. 34. （ ） 35. （ ） 36. 37. 38. 39. 40.[ （ 11 ） ] 42. 43. 44. 46. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50.。
Fig. 1--Fig. 6 is the embodiment of 3 twin wire ellipsographs.With this programming ellipse the time, annulus (seated) (2) is fixed in left focus; Line rifle (seated) (3) is fixed in right focus; Draw a lametta (5) to line rifle (seated) (3) from annulus (seated) (2) again to alignment shell type elliptical orbit pen (1), after the length that regulates long (or short) axle, the line tail walk around line rifle (21) (Fig. 6) Kong Houyong wire clamp (4) be fixed on [wire clamp (4) is formed (as Figure 16, shown in Figure 17) by wire clamp sheet (37) and wire clamp hoop (38)] on the right reducing line; Tighten lametta (5) with track pen (1) left half ellipse (situation as shown in Figure 1) that can draw, can draw after half ellipse exchanges left and right sides bifocal in addition.In this ellipsograph: annulus (18) can freely rotate (Fig. 5) in annulus seat (19), lametta (5) is welded in annulus (18) edge, and the extended line that makes left reducing line is the axial line by annulus seat (19) (be on the left focus with vertical line picture) (Fig. 1, Fig. 5) all the time; At track pen (1) middle part alignment cover (6 is housed, 7,8), left side reducing line penetrates to pass from the central small hole of last alignment nest plate (7) from the central small hole of alignment nest plate (8) down again and is right reducing line (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), last alignment nest plate (7) reaches down, and alignment nest plate (8) is fixed on the alignment sleeve (6) with one heart with weldering or sticking method, the also big (Fig. 1 in the center of alignment sleeve (6), Fig. 4), do like this is for alignment cover (6,7,8) easily processing, the effect of alignment cover be make pass its central shaft hole lametta (5) all the time with track pen (1) coaxial (Fig. 2); The middle part of track pen, about the two reducing lines position of pulling out, at alignment cover body (11) and go up alignment cover pressure ring (9), have the pillbox fenestras (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) of two 180 degree on the alignment cover pressure ring (10) down, two reducing lines are unobstructed within 180 degree subtended angles about can making; Nib (16) is housed in the bottom of track pen (1) and have spring (15) nib (16) bullet to paper, with the pen cap that has been threaded (17), it makes on the one hand changes that nib (16) is convenient to make whole track pen (1) be easy to all the time perpendicular to paper on the other hand in the lower end of alignment cover body (11); Top at alignment cover body (11) has nut (12), nut cap (13) and compact heap (14) to be fixed alignment cover parts such as (6,7,8); Line rifle (21) is welded on the line rifle rotating disk (22), this welding body can be gone up around central shaft rotation (Fig. 6) by online gun platform (23), the central axis of the axis of the centre bore of line rifle (21) by the line gun platform makes central axis (on the right focus with vertical line picture) that right reducing line (or extended line) can pass through the line gun platform (Fig. 1).
Fig. 7--Figure 14 is the embodiment of 3 twin wire para-curve gauges.With this programming parabola the time, annulus (seated) (2) is fixed in focus, line tailstock (26) is fixed in the low order end of parallel slide rule (27); Alignment shell type parabolic path pen (25) can horizontally slip in the chute of parallel slide rule (27), and parallel slide rule (27) can slide along make upper and lower translation by parallel strip (28); Draw a lametta (5) to line tailstock (26) from annulus (2) again to track pen (25), after regulating focal length with little iron clamp (not drawing among the figure) the line uropore sheet (30) of the online tailstock of line tail end clamping (26) (Figure 10) on; Tighten lametta (5) with track pen (25) up and down two halves (promptly all) parabola (situation as shown in Figure 7) that can draw.In this para-curve gauge: basic identical in the structure of annulus (seated) (2) and effect and the ellipsograph, only be size, the shape that has changed some annulus (18), annulus nail (20), in order that make whole annulus (seated) (2) be lower than parallel slide rule (27), they can not collided (comparison diagram 9, Fig. 5 are as can be known) in picture; The structure of track pen (25) and effect also with ellipsograph in track pen (1) similar (comparison diagram 8, Fig. 2), the alignment sleeve (6) of its alignment sleeve (6) in track pen (1) is long in track pen (25), and its length will equal the thickness of parallel slide rule (27); At track pen (25) middle part one slide block (29) is housed also, its centre bore is circle and alignment cover body (11) matches, and its profile side of being matches with the chute of parallel slide rule (27); Going up in the chute section at parallel slide rule (27) is wide mouth (Fig. 8, Figure 10) up, slide block (29) can be slided therein; Right-hand member at parallel slide rule (27) then is wide mouth down (Figure 10, Figure 11), so that hookup wire tailstock (26); Pen cap (17) in track pen (25) also with track pen (1) in pen cap (17) different (Fig. 8, Fig. 2), in Fig. 2, a bigger transverse plane, then need not have in Fig. 8 arranged; Figure 10, shown in Figure 11 be the situation that is connected of line tailstock (26) and parallel slide rule (27), line tail piece (31) is fixed on the low order end of parallel slide rule (27) with screw (32), nut (33), its front end of line tail piece (31) embeds in the holddown groove of parallel slide block (27) (wide mouth down), its rear end can be in the surface of parallel slide rule (27), can be inserted in screw (32), line uropore sheet (30) is welded in the front end of line tail piece (31) and can makes lametta (5) (y line) and parallel slide rule (27) coaxial inner conductor; The two ends of parallel slide rule (27) be shaped on blade perpendicular about two shoes, can be along making upper and lower translation slide (Fig. 7) by being installed in parallel strip (28) on the drawing board (not drawing among the figure); In the situation of others and the ellipsograph mutually roughly the same.
Figure 15--Figure 22 is the embodiment of 3 three-wire type ellipsographs.With this programming ellipse the time, left line rifle (seated) (34) is fixed in left focus; Right line rifle (seated) (35) is fixed in right focus; Between left line rifle (seated) (34), right line rifle (seated) (35), circular ring type elliptical orbit pen (36) three, drawn lametta (5), use in the long back that regulates long (or short) axle wire clamp (4) two line tail clampings between the bifocal of the left and right sides; Tighten lametta (5) with track pen (36) left half ellipse (situation as shown in figure 15) that can draw, can draw after half ellipse exchanges left and right sides bifocal in addition.In this ellipsograph: the structure of left line rifle (34) and right line rifle (35) and effect (Figure 19, Figure 21) are the same with line rifle (3) among Fig. 6, only are that separately height is different; Track pen (36) is (Figure 18) (Fig. 2) different with track pen (1), in Figure 18, last annulus (42), following annulus (43) be not because setscrew nut (39) can make them compacted, freely rotate so can go up at a body (40), the extended line that is welded in the lametta (5) at annulus edge is just passing through the central axis of track pen (36); And other situation is all identical with each corresponding part among Fig. 2 or mutually roughly the same as the structure of nut (12), nut cap (13), spring (15), nib (16) and pen cap (17) and effect.
Figure 23--Figure 28 is the embodiment of 3 three-wire type para-curve gauges.With this programming parabola the time, line rifle (seated) (3) is fixed in focus, line stern post (48) is fixed in the low order end of parallel slide rule (27); Circular ring type parabolic path pen (47) can horizontally slip in the chute of parallel slide rule (27), and parallel slide rule (27) can slide along make upper and lower translation by parallel strip (28); One stringing arm (44,45,46) is housed between online rifle (seated) (3) and the line stern post (48), and the stringing arm is formed (Figure 23) by arm (45), stringing right arm (46) three arms in stringing left arm (44), the stringing; The left end hole of stringing left arm (44) and line rifle rotating disk (22) are reinstated line rifle nail (24) and are fixed in parabolic focus (Figure 25, Figure 23), in the right-hand member hole of stringing left side stern (44) and the stringing in the left end hole of arm (45) and the stringing right-hand member hole of arm (45) be connected (Figure 25, Figure 26, Figure 28) with the left end hole of stringing right arm (46) with rivet (49); Line rifle (21) all is equipped with at the two ends, the left and right sides of arm in the stringing (45), and the outlet of two line rifle (21) tails is on its central axis that connects rivet (49) (Figure 26, Figure 27, Figure 23); The right-hand member hole of stringing right arm (46) be connected with line stern post axle (50) (Figure 28), the upper end of online stern post axle (50) is equipped with alignment nest plate (7), following alignment nest plate (8) is housed (Figure 28) in the middle under parallel slide rule (27), line stern post axle (50) is fixed on the right-hand member (Figure 28, Figure 23) of parallel slide rule (27) chute with nut (39); From track pen (47) to line rifle (seated) (3), drawn lametta (5) (Figure 23) from track pen (47) to line stern post (48) and online rifle (seated) (3) and the line stern post (48) by stringing arm (44,45,46), after regulating focal length with wire clamp (4) two line tail clampings in stringing in the middle of the arm (45) (not drawing among the figure); The effect of stringing arm (44,45,46) makes the length of the lametta (5) that draws between them constant all the time when being variable in distance between online rifle (seated) (3) and the line stern post (48), thereby has guaranteed (R+Y
2) sum is constant all the time in the picture process; Line stern post (48) can make Y
2Line on the central axis of parallel slide rule (27), also can make parallel slide rule (27) and stringing arm (44,45,46) not collide in the picture process all the time; Tighten lametta (5), the first half parabola that can draw when stringing arm (44,45,46) is placed the below, Lower Half parabola can draw when placing the top.Track pen (36) among track pen (47) among Figure 24 and Figure 18 and the track pen (25) among Fig. 8 aspect structure and effect mutually roughly the same: the last annulus (42) among Figure 24, down annulus (43), nut (12), nut cap (13), setscrew nut (39), spring (15), nib (16) etc. all with Figure 18 in the identical or phase of each corresponding part roughly the same; Parallel slide rule (27) among Figure 24, slide block (29), pen cap (17) etc. are all identical with each corresponding part among Fig. 8 or mutually roughly the same.And parallel slide rule (27) among Figure 24 and parallel strip (28) all with Fig. 7 in identical.
Claims (5)
1. a cover can be drawn oval and parabolical instrument, is made up of focus seat, track pen, fine rule etc., it is characterized in that:
A. ellipsograph: drawn lametta between left and right sides bifocal seat and track pen, the total length of institute's backguy does not have a bit variation all the time in the picture process, and the track pen is easily vertical with paper all the time;
B. para-curve gauge: at focus seat, track pen and be loaded between the line tailstock (post) of parallel slide rule right-hand member and drawn lametta, the total length of institute's backguy does not have a bit variation all the time in the picture process, and the track pen is all the time perpendicular to paper.
2. according to the described drawing tools of claim 1 (a), it is characterized in that: between left focus seat [annulus (seated)], alignment shell type track pen and right focus seat [line rifle (seated)], drawn lametta, formed 3 twin wire ellipsographs.
3. according to the described drawing tools of claim 1 (a), it is characterized in that: between left and right sides bifocal seat [about two line rifles (seated)] and circular ring type track pen, drawn lametta, formed 3 three-wire type ellipsographs.
4. according to the described drawing tools of claim 1 (b), it is characterized in that: at focus seat [annulus (seated)], alignment shell type track pen and be loaded between the line tailstock of parallel slide rule right-hand member and drawn lametta, form 3 twin wire para-curve gauges.
5. according to the described drawing tools of claim 1 (b), it is characterized in that: at focus seat [line rifle (seated)], circular ring type track pen and be loaded between the line stern post of parallel slide rule right-hand member and drawn lametta, form 3 three-wire type para-curve gauges by stringing three arms between line rifle (seated) and the line stern post.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94103674 CN1109416A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1994-03-31 | Correct elliptic parabola gauge |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94103674 CN1109416A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1994-03-31 | Correct elliptic parabola gauge |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1109416A true CN1109416A (en) | 1995-10-04 |
Family
ID=5031205
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94103674 Pending CN1109416A (en) | 1994-03-31 | 1994-03-31 | Correct elliptic parabola gauge |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1109416A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7856664B2 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2010-12-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method, system and computer program for a secure backup license server in a license management system |
| CN102990187A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-27 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Portable ellipse cutting torch |
-
1994
- 1994-03-31 CN CN 94103674 patent/CN1109416A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7856664B2 (en) | 2005-11-22 | 2010-12-21 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method, system and computer program for a secure backup license server in a license management system |
| CN102990187A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-03-27 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Portable ellipse cutting torch |
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