CN110932385A - Bypass type automatic transfer switch and testing method thereof - Google Patents
Bypass type automatic transfer switch and testing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110932385A CN110932385A CN201911312365.7A CN201911312365A CN110932385A CN 110932385 A CN110932385 A CN 110932385A CN 201911312365 A CN201911312365 A CN 201911312365A CN 110932385 A CN110932385 A CN 110932385A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3277—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of low voltage devices, e.g. domestic or industrial devices, such as motor protections, relays, rotation switches
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
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- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a bypass type automatic transfer switch. The bypass type automatic transfer switch of the invention realizes the electrical interlocking of the bypass type automatic transfer switch by utilizing four normally open type controllable switches and two normally closed auxiliary contacts of each execution switch, and realizes the unlocking/locking of the electrical interlocking by utilizing two normally open type bypass switches. The invention also discloses a testing method of the bypass type automatic transfer switch. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, thereby providing reliable electric interlocking besides mechanical interlocking, and preventing the short circuit phenomenon caused by simultaneously connecting two power supplies due to failure of the mechanical interlocking from a control loop. And according to the actual need, on the premise of ensuring safety, the electric interlocking between two transfer switches in the bypass type automatic transfer switch can be conveniently and flexibly released/recovered, and the maintainability of the bypass type automatic transfer switch is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bypass type automatic change-over switch, belonging to the technical field of low-voltage apparatuses.
Background
An Automatic Transfer Switching Equipment (ATSE) is widely applied to Automatic Switching between two power supplies to ensure continuity of load power supply. In important power supply occasions such as telecommunication, mobile and data centers, in order to ensure the continuity of power supply, reliable power supply can be ensured even if the automatic change-over switch is in a fault condition, therefore, a bypass type automatic change-over switch is needed, the automatic change-over switch is switched to the bypass change-over switch to supply power when the automatic change-over switch is in the fault condition, and the automatic change-over switch can be moved out to be overhauled, so that the aim of overhauling without power outage is fulfilled. The national electrical industry association standard T/CEEIA302-2018 specifies that the ATSE and MTSE (manual transfer switch) or RTSE (remote transfer switch) should be fixed on the same mounting frame, and there should be a mechanical and electrical interlocking mechanism between the ATSE and MTSE or RTSE to satisfy the requirement that the ATSE and MTSE or RTSE allow the parallel connection of the same-side power supplies, and in any case, the parallel connection of different-side power supplies is not allowed. Therefore, the bypass type automatic transfer switch must provide a reliable electrical interlock in addition to the mechanical interlock to prevent a short circuit from occurring in the control circuit due to the simultaneous turning on of two power sources due to a failure of the mechanical interlock. Meanwhile, when the ATSE has faults or is periodically overhauled, the MTSE or the RTSE executes bypass operation and is supplied with power by the MTSE or the RTSE, the ATSE is in a drawing structure in order to facilitate overhauling, the ATSE body is drawn out for overhauling during overhauling, and the ATSE body is shaken into a drawer seat after overhauling, and whether the overhauling ATSE acts normally is confirmed, but the action confirmation of the ATSE cannot be realized due to the existence of electric interlocking, so that serious risks are brought to subsequent use.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a bypass type automatic transfer switch which has simple and reliable electrical interlocking and can conveniently and flexibly release the electrical interlocking so as to be convenient for testing the automatic transfer switch.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
a bypass type automatic change-over switch comprises a first change-over switch, a second change-over switch and a controller, wherein the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch are respectively provided with a common execution switch and a standby execution switch; each execution switch is provided with at least two normally-closed auxiliary contacts; the bypass type automatic change-over switch also comprises first to fourth normally open type controllable switches and two normally open type bypass switches; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch with one normally open bypass switch in parallel and the first normally open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the first normally open controllable switch; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally-closed auxiliary contact of a common execution switch of the second transfer switch with another normally-open bypass switch in parallel and a second normally-open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of a standby execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally-closed auxiliary contact of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the second normally-open controllable switch; the third normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the third normally-open controllable switch; the fourth normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common execution switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a standby execution switch closing coil of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the second transfer switch common execution switch is connected in series in a control loop of the fourth normally-open controllable switch.
Preferably, the two normally-open bypass switches are two normally-open contacts of the same relay.
Preferably, the two normally open bypass switches are two relays, and each relay has at least one normally open contact.
Preferably, an auxiliary switch is connected in series in the control loops of the two normally-open bypass switches; the switch state of the auxiliary switch is related to the power connection state of the first transfer switch: when the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, the auxiliary switch is closed, otherwise, the auxiliary switch is disconnected.
Preferably, an auxiliary switch is connected in series in a signal input loop of the controller; the switch state of the auxiliary switch is related to the power connection state of the first transfer switch: when the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, the auxiliary switch is closed, otherwise, the auxiliary switch is disconnected.
Further preferably, the first transfer switch is a drawer-type automatic transfer switch including a transfer switch body and a drawer base, and the auxiliary switch is a microswitch; when the change-over switch body is drawn out from the connection position to the test position in the drawer seat, the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, and then the micro switch is triggered to be closed.
Furthermore, two execution switches of the first transfer switch are respectively provided with at least one normally-open auxiliary contact, one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common execution switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of a second transfer switch common execution switch opening coil, and one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch standby execution switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the second transfer switch standby execution switch opening coil.
According to the method for testing the bypass type automatic transfer switch in any technical scheme, after the first transfer switch body is overhauled, the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first transfer switch and the common power supply and the standby power supply is disconnected, then the two normally-open type bypass switches are closed to enable the electrical interlock between the first transfer switch and the second transfer switch to be invalid, and then the first transfer switch body is tested; after the test is finished, the two normally-open bypass switches are disconnected to enable the electrical interlock between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch to be effective, and then the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end and the connection between the standby power supply end and the standby power supply are conducted.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the bypass type automatic change-over switch has a simple, safe and reliable electrical interlocking structure, thereby providing reliable electrical interlocking besides mechanical interlocking and preventing the short circuit phenomenon caused by simultaneously switching on two power supplies due to failure of the mechanical interlocking from a control loop. And according to the actual need (for example, when testing is carried out after the maintenance of the bypass type automatic change-over switch is completed), on the premise of ensuring safety, the electric interlocking between the two change-over switches in the bypass type automatic change-over switch can be conveniently and flexibly released/recovered, and the maintainability of the bypass type automatic change-over switch is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the bypass type automatic transfer switch of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of the bypass-type automatic transfer switch of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a closing command control circuit of the bypass type automatic transfer switch according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The existing bypass type automatic transfer switches comprise a first transfer switch, a second transfer switch and a controller, wherein the first transfer switch and the second transfer switch are respectively provided with a common execution switch and a standby execution switch; a common power supply end, a standby power supply end and a load end of a first change-over switch (usually an automatic change-over switch) are respectively connected in parallel with a common power supply end, a standby power supply end and a load end of a second change-over switch (which can be a manual change-over switch, an automatic change-over switch or a remote control change-over switch); in order to rapidly and accurately control the switching operation of the execution switches, each execution switch is generally provided with a switching coil and a switching coil for driving the switching coil and the switching coil to be switched. In order to prevent the danger of short circuit caused by the simultaneous connection of two power supplies, an electrical interlock is required to be arranged besides the necessary mechanical interlock so as to prevent the short circuit phenomenon caused by the simultaneous connection of two power supplies due to the failure of the mechanical interlock.
Under normal conditions, the second change-over switch of the bypass type automatic change-over switch is in a double-division state, the first change-over switch realizes the automatic switching of two power supplies, when the first change-over switch fails and can not be switched over, the second change-over switch is responsible for supplying power to a load, and the first change-over switch is taken out for maintenance, so that the purpose of uninterrupted power supply maintenance is achieved. In order to ensure the reliability of power supply, the electrical interlock of the bypass type automatic transfer switch should meet the following requirements:
(1) the second change-over switch is in a double-division state, a common switch and a standby switch of the first change-over switch need to be designed with electric interlocking, namely, in a common closing state, standby can not be closed; similarly, in a standby closing state, the closing can not be performed frequently.
(2) The first change-over switch is in a double-division state, a common switch and a standby switch of the second change-over switch need to be designed with electric interlocking, namely, in a common closing state, standby can not be closed; similarly, in a standby closing state, the closing can not be performed frequently.
(3) An electrical interlock is required to be designed between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch, namely, a standby switch of the second change-over switch cannot be switched on under the switching-on state of a common switch of the first change-over switch; and under the closing state of the standby switch of the first change-over switch, the common switch of the second change-over switch can not be closed. Similarly, when the first transfer switch is in the connection position, the standby switch of the first transfer switch cannot be switched on in the switching-on state of the common switch of the second transfer switch, and the common switch of the first transfer switch cannot be switched on in the switching-on state of the standby switch of the second transfer switch.
In addition, after the first transfer switch is overhauled, the overhaul result needs to be comprehensively detected and confirmed, but the action confirmation of the automatic transfer switch cannot be realized due to the existence of the electric interlock; therefore, it is necessary to provide a release/recovery function of the electrical interlock to confirm the overall operation of the automatic transfer switch after completion of the maintenance, while ensuring safety.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a bypass type automatic transfer switch, which has a simple and reliable electrical interlock, and can conveniently and flexibly release the electrical interlock, so as to facilitate testing after the automatic transfer switch is overhauled.
Specifically, the bypass type automatic transfer switch comprises a first transfer switch, a second transfer switch and a controller, wherein the first transfer switch and the second transfer switch are respectively provided with a common execution switch and a standby execution switch; each execution switch is provided with at least two normally-closed auxiliary contacts; the bypass type automatic change-over switch also comprises first to fourth normally open type controllable switches and two normally open type bypass switches; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch with one normally open bypass switch in parallel and the first normally open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the first normally open controllable switch; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally-closed auxiliary contact of a common execution switch of the second transfer switch with another normally-open bypass switch in parallel and a second normally-open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of a standby execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally-closed auxiliary contact of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the second normally-open controllable switch; the third normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the third normally-open controllable switch; the fourth normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common execution switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a standby execution switch closing coil of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the second transfer switch common execution switch is connected in series in a control loop of the fourth normally-open controllable switch.
Furthermore, two execution switches of the first transfer switch are respectively provided with at least one normally-open auxiliary contact, one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common execution switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of a second transfer switch common execution switch opening coil, and one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch standby execution switch is connected in series in a power supply loop of the second transfer switch standby execution switch opening coil.
After the first change-over switch body is overhauled, the connection between a common power supply end and a standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and a common power supply and a standby power supply is disconnected, then the two normally-open bypass switches are closed to enable the electrical interlock between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch to be invalid, and then the first change-over switch body is tested; after the test is finished, the two normally-open bypass switches are disconnected to enable the electrical interlock between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch to be effective, and then the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end and the connection between the standby power supply end and the standby power supply are conducted.
For the public understanding, the technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail by two specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the bypass type automatic transfer switch of the present embodiment includes a first transfer switch a, a second transfer switch R, and a controller, in which a common power source terminal, a standby power source terminal, and a load terminal are connected in parallel, respectively. The first transfer switch A comprises a common execution switch A1 and a standby execution switch A2, the second transfer switch R comprises a common execution switch R1 and a standby execution switch R2, the common execution switch A1 comprises a closing coil A1X, a breaking coil A1F, normally closed auxiliary contacts A1-1, A1-2 and normally open auxiliary contacts A1-3, the standby execution switch A2 comprises a closing coil A2X, a breaking coil A2F, normally closed auxiliary contacts A2-1, A2-2 and normally open auxiliary contacts A2-3, the common execution switch R1 comprises a closing coil R1X, a breaking coil R1F, normally closed auxiliary contacts R1-1 and R1-2, and the standby execution switch R2 comprises a closing coil R2X, a breaking coil R2F, normally closed auxiliary contacts R2-1 and R2-2; KA 1-KA 5 are five relays.
As shown in fig. 1, a normally open contact and a normally closed auxiliary contact R2-2 of the relay KA1 are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil A1X, and a normally closed auxiliary contact a2-1 is connected in series in a control loop of the relay KA 1; a normally open contact and a normally closed auxiliary contact R1-2 of the relay KA2 are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil A2X, and a normally closed auxiliary contact A1-1 is connected in series in a control loop of the relay KA 2; a normally open contact and a normally closed auxiliary contact A2-2 of the relay KA3 are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil R1X, and a normally closed auxiliary contact R2-1 is connected in series in a control loop of the relay KA 3; a normally open contact and a normally closed auxiliary contact A1-2 of the relay KA4 are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil R2X, and a normally closed auxiliary contact R1-1 is connected in series in a control loop of the relay KA 4; the normally open auxiliary contact A1-3 is connected in series in a power supply loop of the brake separating coil R1F; the normally open auxiliary contact A2-3 is connected in series in a power supply loop of the opening coil R2F; two groups of normally open auxiliary contacts KA5-1 and KA5-2 of the relay KA5 are respectively connected with the normally closed auxiliary contact R2-2 and the normally closed auxiliary contact R1-2 in parallel, and the relay KA5 is directly controlled by a controller of a bypass type automatic transfer switch.
The first change-over switch in this embodiment is a drawer-type automatic change-over switch including a change-over switch body and a drawer seat, and when the change-over switch body is inserted into the drawer seat to a "connection" position, the first change-over switch is in a working state, and a common power supply end and a standby power supply end of the first change-over switch are connected and conducted with a common power supply and a standby power supply; when the change-over switch body is pulled out to the test position, the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and the common power supply and the standby power supply is disconnected, but the secondary control loop is still conducted, and the comprehensive detection can be carried out on the secondary control loop.
The specific process and principle for realizing the electric interlocking protection are as follows:
the controller sends a closing command of the first transfer switch common use execution switch A1 to a normally open contact of the relay KA1, outputs the command to a normally closed auxiliary contact R2-2 of the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2 connected in series with the normally open contact of the relay KA1, and then outputs the command to a closing coil A1X of the first transfer switch common use execution switch A1, and a driving coil of the relay KA1 is connected in series with a normally closed auxiliary contact A2-1 of the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2, so that the controller can send the closing command of the first transfer switch common use closing execution switch A1 to a closing coil A1X of the first transfer switch standby execution switch A1 only when the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2 is in a closing position and the standby execution switch R2 of the second transfer switch is in a closing position, and the first transfer switch common use execution switch A1 is driven to be closed. The controller sends a closing command to control the relay to output a power supply L signal by a microprocessor in the controller, as shown in fig. 3, the microprocessor MCU sends a control signal to enable the triode Q to be conducted, the relay KA is electrified and closed, and the power supply loop power supply L signal is output. Other brake closing/opening commands sent by the controller have the same principle and are not described in detail.
The controller sends a closing command of the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2 to a normally open contact of the relay KA2, outputs the closing command to a normally closed auxiliary contact R1-2 of a second transfer switch common execution switch R1 connected in series with the normally open contact of the relay KA2, and then outputs the closing command to a closing coil A2X of the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2, and a driving coil of the relay KA2 is connected in series with the normally closed auxiliary contact A1-1 of the first transfer switch common execution switch, so that the controller can send the closing command of the first automatic transfer switch standby execution switch A2 to a closing coil A2X of the first automatic transfer switch standby execution switch A2 to drive the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2 to close only when the first transfer switch common execution switch A1 is in a closing position and the second transfer switch R1 is in a closing position.
The switching-off command of the first transfer switch can not cause the short circuit of two paths of power supplies, so that the switching-off command of the common execution switch and the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch sent by the controller can be executed at any time and any position; the controller can also separately send and execute the opening command of the common execution switch and the standby execution switch.
The controller sends a closing command of the second transfer switch common-use execution switch R1 to a normally open contact of the relay KA3, outputs the closing command to the first transfer switch standby execution switch normally-closed auxiliary contact A2-2 connected in series with the normally open contact of the relay KA3, and then outputs the closing command to the closing coil R1X of the second transfer switch common-use execution switch R1, and a driving coil of the relay KA3 is connected in series with the second transfer switch standby execution switch normally-closed auxiliary contact R2-1, so that the controller can send the closing command of the second transfer switch common-use execution switch R1 to the closing coil R1X of the first transfer switch standby execution switch A2 only when the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2 is in a switching-off position, and then drives the second transfer switch common-use execution switch R1 to be switched on.
The controller sends a closing command of the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2 to a normally open contact of the relay KA4, outputs the closing command to a first transfer switch normally-closed execution switch normally-closed auxiliary contact A1-2 connected in series with the normally open contact of the relay KA4, outputs the closing command to a closing coil R2X of the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2, and connects a driving coil of the relay KA4 in series with a second transfer switch normally-closed auxiliary contact R1-1, so that the controller can send the closing command of the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2 to a closing coil R2X of the first transfer switch normally-closed execution switch A1 only when the second transfer switch normally-closed execution switch R1 is in a switching-off position, and drives the second transfer switch standby execution switch R2 to be switched.
The opening of the second transfer switch can be realized in two ways:
the first method comprises the following steps: the switching-off command of the second change-over switch can not cause the short circuit of two paths of power supplies, so that the switching-off command of the common switch and the standby switch of the second change-over switch sent by the controller can be executed at any time and any position; the opening command of the common switch and the standby switch of the controller pair can also be separately sent and executed.
And the second method comprises the following steps: the opening command of the second transfer switch sent by the controller is output to the opening coil R1F of the common executing switch R1 of the second transfer switch through the normally open auxiliary contact a1-3 of the common executing switch a1 of the first transfer switch, that is, the common executing switch R1 of the second transfer switch must be opened when the common executing switch a1 of the first transfer switch is in a closed state. The opening command of the second transfer switch sent by the controller is output to the opening coil R2F of the standby execution switch R2 of the second transfer switch through the normally-open auxiliary contact A2-3 of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch, namely, the standby execution switch R1 of the second transfer switch must be opened when the standby execution switch A2 of the first transfer switch is in a closing state.
An auxiliary switch is connected in series in a signal input loop of the controller; the switch state of the auxiliary switch is related to the power connection state of the first transfer switch: when the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, the auxiliary switch is closed, otherwise, the auxiliary switch is disconnected. The auxiliary switch is a microswitch K1, and the microswitch K1 is arranged at the test position of the drawer seat. The controller receives a signal of the micro switch K1 for opening or closing, detects the power supply connection state of the first change-over switch or the relative position between the change-over switch body and the drawer seat, if the connection of a common power supply end and a standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with a common power supply and a standby power supply is detected to be opened or the change-over switch body is detected to be pulled out to a test position, the controller controls the relay KA5 to act, the normally open auxiliary contacts KA5-1 and KA5-2 are closed, so that the normally closed auxiliary contact R2-2 and the normally closed auxiliary contact R1-2 are respectively bypassed, the electrical interlocking between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch is cancelled, namely when the second change-over switch is in a common closing position, the controller can still send a first change-over switch standby switch command and control the first change-over switch standby execution switch to be closed, the first change-over switch can be automatically switched between the common power supply and the standby power supply when in the test position; similarly, when the second transfer switch is in the standby switch-on position, the controller can still send a switch-on command of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch, and control the common execution switch of the first transfer switch to switch on. When the first change-over switch drawer is in the test position, the main loop can not be conducted by the on-off of the switch, so that the two paths of power supplies can not be short-circuited, and at the moment, all functions of the first change-over switch can be comprehensively tested and verified. After the test of the first change-over switch is completed, the change-over switch body is pushed into the drawer seat to a connection position, the controller controls the relay KA5 to act, the normally-open auxiliary contacts KA5-1 and KA5-2 are disconnected, the electrical interlocking between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch takes effect, the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end are connected, and the controller switches the power supply from the second change-over switch to the first change-over switch.
Fig. 2 shows the basic structure of a further preferred embodiment of the invention, which differs from fig. 1 in that the relay KA5 is not controlled by the controller, but is directly controlled by a microswitch K1 at the test position of the drawer seat, the microswitch K1 being connected in series with the drive coil of the relay KA 5. When the first transfer switch is in a test position, the microswitch K1 is closed, the relay KA5 is controlled to act, the normally open auxiliary contacts KA5-1 and KA5-2 are closed, and the normally closed auxiliary contact R2-2 and the normally closed auxiliary contact R1-2 are bypassed, so that the purpose of unlocking the electrical interlock is achieved. The microswitch K1 can be replaced by a push button switch, a remote control switch, etc., so that the unlocking/locking of the electric interlock can be realized by manual operation or remote operation in the field.
Claims (8)
1. A bypass type automatic change-over switch comprises a first change-over switch, a second change-over switch and a controller, wherein the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch are respectively provided with a common execution switch and a standby execution switch; the circuit is characterized in that each execution switch is provided with at least two normally-closed auxiliary contacts; the bypass type automatic change-over switch also comprises first to fourth normally open type controllable switches and two normally open type bypass switches; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch with one normally open bypass switch in parallel and the first normally open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the first normally open controllable switch; a parallel circuit formed by connecting a normally-closed auxiliary contact of a common execution switch of the second transfer switch with another normally-open bypass switch in parallel and a second normally-open controllable switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of a standby execution switch of the first transfer switch, and a normally-closed auxiliary contact of the common execution switch of the first transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the second normally-open controllable switch; the third normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the first transfer switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a closing coil of the common execution switch of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the standby execution switch of the second transfer switch is connected in series in a control loop of the third normally-open controllable switch; the fourth normally-open controllable switch and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common execution switch are connected in series in a power supply loop of a standby execution switch closing coil of the second transfer switch, and the other normally-closed auxiliary contact of the second transfer switch common execution switch is connected in series in a control loop of the fourth normally-open controllable switch.
2. The automatic transfer switch of claim 1, wherein the two normally open bypass switches are two normally open contacts of the same relay.
3. The automatic transfer switch of claim 1, wherein said two normally open bypass switches are two relays, each relay having at least one normally open contact.
4. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary switch is connected in series in the control circuit of said two normally open bypass switches; the switch state of the auxiliary switch is related to the power connection state of the first transfer switch: when the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, the auxiliary switch is closed, otherwise, the auxiliary switch is disconnected.
5. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type as claimed in claim 1, wherein an auxiliary switch is connected in series in a signal input circuit of said controller; the switch state of the auxiliary switch is related to the power connection state of the first transfer switch: when the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, the auxiliary switch is closed, otherwise, the auxiliary switch is disconnected.
6. The bypass-type automatic transfer switch according to claim 4, wherein the first transfer switch is a drawer-type automatic transfer switch including a transfer switch body and a drawer base, and the auxiliary switch is a micro switch; when the change-over switch body is drawn out from the connection position to the test position in the drawer seat, the connection of the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch with the common power supply and the standby power supply is simultaneously disconnected, and then the micro switch is triggered to be closed.
7. The automatic transfer switch of the bypass type according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each of the two actuating switches of the first transfer switch further has at least one normally-open auxiliary contact, one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch common actuating switch is connected in series to the power supply loop of the second transfer switch common actuating switch opening coil, and one normally-open auxiliary contact of the first transfer switch backup actuating switch is connected in series to the power supply loop of the second transfer switch backup actuating switch opening coil.
8. The method for testing the bypass type automatic transfer switch according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein after the first transfer switch body is overhauled, the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first transfer switch and the common power supply and the standby power supply is disconnected, then the electrical interlock between the first transfer switch and the second transfer switch is disabled by closing the two normally-open type bypass switches, and then the first transfer switch body is tested; after the test is finished, the two normally-open bypass switches are disconnected to enable the electrical interlock between the first change-over switch and the second change-over switch to be effective, and then the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end of the first change-over switch and the connection between the common power supply end and the standby power supply end and the connection between the standby power supply end and the standby power supply are conducted.
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| CN201911312365.7A CN110932385B (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | Bypass type automatic transfer switch and testing method thereof |
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