CN110935098B - Miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and implantable medical device power supply circuit - Google Patents
Miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and implantable medical device power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN110935098B CN110935098B CN201911205811.4A CN201911205811A CN110935098B CN 110935098 B CN110935098 B CN 110935098B CN 201911205811 A CN201911205811 A CN 201911205811A CN 110935098 B CN110935098 B CN 110935098B
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Abstract
The application relates to a miniaturized radio frequency energy harvesting circuit, comprising: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module, a matching network module, a rectifying circuit module and a load output module. Wherein the radio frequency energy input section transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to the following circuit; the matching network module is used for matching the input impedance of the integral radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain value under the normal condition, so that radio frequency energy is transmitted to a following circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collection circuit of the embodiment not only has the characteristics of miniaturization, but also has the characteristics of high energy collection efficiency, and has good engineering application value.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of circuit design, and particularly relates to a miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and an implantable medical device power supply circuit.
Background
With the wireless communication technology, various electronic devices such as sensors are increasing. In some special places, such as special working places with dangerous factors, such as overhead towers, underground mines and the like, various equipment is required to monitor indexes such as temperature, humidity, wind power and the like, the construction difficulty of the traditional power wiring side is high, and if the battery is used for power supply, the battery is required to be continuously replaced and maintained due to limited electric quantity of the battery, so that the use cost is greatly increased. There are many forms of energy in the environment, such as solar energy, wind energy and vibration energy, and these energy factors are greatly affected by weather environment, and collection and utilization have great limitations. The communication base stations distributed in 4G and 5G times are widely distributed with radio frequency signals (wireless signals with frequency higher than 100 MHz) in the environment, and the radio frequency signals have certain energy. The energy is widely distributed and is little influenced by weather change, so that the collection and utilization of the radio frequency energy for low-power-consumption equipment becomes a feasible power supply mode.
The design of the rf energy harvesting circuit requires consideration of factors such as circuit size, energy harvesting efficiency, output voltage, output power, etc. For research design of the rf energy harvesting circuit, many expert scholars have recently proposed various designs. The document Design and Safety Considerations of an Implantable Rectenna for Far-Field Wireless Power Transfer discloses a radio frequency energy collection circuit, the highest energy collection efficiency of the circuit is 44%, the output voltage is 0.7V, the output energy power is only 0.15mW, and the power supply power is far lower than the power supply power required by common electronic equipment, so that the radio frequency energy collection is realized in theory, and the practical application value is limited. The document An Enhanced Rectenna Using Differentially-Fed Rectififier for Wireless Power Transmission proposes an improved radio frequency energy collecting circuit, the highest energy collecting efficiency reaches 73%, the output power is 73mW, but the scheme adopts differential dual-port feed, so that the circuit size is increased to 30mm by 50mm by 3mm, additional requirements are also provided for a radio frequency energy receiving antenna, the antenna also adopts a differential feed mode, and the application limitation is larger.
In summary, the existing radio frequency energy collection has certain limitations and has a certain gap from practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a novel radio frequency energy collecting circuit which has the characteristics of miniaturization, high energy collecting efficiency and good engineering application value.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit comprising: the radio frequency energy input module, the matching network module, the rectifying circuit module and the load output module are formed on the circuit board and are electrically connected in sequence;
the radio frequency energy input module is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module comprises loading serial microstrip line branches and/or short circuit microstrip line branches and/or parallel microstrip line branches and/or coupling microstrip line branches;
the loading serial microstrip line branch joint is a rectangular microstrip line directly electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module;
the short circuit microstrip line branch joint is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch joint and the grounding end;
the parallel microstrip line branch joint is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch joint in parallel;
the coupling microstrip line branch joint is two parallel microstrip lines which are arranged beside the loading serial microstrip line branch joint and are close to each other, and the coupling microstrip line branch joint is not electrically connected with the loading serial microstrip line branch joint, the short circuit microstrip line branch joint and the parallel microstrip line branch joint;
the rectifying circuit module comprises a first capacitor, one end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the matching network module, the other end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line respectively, a first diode is arranged on the first branch line, and a second capacitor and a second diode are arranged on the second branch line;
the load output module is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line and is used for being connected with a load to supply power for the load.
Preferably, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit is characterized in that the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, a radio frequency energy input module, a matching network module and a wire for electric connection, which are formed on the circuit board in sequence, are printed on the front face, and the rectifying circuit module and the load output module are arranged on the front face.
Preferably, in the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the present invention, the grounding end is disposed at the back of the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit, and the short-circuit microstrip line branch is connected.
Preferably, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the present invention, the first diode and the second diode are schottky diodes.
Preferably, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit of the present invention, the operating frequency of the schottky diode is 80-150MHz.
Preferably, in the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit, the width of the radio frequency energy input module is 0.3 mm-0.9 mm, and the length of the radio frequency energy input module is 5 mm-20 mm.
Preferably, the miniaturized radiofrequency energy collection circuit of the present invention has an impedance of 30-80 Ω.
The invention also provides an implantable medical device power supply circuit, which uses the miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit, and a load output module of the miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit is connected with the implantable medical device.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module, a matching network module, a rectifying circuit module and a load output module. Wherein the radio frequency energy input section transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to the following circuit; the matching network module is used for matching the input impedance of the integral radio frequency energy collecting circuit to a certain value under the normal condition, so that radio frequency energy is transmitted to a following circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collection circuit of the embodiment not only has the characteristics of miniaturization, but also has the characteristics of high energy collection efficiency, and has good engineering application value.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a plot of input impedance versus input power for a radio frequency energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the reflection coefficient of the RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application as a function of input power;
FIG. 3 is a graph of energy harvesting efficiency versus input power for an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a plot of output voltage versus input power for a radio frequency energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a plot of output power versus input power for a radio frequency energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit of the RF energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is an overall schematic diagram of a rf energy harvesting circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
The reference numerals in the figures are:
1. a radio frequency energy input module;
2. a matching network module;
3. a rectifying circuit module;
4. a load output module;
21. loading serially connected microstrip line branches;
22. short circuit microstrip line branch section;
23. connecting microstrip line branch sections;
24. coupling microstrip line branches;
31. a first capacitor;
32. a first diode;
33. a second capacitor;
34. and a second diode.
Description of the embodiments
It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific context.
The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with embodiments.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a miniaturized rf energy collection circuit, as shown in fig. 7, comprising:
the radio frequency energy input module 1, the matching network module 2, the rectifying circuit module 3 and the load output module 4 are formed on the circuit board and are electrically connected in sequence;
the radio frequency energy input module 1 is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module 2 comprises a loading series microstrip line branch 21 and/or a short circuit microstrip line branch 22 and/or a parallel microstrip line branch 23 and/or a coupling microstrip line branch 24;
the loading serial microstrip line branch joint 21 is a rectangular microstrip line directly electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module 1;
the short circuit microstrip line branch 22 is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch 21 and the grounding terminal;
the parallel microstrip line branch joint 23 is a microstrip line connected with the loading series microstrip line branch joint 21 in parallel;
the coupling microstrip line branch 24 is two parallel microstrip lines which are arranged beside the loading serial microstrip line branch 21 and are close to each other, and the coupling microstrip line branch 24 is not electrically connected with the loading serial microstrip line branch 21, the short circuit microstrip line branch 22 and the parallel microstrip line branch 23; two coupling microstrip line branches 24 are positioned at two sides of the short-circuit microstrip line branch 22;
the rectifying circuit module 3 includes a first capacitor 31, one end of the first capacitor 31 is electrically connected with the matching network module 2, the other end of the first capacitor 31 is electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line, the first branch line is provided with a first diode 32, and the second branch line is provided with a second capacitor 33 and a second diode 34;
the load output module 4 is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line and is used for being connected with a load to supply power to the load.
The miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit that this embodiment provided includes: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module 1, a matching network module 2, a rectifying circuit module 3 and a load output module 4. Wherein the radio frequency energy input section transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to the following circuit; the matching network module 2 matches the input impedance of the overall rf energy harvesting circuit to a certain value, typically, so as to transmit rf energy to the following circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load. The radio frequency energy collection circuit of the embodiment not only has the characteristics of miniaturization, but also has the characteristics of high energy collection efficiency, and has good engineering application value.
As an improvement, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of this embodiment, the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, and the radio frequency energy input module 1, the matching network module 2 and the wires for electrical connection that are formed on the circuit board and electrically connected in turn are printed on the front, and the rectifying circuit module 3 and the load output module 4 are disposed on the front.
As an improvement, the grounding end of the miniaturized rf energy collection circuit of this embodiment is disposed on the back of the miniaturized rf energy collection circuit, and the short-circuited microstrip line branch 22.
As an improvement, the miniaturized rf energy collection circuit of the present embodiment, the first diode 32 and the second diode 34 are schottky diodes.
As an improvement, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the present embodiment, the operating frequency of the schottky diode is 80-150MHz.
As an improvement, the miniaturized radio frequency energy collecting circuit of the embodiment, the width of the radio frequency energy input module 1 is 0.3 mm-0.9 mm, and the length is 5 mm-20 mm.
As an improvement, the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of this embodiment has an impedance of 30-80 Ω.
The circuit principle of the circuit is shown in fig. 6, and the whole structure comprises: the device comprises a radio frequency energy input module 1, a matching network module 2, a rectifying circuit module 3 and a load output module 4. Wherein the radio frequency energy input section transmits radio frequency energy in the environment to the following circuit; the matching network module 2 matches the input impedance of the overall rf energy harvesting circuit to a certain value, typically 50 ohms, to transmit rf energy to the following circuit without reflection; the rectification circuit converts high-frequency radio frequency energy into direct current energy and finally transmits the direct current energy to a load.
The radio frequency energy collecting circuit is designed by taking the flexible dielectric plate as a base material, the flexible dielectric plate is polyimide, the relative dielectric constant is 3.3-3.6, the loss tangent is 0.005-0.009, the radio frequency energy collecting circuit is suitable for manufacturing a radio frequency circuit board, the dielectric base material is common, the cost is less than 20% of that of a Rogowski base material, and the manufacturing process of the circuit board is mature. The thickness of the circuit board is not more than 0.2mm. The microstrip line is used as a matching network module, and a rectifying circuit is reasonably designed, so that the width of the whole circuit is 1-2 mm, the length is 40-60 mm, and the whole circuit is of an elongated structure. The circuit has the characteristics of flexibility, slimness and miniaturization, so that the circuit can be placed on common electronic equipment, can be adhered and covered on other equipment in a conformal mode, can be implanted into a human body as a power supply circuit to supply power to other implanted medical equipment after sterilization treatment, and has a very wide application range.
The rf energy input part is designed by using a microstrip line, and the impedance of the microstrip line can be conveniently adjusted to a specific value (typically, the value is 50 ohms) so as to transmit rf energy to a subsequent circuit, and the microstrip line of the part has a width of 0.3 mm-0.9 mm and a length of 5 mm-20 mm.
The matching network module 2 matches the circuit impedance to a certain value (typically, this value is 50 ohms). When radio frequency signals with different frequencies and different powers are transmitted to the circuit, the impedance of the circuit is changed, so that the matching network module 2 is required to match the impedance of the whole circuit to a certain specific value (the value is 50 ohms in general), the transmitted radio frequency signals cannot be reflected, the radio frequency signals can completely enter the following rectifying circuit, the energy waste is reduced, and the energy collection efficiency of the circuit is improved. The common matching network module 2 performs impedance matching by using discrete elements such as capacitance and inductance, and the matching mode not only needs to additionally weld the discrete elements such as capacitance and inductance, but also needs to be debugged in a large amount to determine the optimal element, and the matching mode is time-consuming in welding, labor-consuming in debugging and high in cost. The matching network module 2 in the invention adopts a microstrip line matching mode, and the microstrip line optimal structure is determined by software simulation by loading the serial microstrip line branch 21 and/or the short circuit microstrip line branch 22 and/or the parallel microstrip line branch 23 and/or the coupling microstrip line branch 24, so that the whole input impedance of the circuit is matched to a specific value (usually 50 ohms), the produced circuit board does not need additional welding and debugging, the design and production difficulty is reduced, and the cost is saved.
The rectifier circuit converts an ac radio frequency signal into a dc signal, and in order to reduce the loss of radio frequency energy, a schottky diode having a low on-voltage is used as the rectifier diode. In addition, since the collected signals are radio frequency signals above 100MHz, a Schottky diode capable of operating at radio frequency should be selected. The more the rectifier diodes are used, the more the energy is consumed on the rectifier diodes, so that the energy collection efficiency is reduced, therefore, the rectifier circuit is designed in a mode of fig. 7, and two Schottky diodes are used as the rectifier diodes, so that the radio frequency energy can be converted into direct current energy, unnecessary energy loss can be reduced, and the energy collection efficiency is improved. The capacitor used by the rectifying circuit is a radio frequency capacitor packaged in a small volume, so that the size of the circuit can be reduced, and the circuit can work at radio frequency to realize the function of collecting radio frequency energy.
The radio frequency energy input module 1 and the matching network module 2 designed above can flexibly design corresponding circuits according to different frequencies and powers of radio frequency signals collected as required. Therefore, the circuit can collect radio frequency signals in a wide frequency range and a wide power range.
Taking 915MHz radio frequency signal energy collection as an example, when the load is a resistor of 510 ohms, the data analysis is carried out on the radio frequency energy collection circuit, and each item of data is as follows:
in the range of 10 dBm-30 dBm of input power, the real part of the input impedance of the radio frequency energy collection circuit is close to 50 ohms, the imaginary part is close to 0, the reflection coefficient is-13 dB to-17 dB, the radio frequency energy collection circuit has good impedance matching effect, radio frequency signals are transmitted to the rectification circuit, the energy collection efficiency is 50% -73%, and high-efficiency radio frequency energy collection is realized. The input impedance is 49.3+j, 12.7 ohms and the reflection coefficient is-18 dB calculated by 26dBm of input power, the output voltage loaded on the load is 12V, the energy collection efficiency reaches 71%, the output power reaches 282mW, the power supply requirement of low-power-consumption electronic equipment can be met, and the method has good engineering application value. Various simulation curves are shown in fig. 1-5.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an implantable medical device power supply circuit, using a miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit as described in example 1, where the load output module 4 of the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit is connected to an implantable medical device.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present application as a teaching, the related workers can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (8)
1. A miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit comprising:
the radio frequency energy input module (1), the matching network module (2), the rectifying circuit module (3) and the load output module (4) are formed on the circuit board and are electrically connected in sequence, and the circuit board is strip-shaped;
the radio frequency energy input module (1) is a rectangular microstrip line;
the matching network module (2) comprises a loading series microstrip line branch (21), a short circuit microstrip line branch (22), a parallel microstrip line branch (23) and a coupling microstrip line branch (24);
the loading serial microstrip line branch joint (21) is a rectangular microstrip line directly electrically connected with the radio frequency energy input module (1);
the short circuit microstrip line branch joint (22) is a microstrip line which extends from the side surface of the loading series microstrip line branch joint (21) and is connected with the loading series microstrip line branch joint (21) and the grounding end;
the parallel microstrip line branch joint (23) is a microstrip line which extends from the side surface of the loading serial microstrip line branch joint (21) and is connected with the loading serial microstrip line branch joint (21) in parallel;
the coupling microstrip line branch joint (24) is two parallel microstrip lines which are arranged beside the loading serial microstrip line branch joint (21) and are close to each other, and is positioned at two sides of the short-circuit microstrip line branch joint (22), and the coupling microstrip line branch joint (24) is not electrically connected with the loading serial microstrip line branch joint (21), the short-circuit microstrip line branch joint (22) and the parallel microstrip line branch joint (23);
the rectification circuit module (3) comprises a first capacitor (31), one end of the first capacitor (31) is electrically connected with the matching network module (2), the other end of the first capacitor (31) is electrically connected with a first branch line and a second branch line respectively, a first diode (32) is arranged on the first branch line, and a second capacitor (33) and a second diode (34) are arranged on the second branch line;
the load output module (4) is electrically connected with the first branch line and the second branch line and is used for being connected with a load to supply power to the load;
said method.
2. The miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, the radio frequency energy input module (1), the matching network module (2) and the wires for electrical connection which are formed on the circuit board in sequence are printed on the front face, and the rectifying circuit module (3) and the load output module (4) are arranged on the front face.
3. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of claim 2, wherein the ground is disposed on a backside of the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit.
4. The miniaturized radiofrequency energy harvesting circuit of claim 1, wherein the first diode (32) and the second diode (34) are schottky diodes.
5. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of claim 4 wherein the schottky diode operates at a frequency of 80-150MHz.
6. A miniaturized radiofrequency energy collection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the radiofrequency energy input module (1) has a width of 0.3mm to 0.9mm and a length of 5mm to 20mm.
7. The miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit of any of claims 1-5, wherein the miniaturized rf energy harvesting circuit has an impedance of 30-80 Ω.
8. An implantable medical device power supply circuit, characterized in that a miniaturized radiofrequency energy collection circuit according to any one of claims 1-7 is used, the load output module (4) of which is connected to an implantable medical device.
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| CN201911205811.4A CN110935098B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | Miniaturized radio frequency energy collection circuit and implantable medical device power supply circuit |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105915074A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier |
| CN106452117A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Broadband rectifier for radio frequency energy collecting system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105915074A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-08-31 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband high-efficiency microwave rectifier |
| CN106452117A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-02-22 | 重庆邮电大学 | Broadband rectifier for radio frequency energy collecting system |
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