CN110933588A - Method for simplifying five-loudspeaker system into four-loudspeaker system - Google Patents
Method for simplifying five-loudspeaker system into four-loudspeaker system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110933588A CN110933588A CN201911215186.1A CN201911215186A CN110933588A CN 110933588 A CN110933588 A CN 110933588A CN 201911215186 A CN201911215186 A CN 201911215186A CN 110933588 A CN110933588 A CN 110933588A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
- H04S3/02—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic of the matrix type, i.e. in which input signals are combined algebraically, e.g. after having been phase shifted with respect to each other
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
- H04S3/008—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic in which the audio signals are in digital form, i.e. employing more than two discrete digital channels
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simplifying a five-loudspeaker system into a four-loudspeaker system, which comprises the steps of obtaining position information and signal information of loudspeaker groups in the original five-loudspeaker system, and rebuilding position information of sampling points of listening areas of the position information of the loudspeaker groups in the four-loudspeaker system; obtaining a distribution coefficient matrix of each loudspeaker in the five-loudspeaker system distributed to 4 loudspeakers in the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system through calculation; for solving the signal resulting in the final assignment of 4 loudspeakers in a four-loudspeaker system. The method for simplifying the five-loudspeaker system into the four-loudspeaker system not only ensures that the sound pressure and the proton speed directions at the listening point before and after replacement are unchanged, but also ensures that the error of the proton speed before and after replacement is minimum, is favorable for improving the effect of synthesizing a virtual sound source, can simplify a multi-channel system comprising any plurality of loudspeakers, has good universality and has important market value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loudspeakers, in particular to a method for simplifying a five-loudspeaker system into a four-loudspeaker system.
Background
With the development of three-dimensional television and three-dimensional movie technologies, three-dimensional audio technology has become a research hotspot in the multimedia field. Three-dimensional panning is a technique for creating a virtual sound source using several loudspeakers in a three-dimensional sound field. Among the three-dimensional translation methods, a vector based amplitude translation technique (abbreviated as VBAP) is widely recognized. In the three-dimensional VBAP, a virtual sound source is synthesized by using three speakers, a starting point is at a listening point, and a unit vector of an end point at a position where the virtual sound source is located can be linearly represented by using another three vectors (each vector has a starting point at the listening point and an end point at the position where the speaker corresponding to each vector is located, and has a length of 1). The coefficients represented by the three vectors are normalized and used as weighting coefficients to distribute the signal of the virtual sound source to the three loudspeakers corresponding to the representation vectors. If the number of the loudspeakers used for representing the virtual sound source is more than three, the VBAP technology divides the whole reconstructed loudspeaker space into a plurality of subspaces according to three loudspeaker groups, and signal distribution is carried out in each subspace according to the VBAP.
5.1 multichannel systems were once a very popular home cinema sound system. However, with the development of 3D video technology, higher requirements are put on audio technology, and now multichannel audio research is focused on more advanced systems with more channels, which can provide people with better immersion. For example, the 22.2 multichannel system of japan broadcasting association laboratories has been used for ultra high definition television distribution. This advanced multi-channel system requires that the speakers be placed according to their own unique speaker placement method to produce the best sound results. Although 24 speakers can be placed in the theater in an optimal way, placement is cumbersome for home use. "downmix" is a good way of reducing the loudspeaker channels in a multi-channel system. Downmix from 5.1 to two-channel stereo or mono has been standardized by ITU-R Recommendation and used for some television receivers. Although this downmixing method is very efficient, it is not applicable to any number of speaker configurations. In order to make the down-mixing between multiple systems feasible, a new sound field reconstruction or transformation technique is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for simplifying a five-speaker system into a four-speaker system, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for simplifying a five-loudspeaker system into a four-loudspeaker system comprises the following steps:
s1: extracting information: let 5 speakers Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be included in the original five-speaker system, 4 speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 be included in the reconstructed four-speaker system, and let the speaker original signals of the speaker groups to be replaced Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be signals of the speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 of the replacement speaker group respectively as signals to be solved, which are recorded as:
acquiring position information and signal information of loudspeaker groups in an original five-loudspeaker system, and reconstructing position information of sampling points of listening areas of the position information of the loudspeaker groups in a four-loudspeaker system;
the listening area sampling point position information comprises position information of the central listening area sampling points, wherein d is 1,2 and … s, and position information of the non-central listening area sampling points d is 1,2 and … s, and s is a preset number of sampling points;
s2: the distribution coefficient matrix D used for calculating and obtaining the distribution coefficient matrix D of each loudspeaker in the five-loudspeaker system to 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the reconstruction four-loudspeaker system is as follows,
D＝(V r1 HV r1+γI)-1V r1 HV r0；
wherein H represents Hermite conjugate transpose; gamma represents a regularization factor; i represents an identity matrix; -1 represents a matrix inversion operation; wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point is represented, and h is 1,2, …, m; representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable at the sampling point for loudspeaker Ldoq, q being 1,2, …, n; dqh denotes a signal distribution coefficient for distributing the speaker Ldoh signal to the speaker Ldrq; vr0 and Vr1 represent matrixes formed by intermediate variables of radial proton velocity components of the original five-loudspeaker system and the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system respectively;
s3: the method is used for solving and obtaining signals finally distributed by 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the four-loudspeaker system, wherein the signals are fs1, fs2, fs3 and fs4 respectively.
Further, S1 specifically includes: setting the loudspeaker groups in the original five-loudspeaker system and the loudspeaker groups in the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system to be positioned on the same spherical surface, wherein the spherical center position of the spherical surface is a central listening point O; the acquisition mode of the position information of the sampling points of the listening area is as follows:
constructing a three-dimensional spherical central listening area by taking a central listening point O as a center, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the central listening area, and acquiring position information d of sampling points of the central listening area as 1,2 and … s; and taking the non-central listening point N as a center, constructing a three-dimensional spherical non-central listening area, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the non-central listening area, and acquiring the position information d of sampling points of the non-central listening area as 1,2, … s, wherein s is the preset number of the sampling points.
Furthermore, the radius f of the central listening area is the frequency of the sound signal, c is the propagation speed of the sound in the air, and n is the number of speakers in the reconstruction four-speaker system; the central listening area has the same radius as the non-central listening areas.
Further, in S2, the radial proton velocity component generated by the single speaker Ldoh, h is 1,2, …, m at the sampling point d of the center listening area V0 is 1,2, … S in the original five-speaker system,
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoh on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at a sampling point;
represents the loudspeaker Ldoh signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point;
a unit vector representing the radial inward direction in the central listening area V0;
h is 1,2, …, m represents inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air;
reconstructing the radial proton velocity component produced by a single loudspeaker Ldrq, q 1,2, …, n at a sampling point d 1,2, … s in the non-center listening area V1 in a four-loudspeaker system is:
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoq on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
representing the loudspeaker Ldrq signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
represents a radially inward facing unit vector in the non-central listening area V1;
q is 1,2, …, n represents the inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for simplifying the five-loudspeaker system into the four-loudspeaker system not only ensures that the sound pressure and the proton speed directions at the listening point before and after replacement are unchanged, but also ensures that the error of the proton speed before and after replacement is minimum, is favorable for improving the effect of synthesizing a virtual sound source, can simplify a multi-channel system comprising any plurality of loudspeakers, has good universality and has important market value.
Detailed Description
The following examples will explain the present invention in detail, however, the present invention is not limited thereto. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in the embodiment of the invention: the method for simplifying a five-loudspeaker system into a four-loudspeaker system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: extracting information: let 5 speakers Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be included in the original five-speaker system, 4 speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 be included in the reconstructed four-speaker system, and let the speaker original signals of the speaker groups to be replaced Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be signals of the speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 of the replacement speaker group respectively as signals to be solved, which are recorded as:
acquiring position information and signal information of loudspeaker groups in an original five-loudspeaker system, and reconstructing position information of sampling points of listening areas of the position information of the loudspeaker groups in a four-loudspeaker system;
the listening area sampling point position information comprises position information of the central listening area sampling points, wherein d is 1,2 and … s, and position information of the non-central listening area sampling points d is 1,2 and … s, and s is a preset number of sampling points;
the second step is that: the distribution coefficient matrix D used for calculating and obtaining the distribution coefficient matrix D of each loudspeaker in the five-loudspeaker system to 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the reconstruction four-loudspeaker system is as follows,
D＝(V r1 HV r1+γI)-1V r1 HV r0；
wherein H represents Hermite conjugate transpose; gamma represents a regularization factor; i represents an identity matrix; -1 represents a matrix inversion operation; wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point is represented, and h is 1,2, …, m; representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable at the sampling point for loudspeaker Ldoq, q being 1,2, …, n; dqh denotes a signal distribution coefficient for distributing the speaker Ldoh signal to the speaker Ldrq; vr0 and Vr1 represent matrixes formed by intermediate variables of radial proton velocity components of the original five-loudspeaker system and the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system respectively;
the third step: the method is used for solving and obtaining signals finally distributed by 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the four-loudspeaker system, wherein the signals are fs1, fs2, fs3 and fs4 respectively.
In the above embodiment, the first step specifically is: setting the loudspeaker groups in the original five-loudspeaker system and the loudspeaker groups in the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system to be positioned on the same spherical surface, wherein the spherical center position of the spherical surface is a central listening point O; the acquisition mode of the position information of the sampling points of the listening area is as follows:
constructing a three-dimensional spherical central listening area by taking a central listening point O as a center, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the central listening area, and acquiring position information d of sampling points of the central listening area as 1,2 and … s; and taking the non-central listening point N as a center, constructing a three-dimensional spherical non-central listening area, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the non-central listening area, and acquiring the position information d of sampling points of the non-central listening area as 1,2, … s, wherein s is the preset number of the sampling points.
In the above embodiment, the radius f of the central listening area is the frequency of the sound signal, c is the propagation velocity of the sound in the air, and n is the number of speakers in the reconstructed four-speaker system; the central listening area has the same radius as the non-central listening areas.
In the above embodiment, in the second step, the radial proton velocity component generated by the single speaker Ldoh, h is 1,2, … in the original five-speaker system at the sampling point d of the center listening area V0 is 1,2, … s,
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoh on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at a sampling point;
represents the loudspeaker Ldoh signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point;
a unit vector representing the radial inward direction in the central listening area V0;
h is 1,2, …, m represents inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air;
reconstructing the radial proton velocity component produced by a single loudspeaker Ldrq, q 1,2, …, n at a sampling point d 1,2, … s in the non-center listening area V1 in a four-loudspeaker system is:
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoq on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
representing the loudspeaker Ldrq signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
represents a radially inward facing unit vector in the non-central listening area V1;
q is 1,2, …, n represents the inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air.
Example two:
based on the first embodiment, a method for simplifying a five-speaker system into a four-speaker system is provided, which includes the following steps:
step 1, a replaced four-speaker system is designed to comprise four speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4, the four speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 are synthesized into a signal distributed by a virtual sound source, the virtual sound source is simulated by using one speaker Sp0, the four speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, Sp4 and the virtual sound source Sp0 are all located on the same spherical surface, and the spherical center position of the spherical surface is a receiving point; the method comprises the following steps:
step 101, judging the position relationship between the virtual sound source and the replacement speaker group, and confirming that the virtual sound source Sp0 is positioned in a spherical polygonal area formed by four speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp 4;
102, obtaining position information of a virtual sound source Sp0 and four loudspeakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp 4;
103, calculating and determining initial distribution coefficients of the four loudspeakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 respectively, and determining corresponding final distribution coefficients c1, c2, c3 and c 4;
step 104, multiplying the signals of the virtual sound source Sp0 by the final distribution coefficients c1, c2, c3 and c4 obtained in the step 103 respectively, distributing the signals to corresponding speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4, and deleting the virtual sound source Sp 0;
and 2, calculating signals of the speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 of a four-speaker system comprising four speakers Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 respectively, wherein the calculation method is to add the original signals of a single speaker to the corresponding signals obtained by the allocation of the speaker in the step 1.
In summary, the following steps: the method for simplifying the five-loudspeaker system into the four-loudspeaker system not only ensures that the sound pressure and the proton speed directions at the listening point before and after replacement are unchanged, but also ensures that the error of the proton speed before and after replacement is minimum, is favorable for improving the effect of synthesizing a virtual sound source, can simplify a multi-channel system comprising any plurality of loudspeakers, has good universality and has important market value.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for simplifying a five-loudspeaker system into a four-loudspeaker system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: extracting information: let 5 speakers Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be included in the original five-speaker system, 4 speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 be included in the reconstructed four-speaker system, and let the speaker original signals of the speaker groups to be replaced Ldo1, Ldo2, Ldo3, Ldo4, Ldo5 be signals of the speakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3, Ldr4 of the replacement speaker group respectively as signals to be solved, which are recorded as:
acquiring position information and signal information of loudspeaker groups in an original five-loudspeaker system, and reconstructing position information of sampling points of listening areas of the position information of the loudspeaker groups in a four-loudspeaker system;
the listening area sampling point position information comprises position information of the central listening area sampling points, wherein d is 1,2 and … s, and position information of the non-central listening area sampling points d is 1,2 and … s, and s is a preset number of sampling points;
s2: the distribution coefficient matrix D used for calculating and obtaining the distribution coefficient matrix D of each loudspeaker in the five-loudspeaker system to 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the reconstruction four-loudspeaker system is as follows,
D＝(V r1 HV r1+γI)-1V r1 HV r0；
wherein H represents Hermite conjugate transpose; gamma represents a regularization factor; i represents an identity matrix; -1 represents a matrix inversion operation; wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point is represented, and h is 1,2, …, m; representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable at the sampling point for loudspeaker Ldoq, q being 1,2, …, n; dqh denotes a signal distribution coefficient for distributing the speaker Ldoh signal to the speaker Ldrq; vr0 and Vr1 represent matrixes formed by intermediate variables of radial proton velocity components of the original five-loudspeaker system and the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system respectively;
s3: the method is used for solving and obtaining signals finally distributed by 4 loudspeakers Ldr1, Ldr2, Ldr3 and Ldr4 in the four-loudspeaker system, wherein the signals are fs1, fs2, fs3 and fs4 respectively.
2. The method for reducing a five-speaker system into a four-speaker system as claimed in claim 1, wherein S1 specifically includes: setting the loudspeaker groups in the original five-loudspeaker system and the loudspeaker groups in the reconstructed four-loudspeaker system to be positioned on the same spherical surface, wherein the spherical center position of the spherical surface is a central listening point O; the acquisition mode of the position information of the sampling points of the listening area is as follows:
constructing a three-dimensional spherical central listening area by taking a central listening point O as a center, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the central listening area, and acquiring position information d of sampling points of the central listening area as 1,2 and … s; and taking the non-central listening point N as a center, constructing a three-dimensional spherical non-central listening area, uniformly sampling on the spherical surface of the non-central listening area, and acquiring the position information d of sampling points of the non-central listening area as 1,2, … s, wherein s is the preset number of the sampling points.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the central listening area radius f is the sound signal frequency, c is the speed of sound propagation through air, and n is the number of speakers in the reconstructed four-speaker system; the central listening area has the same radius as the non-central listening areas.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in S2, radial proton velocity components are generated at sampling points d of 1,2, … S of single speakers Ldoh, h 1,2, …, m in the original five-speaker system at the center listening area V0,
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoh on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at a sampling point;
represents the loudspeaker Ldoh signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoh at the sampling point;
a unit vector representing the radial inward direction in the central listening area V0;
h is 1,2, …, m represents inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air;
reconstructing the radial proton velocity component produced by a single loudspeaker Ldrq, q 1,2, …, n at a sampling point d 1,2, … s in the non-center listening area V1 in a four-loudspeaker system is:
wherein, the corresponding radial proton velocity component of the loudspeaker Ldoq on the sampling point is shown;
representing the corresponding radial proton velocity component intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
representing the loudspeaker Ldrq signal;
representing the corresponding proton velocity intermediate variable of the loudspeaker Ldoq at the sampling point;
represents a radially inward facing unit vector in the non-central listening area V1;
q is 1,2, …, n represents the inner product; e is a mathematical constant; j is the imaginary unit; k is the wave number, f is the sound signal frequency; c is the speed of sound propagation in air.
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