CN110940619A - High-precision smoke detector - Google Patents

High-precision smoke detector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110940619A
CN110940619A CN201911307903.3A CN201911307903A CN110940619A CN 110940619 A CN110940619 A CN 110940619A CN 201911307903 A CN201911307903 A CN 201911307903A CN 110940619 A CN110940619 A CN 110940619A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stopper
labyrinth
receiving unit
smoke detector
base
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Pending
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CN201911307903.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗倩倩
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Wuxi Institute of Commerce
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Wuxi Institute of Commerce
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Priority to CN201911307903.3A priority Critical patent/CN110940619A/en
Publication of CN110940619A publication Critical patent/CN110940619A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means
    • G01N15/0211Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/01Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision smoke detector which comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a labyrinth and a base body, wherein the transmitting unit is connected with the receiving unit; the labyrinth cover is arranged on the surface of the base, and the labyrinth cover and the base enclose together to form a detection chamber; a smoke inlet is annularly formed in the side face of the labyrinth; the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are correspondingly arranged on the base; a first stopper is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth opposite to the base; the first blocking piece is correspondingly arranged on a primary reflection optical path between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit; an optical trap is arranged on the inner wall of the maze around the first stopper; the first blocking piece can reflect the light reaching the surface of the first blocking piece to other places, so that the interference of the work of collecting the smoke reflected light by the receiving unit is reduced, and the detection precision is improved; under the guiding and converging action of the first stopper, smoke can rapidly move to an effective detection light path of the emission unit, so that the detection efficiency and accuracy of the smoke detector are improved, and an alarm is given out in time.

Description

High-precision smoke detector
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of security protection, in particular to a high-precision smoke detector.
Background
Fire smoke detectors are divided into two main categories according to their detection principles: ionic smoke detectors and photoelectric smoke detectors. Wherein the radioactive source of the ion type detector pollutes the environment and can be gradually eliminated by the market. The photoelectric smoke detector detects the received light intensity of different smoke particles by using the principle of particle-optical scattering and refraction, and judges whether fire smoke particles exist or not by comparing different threshold values, ratios or differences and gives an alarm.
The majority of the labyrinth designs of the single-color infrared light detection methods mainly used by the photoelectric smoke detectors on the market at present are of the forward reflection type. The method has low cost and simple use, but has the main problems that: 1. the method is not sensitive to black smoke response, so most schemes adopt a method for reducing a threshold value to adapt to black smoke, and the method is effective but can cause more false alarms, particularly the false alarm condition of water vapor, so that the detection accuracy is reduced; 2. the production and assembly are troublesome, because the used separated optical devices including the luminous tube and the receiving tube need to bend the pins and then insert the pins into a labyrinth or perform reverse operation, the labor cost is high, and the production efficiency is low; 3. the surface of the optical device is easily influenced by solid floating objects such as dust and the like after working for a period of time, so that the detection precision is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-precision smoke detector which has stable operation, high detection reliability and convenient maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-precision smoke detector which is stable in operation, high in detection reliability and convenient to maintain.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the high-precision smoke detector comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a labyrinth and a base body; the labyrinth cover is arranged on the surface of the base, and the labyrinth cover and the base enclose together to form a detection chamber; one side of the base, which is back to the maze, is connected with the top of the detection area; a smoke inlet is annularly formed in the side face of the labyrinth; the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are correspondingly arranged on the base; a first stopper is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth opposite to the base; the first blocking piece is correspondingly arranged on a primary reflection optical path between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit; optical traps are arranged on the inner wall of the maze around the first stopper.
Further, the surface of the first stopper is a plane or a smoothly-transitional curved surface.
Furthermore, the first stopper is of a rotational symmetry structure; the transmitting unit comprises a transmitter; the emitters are arranged around the first stopper; the light sources generated by the plurality of emitters are respectively provided with different wavelengths.
Further, the first stopper is a tapered structure, and the surface of the first stopper gradually shrinks along the direction approaching the base.
Furthermore, the surface of the first stopper is made of black material.
Furthermore, the first stopper is of a hollow structure, and an accommodating cavity is correspondingly arranged on the outer surface of the labyrinth; a loudspeaker is arranged in the accommodating cavity; the upper limit of the vibration frequency of the loudspeaker is positioned in the ultrasonic range; the loudspeaker is attached to the wall surface of the first stopper.
Further, the lower limit of the vibration frequency of the loudspeaker is located in the infrasonic wave range.
Furthermore, the emitter adopts a patch type emission tube; a second stopper is correspondingly arranged on a direct transceiving path between the transmitter and the receiving unit; one side of the second stopper facing the emitter is an inclined plane, and a reflection light path of the inclined plane corresponding to the emitter corresponds to the optical trap.
Further, a third stopper is arranged around the emitter; the third retaining pieces are distributed pairwise or are matched with the second retaining pieces in pairs; the third stoppers matched in pairs are respectively positioned on the side, facing the receiving unit, of the corresponding transmitter and the side, facing away from the receiving unit, of the corresponding transmitter; the third blocking piece matched with the second blocking piece in pair is positioned at one side of the corresponding emitter back to the second blocking piece.
Has the advantages that: the invention relates to a high-precision smoke detector which comprises a transmitting unit, a receiving unit, a labyrinth and a base body, wherein the transmitting unit is connected with the receiving unit; the labyrinth cover is arranged on the surface of the base, and the labyrinth cover and the base enclose together to form a detection chamber; one side of the base, which is back to the maze, is connected with the top of the detection area; a smoke inlet is annularly formed in the side face of the labyrinth; the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are correspondingly arranged on the base; a first stopper is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth opposite to the base; the first blocking piece is correspondingly arranged on a primary reflection optical path between the transmitting unit and the receiving unit; an optical trap is arranged on the inner wall of the maze around the first stopper; the first blocking piece can reflect the light reaching the surface of the first blocking piece to other places, so that the interference of the work of collecting the smoke reflected light by the receiving unit is reduced, and the detection precision is improved; under the guiding and converging action of the first stopper, smoke can rapidly move to an effective detection light path of the emission unit, so that the detection efficiency and accuracy of the smoke detector are improved, and an alarm is given out in time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a smoke detector;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a smoke detector with a small angle emitter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first stopper;
FIG. 4 is a structural view of a second stopper;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the position of smoke in the detector;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a first stop and optical trap distribution location;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the distribution positions of the transceiving element and the third stop;
figure 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the smoke detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A high-precision smoke detector is shown in figure 1 and comprises a transmitting unit 1, a receiving unit 2, a labyrinth 3 and a base 4; the labyrinth 3 is covered on the surface of the base 4, and the labyrinth and the base enclose together to form a detection chamber 9; one side of the base 4, which is back to the maze 3, is connected with the top of the detection area, that is, the base 4 is usually attached to the top of the detection area; a smoke inlet 302 is annularly arranged on the side surface of the labyrinth 3, an insect-proof net 303 is further arranged on the periphery of the smoke inlet 302, as shown in fig. 6, the smoke inlet 302 can prevent external light from directly irradiating or reflecting into the detection chamber 9 inside the labyrinth 3, the optical trap 301 can play a role in absorbing and reflecting light, reflects and absorbs light from the reflection unit 1, and prevents the light from irradiating the receiving unit 2; the transmitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2 are correspondingly arranged on the base 4; a first stopper 307 is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth 3 opposite to the base 4; the first blocking member 307 is correspondingly disposed on the primary reflection optical path between the emitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2, so as to prevent the light irradiated from the emitting unit 1 from being directly received by the receiving unit 2; the inner wall of the labyrinth 3 around the first barrier 307 is provided with an optical trap 301, such as a corrugated reflecting surface form or an optical barrier form, and the like, and the optical trap has the main function of reflecting light reaching the surface of the optical trap to other places so as to reduce interference on the work of collecting smoke reflected light by the receiving unit 2;
the surface of the first blocking piece 307 is a plane or a smooth transition curved surface, so that the position of a reflected light path is convenient to calculate and predict, and the debugging of a detector is facilitated; the transmitting unit 1 comprises a plurality of transmitters 11; a plurality of said emitters 11 are arranged around the first barrier 307; the first blocking member 307 is a rotationally symmetrical structure, so that it can be ensured that light rays irradiated to the first blocking member 307 by the emitters 11 in different directions can be effectively reflected; as shown in fig. 4, for different structural options of the first stopper 307, two parts (a) and (b) in the figure are rotationally symmetrical cone-shaped structures, the surfaces of which gradually shrink in the direction close to the base 4, and such structures have the advantages that: when the reflector is corresponding to a plurality of annularly distributed emitters 11, the reflector can have stable reflection capability in all directions; the two parts (c) and (d) in the figure are used for the case that a single emitter or a plurality of emitters are close to each other; in addition, the surface of the first blocking member 307 is made of black material, so that light can be effectively weakened in a reflection mode each time, and interference on work of collecting smoke reflection light by the receiving unit 2 is further reduced;
as shown in fig. 5, smoke 5 from the outside flows from the smoke inlet 302 to the central position of the detection chamber 9, and then the smoke contacts the first stopper 307 and gradually gathers along the surface of the first stopper 307; under the guiding and converging action of the first stopper 307, the smoke can rapidly move to the effective detection light path of the emission unit 1, so that the detection efficiency of the smoke detector is improved, and an alarm can be given in time.
The light sources generated by the plurality of emitters 11 are respectively provided with different wavelengths, according to the industry practice, the emitter 11 close to the receiving unit 2 preferably adopts a light source with a shorter wavelength, such as blue light, while the emitter 11 far from the receiving unit 2 adopts a light source with a longer wavelength, such as infrared light, α and β in the figure 1 respectively refer to different emitting angles of the light-emitting tube 11, gamma is the optical receiving included angle range of the receiving unit 2 and is marked by a dotted line, meanwhile, the light sources with different wavelengths can also be integrated on the same emitter 11, because the emitting angle is larger, some light can reach the top of the labyrinth 3 to cause the light to be emitted to the receiving tube 2, at this time, the component 301 at the top of the labyrinth 3 plays a great role of absorbing the light reflection level as much as possible and avoiding returning to the receiving tube 2, and meanwhile, theta 1 and theta 2 in the figure respectively refer to the inclined angles of the inclined planes of the first barrier 307 corresponding to the emitting unit 1 and the receiving unit 2, and the angles are.
In addition, as shown in the figure, the emission unit 1 adopts a patch type emission tube device, and the patch type device can be purchased directly from the market, and the specific structure of the patch type device is not described again; the surface mount devices are pre-mounted on the base 4 with the circuit before the detector is assembled, so that the complicated mounting and adjusting process of the pin type devices can be avoided, and the product assembling efficiency is greatly improved;
a second baffle 305 is correspondingly arranged on a direct transceiving path between the transmitter 11 and the receiving unit 2; the side of the second stopper 305 facing the emitter 11 is an inclined surface; the primary purpose of the second stop 305 is two: firstly, light from the emitter 11 is prevented from directly irradiating the receiving unit 2, and internal light pollution is avoided; the other is to control the optical angle of the light emitting and receiving devices, thereby facilitating calibration and adjustment of detection parameters; as shown in fig. 3, the shape of the second stopper 305 may take various forms, wherein (a) and (b) are both tapered structures, which is advantageous in that: when the reflector is corresponding to a plurality of annularly distributed emitters 11, the reflector can have stable reflection capability in all directions; the three parts (c), (d) and (e) in the figure are used for the case that a single emitter or a plurality of emitters are close to each other; in addition, the surface of the second baffle 305 is also made of black material, so that light can be effectively weakened in a reflection mode each time, and interference on work of collecting smoke reflection light by the receiving unit 2 is further reduced;
a third baffle 306 is arranged around the emitter 11; the third stoppers 306 are distributed in pairs or matched with the second stoppers 305; the third stoppers 306 engaged in pairs are respectively located on the side facing the receiving unit 2 and the side facing away from the receiving unit 2 of the corresponding emitter 11; the third stop 306, which is paired with the second stop 305, is located on the side of the corresponding emitter 11 facing away from the second stop 305; the third stop 306, which functions similarly to 305, is placed mainly beside the optics to control the angle of optical emission or reception, since most patch emitters currently have a relatively large emission angle, and although some power consumption is lost, the emission angle and the light projected into the maze can be controlled simply by this method. The third stop 306 is preferably in the form of a partition, which does not occupy space and can effectively block the light path, and other equivalent designs can be adopted; FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the distribution positions of the first stop and the optical traps, and FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the distribution positions of the transceiver element and the third stop, both taken from a top view; as shown in fig. 1, h1 represents the height of the first stopper 307, h3 represents the height of the second stopper 305, and h2 represents the height of the gap between the first stopper 307 and the second stopper 305, and by adjusting these three parameters, the smoke accumulation position, the detection light emission angle, and other parameters can be adjusted.
As shown in fig. 8, which shows the orientation of the smoke detector in the use state (part of the detector structure is not shown in the figure), the first blocking member 307 is a hollow structure, and a containing cavity 72 is correspondingly arranged on the outer surface of the labyrinth 3; a loudspeaker 8 is arranged in the accommodating cavity 72; the loudspeaker 8 has any one or two of ultrasonic wave or infrasonic wave vibration frequency which can not be heard by human ears; the loudspeaker 8 is attached to the wall surface of the first stopper 307; after the smoke detector is used for a period of time, the surfaces of the smoke inlet 302, the insect-proof net 303 and each reflecting element inside the detection chamber 9 are easily affected by solid floating objects such as dust, and the detection accuracy is reduced; the first blocking piece 307 and the detector can be driven to vibrate integrally by using infrasonic wave or ultrasonic vibration of the loudspeaker 8, so that dust and impurities on the surface can be shaken off, and the optical performance of the detector is ensured to be stable for a long time; meanwhile, the loudspeaker 8 can obviously reduce noise in the state of infrasonic wave or ultrasonic vibration, and cannot influence the activities of surrounding personnel.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the emitting unit 1 may also adopt a patch type emitting tube with a narrow emitting angle, or a light-shielding shell or the like may be provided on the surface of the emitting tube with a large emitting angle, and the third stopper 306 may be omitted.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A high accuracy smoke detector characterized in that: comprises a transmitting unit (1), a receiving unit (2), a labyrinth (3) and a base body (4); the labyrinth (3) is covered on the surface of the base (4), and the labyrinth and the base enclose together to form a detection chamber (9); a smoke inlet (302) is arranged on the side surface of the labyrinth (3) in the circumferential direction; the transmitting unit (1) and the receiving unit (2) are correspondingly arranged on the base (4); a first stopper (307) is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth (3) opposite to the base (4); the first stopper (307) is correspondingly arranged on a primary reflection optical path between the transmitting unit (1) and the receiving unit (2); an optical trap (301) is arranged on the inner wall of the labyrinth (3) around the first stopper (307).
2. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 1 wherein: the surface of the first stopper (307) is a plane or a smoothly-transitional curved surface.
3. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 1 wherein: the first stopper (307) is of a rotationally symmetrical structure; the transmitting unit (1) comprises a transmitter (11); a plurality of said emitters (11) are arranged around the first screen (307); the light sources generated by the plurality of emitters (11) are respectively provided with different wavelengths.
4. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 3 wherein: the first stopper (307) is a conical structure, and the surface of the first stopper gradually shrinks along the direction close to the base (4).
5. A high accuracy smoke detector according to any of claims 1-4, wherein: the surface of the first stopper (307) is made of black material.
6. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 1 wherein: the first stopper (307) is of a hollow structure, and an accommodating cavity (72) is correspondingly arranged on the outer surface of the labyrinth (3); a loudspeaker (8) is arranged in the accommodating cavity (72); the upper limit of the vibration frequency of the loudspeaker (8) is positioned in the ultrasonic range; the loudspeaker (8) is attached to the wall surface of the first stopper (307).
7. The high accuracy smoke detector of claim 6, wherein: the lower limit of the vibration frequency of the loudspeaker (8) is located in the infrasonic wave range.
8. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 1 wherein: the emitter (11) adopts a patch type emitting tube; a second stopper (305) is correspondingly arranged on a direct transceiving path between the transmitter (11) and the receiving unit (2); the side, facing the emitter (11), of the second blocking piece (305) is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane corresponds to the position of the optical trap (301) corresponding to the reflection light path of the emitter (11).
9. A high accuracy smoke detector according to claim 8 wherein: a third stopper (306) is arranged around the emitter (11); the third stoppers (306) are distributed pairwise or are matched with the second stoppers (305) in pairs; the third stoppers (306) matched in pairs are respectively positioned on the side facing the receiving unit (2) and the side facing away from the receiving unit (2) of the corresponding emitter (11); the third stop (306) paired with the second stop (305) is located on the side of the corresponding emitter (11) facing away from the second stop (305).
CN201911307903.3A 2019-12-18 2019-12-18 High-precision smoke detector Pending CN110940619A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112798483A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-14 山东大学 Flat miniature smoke detection sensor and working method thereof
CN114813484A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-07-29 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 Ultra-thin labyrinth structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4216377A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-08-05 Nittan Company, Limited Light scattering smoke detector
CN1517698A (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-08-04 海湾安全技术股份有限公司 Vertical bidirection scattering type photoelectric smoke detector
CN104408864A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-11 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 Air-suction-type plane cargo compartment fire disaster detector with dehumidifying and dedusting functions
WO2019202222A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Shokly Optical smoke detector with scattered radiation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4216377A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-08-05 Nittan Company, Limited Light scattering smoke detector
CN1517698A (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-08-04 海湾安全技术股份有限公司 Vertical bidirection scattering type photoelectric smoke detector
CN104408864A (en) * 2014-11-27 2015-03-11 中国科学技术大学先进技术研究院 Air-suction-type plane cargo compartment fire disaster detector with dehumidifying and dedusting functions
WO2019202222A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2019-10-24 Shokly Optical smoke detector with scattered radiation

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《宝钢环保技术(续编)》编委会: "《宝钢环保技术 续编 第9分册 宝钢单项技改工程环保技术》", 28 February 2003 *
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112798483A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-14 山东大学 Flat miniature smoke detection sensor and working method thereof
CN114813484A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-07-29 福建好神奇电子科技有限公司 Ultra-thin labyrinth structure

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