CN110938937B - Stitch-bonded felt prepared from waste carbon fibers, preparation method thereof and stitch-bonded felt preparation device - Google Patents
Stitch-bonded felt prepared from waste carbon fibers, preparation method thereof and stitch-bonded felt preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110938937B CN110938937B CN201911329092.7A CN201911329092A CN110938937B CN 110938937 B CN110938937 B CN 110938937B CN 201911329092 A CN201911329092 A CN 201911329092A CN 110938937 B CN110938937 B CN 110938937B
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
- D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
- D04B21/165—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads with yarns stitched through one or more layers or tows, e.g. stitch-bonded fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/732—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by fluid current, e.g. air-lay
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stitch-bonded felt prepared by waste carbon fibers, a preparation method thereof and a stitch-bonded felt preparation device, wherein the stitch-bonded felt prepared by the waste carbon fibers comprises a waste fiber layer and yarns for stitching the waste fiber layer into a whole, and the waste fiber layer is formed by uniformly laying the waste carbon fibers, carbon fibers and waste aramid fibers; the aramid fiber and the waste aramid fiber are both 6-9 cm in length and 5-15 microns in diameter; the length of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 4-8 cm, and the diameter of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 5-8 mu m; the yarn is polyester yarn, and the diameter of polyester yarn is 50~ 150D. A device for preparing a stitch-bonded felt by using waste carbon fibers comprises a chopping machine, a homogenizing device, a uniform web forming machine, an airflow web forming machine, a stitch-knitting machine and a winding machine. The stitch-bonded felt made of the waste carbon fibers has good uniformity, high strength and long service life, makes up the characteristic of larger brittleness of the waste carbon fibers by compounding the waste aramid fibers, and can be used for electric precipitation, environmental protection equipment, wind blades, male and female molds, glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tanks, inner walls of petroleum pipelines and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stitch-bonded felt prepared from waste carbon fibers, a preparation method thereof and a stitch-bonded felt preparation device, and belongs to the field of stitch-bonded felts.
Background
The carbon fiber is high-strength high-modulus fiber with carbon content of more than 90 percent, and is prepared by taking acrylic fiber and viscose fiber as raw materials and carrying out high-temperature oxidation carbonization. Has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electric conduction, heat conduction, corrosion resistance and the like, and is an excellent material for manufacturing high-technology equipment such as aerospace and the like.
During the preparation of the carbon fiber, a lot of harmful gases and harmful substances are generated, and the required labor cost is high, the production efficiency is low, and the price is high.
The waste carbon fiber is an inevitable industrial tailing generated in the production or use process of the carbon fiber, and because the waste carbon fiber is easy to agglomerate, difficult to disperse and poor in uniformity, a deep land burying treatment mode is adopted all the time, but serious pollution is caused to the land, and a large amount of land resources are wasted. In the present day when environmental protection is increasingly regarded as important, deep burying of the way is obviously no longer feasible. If the waste carbon fiber can be fully used for social production and the waste is changed into valuable, resources can be saved, energy consumption can be reduced, cost can be reduced, and great social significance can be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stitch-bonded felt prepared by waste carbon fibers, a preparation method thereof and a stitch-bonded felt preparation device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a stitch-bonded felt made of waste carbon fibers comprises a waste fiber layer and yarns for stitching the waste fiber layer into a whole, wherein the waste fiber layer is formed by uniformly laying waste carbon fibers, carbon fibers and waste aramid fibers; the aramid fiber and the waste aramid fiber are both 6-9 cm in length and 5-15 microns in diameter; the length of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 4-8 cm, and the diameter of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 5-8 mu m; the yarn is polyester yarn, and the diameter of polyester yarn is 50~ 150D.
The application makes the waste carbon fiber into the stitch-bonded felt, widens the application of the waste carbon fiber, changes waste into valuable, saves energy and reduces cost, and the obtained stitch-bonded felt can be used as a novel base material for electric dust removal, environmental protection equipment, wind blades, male and female molds, glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tanks, petroleum pipeline inner walls and the like.
This application has compensatied the great characteristic of useless carbon fiber fragility through useless aramid fiber's complex formulation, and when receiving external force and assault, useless aramid fiber can play fine buffering and compensate, and the fracture of exempting from carbon fiber has prolonged the life of stitch-bonding felt. The applicant verifies through practice that the waste carbon fiber and the waste aramid fiber are compounded to obtain the stitch-bonded felt with good uniformity, high strength and long service life, and certainly, when the waste carbon fiber and the waste aramid fiber are insufficient, the carbon fiber and the aramid fiber can be added to complement.
In order to further prolong the service life of the stitch-bonded felt, it is preferable that the stitch-bonded felt prepared from the waste carbon fibers has a mass ratio of the waste carbon fibers, the aramid fibers and the waste aramid fibers of 100: (0-100): (30-50): (0 to 50).
In order to meet the requirements of cost and strength, the needling density of the yarn is 650-1000 needles/m2。
In order to meet the requirements of different occasions, the thickness of the stitch-bonded felt is 1.8-5 mm, and the gram weight is 300-600 g/m2。
A method for utilizing waste carbon fiber to make the stitch-bonded felt, cut short, mix waste carbon fiber, aramid fiber and waste aramid fiber separately, get the mixed fiber; the mixed fiber is homogenized into a net by a uniform net forming machine, then is disoriently and uniformly distributed by an air-flow net forming machine, and is stitch-bonded by polyester yarn to obtain the basalt stitch-bonded felt.
The basalt stitch-bonded felt can be widely used as a novel base material: electric dust removal, environmental protection equipment, wind power blades, male and female molds, a glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tank, the inner wall of a petroleum pipeline and the like.
In order to further improve the uniformity of the stitch-bonded felt, the waste carbon fibers and/or the carbon fibers are cut into lengths of 4-8 cm, and the aramid fibers and/or the waste aramid fibers are cut into lengths of 6-9 cm.
A device for preparing a stitch-bonded felt by using waste carbon fibers comprises a chopping machine, a homogenizing device, a uniform web forming machine, an airflow web forming machine, a stitch-knitting machine and a winding machine; the homogenizing device, the uniform web former, the air-flow web former, the stitch-knitting machine and the winding machine are connected in sequence;
the homogenizing device includes homogenization room and transmission band, and the homogenization room is the equal open square tube structure in top and bottom, and the top of homogenization room is the import, and the bottom of homogenization room is the export, and the material that the homogenization room exported falls on the upper surface of transmission band, carries to even lapper by the transmission band, and the homogenization is indoor to be equipped with the pivot of more than the one deck level along the direction of height, and the contained angle between the adjacent two-layer pivot is 60~ 120.
The uniform web former comprises a web forming chamber, and a first conveying curtain, a conveying angle nail curtain and a second conveying curtain which are connected in sequence are arranged in the web forming chamber; the conveying angle nail curtain is driven by three conveying rollers to form cyclic conveying, the conveying angle nail curtain is in a triangular ring shape, three sides forming the triangular ring shape are sequentially provided with a first angle nail curtain, a second angle nail curtain and a third angle nail curtain, the first angle nail curtain is in an obliquely upward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the second angle nail curtain is in an obliquely downward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the tail end of the second angle nail curtain is positioned right above the second conveying curtain, and the height difference between the tail end of the second angle nail curtain and the second conveying curtain is not less than 90 cm; a material stripping roller is arranged opposite to the tail end of the second angle nail curtain, four rows of material stripping nails are uniformly distributed on the surface of the material stripping roller along the circumferential direction, and when the material stripping roller rotates, the material stripping nails drop the materials on the second angle nail curtain on the second conveying curtain; the first compression roller and the material homogenizing roller are sequentially arranged in the direction from the upstream to the downstream opposite to the first corner nail curtain, four rows of material homogenizing nails are arranged on the surface of the material homogenizing roller along the circumferential direction, and the material homogenizing nails perform the homogenization function on the waste carbon fibers and the waste aramid fibers on the first corner nail curtain by the counterclockwise rotation of the material homogenizing roller; the conveying belt of the homogenizing device is connected with the starting end of a first conveying curtain, the tail end of the first conveying curtain is connected with the starting end of a first corner nail curtain, and the tail end of a second conveying curtain is connected with the air-laid machine.
The height difference between the tail end of the second brad curtain and the second conveying curtain is set, so that the fibers can be uniformly arranged in a non-directional crossing manner in the blanking process, and the uniformity of the fibers can be better ensured; the first corner nail curtain runs obliquely upwards, the material homogenizing roller rotates anticlockwise, and the material homogenizing nails on the material homogenizing roller homogenize the waste carbon fibers and the waste aramid fibers on the first corner nail curtain; the first press roller is arranged to homogenize the thickness of the material on the first upward-inclined corner nail curtain.
In order to further improve the uniformity of fiber mixing, more than two collision rods are arranged on each rotating shaft, the rotating shafts are axially arranged, and the included angle between each collision rod and each rotating shaft is 30-40 degrees.
In order to uniformly collide materials and improve the mixing uniformity of the materials, two collision rods which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the same circumference of each rotating shaft, the two adjacent collision rods in the circumferential direction are arranged in a staggered mode, and each collision rod is of a triangular prism structure.
The position of the chopping machine is not strictly limited, and the chopped materials can be packaged firstly and conveyed to a designated place as required when in use, and then the chopped materials are uniformly mixed and sequentially pass through the uniform net forming machine, the air-flow net forming machine and the stitch-knitting machine to prepare the stitch-knitting felt.
The installation mode of various rollers and the installation of the motor and the like required by operation all refer to the prior art.
The angle nail curtain conveying motor is controlled by adopting frequency conversion, and the speed of the angle nail curtain can be controlled according to actual production requirements.
In order to achieve a better homogenization effect on the waste carbon fibers, the included angle between the upper angle nail of the angle nail conveying curtain and the plane where the angle nail conveying curtain is located is 45 degrees. The angle nails on the first angle nail curtain are obliquely arranged upwards, and the included angle between each angle nail and the vertical direction is 30-40 degrees; the angle nail of second angle nail curtain sets up downwards to one side, and the contained angle of angle nail and vertical direction is 60~ 85. The conveying angle nail curtain is divided into a first angle nail curtain, a second angle nail curtain and a third angle nail curtain, so that the conveying angle nail curtain is convenient to describe, is substantially integral and forms circular transmission, and the arrangement direction and the angle of glue nails on each angle nail curtain can be realized by adjusting the positions of three transmission rollers.
In order to further ensure the uniformity of material distribution, the angle nails on the angle nail conveying curtain are more than two rows arranged along the transmission direction, the adjacent two rows of angle nails are arranged in a staggered mode, the distance between the adjacent two rows of angle nails is 1.5-3 cm, the distance between the same row of angle nails is 1.5-2 cm, and the length of each angle nail is 4-5 cm.
In order to further improve the homogenization effect, two material homogenizing rollers with the same structure are sequentially arranged in the direction from the upstream to the downstream opposite to the first corner nail curtain; and a second pressing roller is arranged right above the second conveying curtain, and a reticulate pattern knurl is arranged on the surface of the second pressing roller.
The second compression roller is adjustable in height, and is convenient for production of stitch-bonded felts of different specifications. The second press roller makes the fed fiber in a holding state, improves the uniformity of the formed web, has knurled surface, improves friction force, and is not stained with the fiber, and the second press roller and the second conveying curtain are synchronously driven.
In order to reduce material loss and production pollution, a blanking channel is arranged between the tail end of the second brad curtain and the second conveying curtain. The materials on the second brad curtain fall on the second conveying curtain along the blanking channel.
In order to improve the uniformity of the formed web, the length of a stripping nail on a stripping roller is preferably 6-8 cm; the length of the material homogenizing nail on the material homogenizing roller is 5-6 cm.
In order to further homogenize the fiber, the air-laid machine comprises a frame, a third conveying curtain, a feeding roller, a main cylinder, a homogenizing chamber, an air roller and a fourth conveying curtain which are sequentially connected are arranged on the frame, the air roller comprises a suction cavity and a dust cage arranged on the periphery of the suction cavity, and a sealing press roller is arranged right above the dust cage; one end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a feeding hole, the other end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is higher than the discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with the space between the feeding roller and the main cylinder, and the discharging hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with the gap between the air roller and the sealing press roller; an air outlet is arranged on one side of the suction cavity of the air roller, which is opposite to the homogenizing chamber, and the suction cavity is communicated with a suction fan to provide air volume for the homogenizing chamber; the tail end of the second conveying curtain of the uniform web former is connected with the starting end of the third conveying curtain, and the tail end of the fourth conveying curtain is connected with the stitch-knitting machine.
The suction fan provides airflow into the homogenizing chamber through the air outlet on the suction cavity, so that enough air is contained in each fiber in the homogenizing chamber in the conveying process, and the fibers are not intertwined; the air flow mainly plays a role in conveying, diffusing and non-directional cross arrangement on the fibers. In the transmission process, the dust cage on the periphery of the suction cavity of the air roller rotates, so that the materials are conveyed.
The feeding of the air-laid machine is a steel roller structure.
In order to improve the uniformity of air quantity, the length direction of the air outlet is consistent with the axial direction of the air roller. The width of the air outlet is adapted to the width of the discharge hole of the material homogenizing chamber, so that the uniformity of material distribution is better ensured.
In order to further improve the uniformity of the fibers, the homogenizing chamber is in a horn shape gradually expanding from top to bottom, namely the homogenizing chamber is in a horn shape gradually expanding from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet; the top surface of the material homogenizing chamber is in a concave arch shape. Thus, the air flow impulse force can be weakened, and the uniform adsorption of the fibers is facilitated.
In order to further ensure the uniformity of the fibers, the suction air volume of the suction fan is preferably 10600-18392m3/h。
In order to further improve the uniformity of fiber mixing, the aperture of the meshes on the dust cage is 2.5 +/-0.1 mm, the distance between two adjacent meshes is 7-9 mm, and the air speed of the air flow in the meshes is 2.2-3.3 m/s.
The terms of orientation such as up and down, left and right, top and bottom refer to the relative positions of the devices in normal use, and the direction from upstream to downstream is the material flow direction, and the direction from the beginning to the end of each device.
The prior art is referred to in the art for techniques not mentioned in the present invention.
The stitch-bonded felt made of the waste carbon fiber has good uniformity, high strength and long service life, and can be used for electric dust removal, environmental protection equipment, wind blades, male and female molds, glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tanks, inner walls of petroleum pipelines and the like; utilize this application preparation stitch-bonded felt's device, can with waste carbon fiber homogeneous and waste aramid fiber etc. homogeneous mixing, dispersion, the net formation, solved waste carbon fiber and easily reunited, difficult dispersion, the poor scheduling problem of homogeneity, and through waste aramid fiber's complex formulation, compensatied the great characteristic of waste carbon fiber fragility, make waste carbon fiber and waste aramid fiber obtain effectual utilization, the resource has been practiced thrift, the energy consumption has been reduced, the cost is reduced, real changing waste into valuables has been realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for producing a stitch-bonded felt using waste carbon fibers according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the homogenizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a crash bar configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a uniform web former of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an airlaid machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the feed rollers and the main cylinder of the airlaid web former of FIG. 5;
in the figure, 1 is a uniform web former, 11 is a first conveying curtain, 12 is a conveying angle nail curtain, 121 is a first angle nail curtain, 122 is a second angle nail curtain, 123 is a third angle nail curtain, 13 is a second conveying curtain, 14 is a first press roll, 15 is a material homogenizing roll, 16 is a stripping roll, 17 is a blanking channel, 18 is a second press roll, 19 is a web forming chamber, 2 is an air web former, 21 is a third conveying curtain, 22 is a feeding roller, 23 is a main cylinder, 24 is a material homogenizing chamber, 241 is a top surface of the material homogenizing chamber, 25 is an air roll, 251 is a suction chamber, 252 is a dust cage, 26 is a fourth conveying curtain, 27 is a suction fan, 28 is a sealing press roll, 29 is a frame, 3 is a stitch knitting machine, 4 is a winding machine, 5 is a homogenizing device, 51 is a rotating shaft, 511 is a collision rod, 52 is a conveying belt, 53 is a homogenizing chamber, and 54 is a conveying belt.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a device for preparing a stitch-bonded felt by using waste carbon fibers comprises a chopping machine, a homogenizing device, a uniform web forming machine, an air-laying machine, a stitch-knitting machine and a winding machine; the homogenizing device, the uniform web former, the air-flow web former, the stitch-knitting machine and the winding machine are connected in sequence;
as shown in fig. 2-3, the homogenizing device comprises a homogenizing chamber and a transmission belt, the homogenizing chamber is of a square cylinder structure with an opening at the top and the bottom, the top of the homogenizing chamber is an inlet, the bottom of the homogenizing chamber is an outlet, the material at the outlet of the homogenizing chamber falls on the upper surface of the transmission belt and is conveyed to the homogenizing screen former by the transmission belt, four layers of horizontal rotating shafts are arranged in the homogenizing chamber along the height direction, and the included angle between two adjacent layers of rotating shafts is 90 degrees. More than two collision rods are arranged on each rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the included angle between each collision rod and the rotating shaft is 30 degrees. Two collision rods which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the same circumferential direction of each rotating shaft, the collision rods on two adjacent circumferential directions are arranged in a staggered mode, and each collision rod is of a triangular prism structure; the homogenization room can be installed on fixed knot structures such as wall according to factory building structure, and the transmission band adopts current annular plain noodles to prevent static conveyer belt can.
As shown in fig. 4, the uniform web former comprises a web forming chamber, wherein a first conveying curtain, a conveying angle nail curtain and a second conveying curtain which are connected in sequence are arranged in the web forming chamber; the conveying angle nail curtain is driven by three conveying rollers to form cyclic conveying, the conveying angle nail curtain is in a triangular ring shape, three sides forming the triangular ring shape are sequentially provided with a first angle nail curtain, a second angle nail curtain and a third angle nail curtain, the first angle nail curtain is in an obliquely upward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the second angle nail curtain is in an obliquely downward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the tail end of the second angle nail curtain is positioned right above the second conveying curtain, the height difference between the tail end of the second angle nail curtain and the second conveying curtain is not less than 90cm, and a blanking channel is arranged between the tail end of the second angle nail curtain and the second conveying curtain; a material stripping roller is arranged opposite to the tail end of the second angle nail curtain, four rows of material stripping nails are uniformly distributed on the surface of the material stripping roller along the circumferential direction, and the material on the second angle nail curtain is beaten down on the second conveying curtain through the material stripping nails on the material stripping roller; the first corner nail curtain is opposite, a first compression roller and two material homogenizing rollers are sequentially arranged from the upstream to the downstream, four rows of material homogenizing nails are arranged on the surface of each material homogenizing roller along the circumferential direction, the material homogenizing rollers rotate anticlockwise, and the material homogenizing nails on the material homogenizing rollers play a role in homogenizing fibers on the first corner nail curtain; a second pressing roller is arranged right above the second conveying curtain, the surface of the second pressing roller is provided with reticulate knurls, the height of the second pressing roller is adjustable, the fed fibers are in a holding state, the uniformity of web formation is improved, the knurl treatment on the surface of the pressing roller is used for improving friction force and preventing the fibers from being stained, and the pressing roller and the second conveying curtain are synchronously driven;
the included angle between the upper angle nail of the conveying angle nail curtain and the plane where the conveying angle nail curtain is located is 45 degrees; the angle nails on the first angle nail curtain are obliquely arranged upwards, the included angle between the angle nails and the vertical direction is 30 degrees, the angle nails of the second angle nail curtain are obliquely arranged downwards, and the included angle between the angle nails and the vertical direction is 80 degrees; will carry the angle nail curtain to divide into first angle nail curtain, second angle nail curtain and third angle nail curtain, be for the description convenience, the essence is whole, and forms the circulation transmission, carries angle nail curtain motor to adopt frequency conversion control, can be according to the speed that actual production needs the angle nail curtain, and the direction of setting up of angle nail on each angle nail curtain and the position realization of the three transmission roller of angle accessible adjustment.
The angle nails on the conveying angle nail curtain are more than two rows arranged along the conveying direction, the two adjacent rows of angle nails are arranged in a staggered mode, the distance between the two adjacent rows of angle nails is 2.5cm, the distance between the same row of angle nails is 2cm, and the length of each angle nail is 4 cm. The angle nail is a steel nail with an upward pointed end. The length of the stripping nail on the stripping roller is 7 cm; the length of the material homogenizing nail on the material homogenizing roller is 6 cm.
As shown in fig. 5-6, the air-laid machine comprises a frame, on which a third conveying curtain, a feeding roller, a main cylinder, a material homogenizing chamber, an air roller and a fourth conveying curtain are arranged in sequence; the frame is a 40mm steel plate welding structure; the air roller comprises a suction cavity and a dust cage arranged on the periphery of the suction cavity, and a sealing press roller is arranged right above the dust cage; one end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a feeding hole, the other end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is higher than the discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with the space between the feeding roller and the main cylinder, the discharging hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with the gap between the air roller and the sealing press roller, and the homogenizing chamber is in a horn shape gradually expanding from top to bottom; the top surface of the homogenizing chamber is in a concave arch shape, so that the impact force of air flow is weakened, and uniform adsorption of fibers is facilitated; an air outlet is arranged on one side of the suction cavity of the air roller, which is opposite to the homogenizing chamber, the length direction of the air outlet is consistent with the axial direction of the air roller, the suction cavity is communicated with a suction fan, and 10600-18392m is provided in the homogenizing chamber3The air volume is/h; the aperture of each mesh on the dust cage is 2.5mm, the distance between two adjacent meshes is 8mm, and the air speed of airflow in the meshes is 2.2-3.3 m/s; the conveying belt of the homogenizing device is connected with the starting end of a first conveying curtain, the tail end of the first conveying curtain is connected with the starting end of a first corner nail curtain, the tail end of a second conveying curtain of the uniform web former is connected with the starting end of a third conveying curtain, and the tail end of a fourth conveying curtain is connected with the stitch-knitting machine.
The suction fan provides airflow into the homogenizing chamber through the air outlet on the suction cavity, so that enough air is contained in each fiber in the homogenizing chamber in the conveying process, and the fibers are not intertwined; the air flow mainly plays a role in conveying, diffusing and non-directional cross arrangement on the fibers. In the transmission process, the dust cage on the periphery of the suction cavity of the air roller rotates, so that the materials are conveyed.
Description of the drawings: the figure does not show a chopping machine, the position of the chopping machine is not strictly limited, the chopping machine can be arranged at the upstream of a homogenizing device, the chopped materials can also be packaged firstly and conveyed to a designated place as required when in use, and the chopped materials sequentially pass through a uniform net forming machine, an airflow net forming machine and a stitch knitting machine to prepare the stitch-bonding felt.
The stitch-bonded felt is produced by utilizing the stitch-bonded felt preparation device utilizing the waste carbon fiber: cutting waste carbon fibers (the source: industrial tailings generated in carbon fiber production, the diameter is 5-8 mu m) into the length of about 6cm by using a chopping machine, cutting waste aramid fibers (the source: industrial tailings generated in aramid fiber production, the diameter is 5-15 mu m) into the length of about 8cm, and pouring the cut waste carbon fibers and waste aramid fibers into a homogenizing device for homogenization; then the waste carbon fibers enter a material homogenizing chamber, under the action of air flow in the material homogenizing chamber, the waste carbon fibers are disoriently and crossly distributed on a dust cage of an air roller and output to a fourth conveying curtain and are conveyed to a stitch-knitting machine by the fourth conveying curtain, and yarns used by the stitch-knitting machine are polyester yarns with the diameter of 100D; and then winding the waste carbon fibers in a fixed length by using a winding machine to obtain the stitch-bonded felt made of the waste carbon fibers, wherein the stitch-bonded felt comprises a waste fiber layer and yarns for stitching the waste fiber layer into a whole, and the waste fiber layer is formed by uniformly laying the waste carbon fibers and the waste aramid fibers in a mass ratio of 100: 30.
Above-mentioned utilize stitch-bonded felt preparation facilities of useless carbon fiber, the productivity: 800 tons/year (according to 300 g/m)2) (ii) a The product width is as follows: 2500 mm; the product specification is as follows: 300. 380, 450, 550 or 600g/m2(ii) a Uniformity: the deviation of the average gram weight values of different specifications is less than 1.0 percent, and the yarn is smooth and has no run-off; a winding mode: and (4) a fixed length mode.
TABLE 1 Performance Table for stitchbonded felts made with waste carbon fibers
By last table, can see, this application utilizes the stitch-bonded felt of useless carbon fiber preparation, matter is light, level and smooth, do not have the silk of taking off, intensity is high, the specification is adjustable, through useless aramid fiber's complex formulation, the great characteristic of useless carbon fiber fragility has been remedied, when receiving external shock, useless aramid fiber can play fine buffering and remedy, when carrying out drop test, the carbon fiber does not have rupture phenomenon almost, the heat conductivity is good, chemical corrosion resistance is strong, the wearability is good, high temperature resistance is good, the moisture absorption rate is low, radioresistance, ultraviolet resistance, biological resistance pollutes, above-mentioned stitch-bonded felt is as novel substrate, can be used to: electric dust removal, environmental protection equipment, wind power blades, male and female molds, a glass fiber reinforced plastic storage tank, the inner wall of a petroleum pipeline and the like.
Claims (8)
1. A stitch-bonded felt prepared by utilizing waste carbon fibers is characterized in that: the yarn comprises a waste fiber layer and yarn for sewing the waste fiber layer into a whole, wherein the waste fiber layer is formed by uniformly laying waste carbon fibers, aramid fibers and waste aramid fibers; the aramid fiber and the waste aramid fiber are both 6-9 cm in length and 5-15 microns in diameter; the length of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 4-8 cm, and the diameter of the waste carbon fiber and the carbon fiber is 5-8 mu m; the yarn is polyester yarn, and the fineness of the polyester yarn is 50-150D;
the device for preparing the stitch-bonded felt by utilizing the waste carbon fiber comprises a chopping machine, a homogenizing device, a uniform web forming machine, an airflow web forming machine, a stitch-knitting machine and a winding machine; the homogenizing device, the uniform web former, the air-flow web former, the stitch-knitting machine and the winding machine are connected in sequence;
the homogenizing device comprises a homogenizing chamber and a conveying belt, the homogenizing chamber is of a square cylinder structure with an open top and an open bottom, the top of the homogenizing chamber is an inlet, the bottom of the homogenizing chamber is an outlet, materials at the outlet of the homogenizing chamber fall on the upper surface of the conveying belt and are conveyed to the homogenizing screen forming machine through the conveying belt, more than two layers of horizontal rotating shafts are arranged in the homogenizing chamber along the height direction, and the included angle between every two adjacent layers of rotating shafts is 60-120 degrees; more than two collision rods are arranged on each rotating shaft along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the included angle between each collision rod and the rotating shaft is 30-40 degrees; two collision rods which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the same circumference of each rotating shaft, the collision rods on two adjacent circumferences are arranged in a staggered mode, and each collision rod is of a triangular prism structure.
2. The stitchbonded felt made with waste carbon fibers as claimed in claim 1 in which: the mass ratio of the waste carbon fiber, the aramid fiber and the waste aramid fiber is 100: (0-100): (30-50): (0 to 50).
3. The stitch-bonded felt produced using the waste carbon fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the needling density of the yarn is 650-1000 needles/m 2(ii) a The thickness of the stitch-bonding felt is 1.8-5 mm, and the gram weight is 300-600 g/m2。
4. The stitch-bonded felt produced using the waste carbon fiber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the uniform web former comprises a web forming chamber, and a first conveying curtain, a conveying angle nail curtain and a second conveying curtain which are connected in sequence are arranged in the web forming chamber; the conveying angle nail curtain is driven by three conveying rollers to form cyclic conveying, the conveying angle nail curtain is in a triangular ring shape, three sides forming the triangular ring shape are sequentially provided with a first angle nail curtain, a second angle nail curtain and a third angle nail curtain, the first angle nail curtain is in an obliquely upward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the second angle nail curtain is in an obliquely downward structure from the starting end to the tail end, the tail end of the second angle nail curtain is positioned right above the second conveying curtain, and the height difference between the tail end of the second angle nail curtain and the second conveying curtain is not less than 90 cm; a material stripping roller is arranged opposite to the tail end of the second angle nail curtain, four rows of material stripping nails are uniformly distributed on the surface of the material stripping roller along the circumferential direction, and the material on the second angle nail curtain is beaten down on the second conveying curtain through the material stripping nails on the material stripping roller; a first compression roller and a material homogenizing roller are sequentially arranged in the direction from the upstream to the downstream opposite to the first corner nail curtain, four rows of material homogenizing nails are arranged on the surface of the material homogenizing roller along the circumferential direction, and the material homogenizing roller rotates anticlockwise; the conveying belt of the homogenizing device is connected with the starting end of the first conveying curtain, the tail end of the first conveying curtain is connected with the starting end of the first corner nail curtain, and the tail end of the second conveying curtain is connected with the air-laid machine.
5. The stitchbonded felt made with waste carbon fibers of claim 4 which is characterized by: the angle nails on the first angle nail curtain are obliquely arranged upwards, and the included angle between each angle nail and the vertical direction is 30-40 degrees; the angle nails of the second angle nail curtain are obliquely arranged downwards, and the included angle between the angle nails and the vertical direction is 60-85 degrees; the angle nails on the conveying angle nail curtain are arranged in more than two rows along the conveying direction, the adjacent two rows of angle nails are arranged in a staggered mode, the distance between the adjacent two rows of angle nails is 1.5-3 cm, the distance between the same row of angle nails is 1.5-2 cm, and the length of each angle nail is 4-5 cm; two material homogenizing rollers with the same structure are sequentially arranged in the direction from the upstream to the downstream opposite to the first fillet nail curtain; a second pressing roller is arranged right above the second conveying curtain, and the surface of the second pressing roller is provided with reticulate patterns and knurls; the length of the stripping nail on the stripping roller is 6-8 cm; the length of the material homogenizing nail on the material homogenizing roller is 5-6 cm; a blanking channel is arranged between the tail end of the second brad curtain and the second conveying curtain.
6. The stitchbonded felt made with waste carbon fibers of claim 5 which is characterized by: the air-laid machine comprises a frame, wherein a third conveying curtain, a feeding roller, a main cylinder, a material homogenizing chamber, an air roller and a fourth conveying curtain which are sequentially connected are arranged on the frame, the air roller comprises a suction cavity and a dust cage arranged on the periphery of the suction cavity, and a sealing press roller is arranged right above the dust cage; one end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a feeding hole, the other end of the homogenizing chamber is provided with a discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is higher than the discharging hole, the feeding hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with a gap between the feeding roller and the main cylinder, and the discharging hole of the homogenizing chamber is connected with a gap between the air roller and the sealing press roller; an air outlet is arranged on one side of the suction cavity of the air roller, which is opposite to the homogenizing chamber, and the suction cavity is connected with a suction fan for supplying air quantity into the homogenizing chamber; the tail end of the second conveying curtain of the uniform web former is connected with the starting end of the third conveying curtain, and the tail end of the fourth conveying curtain is connected with the stitch-knitting machine.
7. The stitchbonded felt made with waste carbon fibers of claim 6 which is characterized by: the length direction of the air outlet is consistent with the axial direction of the air roller; the homogenizing chamber is in a horn shape gradually expanding from top to bottom; the top surface of the material homogenizing chamber is in a concave arch shape; carrying out dry distillation at 10600-18392 m/h on the suction air volume of the suction fan; the aperture of the meshes on the dust cage is 2.5 +/-0.1 mm, the distance between two adjacent meshes is 7-9 mm, and the air speed of the air flow in the meshes is 2.2-3.3 m/s.
8. A method of making the stitchbonded felt of any of claims 1 to 7 which comprises: respectively cutting and uniformly mixing the waste carbon fibers, the aramid fibers and the waste aramid fibers to obtain mixed fibers; the mixed fiber is homogenized into a net by a uniform net forming machine, then is disoriently and uniformly distributed by an air-flow net forming machine, and is stitch-bonded by polyester yarn to obtain the stitch-bonded felt.
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| US20180036996A1 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-02-08 | Cerex Advanced Fabrics, Inc. | Methods of combining a fiber mat and a fabric veil to make a seamless fiber reinforced plastic part |
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| CN103643403A (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2014-03-19 | 刘柏荣 | Manufacturing method of fiber-reinforced light fireproof composite material |
| CN104213335A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-17 | 海东青非织工业（福建）有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant flame-retardant fiber nonwoven fabric and preparation method thereof |
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