CN110932610A - Synchronous control method and system for double asynchronous motors - Google Patents

Synchronous control method and system for double asynchronous motors Download PDF

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CN110932610A
CN110932610A CN201911323454.1A CN201911323454A CN110932610A CN 110932610 A CN110932610 A CN 110932610A CN 201911323454 A CN201911323454 A CN 201911323454A CN 110932610 A CN110932610 A CN 110932610A
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asynchronous
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CN110932610B (en
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卜云
王浩陈
魏海峰
张懿
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Shandong Huapute Motor Co ltd
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P5/00Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors
    • H02P5/74Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of two or more electric motors controlling two or more ac dynamo-electric motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/01Asynchronous machines

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Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor, which obtains parameters such as an excitation resistor, a stator power factor and the like from technical data of two controlled asynchronous motors. And (3) enabling the asynchronous motors to be locked, setting direct current voltage and voltage on two sides of an excitation resistor, and calculating the rotor resistance reduced value of the two asynchronous motors according to an equivalent circuit model during locked rotor. The two asynchronous motors are enabled to normally and synchronously run, parameters such as stator phase voltage, stator phase current, exciting current and the like are obtained, and the real-time slip ratio of the two asynchronous motors is calculated. And determining one asynchronous motor as a tracking motor and the other asynchronous motor as a tracked motor, and adjusting the output frequency of the rotating speed tracking motor by utilizing PI operation according to the real-time slip ratio of the two asynchronous motors to realize rotating speed synchronization. The method reduces hardware cost, is simple in control method, and improves stability and accuracy of measured data.

Description

Synchronous control method and system for double asynchronous motors
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of asynchronous motors, and particularly relates to a synchronous control method and a synchronous control system of a double asynchronous motor with difference in slip ratio.
Background
The asynchronous motor has simple structure, easy manufacture, low cost and price, firmness and durability, reliable operation and working characteristics suitable for various mechanical loads. Therefore, the asynchronous motor is most widely applied in various industries and daily life of people, and provides power for various mechanical equipment and household appliances.
The development of the industry makes the application of the synchronous system of the double asynchronous motor wider and wider. In a synchronous system of double asynchronous motors, the rated slip ratios of the two motors are the same, the real-time slip ratios are different, and the two motors have speed difference during frequency conversion control, so that the normal work of the system is influenced. For example, because the slip ratio of two motors of a winder is different, the two motors generate speed difference, and paper breakage often occurs. In order to solve this problem, it is common practice to add a speed measurement element, accurately identify the rotation speed, and then adjust the frequency to achieve rotation speed synchronization. The method increases the hardware cost, and the acquisition of the rotating speed also needs to process the signal of the speed measuring element to obtain the rotating speed indirectly.
The invention calculates the real-time slip ratio under the conditions of different loads and given frequency through the equivalent circuit model, calculates the real-time rotating speeds of the two asynchronous motors through the real-time slip ratio, and then adjusts the frequency to realize the rotating speed synchronization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a synchronous control method and a synchronous control system for a double asynchronous motor, which aim to solve the problem of asynchronous rotating speed caused by different real-time slip ratios in variable frequency control in the prior art.
The invention provides a synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: respectively acquiring excitation resistance, stator resistance and stator power factors of the two asynchronous motors;
blocking the two asynchronous motors, respectively setting the two asynchronous motors with direct-current voltages, and respectively calculating rotor resistance reduced values of the two asynchronous motors according to the resistance values of the stator resistor, the excitation resistor, the direct-current voltage and the voltage values at two sides of the excitation resistor;
step 2: respectively obtaining stator phase voltage, stator phase current and excitation current of two asynchronous motors in synchronous operation;
and step 3: calculating the real-time slip ratio of the corresponding asynchronous motor according to the stator phase voltage, the stator phase current, the stator resistance, the stator power factor, the rotor resistance reduced value, the exciting current and the exciting resistance of each asynchronous motor obtained in the steps 1 and 2;
and 4, step 4: setting one asynchronous motor as a tracking motor and the other asynchronous motor as a tracked motor, and adjusting the output frequency of the tracking motor by using PI operation by taking the real-time rotating speed of the tracked motor as reference.
Optionally, the specific calculation steps of the rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor in step 1 are as follows:
step 11: giving a first direct current voltage to the asynchronous motor, and calculating a first rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor;
step 12: giving a second direct current voltage to the asynchronous motor, and calculating a second rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor;
step 13: and calculating the average value of the first rotor resistance reduced value and the second rotor resistance reduced value, and taking the average value as the final rotor resistance reduced value.
Optionally, a specific formula for calculating the rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor in step 1 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000021
wherein "R" is2' is a rotor resistance reduction value;
Figure BDA0002327753530000022
is a given per unit value of the direct current voltage;
Figure BDA0002327753530000023
is the per unit value of the voltage at two sides of the excitation resistor; "R1"is the stator resistance; "Rm"is the excitation resistance.
Optionally, a specific formula for calculating the real-time slip ratio of the asynchronous motor in step 3 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000024
wherein "s" is the real-time slip of the asynchronous machine; 'U' is provided1"is the stator phase voltage; "I1"is the stator phase current;
Figure BDA0002327753530000025
is the per unit value of the stator phase voltage; "R1"is the stator resistance;
Figure BDA0002327753530000026
a stator power factor; "R2' is a rotor resistance reduction value; "I0"is the excitation current;
Figure BDA0002327753530000027
is the per unit value of the excitation current; "Rm"is the excitation resistance.
Optionally, in the step 4, referring to the real-time slip ratio of the tracking motor by using the real-time rotation speed ratio of the tracked motor, a specific calculation formula for adjusting the output frequency of the tracking motor by using PI operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000028
wherein, "f (t)" is the output frequency of the tracking motor; ' f0"is the output frequency of the tracking motor before adjustment; "sz"is the real-time slip of the tracking motor; "sb"is the real-time slip of the tracked motor; "k" sp"is a proportional constant of PI operation, and takes a value of 0.3-0.5; "k" siThe integral constant is an integral constant of PI operation and takes a value of 0.02-0.05.
The invention provides a synchronous control system of a double asynchronous motor, which comprises: rotor resistance reduced value unit, real-time data acquisition unit, real-time slip computing unit, frequency adjustment unit, wherein:
the real-time data acquisition unit is respectively connected with the first asynchronous motor and the second asynchronous motor and is used for acquiring stator phase voltage, stator phase current and excitation current when the two asynchronous motors synchronously run;
the real-time slip ratio calculating unit is respectively connected with the rotor resistance folding unit, the real-time data acquisition unit and the frequency adjusting unit and is used for calculating the real-time slip ratios of the two asynchronous motors and inputting the calculated results into the frequency adjusting unit;
the frequency adjusting unit is connected with a second asynchronous motor serving as a rotating speed tracking asynchronous motor, and the frequency of the rotating speed tracking asynchronous motor is adjusted by utilizing PI operation according to the real-time slip ratio of the two asynchronous motors.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention calculates the real-time slip ratio under the conditions of different loads and given frequency through the equivalent circuit model of the asynchronous motor, calculates the real-time rotating speeds of the two asynchronous motors through the real-time slip ratio, and then adjusts the frequency to realize the synchronization of the rotating speeds.
2. By the synchronous control method of the double asynchronous motors, the rotating speed of the asynchronous motors can be directly obtained, the signal processing of a speed measuring element is reduced, and the stability and the accuracy of measured data are improved.
3. The invention calculates the rotor resistance reduced value through the equivalent circuit model when the asynchronous motor is locked, and is used for calculating the slip ratio when the asynchronous motor normally operates.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a synchronous control method for a double asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the locked rotor of the asynchronous motor;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an equivalent circuit and power during normal operation of an asynchronous motor;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a synchronous control system for a dual asynchronous motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a synchronous control method for a dual asynchronous motor, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step A1: respectively acquiring excitation resistance, stator resistance and stator power factors of the two asynchronous motors;
blocking the two asynchronous motors, respectively setting the two asynchronous motors with direct-current voltages, and respectively calculating rotor resistance reduced values of the two asynchronous motors according to the resistance values of the stator resistor, the excitation resistor, the direct-current voltage and the voltage values at two sides of the excitation resistor;
step A2: respectively obtaining stator phase voltage, stator phase current and excitation current of two asynchronous motors in synchronous operation;
step A3: calculating the real-time slip ratio of the corresponding asynchronous motor according to the stator phase voltage, the stator phase current, the stator resistance, the stator power factor, the rotor resistance reduced value, the excitation current and the excitation resistance of each asynchronous motor obtained in the steps A1 and A2;
step A4: setting one asynchronous motor as a tracking motor and the other asynchronous motor as a tracked motor, and adjusting the output frequency of the tracking motor by using PI operation by taking the real-time rotating speed of the tracked motor as reference.
According to the equivalent circuit diagram of the asynchronous motor in the locked-rotor state shown in fig. 2, the specific formula of the rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor in the step a1 is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000041
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002327753530000042
is given byPer unit value of the direct current voltage, unit: v;
Figure BDA0002327753530000043
is per unit value of voltage at two sides of the excitation resistor, unit: v; "R1"is stator resistance, unit: omega; "Rm"is the excitation resistance, unit: omega. Given a DC voltage, the stator leakage reactance "X" is assumedσ1", excitation reactance" Xm", folded value of rotor leakage reactance" X'σ2"is 0.
For example, the stator resistance R is obtained12.08 omega, excitation resistor Rm4.12 omega, when the asynchronous motor is locked,
per unit value of given DC voltage for the first time
Figure BDA0002327753530000044
Giving the per unit value of the voltage on two sides of the exciting resistor for the first time
Figure BDA0002327753530000045
Calculate R 'at the first measurement'2(1)The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000051
giving per unit value of DC voltage for the second time
Figure BDA0002327753530000052
Giving per unit value of voltage on two sides of exciting resistor for the second time
Figure BDA0002327753530000053
Calculate R 'at the second measurement'2(2)The specific calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000054
averaging the rotor resistance reduced values measured twice:
Figure BDA0002327753530000055
according to the equivalent circuit and power flow chart of the normal operation of the asynchronous motor as shown in fig. 3, the specific formula of the real-time slip ratio of the asynchronous motor in the step a3 is as follows
Figure BDA0002327753530000056
Wherein "m" is1"is the number of stator phases", "U1"stator phase voltage, unit: v; "I1"stator phase current, unit: a, the content of the first layer is determined,
Figure BDA0002327753530000057
is stator phase voltage per unit value, unit: a;
Figure BDA0002327753530000058
is the stator power factor; "R1"is stator resistance, unit: omega; "I0"is the excitation current, unit: a;
Figure BDA0002327753530000059
is the excitation current per unit value, unit: a; "Rm"is the excitation resistance, unit: omega; "I2' is the rotor phase current reduced value, unit: a; "R2' "is the rotor resistance reduction in units: omega. "P1"is input power, unit: w; "p" isCu1"is stator copper loss, unit: w; "p" isFe"stator iron loss, unit: w; "Pem"electromagnetic power, unit: w; "p" isCu2"is rotor copper loss, unit: w is added.
For example, when the first asynchronous machine is operating normally, the stator resistance R is obtained12.08 omega, excitation resistor Rm4.12 omega, stator power factor
Figure BDA00023277535300000510
Stator phase voltage U1220V stator phase current I1=6.974A per unit value of stator phase current
Figure BDA00023277535300000511
Excitation current I03.363A, excitation current per unit value
Figure BDA00023277535300000512
Rotor resistance fold-down value R2The specific formula for calculating the slip ratio s is '3.474 omega':
Figure BDA0002327753530000061
when the second asynchronous motor normally operates, the stator resistance R is obtained12.08 omega, excitation resistor Rm4.12 omega, stator power factor
Figure BDA0002327753530000062
Stator phase voltage U1220V stator phase current I17.441A, per unit value of stator phase current
Figure BDA0002327753530000063
Excitation current I03.363A, excitation current per unit value
Figure BDA0002327753530000064
Rotor resistance fold-down value R2The specific formula for calculating the slip ratio s is '3.474 omega':
Figure BDA0002327753530000065
as shown in the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 3(a), the slip s and the electromagnetic power P during the normal operation of the asynchronous motoremAnd rotor copper loss pCu2The relationship between them is:
Figure BDA0002327753530000066
as shown by the power flow diagram of fig. 3(b), when the asynchronous machine is operating at steady state at speed n, the secondary motor is operated at steady stateInput active power P of AC power supply1Input power P1After entering the motor, a small part of stator copper loss p is consumed on the statorCu1And stator iron loss pFe. When the motor operates normally, the iron loss is mainly concentrated in the stator, and the iron loss of the rotor can be ignored. Input power P1Deduct stator copper loss pCu1And iron loss pFeThe remaining majority of the power, which is obtained by the rotor through electromagnetic induction, is then transferred from the stator to the rotor through the air gap by the effect of the rotating magnetic field of the air gap, and is therefore referred to as electromagnetic power Pem. Electromagnetic power PemAfter entering the rotor, the rotor copper loss p is generated on the rotor resistorCu2
Optionally, in the step a5, according to the real-time slip ratios of the two asynchronous motors, the specific calculation formula of f (t) for adjusting the output frequency of the rotating speed tracking motor by using PI operation is as follows:
Figure BDA0002327753530000067
wherein, f0"is the output frequency before tracking motor regulation, unit: hz; "sz"is the real-time slip ratio of the tracking motor; "sb"is the real-time slip of the tracked motor; "k" sp"is a proportionality constant of PI operation, and takes a value of 3-5; "k" si"is the integral constant of PI operation, and takes the value of 0.2-0.5. The selective PI operation enables a faster speed adjustment without introducing a differential calculation in order to avoid oscillations. The values of the proportional constant and the integral constant are not easy to be overlarge, and the generation of overshoot is avoided.
For example, "f0"output frequency before regulation for tracking motor is 20Hz," k "for maximum regulation effectp"is proportional constant value of PI operation 5 and" ki"is the integral constant value of PI operation 0.5. By using the formulas (1) and (2), and setting the asynchronous motor 1 as a tracked motor and the asynchronous motor 2 as a tracking motor, the following can be calculated:
Figure BDA0002327753530000071
as shown in fig. 4, the present invention provides a synchronous control system of a double asynchronous motor, comprising: rotor resistance reduced value unit, real-time data acquisition unit, real-time slip computing unit, frequency adjustment unit, wherein:
the real-time data acquisition unit 52 is respectively connected to the first asynchronous motor and the second asynchronous motor, and is configured to acquire stator phase voltage, stator phase current, and excitation current when the two asynchronous motors operate synchronously;
the real-time slip ratio calculating unit 53 is respectively connected with the rotor resistance folding unit 51, the real-time data acquisition unit 52 and the frequency adjusting unit 54, and is used for calculating the real-time slip ratios of the two asynchronous motors and inputting the calculated results into the frequency adjusting unit 54;
the frequency adjusting unit 54 is connected to a second asynchronous motor as a rotational speed tracking asynchronous motor, and adjusts the frequency of the rotational speed tracking asynchronous motor by using PI operation according to the real-time slip of the two asynchronous motors.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: respectively acquiring excitation resistance, stator resistance and stator power factors of the two asynchronous motors;
blocking the two asynchronous motors, respectively setting the two asynchronous motors with direct-current voltages, and respectively calculating rotor resistance reduced values of the two asynchronous motors according to the resistance values of the stator resistor, the excitation resistor, the direct-current voltage and the voltage values at two sides of the excitation resistor;
step 2: respectively obtaining stator phase voltage, stator phase current and excitation current of two asynchronous motors in synchronous operation;
and step 3: calculating the real-time slip ratio of the corresponding asynchronous motor according to the stator phase voltage, the stator phase current, the stator resistance, the stator power factor, the rotor resistance reduced value, the exciting current and the exciting resistance of each asynchronous motor obtained in the steps 1 and 2;
and 4, step 4: setting one asynchronous motor as a tracking motor and the other asynchronous motor as a tracked motor, and adjusting the output frequency of the tracking motor by using PI operation by taking the real-time rotating speed of the tracked motor as reference.
2. The synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation steps of the rotor resistance fold-back value of the asynchronous motor in step 1 are as follows:
step 11: giving a first direct current voltage to the asynchronous motor, and calculating a first rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor;
step 12: giving a second direct current voltage to the asynchronous motor, and calculating a second rotor resistance reduced value of the asynchronous motor;
step 13: and calculating the average value of the first rotor resistance reduced value and the second rotor resistance reduced value, and taking the average value as the final rotor resistance reduced value.
3. The synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein the specific formula for calculating the rotor resistance fold-back value of the asynchronous motor in step 1 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002327753520000011
wherein "R" is2' is a rotor resistance reduction value;
Figure FDA0002327753520000012
is a given per unit value of the direct current voltage;
Figure FDA0002327753520000013
is the per unit value of the voltage at two sides of the excitation resistor; "R1"is the stator resistance; "Rm"is the excitation resistance.
4. The synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete formula for calculating the real-time slip ratio of the asynchronous motor in step 3 is as follows:
Figure FDA0002327753520000021
wherein "s" is the real-time slip of the asynchronous machine; 'U' is provided1"is the stator phase voltage; "I1"is the stator phase current;
Figure FDA0002327753520000022
is the per unit value of the stator phase voltage; "R1"is the stator resistance;
Figure FDA0002327753520000023
a stator power factor; "R2' is a rotor resistance reduction value; "I0"is the excitation current;
Figure FDA0002327753520000024
is the per unit value of the excitation current; "Rm"is the excitation resistance.
5. The synchronous control method of a double asynchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein in step 4, the real-time slip ratio of the tracking motor is referred to the real-time rotation speed ratio of the tracked motor, and the specific calculation formula for adjusting the output frequency of the tracking motor by using PI operation is as follows:
Figure FDA0002327753520000025
wherein, "f (t)" is the output frequency of the tracking motor; ' f0For said tracking motorOutput frequency before section; "sz"is the real-time slip of the tracking motor; "sb"is the real-time slip of the tracked motor; "k" sp"is a proportional constant of PI operation, and takes a value of 0.3-0.5; "k" siThe integral constant is an integral constant of PI operation and takes a value of 0.02-0.05.
6. A synchronous control system for a dual asynchronous machine, comprising: rotor resistance reduced value unit, real-time data acquisition unit, real-time slip computing unit, frequency adjustment unit, wherein:
the real-time data acquisition unit is respectively connected with the first asynchronous motor and the second asynchronous motor and is used for acquiring stator phase voltage, stator phase current and excitation current when the two asynchronous motors synchronously run;
the real-time slip ratio calculating unit is respectively connected with the rotor resistance folding unit, the real-time data acquisition unit and the frequency adjusting unit and is used for calculating the real-time slip ratios of the two asynchronous motors and inputting the calculated results into the frequency adjusting unit;
the frequency adjusting unit is connected with a second asynchronous motor serving as a rotating speed tracking asynchronous motor, and the frequency of the rotating speed tracking asynchronous motor is adjusted by utilizing PI operation according to the real-time slip ratio of the two asynchronous motors.
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