CN110940256A - Switch rail abrasion detection tool and use method - Google Patents
Switch rail abrasion detection tool and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110940256A CN110940256A CN201911321952.2A CN201911321952A CN110940256A CN 110940256 A CN110940256 A CN 110940256A CN 201911321952 A CN201911321952 A CN 201911321952A CN 110940256 A CN110940256 A CN 110940256A
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- rail
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- detection tool
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a switch rail abrasion detection tool and a using method thereof, and the switch rail abrasion detection tool comprises a connecting block (1), a bulge (2) and a detection part (3), wherein the connecting block (1), the bulge (2) and the detection part (3) are all plate-shaped, the end part of one side of the connecting block (1) is provided with the convex detection part (3), and the middle part of one side of the connecting block (1) provided with the detection part (3) is provided with the bulge (2); detection portion (3) include detection portion body (31) and hazardous area sign (32), and detection portion body (31) connection connecting block (1), and hazardous area sign (32) set up on detection portion body (31) one side face, and hazardous area sign (32) include a pair of crossing sign line segment (321) of tip that is used for marking out the hazardous area scope. The method can be effectively used for evaluating the influence of the wear of the switch rail on the driving safety, further more scientifically evaluating the wear degree of the switch rail and supplementing the wear standard specified in the existing specification.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of railway equipment, in particular to a detection tool for a switch rail.
Background
The turnout is key railway equipment for realizing steering or crossing of rolling stock, and has a complex structure and numerous components. In the operation process of a high-speed turnout, the problem of switch rail abrasion in a switch point area is particularly common, abrasion can cause the change of the rail head profile and the relative position of a switch rail basic rail, the wheel rail contact state and the wheel load transition condition when a train passes a switch can be directly influenced, and further the safety and the stability of train operation can be seriously influenced. In addition, the problems of vibration impact, plastic deformation, stripping and falling blocks and the like caused by poor contact can also seriously reduce the service life of the wheel and the turnout steel rail piece. The problem of wear is a major cause of the point rail running down the track. Point wear causes a change in the profile and thus a change in the point reduction, especially in the front tip width section of the point where wear has developed to a certain extent, which can be a risk of derailment of a high speed train.
At present, there is no clear systematic knowledge about the development law of the switch blade wear of the high-speed railway, the regulations on the limit value of the switch blade wear in the high-speed railway ballastless track maintenance rule and the high-speed railway ballasted track maintenance rule are too rough and lack of operability, the function of controlling the derailment risk possibly caused by the switch blade wear cannot be achieved, and the maintenance is not executed according to the standard limit value under most conditions in actual maintenance.
Therefore, in order to solve the gap of the research on the derailment risk problem possibly caused by the wear of the switch blade, a detection tool needs to be provided to detect and judge whether the worn switch blade brings the derailment risk, so as to evaluate the wear degree of the switch blade more scientifically.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a switch rail abrasion detection tool, which aims to solve the problems that at present, no system clear knowledge is available for the rail abrasion rule of a high-speed turnout area, and no tool or method for detecting the influence of switch rail abrasion on traffic safety is available.
The invention provides a switch rail abrasion detection tool, which comprises a connecting block, a bulge and a detection part, wherein the connecting block, the bulge and the detection part are all plate-shaped, the end part of one side of the connecting block is provided with a convex detection part, and the bulge is arranged in the middle of the connecting block and arranged on the same side face with the detection part; the detection part comprises a detection part body and a dangerous area mark, the detection part body is connected with the connecting block, the dangerous area mark is arranged on a plate surface on one side of the detection part body, and the dangerous area mark comprises a pair of mark line segments used for marking the intersection of the end parts of the range of the dangerous area.
The invention relates to a switch rail abrasion detection tool, which is a preferred mode, the outline of the surface of a detection part body is a cyclotomic circle, a dangerous area marks the intersection of two marking line segments and the cyclotomic circle is concentric, and the free end endpoints of the two marking line segments are respectively arranged on the circumference of the cyclotomic circle.
As an optimal mode, the dangerous area mark also comprises a dangerous area scale mark used for reading the angle of the switch rail, and the dangerous area scale mark is arranged between the mark coils and is close to the circumference of the circle.
As an optimal mode, the included angle of the two marking line segments is 43.6 degrees.
Wear on the point rail of a high-speed turnout can cause the profile to change, and further cause the reduction value of the point rail to change, and particularly when the wear develops to a certain degree in a section with a small top width at the front end of the point rail, a high-speed train can have the risk of derailment. The contact angle of the wheel and the rail is gamma, the transverse force providing the guiding action is Q, the vertical force providing the restoring action is P, and the friction coefficient of the contact surface of the wheel and the rail is mu, so that the condition that the wheel pair does not derail at the contact position (the restoring force is not less than the sum of the friction force and the guiding force) is ensured to be shown in a formula (1).
The formula (1) is subjected to deformation finishing to obtain:
from the formula (2), the wheel-rail contact angle limit value γcCoefficient of friction mu and coefficient of derailment
Is increased.
When the wheel rail is contacted, the material in the contact spot will generate micro-deformation, if the included angle of the tangent line of the rail surface at the contact position is gammaRThe included angle of the tangent line of the rim surface is gammaWThen actually connectThe antenna gamma is always at gammaRAnd gammaWIn general, the rail track pitch angle position has a smaller radius of curvature than the wheel, and therefore γR＞γWControlling the included angle gamma of the tangent line of the rim at the contact positionWThe lower limit value of (2) can control the safety of the train passing through the turnout.
When the wheel passes through the tip of the switch rail, if the switch rail is increased in reduced value due to abrasion, once the wheel pair is attached to the switch rail to drive, the top of the wheel rim is easily contacted with the top of the switch rail, and at the moment, the included angle of the tangent line of the top of the wheel rim is very small, so that the condition of the formula (2) cannot be met, and derailment is easily caused. Included angle gamma of rim tangent lineWLess than the limit value gamma of formula (2)cThe area of (a) is a dangerous area, which should not contact the rail.
The dangerous area is determined according to the friction coefficient and the derailment coefficient, the larger the friction coefficient and the derailment coefficient is, the larger the lower limit value of the included angle of the rim tangent line is, and the larger the range of the dangerous area is. Under extreme conditions, when the derailment coefficient reaches the limit value of 0.8 and the friction coefficient reaches the limit value of 0.6, the lower limit value of the included angle of the tangent lines of the wheel rim obtained by calculation reaches 70 degrees, and under the condition, the wheel rim of the vehicle wheel can not be contacted with the switch rail completely, and the contact risks derailment. However, according to the existing test data, the derailment coefficient is not very large when the real vehicle runs, the calculation is too strict according to the derailment coefficient of 0.8, and the derailment coefficient does not exceed 0.4 in a normal state; in addition, the dry friction exists between the wheel rails in China, and the friction coefficient is generally not more than 0.4; under the condition, the lower limit value of the included angle of the tangent line of the wheel rim can be calculated to be 43.6 degrees, namely, the region with the included angle of the tangent line smaller than 43.6 degrees on the wheel rim is a dangerous region.
According to the switch rail abrasion detection tool, as a preferred mode, the protrusions are triangular protrusions.
As a preferred mode, the height of the protrusion of the switch rail abrasion detection tool is 2 mm.
When the actual wheel rim contacts the steel rail gauge angle, the wheel tread can lift off the surface of the steel rail, so the influence of the wheel lifting is also considered, the most adverse consideration is biased, and the lifting amount is 2 mm.
According to the switch rail abrasion detection tool, as a preferable mode, a smooth round chamfer is arranged at the joint of the connecting block and the detection part.
The invention provides a use method of a switch rail abrasion detection tool, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of different section positions for detection according to the lengths of switch rails in a switch area;
s2, placing the switch rail abrasion detection tool above the switch rail and the stock rail in a close contact state;
s3, enabling the plate-shaped surface of the switch rail abrasion detection tool to be perpendicular to the running direction of the steel rail, and meanwhile ensuring that the triangular protrusion is in contact with the top surfaces of the switch rail and the stock rail;
s4, moving the switch rail abrasion detection tool back and forth along the steel rail traveling direction;
s5, moving and recording, detecting whether the switch rail can be contacted with the dangerous area mark, and if the switch rail is contacted with the dangerous area mark, the switch rail is in derail risk and needs to be replaced for a next track; if the contact is not made, the switch rail abrasion degree of the testing position can not cause derailment risk;
s6, judging whether all the selected sections are detected or not, if so, selecting a plurality of different section position detection results according to the length of the switch rail in the switch point area, and comprehensively judging the overall abrasion degree of the switch rail; if not, repeating S2-S5 to detect the selected section which is not detected.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the detection tool can be effectively used for evaluating the influence of the switch rail abrasion on the driving safety, further more scientifically evaluating the switch rail abrasion degree, and can be used as a supplement to the abrasion standard specified in the existing specification;
(2) the detection tool is simple to operate on site and high in practicability;
(3) the influence of wheel lifting is considered to the detection instrument, and is biased to the most unfavorable consideration, does benefit to accurate judgement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a point rail wear detection tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a detecting portion of a point rail wear detecting tool;
FIG. 3 is a point rail wear detection tool hazardous area identification;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for using the point rail wear detection tool.
Reference numerals:
1. connecting blocks; 2. a protrusion; 3. a detection unit; 31. a detection part body; 32. a hazardous area identification; 321. identifying a line segment; 322. hazardous area graduation marks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a switch rail wear detection tool comprises a connecting block 1, a protrusion 2 and a detection part 3, wherein the connecting block 1, the protrusion 2 and the detection part 3 are plate-shaped, the detection part 3 protruding outwards is arranged at the end part of one side of the connecting block 1, and the protrusion 2 is arranged in the middle of the connecting block 1 and is arranged on the same side face with the detection part.
As shown in fig. 2, the detecting part 3 includes a detecting part body 31 and a danger area indicator 32, the detecting part body 31 is connected to the connecting block 1, and the danger area indicator 32 is disposed on a side plate surface of the detecting part body 31.
As shown in fig. 3, the danger zone indicator 32 includes a pair of indicator line segments 321 intersecting at the ends for marking the range of the danger zone and a danger zone graduation line 322 disposed between the indicator coils at a position close to the circumference of the circle for reading the angle of the point rail.
The outline of the surface of the detection part body 31 is a partial circle, the intersection point of the two identification line segments 321 of the danger area identification 32 is concentric with the partial circle, and the end points of the free ends of the two identification line segments 321 are respectively arranged on the circumference of the partial circle.
The two marker line segments 321 make an angle of 43.6 °. The bulge 2 is a triangular bulge, and the height of the bulge 2 is 2 mm.
A smooth round chamfer is arranged at the joint of the connecting block 1 and the detection part 3.
As shown in fig. 4, a method for using a point rail wear detection tool includes the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of different section positions for detection according to the lengths of switch rails in a switch area;
s2, placing the switch rail abrasion detection tool above the switch rail and the stock rail in a close contact state;
s3, the plate-shaped surface of the switch rail abrasion detection tool is vertical to the running direction of the steel rail, and meanwhile, the triangular protrusion 2 is ensured to be in contact with the switch rail and the top surface of the stock rail;
s4, moving the switch rail abrasion detection tool back and forth along the steel rail traveling direction;
s5, moving and recording, detecting whether the switch rail can be contacted with the dangerous area mark 32, and if the switch rail is contacted with the dangerous area mark, the switch rail is in derail risk and needs to be replaced for a next track; if the contact is not made, the switch rail abrasion degree of the testing position can not cause derailment risk;
s6, judging whether all the selected sections are detected or not, if so, selecting a plurality of different section position detection results according to the length of the switch rail in the switch point area, and comprehensively judging the overall abrasion degree of the switch rail; if not, repeating S2-S5 to detect the selected section which is not detected.
The basic shape of the detection tool is designed based on the wheel tread, the corresponding detection tool can be manufactured according to different wheel treads, the triangular protrusion in the middle of the tool is arranged at the position of a wheel nominal rolling circle in order to consider the influence of lifting of the wheel by 2mm, and the dangerous area of the wheel rim is coated with red color and marked with scales.
The wheel derailment mechanism and the actual test data are used for research and development, and the theoretical basis and the parameter selection are reliable. The testing of the profile of the Shangning intercity scrapped switch rail can be continued to be used (not according with the actual condition) based on the abrasion standard in the existing specification, and the method of the invention can judge that the abrasion of the switch rail can cause derailment risk and need to be replaced next track (according with the actual condition). The detection tool is small and portable and is simple and convenient to use.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A point rail wear detection tool, characterized by: the detection device comprises a connecting block (1), a protrusion (2) and a detection part (3), wherein the connecting block (1), the protrusion (2) and the detection part (3) are all plate-shaped, the detection part (3) protruding outwards is arranged at the end part of one side of the connecting block (1), and the protrusion (2) is arranged in the middle of the connecting block (1) and is arranged on the same side face with the detection part; the detection part (3) comprises a detection part body (31) and a danger zone mark (32), the detection part body (31) is connected with the connecting block (1), the danger zone mark (32) is arranged on one side of the detection part body (31), and the danger zone mark (32) comprises a pair of mark line segments (321) which are used for marking the intersection of the end parts of the danger zone range.
2. The point rail wear detection tool of claim 1, wherein: the outline of the surface of the detection part body (31) is a partial circle, the intersection point of the two identification line segments (321) of the danger area identification (32) is concentric with the partial circle, and the free end points of the two identification line segments (321) are respectively arranged on the circumference of the partial circle.
3. The point rail wear detection tool of claim 2, wherein: the danger zone identification (32) further comprises danger zone graduation lines (322) used for reading a point rail angle, and the danger zone graduation lines (322) are arranged between the identification coils and are close to the circle dividing circumferential position.
4. The point rail wear detection tool of claim 3, wherein: the included angle of the two marking line segments (321) is 43.6 degrees.
5. The point rail wear detection tool of claim 1, wherein: the bulges (2) are triangular bulges.
6. The point rail wear detection tool of claim 5, wherein: the height of the bulge (2) is 2 mm.
7. A point rail wear detection tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a smooth round chamfer is arranged at the joint of the connecting block (1) and the detection part (3).
8. A method of using the point wear detection tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of different section positions for detection according to the lengths of switch rails in a switch area;
s2, placing the switch rail abrasion detection tool above the switch rail and the stock rail in a close contact state;
s3, the plate-shaped surface of the switch rail abrasion detection tool is perpendicular to the running direction of the steel rail, and meanwhile, the triangular protrusions (2) are ensured to be in contact with the switch rail and the top surface of the stock rail;
s4, the switch rail abrasion detection tool moves back and forth along the running direction of the steel rail;
s5, moving and recording, detecting whether the switch rail can be contacted with a dangerous area mark (32), if so, the switch rail has derail risk and needs to be replaced for a next track; if the contact is not made, the switch rail abrasion degree of the testing position can not cause derailment risk;
s6, judging whether all the selected sections are detected or not, if so, selecting a plurality of different section position detection results according to the length of the switch rail in the switch point area, and comprehensively judging the overall abrasion degree of the switch rail; if not, repeating S2-S5 to detect the selected section which is not detected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911321952.2A CN110940256A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Switch rail abrasion detection tool and use method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911321952.2A CN110940256A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Switch rail abrasion detection tool and use method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110940256A true CN110940256A (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| CN201911321952.2A Pending CN110940256A (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2019-12-20 | Switch rail abrasion detection tool and use method |
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| CN (1) | CN110940256A (en) |
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