CN110939243A

CN110939243A - Special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment, method and wall material structure

Info

Publication number: CN110939243A
Application number: CN201910983375.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕祯辉
Original assignee: Guangzhou Dajin Health Building Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangzhou Dajin Health Building Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-16
Filing date: 2019-10-16
Publication date: 2020-03-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor visual and audio environment adjustment, which is a paste prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of light sintered ceramic sand; 15-35 parts of diatomite; 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate; 2-12 parts of sepiolite; 10-30 parts of quartz sand; 5-12 parts of an auxiliary agent; mineral pigment 0.01-0.5; 100 portions of water and 150 portions of water; after the coating is constructed and dried, a specific reflecting surface or an acting surface is formed on a wall body. The invention also provides an indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method and a wall material structure. The invention mainly adopts a specific component formula and a surface treatment process to form a specific wall material reflecting surface or acting surface for indoor acousto-optic regulation; through one-time design, construction and test, the regulation of environmental factors such as indoor sound, light, temperature and humidity can be realized; the coating is healthy, environment-friendly, pollution-free, simple and convenient in construction process, flexible in design, low in cost and easy to use in a large area.

Description

Special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment, method and wall material structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of indoor environment-friendly functional materials, in particular to a ceramic sand diatomite coating special for indoor visual and audio environment adjustment, a method and a wall material structure.

Background

With the acceleration of urbanization, urban noise and light pollution have long become a public nuisance in urban environments. In addition, with the continuous improvement of living standard of people, people put forward higher and higher requirements for living environment. How to create more comfortable indoor life and audio-visual environment for people has become one of the hot points of concern in the fields of engineering construction and environment-friendly building materials.

In the prior art, in order to obtain good indoor audio-visual effect, besides good audio-visual playing equipment, a good audio-visual environment is also needed, and if the acoustic and optical conditions of a living room and a room are poor, the good and expensive equipment is not complemented, so that the indoor audio-visual environment needs to be modified.

At present, the indoor space which needs special acoustic and optical treatment is more and more common, including movie theaters, music halls, museums, exhibition halls, libraries, auditoria, galleries, auction halls, gymnasiums, report halls, multi-functional halls, hotel lobbies, hospitals, shopping malls, schools, musical instrument rooms, conference rooms, studios, recording rooms, KTV rooms, bars, industrial plants, machine rooms, home audiovisual rooms (video and audio rooms), and the like. These place that require higher and high-grade fitment to acoustic environment, optical environment all need carry out special reconnaissance, design and construction at present to and use and inhale special components such as sound decorative board, sound cotton of inhaling, but its design, construction requirement are complicated, and are with high costs, are unfavorable for using widely by a large scale, cause fire control safety, indoor air pollution and breed bacterium bugs scheduling problem moreover easily.

For indoor acoustic treatment, theoretically, although any material can absorb and reflect sound, the degree of absorption and reflection varies greatly. The sound absorption coefficient is the percentage of energy absorbed when sound waves are incident on and reflected from the surface of an object, and is represented by a (a is 0.0 to 1.0). The sound absorption capacity of a material is generally expressed by the arithmetic mean (average sound absorption number) of sound absorption coefficients at six octave center frequencies of 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 HZ. Materials having an average sound absorption coefficient greater than 0.2 for the conventional six frequencies are generally listed as sound absorbing materials. Sound originates from the vibration of an object, which causes the vibration of the adjacent air to form sound waves, which propagate in the air medium all around. When sound is transmitted to the surface of the member material, a portion of the sound energy is reflected, a portion penetrates the material, and a portion of the sound energy is converted to heat energy by friction with the surrounding medium due to vibration of the member material or the sound propagating therein, and the sound energy is lost, i.e., the sound is absorbed by the material. Therefore, the sound absorption material is mostly loose and porous material, the sound absorption mechanism is that sound waves go deep into the pores of the material, the pores are mostly open pores with mutually communicated inner parts, and the sound absorption material is subjected to air molecule friction and viscous resistance and makes fine fibers perform mechanical vibration, so that sound energy is converted into heat energy. The improvement of the indoor sound field needs to consider not only the sound absorption effect but also the sound reflection and scattering so as to achieve the effect of the indoor sound field with clear sound and accurate positioning.

In the prior art, people often pay attention to processing and improving acoustic environments in places such as movie theaters, home video rooms, concert halls, studios, high-end houses and the like, and neglect comprehensive processing and improving of optical, temperature, humidity and other factors influencing audio and video effects and human body feeling. When the aspects are respectively treated and improved, the measurement, analysis, design, construction and acceptance are usually required to be respectively carried out, and different devices, materials, components and constructors are usually required to be used and construction is carried out for multiple times, so that the complexity of the measurement, the materials, the devices, the design and the construction is greatly increased, the cost is high, and the large-area popularization and application are not facilitated.

The diatomite wall material in the prior art, as disclosed in chinese patent 201110216947.2, is made of diatomite: 20-40%, shell powder: 20-48% of diatomite ceramic sand: 10-25% of walnut shell particles: 5-10%, zeolite powder: 10-25%, bentonite: 1-8% and bamboo powder: 1-5%, seaweed gel: 0.5-3%, cellulose ether: 0.1-0.4 percent, wherein the particle size of the diatomite ceramic sand is less than 0.5mm, the invention can greatly improve the heat preservation, heat insulation, moisture-proof and fire-proof effects of the diatomite wall material, and achieve the effects of no volatilization, zero emission, zero pollution, meeting the requirements of circular economy, low carbon and environmental protection. It does not take into account and has an indoor acoustic, optical conditioning effect.

In the prior art, the basic requirements of indoor audio-visual spaces such as home theaters and movie theaters on the environment are 'black, empty and still'. The term "empty" means that other parts except necessary articles and seats are not placed in the room as much as possible, so that the clear space of the room can be enlarged under the condition of limited room volume, a large sound field can be created conveniently, and the sight of an observer can not be disturbed. "quiet" means that the invasion of various outdoor sounds or noises is isolated as much as possible, and meanwhile, irrelevant sounds cannot occur indoors, so as to avoid interfering the playback effect and ensure that the viewers enjoy the movies with full attention. The "null" and "quiet" are primarily for listening environments, while the "black" is for lighting environments. The dark environment is advantageous for reproducing the detail and vivid color of the image in low brightness conditions. If the indoor environment is too bright, the brightness and color saturation of the colors have to be adjusted greatly, which has a certain influence on the definition and contrast of the projected image, and the image loses the layering sense and expressive force. Therefore, the indoor lighting must also be designed and adjusted properly.

The existing indoor audio-visual environment adjusting construction needs to be designed, constructed and tested for many times to achieve the required environment adjusting effect, and the existing audio-visual environment adjusting construction also has the problem of indoor environment pollution caused by the fact that products such as soft packages, foams and organic coatings are adopted in a large amount.

For audiences, the temperature and the humidity of the indoor audio-visual environment are also important aspects influencing the experience effect, and the more concentrated and better audio-visual experience can be obtained under the relatively comfortable environment. However, in the prior art, these are all regulated independently and lack effective integration.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a special pottery sand diatomite coating with high integration and low cost for indoor audio-visual environment regulation, a method and a wall material structure aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The invention is characterized in that the ceramic sand diatomite coating is arranged on the inner side surface of the wall body, the special ceramic sand diatomite coating and the specific wall material structure and surface texture are adopted to form reflecting surfaces with different strength, positions and areas, so that the comprehensive regulation of indoor sound, light, temperature and humidity environments is realized, the audio and video experience of audiences is greatly improved, and the problems of indoor environment pollution, high cost, poor synergistic effect and the like caused by the adoption of a plurality of materials, a plurality of designs and repeated construction, particularly a large amount of foam and other materials are simultaneously overcome.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that:

the special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor visual and audio environment adjustment is characterized by being a paste prepared from the following components in parts by weight:

10-40 parts of light sintered ceramic sand; 15-35 parts of diatomite; 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate; 2-12 parts of sepiolite; 10-30 parts of quartz sand; 5-12 parts of an auxiliary agent; mineral pigment 0.01-0.5; water: 100-150; the light sintered ceramic sand is through-hole ceramic particles sintered at high temperature, and comprises fine materials with the particle size of 1-2mm and coarse materials with the particle size of 2-4 mm; after construction and drying, the coating forms a specific reflecting surface or an acting surface on a wall body.

An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method adopting the special pottery sand diatomite coating is characterized by comprising the following acoustic adjusting steps:

(1) preparing special pottery sand diatomite coating with special performance, wherein through hole through type light sintered pottery sand with the grain diameter of 1-4mm is used as aggregate;

(2) measuring the spatial three-dimensional shape, structure and environmental noise level intensity of an indoor inner wall, and the layout of indoor sound equipment, and determining the local area and parameters for sound field performance adjustment;

(3) selecting corresponding special ceramic sand diatomite coating according to the local area and the parameters of the sound field performance adjustment, calculating the wall material structure, the overall thickness and the surface texture characteristic of the reflecting surface required to be constructed in each wall local area, and formulating a construction scheme;

(4) constructing according to the construction scheme, and drying to obtain wall material structure layers of the reflecting surfaces of the local areas of the wall;

(5) the reflecting surface of each wall body local area interacts with indoor and outdoor environmental factors to perform acoustic regulation, so that the preset absorption rate, reflectivity and scattering rate are obtained, and the effects of sound insulation, clear sound and accurate positioning of an indoor sound field are achieved.

The indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method of the special pottery sand diatomite coating is characterized by further comprising the following acoustic adjusting steps of simulating a sound field in a macro space:

(11) preparing special pottery sand diatomite coating with specific performance, and determining the specific content of light sintered pottery sand in the material by taking sound reflection, diffusion and absorption rate in a three-dimensional space to be obtained as standards;

(21) measuring the spatial three-dimensional shape of an indoor inner wall and the layout of indoor sound equipment, and determining a local area and parameters for sound field performance adjustment according to the spatial three-dimensional shape and the layout of the indoor sound equipment;²⁾

(31) selecting corresponding special ceramic sand diatomite coating according to the local area and parameters of the sound field performance adjustment, calculating the position, the size, the wall material structure, the overall thickness and the surface texture characteristic of the local reflecting surface of the wall body at the front, the rear, the left, the right and the upper parts of the auditorium, and formulating a construction scheme;

(41) constructing according to the construction scheme, and drying to obtain wall material structure layers of the reflecting surfaces of the local areas of the wall;

(51) the reflecting surfaces of the local areas of the wall bodies adjust the elements of the indoor sound field through the positions and the areas of the reflecting surfaces and the wall material structure layers to build a spatial stereo sound field, so that the preset absorption rate, the preset reflection rate and the preset scattering rate are obtained, and the reflecting surfaces jointly simulate the stereo sound field effect of a large and macroscopic space by controlling the absorption, the reflection and the scattering intensity, the positions and the reverberation delay of sound.

The indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method is characterized by further comprising the following optical adjusting steps:

(12) preparing a special pottery sand diatomite coating with specific performance, and determining the content of light sintered pottery sand in the material and the color temperature of mineral pigment by taking optical reflection, diffusion and absorption rate in a three-dimensional space to be obtained as standards;

(22) measuring the three-dimensional shape and structure of the indoor inner wall space, the color temperature and the illumination intensity of the environment, and the layout of indoor lighting and video display equipment, and determining the performance adjustment target parameters of a light field;

(32) adjusting target parameters according to the light field performance, selecting special ceramic sand diatomite coating corresponding to the parameters, calculating wall material structure, integral thickness and surface texture characteristics of the reflecting surface of each wall local area, and formulating a construction scheme;

(42) constructing according to the construction scheme, and drying to obtain wall material structure layers of the reflecting surfaces of the local areas of the wall;

(52) the wall material structure layer of the reflecting surface of each wall body local area interacts with indoor and outdoor environmental factors to perform optical adjustment, so that the preset absorption rate, reflectivity and scattering rate are obtained, and the shadow watching effect with clear color gradation and natural dynamic and static transition is achieved.

The indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method is characterized by further comprising the following temperature and humidity adjusting steps:

(23) measuring the three-dimensional shape and structure of the indoor inner wall space, the ambient temperature and humidity, and the layout of indoor temperature and humidity adjusting equipment, and determining performance adjusting target parameters of the temperature and the humidity according to the layout;

(33) adjusting target parameters according to the temperature and humidity performance, selecting special ceramic sand diatomite coating corresponding to the parameters, calculating wall material structure, overall thickness and surface texture characteristics of the acting surface of each wall local area, and formulating a construction scheme;

(43) constructing according to the construction scheme, and drying to obtain the action surface of each wall body local area;

(53) the wall material structure layer of the action surface of each wall body local area interacts with indoor temperature 35 and humidity adjusting equipment to adjust the temperature and the humidity, so that the indoor temperature is 18-25 ℃, and the humidity is 45-65% RH.

The indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method is characterized in that the performance adjusting target parameters comprise a reflecting surface or an acting surface wall material structure layer: adjusting the parameters of intensity grading, material composition, position, shape and area, structural layer thickness, surface texture and roughness and surface color and color temperature characteristics.

The adjusting intensity in the performance adjusting target parameter is divided into four stages of strong, medium, low and weak to design the reflecting surface or the acting surface of a local area, the material, the thickness and the surface texture characteristic of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the reflecting surface or the acting surface are different, and the change rule corresponding to the strength to the weak is as follows in sequence: the content of the light sintered pottery sand contained in the wall material structure layer is reduced in sequence, the thickness of the formed wall material is reduced in sequence, the surface concave-convex height and the roughness are reduced in sequence, and the color temperature of the surface color is reduced in sequence.

The wall material structure for implementing the indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method is characterized by comprising a substrate layer, a surface layer and a concave-convex texture, wherein the substrate layer is arranged on the inner side surface of the wall body, the surface layer is arranged on the substrate layer, and the concave-convex texture is arranged on the surface layer; the wall material structure layer respectively corresponds to different strength and other performance adjustment target parameters through material components, thicknesses and surface texture characteristics of a basal layer, a surface layer and concave-convex texture, and forms reflecting surfaces or action surfaces with different adjustment strengths on a set local area of the wall body.

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the stress-adjusting reflecting surface are as follows: the material of the wall material and the substrate layer comprises 18 to 30 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 2.5 to 3 mm; the surface layer material comprises 10-22 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 1.5-2 mm; the surface texture is in a three-dimensional tile pattern or brick pattern shape which is arranged in a staggered way, and the average relative height of the concave and convex is 0.5-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 400-800 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 6500K and 8500K.

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the middle adjusting reflecting surface are as follows: the wall material comprises 15-18 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material in the base layer material, and the average thickness of the base layer is 2-2.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 10-13 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 1-1.5 mm; the surface texture is in the shape of tree skin lines and water ripples which are arranged non-uniformly, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 200-400 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 5500-6500K.

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the low-adjustment reflecting surface are as follows: the material of the wall material and the substrate layer comprises 10 to 12 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5 to 2 mm; the surface layer material comprises 6-8 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.6-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 100-200 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 4500-5500K.

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the weak adjustment reflecting surface are as follows: the wall material comprises 6 to 8 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material in the base layer material, and the average thickness of the base layer is 1.2 to 1.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 2-4 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.6-1 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.4-0.8 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 50-100 (mu m); the color temperature of the surface color is 2500-.

Has the advantages that:

1. the special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor audio-visual environment regulation is characterized in that a specific component formula is adopted, so that a specific wall material reflecting surface or acting surface for indoor acousto-optic regulation is formed, and the regulation of indoor acousto-optic, light and temperature and humidity is realized; through one-time design, construction and test, the effects of fire prevention, safety, environmental protection, humidity regulation, heat preservation and heat insulation and good sound environment regulation can be achieved, and the problem of indoor environment pollution caused by the fact that a large amount of materials such as soft packages, foams and organic coatings and products are adopted in the existing audio-visual environment is solved; the coating has the advantages of simple and clean construction process, flexible design, low cost and easy large-area use.

2. The indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method provided by the invention realizes the adjustment of indoor sound, light and temperature and humidity by arranging the reflecting surface or the acting surface made of the special pottery sand diatomite coating on the inner side surface of the indoor wall, can achieve the comprehensive indoor environment element adjusting effect by one-time measurement, design and construction, and has the advantages of less used materials, less working procedures, low cost and easy large-area use.

3. The wall material structure of the special pottery sand diatomite coating achieves the aim of adjusting indoor acoustic and optical temperature and humidity by means of adjusting material components, structure layer thickness, position, area size, surface texture and the like.

4. The preparation material, the preparation method and the wall material structure provided by the invention have the advantages of high adjustment integration level, low cost, easiness in construction, reliable effect and easiness in large-area popularization and use.

5. The coating provided by the invention is healthy, environment-friendly, nontoxic, harmless, fireproof, heat-insulating and energy-saving, can be used in a large amount indoors, and effectively solves the problem of indoor air pollution.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pottery sand diatomite coating and a wall material specially used for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment, provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the surface layer and the texture of the wall material in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the surface layer and the texture of the wall material in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the surface layer and the texture of the wall material in example 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the surface layer and the texture of the wall material in example 4 of the present invention;

FIG. 6: the wall material structure acoustic performance comparison test chart provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Referring to the attached drawings 1-5, the indoor audio-visual environment adjusting special ceramic sand diatomite coating provided by the embodiment is a paste prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of light sintered ceramic sand; 15-35 parts of diatomite; 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate; 2-12 parts of sepiolite; 10-30 parts of quartz sand; 5-12 parts of an auxiliary agent; mineral pigment 0.01-0.5; water: 100-150; the light sintered ceramic sand is through-hole ceramic particles sintered at high temperature, and comprises a ceramic sand fine material 42 with the particle size of 1-2mm and a ceramic sand coarse material 41 with the particle size of 2-4 mm; after construction and drying, the coating forms a specific reflecting surface or an acting surface on a wall body.

An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method adopting the special pottery sand diatomite coating comprises the following acoustic adjusting steps:

(1) preparing special pottery sand diatomite coating with special performance, wherein through hole through type light sintered pottery sand with the grain diameter of 1-4mm is used as aggregate; the method specifically comprises a ceramic sand fine material and a ceramic sand coarse material;

In the method for adjusting the indoor audio-visual environment, the performance adjustment target parameters include the following structural layer of the wall material of the reflecting surface (or the acting surface): adjusting parameters such as intensity grading, material components, positions, shapes and areas, structural layer thickness, surface texture and roughness, surface color and color temperature characteristics, heat insulation, flame retardance, humidity regulation and the like.

The adjusting strength in the performance adjusting target parameter is divided into four stages of strong, medium, low and weak to design the reflecting surface (or acting surface) of a local area, the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the reflecting surface (or acting surface) are different, and the change rule corresponding to the strength from strong to weak is as follows in sequence: the content of the light sintered pottery sand contained in the wall material structure layer is reduced in sequence, the thickness of the formed wall material is reduced in sequence, the surface concave-convex height and the roughness are reduced in sequence, and the color temperature of the surface color is reduced in sequence.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the wall material structure for implementing the aforementioned method for adjusting an indoor audiovisual environment provided in this embodiment, the wall material structure layer includes a substrate layer 1, a surface layer 2 and a concave-convex texture 3, and each layer of material includes light sintered ceramic sand, specifically, ceramic sand coarse material (coarse sand) 41 and ceramic sand fine material (fine sand) 42; the basal layer 1 is arranged on the inner side surface of the wall body, the surface layer 2 is arranged on the basal layer 1, and the concave-convex texture 3 is arranged on the surface layer 2; the wall material structure layer respectively corresponds to different strength and other performance adjustment target parameters through material components, thicknesses and surface texture characteristics of the substrate layer 1, the surface layer 2 and the concave-convex texture 3, and forms reflecting surfaces or action surfaces with different adjustment strengths on a set local area of the wall body.

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the stress-adjusting reflection surface provided by the embodiment are as follows: the average thickness of the structural layer of the wall material is 3-5 mm; the material of the wall material base layer 1 comprises 18-30 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material 41, and the average thickness of the base layer 1 is 1.5-3 mm; the material of the surface layer 2 comprises 10 to 22 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials 42, and the average thickness of the surface layer 2 is 1.5 to 2 mm; the surface texture is in a three-dimensional tile pattern or brick pattern shape which is arranged in a staggered way, and the average relative height of the concave and convex is 0.5-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 400-800 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 6500K and 8500K.

In this embodiment, the specific components (parts by weight) of the pottery sand diatomite coating special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment are as follows: light sintered ceramic sand 40, wherein the ceramic sand coarse material is 18-30, and the ceramic sand fine material is 10-22; 20 of diatomite; 10 parts of calcium carbonate; sepiolite 10; 10 parts of quartz sand; an auxiliary agent 8; 0.5 of mineral pigment; water: 100. wherein the diatomite is first-grade diatomite calcined by 300-1500 meshes.

The through hole through type light sintered pottery sand is oval light sintered pottery sand with through holes penetrating front and back inside, so that the pottery sand keeps the permeability of pores, and after a layer of diatomite is coated outside the pottery sand, the pottery sand has good functions of sound adjustment, light adjustment, heat insulation and humidity adjustment on the whole.

The auxiliary agent comprises any one or a combination of more of seaweed gel, alginate, carrageenan, xanthan gum, organic bentonite, casein, potassium silicate, sodium silicate, polypropylene fiber, attapulgite powder, cellulose ether, glass fiber chopped strands, portland cement, aluminate cement, calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, bentonite, aluminum hydroxide gel and pottery clay. In each embodiment, the adjustment can be selected according to the adjustment requirement.

The mineral pigment is one or more of titanium dioxide, inorganic ferric oxide, ultramarine, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green and the like. In each embodiment, the adjustment can be selected according to the adjustment requirement.

Example 2:

the diatomite coating, the method and the wall material structure for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment provided by the embodiment are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the differences are as follows:

the indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method further comprises the following acoustic adjusting step of simulating a macro space sound field:

(21) measuring the spatial three-dimensional shape of an indoor inner wall and the layout of indoor sound equipment, and determining a local area and parameters for sound field performance adjustment according to the spatial three-dimensional shape and the layout of the indoor sound equipment;³⁾

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the middle adjusting reflecting surface are as follows: the average thickness of the wall material structure layer is 3-4mm, the part of the wall material substrate layer material containing light sintered ceramic sand coarse material is 15-18, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 2-2.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 10-13 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 1-1.5 mm; the surface texture is in the shape of tree skin lines and water ripples which are arranged non-uniformly, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 200-400 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 5500-6500K.

In this embodiment, the specific components (parts by weight) of the pottery sand diatomite coating special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment are as follows: diatomaceous earth 25; 12 parts of calcium carbonate; sepiolite 8; the light sintered pottery sand 28 comprises 15-18 parts of coarse materials and 10-13 parts of fine materials; 25 parts of quartz sand; an auxiliary agent 10; 0.3 of mineral pigment; water: 110.

example 3:

the diatomite coating, the method and the wall material structure special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment provided by the embodiment are basically the same as those of the embodiments 1 and 2, and the differences are as follows:

the indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method further comprises the following optical adjusting steps:

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the low-adjustment reflecting surface are as follows: the average thickness of the wall material structure layer is 2.7-3.2mm, the part of the wall material substrate layer material containing light sintered ceramic sand coarse material is 10-12, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5-2 mm; the surface layer material comprises 6-8 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.6-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 100-200 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 4500-5500K.

In this embodiment, the specific components (parts by weight) of the pottery sand diatomite coating special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment are as follows: light sintered pottery sand 18, wherein the coarse material is 10-12, the fine material is 6-8; 30 parts of diatomite; 15 parts of calcium carbonate; sepiolite 12; 30 parts of quartz sand; an auxiliary agent 12; 0.05 parts of mineral pigment; water: 130.

example 4:

the diatomite coating, the method and the wall material structure special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment provided by the embodiment are basically the same as those of the embodiments 1 to 3, and the differences are as follows:

the indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method further comprises the following temperature and humidity adjusting steps:

(43) after the construction is dried according to the construction scheme, the action surface of each wall body local area is obtained;

The material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the weak adjustment reflecting surface are as follows: the average thickness of the wall material structure layer is 1.8-2.5mm, the part of the wall material substrate layer material containing light sintered ceramic sand coarse material is 6-8, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 1.2-1.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 2-4 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.6-1 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.4-0.8 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 50-100 (mu m); the color temperature of the surface color is 2500-.

In this embodiment, the specific components (parts by weight) of the pottery sand diatomite coating special for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment are as follows: diatomaceous earth 35; calcium carbonate 8; sepiolite 2; light sintered pottery sand 10, wherein the coarse material is 6-8, and the fine material is 2-4; 10 parts of quartz sand; an auxiliary agent 5; 0.01 of mineral pigment; water: 150.

in each embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the diatom ooze formula, the lightweight sintered pottery sand with proper proportion and particle size is added to serve as wall material aggregate, so that the pores of the material coating can be adjusted, and the surface roughness of the coating can be adjusted; meanwhile, the concave-convex texture is formed;

the invention carries out the following acoustic treatment of sound through a plurality of reflecting surfaces arranged at a plurality of positions on the inner side surface of a wall body: performing acoustic adjustment such as shock absorption, sound insulation, sound absorption, reflection, diffusion, sound mixing and the like; the texture and the roughness of the wall material structure are controlled, and the sound frequency absorption and diffusion are well regulated.

The following illumination optical processing was performed: adjusting the regional distribution of light, the absorption, refraction, reflection and diffuse reflection of the light, the color, color temperature, illumination, contrast and the like of the light; the texture and the roughness of the surface of the wall material structure have good regulation effect on light absorption and diffusion;

the following humidity treatments were carried out: the water absorption capacity and the moisture permeability coefficient are adjusted, so that the indoor air is kept in a temperature and humidity range, the human sense is more comfortable, and meanwhile, the sound transmission is clearer and the light transmission is more transparent.

The following temperature treatments were carried out: adjusting the heat conductivity coefficient and the heat storage coefficient, and carrying out heat insulation and heat preservation treatment; the invention uses the light ceramic sand, increases the thermal resistance effect of the structural layer, reduces the heat transfer and achieves the effect of energy conservation.

Meanwhile, the wall material structure still needs to meet the mechanical strength standards of compressive strength, rupture strength, wear resistance and the like.

The composite material of diatom ooze and light pottery sand provided by the invention has the advantages that countless micropores with different scales can absorb and obstruct redundant sound waves, light waves, moisture and heat, and the effect of the composite material is more than 4 times that of cement mortar and stone slabs with the same thickness; through the color and texture structure, the utility model has the effects of decoration, beautification, sound absorption, noise reduction, and the like.

The material, the method and the structure provided by the invention form a corresponding reflecting surface (or an acting surface) in a local area of a wall body through synchronous improvement, thereby achieving various adjusting effects.

The invention can also use reflecting surfaces with different positions, sizes, thicknesses and surface textures to adjust the acoustic reflection, diffusion and absorption degrees, adjust the parameter control in the sound transmission process and achieve the excellent balance degree of sound, thereby creating a huge stereo space sound field in a practically limited space; for example, stronger scene feeling, space feeling and air feeling are created by controlling reverberation time, echo and delay effect.

The invention has convenient construction, can be constructed on the inner side surface of the whole indoor wall body, particularly arranges the reflecting surfaces on the front, the back, the left, the right and the upper wall bodies of audiences through a plurality of reflecting surfaces with different positions, angles and areas, comprehensively improves the acoustic diffusivity of the surface of the indoor wall body, improves the sound quality parameters such as sound fullness, definition, strength, spaciousness and the like, and obtains a good three-dimensional sound field with deep, broad and high proper proportion, so that the audiences feel surrounded by music and are the same as putting on the spot without being limited by the building space and layout of the building wall body.

In the aspect of optical adjustment, through setting up different planes of reflection, can carry out reasonable adjustment to current lighting system, make interior light and illumination level adapt to video expressive force. If a large-size projection screen is used, an environment which is completely or nearly completely black is created like a cinema, so that the contrast ratio of the cinema can be improved; if the liquid crystal television is used, dim environment light which is in moderate transition with a dark background needs to be provided to obtain the best color resolution, so that the appreciation effect of the home theater can be improved. Generally, light cannot be directly emitted to the picture of the video equipment, and the interference of external light is isolated.

The lighting devices for indoor audio-visual environments do not use a scattering mode but a projection mode, and the scattering of light should be absorbed as much as possible to avoid disturbing the attention of the viewers. For example, a different number of downlights may be provided around the periphery of the ceiling, and the types and colors of the downlights may be determined by the user. The wall sets up fancy wall lamp in the suitable position all around, and quantity can be selected between 1 to 2 according to the size in room, can establish a movable floor-lamp in corner or suitable position, can also establish 1 to 2 sets of fluorescent lamps in addition, both can adopt the wall lamp mode, also can imbed the furred ceiling. The fluorescent light can be emitted to the projection screen and the surrounding wall edge and to the wall behind.

The indoor acoustic environment has a great influence on an indoor sound field created by the multi-channel sound box, and rooms with different building space structures have different space acoustic characteristics. The multi-channel sound system uses a plurality of sound boxes to represent sound image positioning and create surround sound effect. According to the results of the prior studies, early reflected sound with late direct sound less than 1ms in a room can significantly interfere with direct sound, making the sound more turbid, and thus affecting sound localization. Early reflected sound between 1-30 ms interferes less with the direct sound, and together with the direct sound, it helps to enhance loudness, but may change the timbre of the direct sound. For reflected sounds after 30ms, the human ear usually thinks it is reverberant. Therefore, the invention needs to comprehensively consider the adopted materials, the texture structure, the position, the area and the like when designing and constructing the position, the size and the texture of the reflecting surface, well performs acoustic treatment such as sound absorption, diffusion, sound insulation and the like indoors, and avoids the phenomenon that the definition and the continuity of sound are reduced by excessive reverberation to influence the sound reproduction effect.

At present, consumers mostly use a living room as a video and audio room, and more rooms can be independently used as the video and audio rooms. The room clearance area of the audio-visual room is more than 10 square, and the arrangement and the viewing distance of the equipment are reasonably distributed; the height of the room is not less than 2.8m and not more than 4 m; because the ceiling also reflects sound, and the too high space is easy to cause the problem of inaccurate positioning due to the long arrival time of the reflected sound, the invention also needs to be purposefully processed and adjusted by arranging a specific reflecting surface or an acting surface.

In the prior art, the audio-visual room is preferably rectangular and the ratio of the length, width and height of the room conforms to the golden section rule, such as 1: 1.25: 1.6, 1: 1.6: 2.5 or 1: 2.5: 3.2. However, this standard is often difficult to achieve in reality, so that the length, width and height ratio of the viewing room can be improved to an ideal condition by providing a reflecting surface or an acting surface in a local area of the wall body.

The invention can be used for treating various indoor wall surfaces and ceilings. The material of the invention can be adopted to construct and form a basal layer on all walls, and then a surface layer and a concave-convex texture are arranged in a local area influencing the audio and video effect. At present, the four walls of the wall body are mostly cement wall surfaces or brick walls, and the wall body has strong reflection to high, medium and low frequencies, especially to high frequencies. Therefore, sound absorption at a proper ratio and location becomes a primary task. But the sound absorption ratio cannot be too large, so that the layering sense and the rich sense of the sound are not influenced.

The invention can specifically process the front, rear, left and right walls in a targeted way. For the left and right side walls, reflection surfaces are mainly provided for absorbing the first reflected sound emitted from the horn. The situation that positioning is not clear due to too many first-time reflected sounds and the sound sounds too loud is avoided; in this case, it is necessary to provide a strong adjustment reflecting surface at a position directly opposite to the horn and at a position intermediate between the horn and the auditorium to absorb sound. It is not necessary to make the entire wall surface a reflecting surface. The area of the reflection surface for this purpose is typically 1 to 1.5m wide, and the height of the entire wall surface 2/3 is high.

And (3) treating the horn rear wall body: the rear wall of the loudspeaker needs to be firm and hard, so that low frequency cannot be absorbed, and the power of the amplifier is doubled. A local reflecting surface of 1mX1m is generally made on the rear wall of the loudspeaker, and a weak adjusting reflecting surface is generally made, so that sound positioning is accurate and the sound level is full.

And (3) processing the horn rear wall corner wall body: any corner is the place with the strongest standing wave, and the left and right walls of the corner are respectively made into a local reflection surface of 0.5mX1m, and are generally made into a middle adjustment reflection surface to absorb redundant reflection sound.

And (3) processing a rear wall: the wall needs to absorb sound and also needs to diffuse. The suction is afraid of being too close to the rear wall and the reflected sound is too strong; diffusion is used because it makes the sound more natural because it is farther from the back wall. Generally, the whole rear wall is made into a low-adjustment reflecting surface, so that redundant reflected sound is absorbed, other reflected sound and mixed sound are diffused to the position of an auditorium, and the effects of absorption and diffusion are achieved.

And (3) ceiling treatment: generally, the ceiling also needs sound absorption and diffusion, and the whole rear wall is generally made into a low-adjustment reflecting surface or a weak-adjustment reflecting surface, so that the sound is best.

Wall surface treatment of compensatory treatment zones: if one side is a smooth cement wall and the other side is large cabinet furniture, a strong adjustment or medium adjustment reflecting surface is arranged at a position corresponding to one side of the cement wall to perform acoustic compensation processing, so that the acoustic performance of the two sides of the main sound box is as close to symmetry as possible. For example, a window, a door, etc. on one side, it is also necessary to provide a compensatory reflecting surface at a corresponding relative position to effectively reduce partially reflected sound and improve the clarity of sound, thereby improving the listening effect.

When the audio-visual indoor furnishing furniture is adopted, the audio-visual indoor furnishing furniture is not symmetrical as much as possible so as to prevent sound dyeing; otherwise, the sound-absorbing reflecting surface should be provided at the corresponding opposite position.

The light ceramic sand diatomite with the specific particle size has a rough surface and penetrating pores, is matched with the diatomite to form a coating, has the functions of diffusion and absorption with specific effects in the aspect of acoustics, and can achieve the effects of accurate positioning, absorption and proper reflection of high, middle and low frequency sound waves.

The sound absorption coefficient of the light ceramic sand diatomite wall material adopted by the invention can reach 0.3-0.6 (different surface textures and frequencies), and specific performance tests are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 comparison of sound absorption coefficient of the present invention and common materials

Referring to fig. 6, the sound absorption effect of the wall material structure of the present invention is actually measured:

according to the invention, the actual measurement and comparison of the sound bottom noise of the room are carried out before and after the reflecting surface is formed by using the light pottery sand diatomite wall material on the wall surface of the same room after construction, and the sound level meter is adopted for direct measurement, so that the result that the difference between the front bottom noise and the rear bottom noise of the material used in the same room is about-10 dB is obtained, and the sound absorption adjusting effect of the invention is obvious.

(1) Graph a before use: the room sound floor noise averages 35dB down.

(2) Post-use panel B: the room sound floor noise averages 24.5 dB.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the specific components and ratios thereof can be selected within the ranges of the components and the formula ratios described in the above embodiments and within the ranges of the process conditions described in the above embodiments, and the effects described in the present invention can be achieved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and other pottery sand diatomite coatings, methods and wall material structures specially used for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment, which are obtained by the same or similar methods, such as selecting specific numerical values or components with similar functions, are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The special pottery sand diatomite coating for indoor visual and audio environment adjustment is characterized by being a paste prepared from the following components in parts by weight:

10-40 parts of light sintered ceramic sand; 15-35 parts of diatomite; 8-15 parts of calcium carbonate; 2-12 parts of sepiolite; 10-30 parts of quartz sand; 5-12 parts of an auxiliary agent; mineral pigment 0.01-0.5; 100 portions of water and 150 portions of water; after the coating is constructed and dried, a specific reflecting surface or an acting surface is formed on a wall body.

2. An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method adopting the special pottery sand diatomite coating of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following acoustic adjusting steps:

3. The method for adjusting the indoor audio-visual environment by using the pottery sand diatomite coating as claimed in claim 2, further comprising the following acoustic adjustment steps for simulating a sound field in a macro space:

(21) measuring the three-dimensional shape, the length, the width and the height of the indoor inner wall space and the layout of sound equipment, and determining the local area and parameters for sound field performance adjustment;¹⁾

(31) selecting corresponding special ceramic sand diatomite coating according to the local area and the acoustic parameters of the sound field performance adjustment, calculating the position, the size, the wall material structure, the overall thickness and the surface texture characteristic of the partial reflecting surface of the wall body at the front, the rear, the left, the right and the upper parts of the auditorium, and formulating a construction scheme;

4. A method for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises the following optical adjustment steps:

5. An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising the temperature and humidity adjusting step of:

6. An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the performance adjustment target parameters include: adjusting the parameters of intensity grading, material composition, position, shape and area, structural layer thickness, surface texture and roughness and surface color and color temperature characteristics.

7. An indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method according to claim 6, wherein the adjustment intensity in the performance adjustment target parameter is divided into four stages of strong, medium, low and weak to perform local area reflection surface or action surface design, the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall material structure layer corresponding to the reflection surface or action surface are different, and the change rule corresponding to the strong to the weak sequentially is as follows: the content of the light sintered pottery sand contained in the wall material structure layer is reduced in sequence, the thickness of the formed wall material is reduced in sequence, the surface concave-convex height and the roughness are reduced in sequence, and the color temperature of the surface color is reduced in sequence.

8. A wall structure for implementing the method of adjusting an indoor audio-visual environment according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the wall structure layer comprises a substrate layer, a surface layer and a texture, the substrate layer is disposed on an inner surface of the wall, the surface layer is disposed on the substrate layer, and the texture is disposed on the surface layer; the wall material structure layer respectively corresponds to different strength and other performance adjustment target parameters through material components, thicknesses and surface texture characteristics of a basal layer, a surface layer and concave-convex texture, and forms reflecting surfaces or action surfaces with different adjustment strengths on a set local area of the wall body.

9. The wall structure of an indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method according to claim 8, wherein the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall structure layer corresponding to the accent reflection surface are as follows: the material of the wall material and the substrate layer comprises 18 to 30 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5 to 3 mm; the surface layer material comprises 10-22 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 1.5-2 mm; the surface texture is in a three-dimensional tile pattern or brick pattern shape which is arranged in a staggered way, and the average relative height of the concave and convex is 0.5-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 400-800 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 6500K and 8500K.

10. The wall structure of an indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method of claim 8, wherein the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall structure layer corresponding to the middle adjusting reflection surface are as follows: the wall material comprises 15-18 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material in the base layer material, and the average thickness of the base layer is 2-2.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 10-13 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 1-1.5 mm; the surface texture is in the shape of tree skin lines and water ripples which are arranged non-uniformly, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 200-400 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 5500-6500K.

11. The wall structure for indoor audio-visual environment adjustment method of claim 8, wherein the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall structure layer corresponding to the low adjustment reflection surface are as follows: the material of the wall material and the substrate layer comprises 10 to 12 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material, and the average thickness of the substrate layer is 1.5 to 2 mm; the surface layer material comprises 6-8 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.8-1.2 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.6-1 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 100-200 (mum); the color temperature of the surface color is 4500-5500K.

12. The wall structure of an indoor audio-visual environment adjusting method of claim 8, wherein the material, thickness and surface texture characteristics of the wall structure layer corresponding to the weak adjusting reflection surface are as follows: the wall material comprises 6 to 8 parts of light sintered ceramic sand coarse material in the base layer material, and the average thickness of the base layer is 1.2 to 1.5 mm; the surface layer material comprises 2-4 parts of light sintered ceramic sand fine materials, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 0.6-1 mm; the surface texture is in a coarse cloth pattern or fish scale pattern shape which is approximately and evenly distributed, and the average relative height of the concave-convex is 0.4-0.8 mm; the surface roughness is Ra 50-100 (mu m); the color temperature of the surface color is 2500-.