CN110939680B

CN110939680B - Damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of shafting

Info

Publication number: CN110939680B
Application number: CN201911269811.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何立东; 范文强; 闫伟; 路凯华; 李耕
Original assignee: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Current assignee: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-11
Filing date: 2019-12-11
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-11
Also published as: CN110939680A

Abstract

The invention discloses a damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting, which mainly comprises a damper main body and a bearing seat. The device drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the stepping motor, the thrust disc is arranged on the rotating shaft, axial vibration in the rotating shaft can be transmitted to the damper main body through the thrust disc, hydraulic oil in a gap on the damper main body is subjected to an extrusion effect and forms an oil film damping effect, and therefore the axial vibration of the rotating shaft is reduced or weakened, and the device belongs to the technical field of vibration control. Two sets of damper assemblies are arranged on the left and right of the thrust disc and are respectively used for transmitting and absorbing vibration in the left direction and the right direction. The device can be widely applied to the field of machinery with axial vibration and has the advantages of excellent vibration reduction effect, compact structure, small required installation space and the like.

Description

Damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of shafting

Technical Field

The invention mainly relates to an axial vibration and noise reduction damping device of a rotary machine, which is mainly used for solving the axial vibration problem of the rotary machine in the industries of ships, chemical engineering, electric power and the like, and belongs to the field of vibration control.

Background

In a rotating machine which generates axial force during operation, axial thrust is generally received or transmitted by a thrust bearing, but when the axial force is unstable, axial vibration is often caused. The problem of axial vibration exists in rotating machinery in the industries of ships, chemical engineering, electric power and the like, for example, a propulsion shafting of a ship, and the axial vibration is an important factor influencing the concealment of the ship.

At present, the following axial vibration control methods are mainly used for the rotary mechanical shafting: the patent (CN 102937146A) transmits the axial vibration of a propulsion shafting to a piston, so that the piston moves in a piston cavity, and the piston cavity is filled with hydraulic oil, so that the vibration can be absorbed; the magnetic variable stiffness characteristic of the magnetorheological elastomer is utilized to automatically track the external excitation frequency, a certain vibration absorption effect can be achieved, and a patent is applied (CN 107191529A), but the magnetic conductivity of the magnetorheological elastomer is relatively low, and the working performance under a complex environment is not stable enough.

The problem that the axial support rigidity of the propulsion shafting is too large or too small can occur in the above measures, and the axial vibration of the shafting cannot be absorbed due to the too large rigidity; if the rigidity is too low, the axial thrust cannot be transmitted. The invention can flexibly adjust the stiffness coefficient and the damping coefficient of the propulsion shafting according to the design requirement so as to achieve good effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting, which can effectively inhibit axial vibration in rotating machinery in the industries of ships, chemical engineering, electric power and the like and reduce vibration sound radiation, thereby achieving the purposes of vibration and noise reduction.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is a damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting, and the damping device mainly comprises a damper main body and a bearing seat. Wherein the damper main body is matched with the thrust ball bearing and the thrust disc for use. The thrust disc is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the left side and the right side of the thrust disc are respectively provided with a group of damping devices which can be used for inhibiting the vibration in the left direction and the right direction. One side of the damper main body is fixed in the bearing seat, and the other side end face of the damper main body is matched with the thrust ball bearing. The S-shaped elastic body is arranged on the circumference of the damper main body, and when the damper main body is subjected to axial thrust, the S-shaped elastic body can generate axial deformation and squeeze an oil film in a circumferential gap of the damper main body. And a sealing structure is arranged in the bearing seat, so that a closed cavity is formed when the bearing seat is matched with the damper main body for use.

The rotating shaft is subjected to the action of axial impact force in the rotating process, so that axial vibration can be generated, and the vibration is transmitted to the damper main body through the thrust disc and the thrust ball bearing. Because the damper main body is internally provided with the elastic body with lower rigidity, the elastic body can generate axial deformation under the action of axial vibration force, and the oil film in the circumferential gap of the damper main body is extruded to form an oil film damping effect, so that damping force is provided for the rotating shaft, and the aim of inhibiting the axial vibration of the rotating shaft is fulfilled.

And an oil filling hole is formed in the end face of the damper main body, hydraulic oil can be injected into a gap of the damper main body through the oil filling hole, and an oil film with certain pressure is formed.

And the end surface of the damper main body is also provided with a threaded hole, and the damper main body and the bearing seat can be fixed together by using a screw at the threaded hole.

And the bearing seat is provided with an oil inlet connector and an oil outlet connector.

The invention has the technical effects that:

the invention relates to a damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting. The device drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the stepping motor, the thrust disc is arranged on the rotating shaft, axial vibration on the rotating shaft can be transmitted to the damper main body through the thrust disc, hydraulic oil in a gap in the damper main body is squeezed to form an oil film damping effect, and therefore the axial vibration of the rotating shaft is reduced or weakened. Two sets of damper assemblies are arranged on the left and right of the thrust disc and are respectively used for transmitting and absorbing vibration in the left direction and the right direction. The device can be widely applied to the field of machinery with axial vibration and has the advantages of excellent vibration reduction effect, compact structure, small required installation space and the like. The S-shaped structure mainly has the function of providing certain rigidity, hydraulic oil can be filled in the S-shaped gap, and an oil film damping effect is formed under the axial thrust. The S-shaped spring is similar to a spring and can deform under the action of thrust to extrude an oil film in a gap.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the damper body of fig. 1.

Figure 3 is a left side view of the damper body of figure 2.

In the figure: 1. the damper comprises a stepping motor, 2, an elastic coupling, 3, a rotating shaft, 4, a bearing seat, 5, a damper main body, 6, a thrust ball bearing, 7, a thrust disc, 8, an oil inlet connecting nozzle, 9, a screw 10 and an oil outlet connecting nozzle;

201. gap 202, elastic body 301, threaded hole 302 and oil filling hole.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic structure of an embodiment of a damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting according to the present invention, including: the oil-gas separating device comprises a stepping motor 1, an elastic coupling 2, a rotating shaft 3, a bearing seat 4, a damper main body 5, a thrust ball bearing 6, a thrust disc 7, an oil inlet connector 8, a screw 9 and an oil outlet connector 10. The motor 1 is connected with the rotating shaft 3 through the elastic coupling 2, the rotating shaft 3 and the thrust disc 7 are driven to rotate together, the rotating shaft 3 generates axial vibration in the rotating process, the axial vibration is transmitted to the damper main body 5 through the thrust disc 7 and the thrust ball bearing 6, and the damper main body 5 can form an oil film damping effect after being subjected to the extrusion action, so that the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved.

The rotating shaft 3 penetrates through the damper main body 5, the bearing seat 4 and the thrust disc 7 and is fixed with the thrust disc 7, and the rotating shaft 3 and the thrust disc 7 can rotate together in the use process. The damper main body 5 is fixedly connected with the bearing seat 4 through a screw 9, and a sealing structure is arranged in the bearing seat 4, so that a closed cavity is formed when the damper main body 5 and the bearing seat 4 are installed in a matched mode.

The rotating shaft 3 can generate axial vibration in left and right directions due to the action of axial impact force in the rotating process. Because the left and right sides of the thrust disc 7 are respectively provided with a group of damping devices, the damping device can be used for inhibiting the vibration in the left and right directions. The axial vibration of the rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to the damper main body 5 through the thrust disc 7 and the thrust ball bearing 6, and the damper main body 5 is provided with the elastic body 202, so that the rigidity is low, the elastic body is deformed under the action of the axial vibration force, and an oil film in a circumferential gap 201 of the damper main body 5 is squeezed, so that an oil film damping effect is formed, and the purpose of inhibiting the axial vibration of the rotating shaft 3 is realized.

In the using process of the hydraulic damper, hydraulic oil is injected into the bearing seat 4 through the oil inlet connector 8 by an oil pump and is injected into the gap 201 of the damper main body 5 through the oil injection hole 302 of the damper main body 5, so that hydraulic oil with certain pressure is provided for the gap 201 of the damper main body 5. After flowing through the gap 201, the hydraulic oil flows out from the oil outlet nozzle 10 on the bearing block 4 and returns to the oil pump, so that a complete circulating oil path is formed, and continuous and stable hydraulic oil is provided for the whole damping device. Meanwhile, the bearing seat 4 and the damper main body 5 form a closed cavity in the matching installation process, so that the hydraulic oil in the cavity cannot leak. When the vibration generated by the rotating shaft 3 is transmitted to the damper main body 5 and causes the damper main body to generate axial deformation, the hydraulic oil in the gap 201 is squeezed to generate an oil film damping effect, so that a certain damping force is provided for the rotating shaft 3, and the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction are achieved.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the damper main body 5 in fig. 1, the damper main body 5 is a cylindrical structure and has a hollow cavity structure inside, and a gap 201 and an elastic body 202 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the damper main body 5. The slits 201 penetrate through the damper main body 5 along the radial direction, are uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction of the damper main body 5, and can be used for storing hydraulic oil to form an oil film damping effect. The elastic body 202 is formed by two layers of 'S' slits which are nested and not communicated with each other, and is uniformly and symmetrically distributed along the circumferential direction of the damper main body 5, so as to provide a certain rigidity for the damper main body 5. The structural parameters of the gap 201 and the elastic body 202 affect the rigidity and the damping of the damper main body 5, and the parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the design requirements to achieve good effects. A screw hole 301 and an oil hole 302 (see fig. 3) are provided on one side end surface of the damper main body 5, the damper main body 5 and the bearing housing 4 can be fixed by using a screw 9 at the screw hole 301, and the oil hole 302 is used for supplying oil to the gap 201. The other side end surface of the damper main body 5 is matched with the thrust ball bearing 6 for transmitting axial vibration.

The core of the invention is a vibration and noise reduction system consisting of a damper main body 5 and a bearing seat 4, and the structural parameters of the damper main body 5 are changed to obtain proper rigidity coefficient and damping coefficient, thereby realizing the purposes of vibration and noise reduction. The scope of protection is not limited to the embodiments described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the scope thereof, such as: the number of layers of the S-shaped slits on the damper body 5 may be two or other layers, the number of the S-shaped slits on one circumference may be six or eight and arranged uniformly, and the like.

Claims

1. A damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting comprises a damper main body and a bearing seat; the damper main body is matched with a thrust ball bearing and a thrust disc for use; the thrust disc is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the left side and the right side of the thrust disc are respectively provided with a group of damping devices for inhibiting the vibration in the left direction and the right direction; the method is characterized in that: one side of the damper main body is fixed in the bearing seat, and the end surface of the other side of the damper main body is matched with the thrust ball bearing; the S-shaped elastic body is arranged in the circumferential direction of the damper main body, and when the damper main body is subjected to axial thrust, the S-shaped elastic body generates axial deformation and extrudes an oil film in a circumferential gap of the damper main body; the bearing seat is internally provided with a sealing structure, so that a closed cavity is formed when the bearing seat is matched with the damper main body for use; the S-shaped elastic body provides rigidity, a gap of the S-shaped elastic body can be filled with hydraulic oil, an oil film damping effect is formed under the axial thrust, and the S-shaped elastic body deforms under the thrust action to extrude an oil film in the gap;

the rotating shaft is subjected to the action of axial impact force in the rotating process to generate axial vibration, and the axial vibration is transmitted to the damper main body through the thrust disc and the thrust ball bearing; because the damper main body is internally provided with the elastomer with low rigidity, the elastomer can generate axial deformation under the action of axial vibration force, and an oil film in a circumferential gap of the damper main body is extruded to form an oil film damping effect so as to provide damping force for the rotating shaft and further inhibit the axial vibration of the rotating shaft;

and an oil filling hole is formed in the end face of the damper main body, and hydraulic oil is filled into a gap of the damper main body through the oil filling hole to form a pressure oil film.

2. The damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting according to claim 1, wherein: and a threaded hole is formed in the end face of the damper main body, and the damper main body and the bearing seat are fixed together by using a screw.

3. The damping device for axial vibration and noise reduction of a shafting according to claim 1, wherein: and the bearing seat is provided with an oil inlet connector and an oil outlet connector.