CN110933769B - Multi-slot random pilot access system and method - Google Patents
Multi-slot random pilot access system and method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
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Abstract
The application relates to a multi-slot random pilot access system and a method. The system comprises: the wireless frame is divided into at least two subframes, and the number of time slots in the subframes is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment groups; the user equipment is used for randomly selecting pilot frequency through the time slot of the corresponding subframe of the equipment group to which the user equipment belongs and sending an access request to the base station through the pilot frequency; the base station is used for detecting the conflict situation of the pilot frequency after receiving the access request and returning the conflict information of the pilot frequency to the user equipment; the user equipment is also used for reselecting the pilot frequency through other time slots in the corresponding sub-frame according to the conflict information and sending the access request to the base station again; and the base station is also used for carrying out access recovery on the user equipment by utilizing a plurality of time slots of the subframe after receiving the access request again, and returning corresponding recovery information to the user equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a multi-slot random pilot access system, method, computer device, and storage medium.
Background
With the development of the technology of the internet of things, more and more user equipment can realize an intelligent function by accessing the internet of things. Different user equipments have different requirements on access delay. Some user equipment transmits key service information, for example, a vehicle navigation system or an automatic driving system in the internet of vehicles needs real-time road condition updating, has strict requirement on time delay and needs real-time quick access. Some user devices, such as passenger devices in the internet of vehicles, require only regular location information updates or entertainment information, and are not delay critical. When a small amount of user equipment accesses the Internet of things, fixed pilot frequency resources can be distributed to each piece of Internet of things equipment, so that the user equipment can access without conflict. However, in the future internet of things for large-scale Machine Type Communications (mtc), since the pilot frequency resources are limited, the manner of fixedly allocating the pilot frequency resources is not suitable for accessing massive user equipment, and the pilot frequency collision seriously affects the access of the user equipment to the internet of things. Therefore, in the internet of things for future large-scale machine communication, how to enable mass user equipment to be efficiently and reliably accessed into the internet of things becomes a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a multislot random pilot access system, a method, a computer device and a storage medium, which enable mass user equipment to efficiently and reliably access the internet of things in the future internet of things for large-scale machine communication.
A multi-slot random pilot access system, the system comprising: the wireless communication system comprises a plurality of user equipment and a base station, wherein at least two equipment groups are obtained by division according to access time delay of the plurality of user equipment, a wireless frame is divided into at least two subframes, the equipment groups and the subframes establish a corresponding relation, the subframes comprise a plurality of time slots, and the number of the time slots in the subframes is determined according to access failure probability corresponding to the equipment groups;
the user equipment is used for randomly selecting pilot frequency through the time slot of the corresponding subframe of the equipment group to which the user equipment belongs and sending an access request to the base station through the pilot frequency;
the base station is used for detecting the conflict situation of the pilot frequency after receiving the access request and returning the conflict information of the pilot frequency to the user equipment;
the user equipment is also used for sending an access request to the base station again through other time slot reselection pilot frequencies in corresponding sub-frames according to the conflict information;
and the base station is also used for performing access recovery on the user equipment by using the plurality of time slots of the subframe after receiving the access request again, and returning corresponding recovery information to the user equipment.
In one embodiment, the user equipment is further configured to perform pilot reselection among the vacant pilots and the conflicting pilots through other time slots of corresponding subframes when pilots collide, and send an access request to the base station again by using the reselected pilots.
In one embodiment, the device group comprises a first device group and a second device group; the sub-frames comprise a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame, and the user equipment in the first equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; and the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame and the time slot of the second sub-frame.
In one embodiment, the device group comprises a first device group and a second device group; the sub-frames comprise a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame, and the user equipment in the first equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; and the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the second sub-frame.
A multi-slot random pilot access method, the method comprising:
acquiring a plurality of user equipment, and dividing the user equipment into corresponding equipment groups according to access time delay corresponding to the user equipment;
dividing a wireless frame into at least two subframes, wherein each subframe comprises a plurality of time slots, and the number of the time slots in each subframe is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment group;
establishing a corresponding relation between the equipment group and the subframe;
distributing pilot frequency to the corresponding sub-frame according to the priority of the equipment group;
and simulating that the user equipment in the equipment group randomly selects a pilot frequency according to the time slot in the corresponding sub-frame, sending an access request to the base station through the pilot frequency, and when the pilot frequency conflict occurs, carrying out pilot frequency reselection on the user equipment which is not successfully accessed through other time slots in the sub-frame and sending the access request to the base station again.
In one embodiment, the device group comprises a first device group; the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the number of pilot frequencies, the proportion of the pilot frequencies distributed by the first equipment group in a first subframe, and the number of first users corresponding to the first equipment group;
calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group by using the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the first user quantity;
and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the first equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group.
In one embodiment, the device group comprises a first device group and a second device group; the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the number of second users corresponding to the second equipment group and the proportion of users accessed in the first subframe;
acquiring the number of pilot frequencies and the pilot frequency proportion of the first equipment group in a first subframe;
calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the second user quantity;
and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the time slot selection probability, the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the first subframe and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the second subframe.
In one embodiment, the device group comprises a first device group and a second device group; the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring the second user number and the pilot frequency number in the second equipment group;
calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the second user number and the pilot frequency number;
and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
calculating the throughput corresponding to the first equipment group by using the number of first users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the first equipment group;
calculating the throughput corresponding to the second equipment group by using the number of second users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the second equipment group;
and calculating the throughput corresponding to each time slot by using the throughput corresponding to the first equipment group and the throughput corresponding to the second equipment group.
A computer device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the various method embodiments described above when executing the computer program.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the respective method embodiment described above.
According to the multi-slot random pilot access system, the multi-slot random pilot access method, the computer equipment and the storage medium, the user equipment is divided into different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user equipment, and the corresponding relation between the equipment groups and the sub-frames is established, so that different pilot resources can be allocated to different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user. A device group with strict delay requirements may allocate more pilot resources. When the pilot frequency is selected to access the Internet of things through the time slot of the corresponding subframe, the user equipment with high access delay requirement can be quickly accessed to the Internet of things. The number of the time slots in each subframe is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment group, so that certain reliability can be ensured when massive user equipment is accessed to the Internet of things. Therefore, the user equipment can be efficiently and reliably accessed to the Internet of things in the future large-scale machine communication oriented Internet of things.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a multi-slot random pilot access system in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first access scheme in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a second access scheme in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for multi-slot random pilot access in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph illustrating a comparison of access failure probabilities of a high priority device group (first device group) for two access modes in an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing access failure probabilities of a low priority device group (second device group) for two access modes in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
A schematic diagram of a multi-slot random pilot access system provided in the present application can be shown in fig. 1. The system includes a plurality of user equipments 102 and a base station 104. The method comprises the steps that at least two equipment groups are obtained according to the access time delay division of a plurality of user equipment, a wireless frame is divided into at least two subframes, the equipment groups and the subframes establish a corresponding relation, the subframes comprise a plurality of time slots, and the number of the time slots in the subframes is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment groups. The user equipment 102 is configured to randomly select a pilot according to a time slot of a corresponding subframe of the device group to which the user equipment belongs, and send an access request to the base station 104 through the pilot. The base station 104 is configured to detect a collision situation of the pilots after receiving the access request, and return collision information of the pilots to the user equipment 102. The ue 102 is further configured to send an access request to the base station 104 again through the reselection pilot of the other timeslot in the corresponding subframe according to the collision information. The base station 104 is further configured to perform access recovery on the user equipment by using multiple slots of the subframe after receiving the access request again, and return corresponding recovery information to the user equipment 102.
In a massive MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) system, it is assumed that all User Equipments (UEs) are active devices, each UE has a corresponding access delay, and the UEs can be divided into different device groups according to the access delay.
In the related art, when the ue accesses the communication network, a pilot is randomly selected for packet transmission. Pilot collision is a common problem due to limited pilot resources. When large-scale user equipment is accessed, because the number of the pilot frequencies is far smaller than that of the user equipment, and the access time delay of different user equipment is not used, the shortage of the pilot frequency resources cannot achieve satisfactory access failure probability.
In this embodiment, a radio frame may be divided into at least two subframes in advance, and each subframe includes a certain number of slots. The number of time slots may be determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the device group. The access failure probability corresponding to different device groups is different, so the number of time slots of each subframe can be different. In one embodiment, the number of time slots corresponding to the first device group may be selected as the minimum number of access time slots when the probability of access failure of the first device group is upper. The number of time slots corresponding to the second device group may be the minimum number of access time slots when the access failure probability of the second device group is upper. Therefore, the analysis of the access time delay can be ensured under the condition of certain access reliability.
Each subframe and the equipment group establish a corresponding relationship in advance. For example, the first device group corresponds to a first subframe and the second device group corresponds to a second subframe. Or the second device group corresponds to the first subframe and the second subframe. Each device group is also respectively provided with a corresponding access mode. Since the device groups are divided according to the access delay, different pilot resources can be allocated to different device groups, and the first sub-frame and the second sub-frame are correspondingly allocated with different orthogonal pilot sets. Because the first device group has a higher requirement on access delay, in order to ensure that the user devices in the first device group can access quickly, more pilot frequency resources can be allocated to the users in the first device group, so as to alleviate pilot frequency collision.
When large-scale user equipment accesses a communication network, a plurality of user equipment compete for the same time slot, and in order to ensure the independence of transmission of each time slot, each user equipment can only request access at the starting moment of one time slot. When one of the user equipments is successful in election, the elected time slot can be accessed through one or more pilots. That is, the data packet in the user equipment is uploaded to the base station through the uplink channel through the pilot frequency, and an access request is sent to the base station. Wherein, the data packets uploaded by different user equipments are different. The content of the data packet may be determined according to the function of the user equipment.
The base station stores the corresponding relation between each subframe and the equipment group in advance. The user equipment generates an access request by combining the pilot frequency randomly selected by the first time slot in the first subframe with the data packet, and sends the access request to the base station. And after receiving the access request, the base station analyzes the access request to obtain a pilot frequency and a data packet. And the base station carries out channel estimation through an uplink channel where the time slot is located so as to detect the collision condition of each pilot frequency. The base station knows all pilot sequences, detects the energy intensity of each selected pilot by estimating corresponding information of an uplink channel, and judges whether the pilot is selected by a plurality of user equipment to cause pilot collision according to the energy intensity. And the base station generates pilot frequency conflict information by using the residual pilot frequency fine information and the access response information according to the pilot frequency conflict condition, and sends the conflict information to each user equipment through a downlink channel. And the user equipment in the equipment group receives pilot frequency collision information returned by the base station to carry out self pilot frequency collision detection, wherein the pilot frequency collision information comprises the signal intensity of the base station, and the user equipment compares the self signal intensity with the signal intensity of the base station to carry out self pilot frequency collision detection. If the pilot frequency is successfully accessed, the pilot frequency is kept silent in the subsequent multiple time slots, namely the access request is not continuously sent in the subsequent multiple time slots. And if the access is not successful, reselecting the pilot frequency in the rear pilot frequency set for transmission, and sending the reselected pilot frequency to the base station again to send the access request.
At the end of each subframe, the base station performs Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) to access and recover the ue in association with multiple timeslots. For the successfully recovered user equipment, the base station sends an ACK feedback signal to the user equipment, and the user equipment which obtains the ACK feedback signal is not accessed in the subsequent time slot. For the user equipment which is not successfully recovered (namely, the user equipment which is not successfully accessed), the base station sends a NACK feedback signal to the user equipment, the pilot needs to be randomly selected from the remaining pilots in the pilot set for retransmission, and the data packet is continuously sent to the base station through the pilot until the whole radio frame is finished. In the conventional SIC operation, first, a certain time slot where only one user equipment is accessed is located, so as to recover the information of the user equipment. In this embodiment, because the pilot frequency random access is performed, the first step of performing the SIC operation is to locate the pilot frequency selected by only one user equipment in each time slot, so as to recover the user equipment information, eliminate the pilot frequency information selected by the user equipment in other time slots, and perform the second iteration, thereby effectively eliminating interference and ensuring the stability of the recovery of the user equipment.
In this embodiment, the user equipment is divided into different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user equipment, and the corresponding relationship between the equipment groups and the subframes is established, so that different pilot resources can be allocated to different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user equipment. A device group with strict delay requirements may allocate more pilot resources. When the pilot frequency is selected to access the Internet of things through the time slot of the corresponding subframe, the user equipment with high access delay requirement can be quickly accessed to the Internet of things. The number of the time slots in each subframe is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment group, so that certain reliability can be ensured when massive user equipment is accessed to the Internet of things. Therefore, the user equipment can be efficiently and reliably accessed to the Internet of things in the future large-scale machine communication oriented Internet of things.
The latency requirement of the first device group is strict, and the latency requirement of the second device group is low. In order to ensure that the user equipment with strict requirements on the time delay accesses the internet of things quickly, the first equipment group may obtain more pilot resources than the second equipment group. The assignable pilot frequency set is a group of orthogonal sequences, a part of pilot frequencies in the pilot frequency set are assigned to a first equipment group, the rest of pilot frequency sequences are assigned to a second equipment group, and the pilot frequency sequences of the two equipment groups in a first subframe are different and orthogonal. The allocation of the pilot resources is related to the number of the user equipments and the overall load, and when the number of the user equipments in the first equipment group increases, the pilot resources allocated to the first equipment group also increases correspondingly. And the user equipment in the first equipment group is accessed in the first subframe, and is not accessed in the second subframe. The user equipment requests access at the starting moment of each time slot of the first subframe, and the independence of transmission of each time slot is ensured.
In one embodiment, the user equipments in the first equipment group are used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame and the time slot of the second sub-frame. This may also be referred to as the first access mode. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first access method. In fig. 2, a solid circle represents a user equipment which cannot be recovered, a dotted circle represents a user equipment which has been recovered, and a box represents a slot in a subframe. The first device group is denoted by L1, and the second device group is denoted by L2. As can be clearly seen from fig. 2, the user equipments in the first equipment group compete for the time slots in the first sub-frame, and the user equipments in the second equipment group compete for the time slots in the first sub-frame and the second sub-frame. Multiple user equipments in the first equipment group can compete for the same time slot, or individually select one time slot, randomly select one pilot frequency from the orthogonal pilot frequency set through the time slot, and send an access request to the base station through the selected pilot frequency. The base station returns an ACK feedback signal to the ue, indicating that the ue is successfully accessed as a recovered ue (a dashed circle in fig. 2), and does not continue to send an access request. When the pilot frequency collides, the base station returns a NACK feedback signal to the user equipment, which indicates that the user equipment has not been successfully accessed, and the NACK feedback signal is used as unrecoverable user equipment (a solid circle in fig. 2), continues to select the pilot frequency through other idle time slots in the first subframe, and sends an access request to the base station again. The user equipment in the second equipment group can select the idle time slot in the first sub-frame, and also can select the time slot in the second sub-frame, so as to randomly select a pilot frequency in the orthogonal pilot frequency set of the second equipment group through the time slot, and send the access request to the base station. Similarly, in fig. 2, a recovered ue is represented by a dashed circle, and a non-recovered ue is represented by an implementation circle. And the user equipment which cannot be recovered continuously selects a pilot frequency through the idle time slot in the first subframe or the idle time slot in the second subframe, and sends an access request to the base station again.
In another embodiment, the user equipment in the first device group is configured to select a pilot via a slot of the first sub-frame; the user equipments in the second device group are used to select the pilot by the time slot of the second sub-frame. This may also be referred to as a second access mode. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second access method. In fig. 3, a solid circle represents a user equipment which cannot be recovered, a dotted circle represents a user equipment which has been recovered, and a box represents a slot in a subframe. The first device group is denoted by L1 and the second device group is denoted by L2. User equipment in the first equipment group contends for a time slot in the first sub-frame, and user equipment in the second equipment group contends for a time slot in the second sub-frame. The user equipment in the first device group accesses the internet of things in the manner mentioned in fig. 2. And the user equipment in the second equipment group only selects the time slot in the second subframe, and accesses the Internet of things through the randomly selected pilot frequency.
The first access mode and the second access mode are both corresponding device groups divided according to the access delay of the user equipment, and the pilot frequency resources allocated to the first device group are more than the pilot frequency resources allocated to the second device group, so that the user equipment with high access delay requirement can be quickly accessed to the Internet of things. The number of the time slots in each subframe is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment group, so that certain reliability can be ensured when massive user equipment is accessed to the Internet of things. In the related art, different access priorities are provided for user equipments with unequal recovery time requirements (different access delays), and an and-or tree tool is used to derive an average access failure probability that users and time slots approach infinity, which is a progressive performance and an ideal result, and there is a certain difference from an actual result. In the embodiment, for limited pilot frequency resources, access calculation is performed by adopting the time slots, the number of user equipment and the access failure probability of equipment groups, and the real situation of loads in the internet of things facing future large-scale machine equipment communication is better met.
In an embodiment, the user equipment is further configured to, when the pilots collide, perform pilot reselection among the vacant pilots and the colliding pilots through other time slots of the corresponding subframe, and send the access request to the base station again by using the reselected pilots.
In the related art, when randomly selecting a pilot for access, an ACB (access class barring) check needs to be performed, that is, a certain number of user equipments are determined to perform pilot reselection according to the number of remaining pilots and user equipments reselecting the pilot, and only the user equipment passing the ACB check can reselect the pilot. The ACB checks impose certain restrictions on the access of the user equipment. In this embodiment, ACB verification is cancelled in the random pilot access, so that all user equipments that have not successfully elected a pilot can perform pilot reselection in the subsequent time slot under the condition of a high load. Under the condition of high load, the ACB check can only allow part of conflicting user equipment to carry out pilot frequency reselection, and after the ACB check is cancelled, all the conflicting user equipment can try to access again through the pilot frequency reselection, so that the possibility of successful access is improved.
In the related art, when the remaining pilots are reselected, only the spare pilots are reselected. In this embodiment, when performing pilot reselection among the remaining pilots, performing pilot reselection among the spare pilots and the conflicting pilots is included. The situation of collision of the same pilot in each time slot may be different, and as long as there is no collision of the pilots in one time slot, the pilots can be used for access of the user equipment. And the pilot frequency conflicts in the first time slot, which does not represent that the conflict also happens in the later time slot, so that the conflict pilot frequency is added into the reselection range, the pilot frequency resource during the reselection pilot frequency access is increased to a certain extent, the pilot frequency conflict condition is effectively improved, and the successful access probability of the conflict user equipment is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a multi-slot random pilot access method is provided, which is exemplified by being applied to a computer device, and includes the following steps:
And step 408, distributing the pilot frequency to the corresponding sub-frame according to the priority of the equipment group.
In the future-oriented internet of things for large-scale Machine Type Communications (mtc), the condition that a multi-slot random pilot access system accesses mass user equipment can be simulated by computer equipment. It is assumed that all User Equipments (UEs) are active devices. Each user equipment has corresponding access time delay, and the computer equipment can divide the user equipment into different equipment groups according to the access time delay. For example, the user equipment with high access delay requirement may be divided into a high priority device group, which may also be referred to as a first device group. The user equipment with low access delay requirement is divided into a low priority equipment group, which can also be called a second equipment group.
A computer device divides a radio frame into at least two subframes, each subframe containing a certain number of slots. The number of time slots may be determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the device group. The access failure probability corresponding to different device groups is different, so the number of time slots of each subframe can be different.
The computer equipment establishes a corresponding relation between each subframe and the equipment group. For example, the first device group corresponds to a first subframe and the second device group corresponds to a second subframe. Or the second device group corresponds to the first subframe and the second subframe. Each device group is also respectively provided with a corresponding access mode. Since the device groups are divided according to the access delay, different pilot resources can be allocated to different device groups, and the first sub-frame and the second sub-frame are correspondingly allocated with different orthogonal pilot sets. Because the first device group has a higher requirement on access delay, in order to ensure that the user devices in the first device group can access quickly, more pilot frequency resources can be allocated to the users in the first device group, so as to alleviate pilot frequency collision. In one embodiment, the user equipments in the first equipment group are used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame and the time slot of the second sub-frame. This may also be referred to as the first access mode. In another embodiment, the user equipment in the first device group is configured to select a pilot via a slot of the first sub-frame; the user equipments in the second device group are used to select the pilot by the time slot of the second sub-frame. This may also be referred to as a second access mode.
The computer device can simulate the access mode of the multi-slot random pilot access system in the above embodiment, and the user devices in the simulated device group randomly select the pilot according to the slots in the corresponding sub-frames and send the access request to the base station through the pilot. And the base station carries out channel estimation through the uplink channel where the time slot is located after receiving the access request so as to detect the conflict situation of each pilot frequency. And sending the conflict information to each user equipment through a downlink channel. And the user equipment in the equipment group receives the pilot frequency collision information returned by the base station to carry out self pilot frequency collision detection. If the pilot frequency is successfully accessed, the pilot frequency is kept silent in the subsequent multiple time slots, namely the access request is not continuously sent in the subsequent multiple time slots. And if the access is not successful, reselecting the pilot frequency in the rear pilot frequency set for transmission, and sending the reselected pilot frequency to the base station again to send the access request.
At the end of each subframe, the base station performs Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) to access and recover the ue in association with multiple timeslots. For the successfully recovered user equipment, the base station sends an ACK feedback signal to the user equipment, and the user equipment which obtains the ACK feedback signal is not accessed in the subsequent time slot. For the user equipment which is not successfully recovered (namely, the user equipment which is not successfully accessed), the base station sends a NACK feedback signal to the user equipment, the pilot needs to be randomly selected from the remaining pilots in the pilot set for retransmission, and the data packet is continuously sent to the base station through the pilot until the whole radio frame is finished.
In this embodiment, the user equipment is divided into different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user equipment, and the corresponding relationship between the equipment groups and the subframes is established, so that different pilot resources can be allocated to different equipment groups according to the access delay of the user equipment. A device group with strict delay requirements may allocate more pilot resources. When the pilot frequency is selected to access the Internet of things through the time slot of the corresponding subframe, the user equipment with high access delay requirement can be quickly accessed to the Internet of things. The number of the time slots in each subframe is determined according to the access failure probability corresponding to the equipment group, so that certain reliability can be ensured when massive user equipment is accessed to the Internet of things. Therefore, the user equipment can be efficiently and reliably accessed to the Internet of things in the future large-scale machine communication oriented Internet of things.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring the number of pilot frequencies, the proportion of the pilot frequencies distributed by the first equipment group in the first subframe and the number of first users corresponding to the first equipment group; calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group by using the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the first user quantity; and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the first equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group.
The pilot ratio allocated by the first device group in the first subframe refers to a ratio of the number of pilots allocated by the first device group in the first subframe to the total number of pilots. The pilot ratio may be adjusted accordingly as the user equipment in the first device group changes. As the user equipment increases, the pilot ratio may increase. Therefore, the user equipment with strict access delay requirement in the first equipment group can be ensured to be quickly accessed into the Internet of things.
The number of the first users corresponding to the first device group is the number of the user devices in the first device group. When calculating the slot selection probability of the user equipment in the first device group, each user equipment can be regarded as a variable node, and two results of pilot access of each user equipment can be found by calculating the degree of the variable node. The user equipment selects the conflict-free pilot frequency, and the base station executes SIC to successfully recover the user equipment, wherein the variable node degree represented by the user equipment is 1. If the user equipment generates pilot collision during access and needs to perform pilot reselection in a subsequent time slot. Utilizing the IRSA finite length analysis tool, utilizing the time slot selection probability and the time slot of the user equipment in the first equipment group (the user equipment in the first equipment group is in the delta N of the first sub-frame 11 probability of access failure in a time slot, where Δ N1The number of time slots of the first subframe) the access failure probability calculates the access failure probability corresponding to the first device group.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring the number of second users corresponding to the second equipment group and the proportion of users accessed in the first subframe; acquiring the number of pilot frequencies and the pilot frequency proportion of a first equipment group in a first subframe; calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the second user quantity; and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the time slot selection probability, the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the first subframe and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the second subframe.
In this embodiment, the access failure probability corresponding to the second device group may be calculated by using the first access method. The second device group can select the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame and the time slot of the second sub-frame, wherein the time slot number of the first sub-frame is delta N1The number of slots of the second subframe is DeltaN2The probability of the access failure of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the time slot of the first subframe is delta N1-1 probability of slot access failure, the probability of slot access failure of a user equipment in the second device group in the second subframe being Δ N for a user equipment in the second device group2-1 probability of access failure in a slot.
And the computer equipment calculates the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group by utilizing the second user number corresponding to the second equipment group, the user ratio, the pilot frequency number, the pilot frequency ratio and the second user number accessed in the first subframe. And calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group by using the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the first subframe and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the second subframe by using an IRSA finite length analysis tool. Thereby obtaining the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group in the first access mode.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: acquiring a second user number and a pilot frequency number in a second equipment group; calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the number of the second users and the number of the pilot frequencies; and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group.
In the second access mode, since the user equipment in the second equipment group selects the pilot access only through the time slot of the second subframe, the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group can be calculated only by using the parameter related to the second time slot.
In the first access mode and the second access mode, the ue in the first device group only selects the pilot access through the timeslot of the first subframe, and therefore, the ue performs calculation by using the above embodiment, and in the two access modes, the access failure probabilities corresponding to the first device group are the same, and the access failure probabilities corresponding to the second device group are different. The access failure probability corresponding to the first device group is shown in formula (1), the access failure probability corresponding to the second device group in the first access mode is shown in formula (2), and the access failure probability corresponding to the second device group in the second access mode is shown in formula (3):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the access failure probability corresponding to the first device group,
a corresponding access failure probability for the second device group,
is a first equipment group variableA node degree value of DeltaN1Probability of (slot selection probability of user equipments within the first device group),
a probability is selected for the time slot of the user equipment corresponding to the second device group,
probability of slot access failure for user equipment within the first device group,
the probability of failed slot access of the user equipment in the second equipment group, alpha is the proportion of users accessed in the first sub-frame in the second equipment group, beta is the proportion of pilot frequency in the first sub-frame in the first equipment group,
τpto the number of pilots, K2A second number of users within a second device group.
By calculating the access failure probability corresponding to different access mode equipment groups, the time slot number corresponding to each subframe can be effectively determined. In one embodiment, the number of time slots corresponding to the first device group may be selected as the minimum number of access time slots when the probability of access failure of the first device group is upper. The number of time slots corresponding to the second device group may be the minimum number of access time slots when the access failure probability of the second device group is upper. And the corresponding access failure probabilities of the second equipment group are different under different access modes. Therefore, under different access modes, different slot numbers can be set for the second subframe. The time slot number of the sub-frame is obtained by calculating the access failure probability corresponding to each equipment group, so that the access reliability of the user equipment can be effectively improved.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: calculating the throughput corresponding to the first equipment group by using the number of first users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the first equipment group; calculating the throughput corresponding to the second equipment group by using the number of second users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the second equipment group; and calculating the throughput corresponding to each time slot by using the throughput corresponding to the first device group and the throughput corresponding to the second device group.
In the first access method and the second access method, the ue in the first device group only selects pilot access through the timeslot of the first subframe, so the calculation is performed by using the above embodiment, and in the two access methods, the throughput corresponding to the first device group is the same, and the throughput corresponding to the second device group is different. The throughput corresponding to the first device group may be the number of user devices successfully accessed per slot in the first subframe by the first device group on average. In the first access mode, the throughput corresponding to the second device group may be the number of user devices successfully accessed in each slot by the second device group in the first subframe and the second subframe, on average. In the second access mode, the throughput corresponding to the second device group may be the number of user devices successfully accessed in each slot in the second subframe of the second device group.
Wherein the throughput T corresponding to the first device group1As shown in formula (4), the throughput T corresponding to the second device group in the first access mode2As shown in equation (5), the throughput T corresponding to each slot is shown in equation (6). Throughput T corresponding to the second device group in the second access mode2As shown in equation (7), the throughput T corresponding to each slot is shown in equation (8).
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 4 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 4 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
Through the embodiments, in the internet of things facing future large-scale Machine communication (mtc for short), for accessing of mass internet of things devices with Unequal Recovery Time (URT) requirements (Access delay), a scheme of Multi-Slot Random Pilot Access (URT-JRPMSA) with URT capability is provided. The first access mode can be called URT-JRPMSAI, and the second access mode can be called URT-JRPMSAI.
Fig. 5 is a comparison graph of access failure probabilities of a high-priority device group (first device group) in two access modes. Compared with the URT-JRPMSA II scheme (second access mode), since the low-priority user equipment (user equipment in the second device group) is accessed in the first subframe in the URT-JRPMSA I scheme (first access mode), and the number of pilots allocated to the high-priority device group (first device group) is not all the pilots but part of the pilots, the access performance of the high-priority device group in the URT-JRPMSA I scheme is reduced.
Fig. 6 is a comparison of access failure probabilities of a low priority device group (second device group) in two access modes. Compared with the URT-JRPMSA II scheme (the second access mode), because partial proportion of low-priority users are accessed in the first subframe in the URT-JRPMSA I scheme (the first access mode), and all the users of the low-priority equipment group are accessed in the second subframe, the number of access time slots of the low-priority equipment group is increased, the effect of SIC recovery when the second subframe is finished is improved, and the access performance of the low-priority equipment group is enhanced.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, the internal structure of which may be as shown in FIG. 7. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, and a database connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used for storing information such as access delay of the user equipment. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a multi-slot random pilot access method.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 7 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the above-described method embodiments when the processor executes the computer program.
In an embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the respective method embodiment as described above.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-slot random pilot access system, the system comprising: the wireless communication system comprises a plurality of user equipment and a base station, wherein at least two equipment groups are obtained by division according to access time delay of the plurality of user equipment, a wireless frame is divided into at least two subframes, the equipment groups and the subframes establish a corresponding relation, the subframes comprise a plurality of time slots, and the number of the time slots in the subframes is the minimum number of access time slots corresponding to the condition that the access failure probability of the equipment groups reaches an upper limit; the device group comprises a first device group; the access failure probability corresponding to the first equipment group is obtained by calculation according to the time slot selection probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group; the time slot selection probability is calculated by using the number of pilot frequencies, the proportion of the pilot frequencies distributed by the first equipment group in the first subframe and the number of first users corresponding to the first equipment group;
the user equipment is used for randomly selecting pilot frequency through the time slot of the corresponding subframe of the equipment group to which the user equipment belongs and sending an access request to the base station through the pilot frequency;
the base station is used for detecting the conflict situation of the pilot frequency after receiving the access request and returning the conflict information of the pilot frequency to the user equipment;
the user equipment is also used for sending an access request to the base station again through other time slot reselection pilot frequencies in corresponding sub-frames according to the conflict information;
and the base station is also used for performing access recovery on the user equipment by using the plurality of time slots of the subframe after receiving the access request again, and returning corresponding recovery information to the user equipment.
2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the ue is further configured to perform pilot reselection among the idle pilots and the conflicting pilots through other time slots of corresponding sub-frames when pilots collide, and send the access request to the base station again by using the reselected pilots.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the device group further comprises a second device group; the sub-frames comprise a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame, and the user equipment in the first equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; and the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame and the time slot of the second sub-frame.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the device group further comprises a second device group; the sub-frames comprise a first sub-frame and a second sub-frame, and the user equipment in the first equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the first sub-frame; and the user equipment in the second equipment group is used for selecting the pilot frequency through the time slot of the second sub-frame.
5. A multi-slot random pilot access method, the method comprising:
acquiring a plurality of user equipment, and dividing the user equipment into corresponding equipment groups according to access time delay corresponding to the user equipment;
if the equipment group comprises a first equipment group, acquiring the number of pilot frequencies, the proportion of the pilot frequencies distributed by the first equipment group in a first subframe, and the number of first users corresponding to the first equipment group; calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group by using the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the first user quantity; calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the first equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the first equipment group;
dividing a wireless frame into at least two subframes, wherein each subframe comprises a plurality of time slots, and the number of the time slots in each subframe is the minimum access time slot number corresponding to the condition that the access failure probability of the equipment group reaches the upper limit;
establishing a corresponding relation between the equipment group and the subframe;
distributing pilot frequency to the corresponding sub-frame according to the priority of the equipment group;
and simulating that the user equipment in the equipment group randomly selects a pilot frequency according to the time slot in the corresponding sub-frame, sending an access request to the base station through the pilot frequency, and when the pilot frequency conflict occurs, carrying out pilot frequency reselection on the user equipment which is not successfully accessed through other time slots in the sub-frame and sending the access request to the base station again.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if the equipment group comprises a first equipment group and a second equipment group, acquiring a second user number corresponding to the second equipment group and a user proportion accessed in a first subframe;
acquiring the number of pilot frequencies and the pilot frequency proportion of the first equipment group in a first subframe;
calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the pilot frequency quantity, the pilot frequency proportion and the second user quantity;
and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the user proportion, the time slot selection probability, the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the first subframe and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group in the second subframe.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if the equipment group comprises a first equipment group and a second equipment group, acquiring the second user number and the pilot frequency number in the second equipment group;
calculating the time slot selection probability of the user equipment corresponding to the second equipment group according to the second user number and the pilot frequency number;
and calculating the access failure probability corresponding to the second equipment group according to the time slot selection probability and the time slot access failure probability of the user equipment in the second equipment group.
8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
if the equipment group comprises a first equipment group and a second equipment group, calculating the throughput corresponding to the first equipment group by using the number of first users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the first equipment group;
calculating the throughput corresponding to the second equipment group by using the number of second users, the access failure probability and the time slot number corresponding to the second equipment group;
and calculating the throughput corresponding to each time slot by using the throughput corresponding to the first equipment group and the throughput corresponding to the second equipment group.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 5 to 8 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 5 to 8.
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