CN110932322B - Torque ripple optimization design method for wind generating set - Google Patents
Torque ripple optimization design method for wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN110932322B CN110932322B CN201911282142.0A CN201911282142A CN110932322B CN 110932322 B CN110932322 B CN 110932322B CN 201911282142 A CN201911282142 A CN 201911282142A CN 110932322 B CN110932322 B CN 110932322B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Abstract
According to the torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set, on the premise that an initial scheme of a converter and an initial scheme of a generator are definite, the harmonic content of the three-phase current of a generator side converter is obtained through simulation of an MATLAB tool, the harmonic content of the three-phase current of the generator side converter is used as an input excitation source of the generator, the technical scheme of the converter and the generator is determined based on the torque ripple condition of an Ansoft simulation generator, if the torque ripple is less than or equal to 5%, otherwise, the design scheme of the converter and/or the generator needs to be iterated repeatedly and corrected until the torque ripple meets the design requirements of the set. The method determines that the designed converter and generator completely meet the use requirements of the unit through a simulation means at the beginning of the unit design, realizes the cooperative design and matching design of the generator and the converter, effectively reduces the torque pulsation of the unit caused by the current harmonic of the converter, reduces the influence of the torque pulsation on the operation of the generator and the transmission chain of the unit, and ensures the normal and stable operation of the wind generating set.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind power generation, in particular to a torque ripple optimization design method of a wind generating set.
Background
With the development of a high-power wind generating set, a medium-voltage high-power wind power converter based on power devices such as an IGCT (integrated gate commutated thyristor) is more and more favored by manufacturers of the whole machine due to the advantages of simple structure, easiness in control, stable performance, high voltage level, large unit capacity, good electric energy quality, high reliability, low failure rate and the like, but is influenced by lower switching frequency of the power devices, the current harmonic content of the converter is larger than that of the traditional low-voltage converter, so that the torque pulsation of the generator set is larger, the normal operation of a generator is influenced when the larger torque pulsation is serious, even the resonance of a transmission chain of the generator set caused by the larger torque pulsation exists, the bearing of the generator set is damaged, the risk of damaging the transmission chain of the generator set exists, and huge economic loss is caused. Therefore, in the process of designing the wind generating set, the matching design problem of the generator and the converter must be considered, the torque pulsation of the set is reduced through a technical means, and the normal and stable operation of the wind generating set is ensured.
The current harmonic wave is inevitably generated in the fast switching-on and switching-off process of a power device of a wind power converter, and the current harmonic wave is used as an excitation source input by a wind power generator to cause the continuous fluctuation of the input torque of the generator, namely the torque ripple of the generator (mainly comprising the harmonic torque ripple and the cogging torque ripple, wherein the harmonic torque ripple is mainly caused by the converter, and the cogging torque ripple is influenced by the design scheme of the generator, for example, the cogging torque ripple is usually large by adopting a straight slot (straight pole) design, and the cogging torque ripple is small by adopting a skewed slot (oblique pole) design.
In the design process of a wind turbine generator set, the current harmonic content of a converter is obtained through analysis of relevant simulation software on the premise of determining motor parameters, a control algorithm of the converter is combined, a corresponding filter (sometimes a wave trap is designed to eliminate specific subharmonics) is designed on the converter side, the output current harmonic content of the converter is controlled at a lower level, and the influence of the torque pulsation caused by the current harmonic on a generator, a transmission chain and the like is generally not required to be checked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set, which aims to solve the technical problem that when a scheme of a medium-voltage high-power wind generating set is adopted, the generator inevitably has larger electromagnetic torque ripple caused by higher current harmonic content of a converter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a torque ripple optimization design method of a wind generating set comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a generator preliminary scheme, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the generator based on Ansoft;
s2, designing a preliminary scheme of the converter, establishing a three-dimensional model of the converter based on MATLAB, taking equivalent parameters of a generator as input of the model of the converter, and performing combined simulation to obtain the three-phase current harmonic content of the converter at the machine side;
s3, adding the three-phase current harmonic content of the machine side converter serving as an excitation source into the three-dimensional model of the generator in Ansoft to perform combined simulation of torque pulsation of a power generation system to obtain a torque pulsation oscillogram of the generator and torque pulsation of the generator;
s4, if the torque ripple is larger than 5%, readjusting the preliminary scheme of the converter, and repeating the step S2 → S3;
and if the torque ripple is less than or equal to 5%, determining a generator design scheme and a converter design scheme and ending the simulation.
Optionally, in step S4, the method further includes adjusting the generator preliminary scheme at the same time, and repeating step S1 before repeating step S2 → S3.
Alternatively, if the torque ripple obtained by adjusting the converter preliminary design is still >5% by accumulating not less than 30 times, the generator preliminary design is adjusted synchronously.
Alternatively, the torque ripple obtained by adjusting the converter preliminary design scheme 30 times in an accumulation mode is larger than 6.5%, and then the generator preliminary scheme is adjusted synchronously.
Optionally, the adjusting of the converter preliminary scheme includes changing a converter carrier ratio and changing a converter carrier modulation mode.
Optionally, the generator preliminary solution adjustment includes changing D/Q axis inductance and changing generator slot fit design.
Optionally, in step S2, MATLAB joint harmonic simulation is performed respectively under a rated working condition, a working condition corresponding to the lowest rotating speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to the highest rotating speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to 30% rotating speed, and a working condition corresponding to 60% rotating speed.
Optionally, in step S3, the generator torque ripple is a ratio of a peak value to an average value of the torque ripple waveform.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set, on the premise that an initial scheme of a converter and an initial scheme of a generator are definite, the harmonic content of the three-phase current of a generator side converter is obtained through simulation of an MATLAB tool, the harmonic content of the three-phase current of the generator side converter is used as an input excitation source of the generator, the technical scheme of the converter and the generator is determined based on the torque ripple condition of an Ansoft simulation generator, if the torque ripple is less than or equal to 5%, otherwise, the design scheme of the converter and/or the generator needs to be iterated repeatedly and corrected until the torque ripple meets the design requirements of the set. The method determines that the designed converter and generator completely meet the use requirements of the unit through a simulation means at the beginning of the unit design, realizes the cooperative design and matching design of the generator and the converter, effectively reduces the torque pulsation of the unit caused by the current harmonic of the converter, reduces the influence of the torque pulsation on the operation of the generator and the transmission chain of the unit, and ensures the normal and stable operation of the wind generating set.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimally designing torque ripple of a wind turbine generator system;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another embodiment of a torque ripple optimization design method for a wind turbine generator system.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for optimally designing the torque ripple of the wind turbine generator system provided by the invention includes the following steps:
s1, designing a generator preliminary scheme (including equivalent parameters) according to unit design requirements, further defining the preliminary design parameters of the generator, including rated power, rated torque, rated voltage, rated rotating speed, rated frequency, rotating speed range, power factors, motor grade, leakage reactance, resistance, D-axis inductance, Q-axis inductance and the like, and establishing a three-dimensional model of the generator based on Ansoft;
s2, designing a preliminary scheme of the converter according to unit design requirements, establishing a three-dimensional model of the converter based on MATLAB, taking equivalent parameters of a generator as input of the model of the converter, and performing combined simulation to obtain the three-phase current harmonic content of the converter at the machine side;
s3, adding the three-phase current harmonic content of the machine side converter as an excitation source into the three-dimensional model of the generator in Ansoft to perform combined simulation of torque pulsation of a generating system to obtain a torque pulsation oscillogram of the generator and torque pulsation of the generator, wherein the torque pulsation of the generator is the ratio of the peak value to the average value of the torque pulsation oscillogram;
s4, if the torque ripple is larger than 5%, readjusting the preliminary scheme of the converter, and repeating the step S2 → S3;
and if the torque ripple is less than or equal to 5%, determining a generator design scheme and a converter design scheme and ending the simulation.
Specifically, the adjustment of the preliminary scheme of the current transformer includes the following two adjustment schemes:
A. the carrier ratio of the converter is changed, the larger the carrier ratio is theoretically, the higher the modulation frequency of a converter switching device is, the better the modulation effect is, the smaller the torque ripple amplitude is, but the problems of device heating, loss increase and the like can be caused by the excessively high switching frequency, so that a proper carrier ratio needs to be selected;
B. the modulation mode of the current transformer carrier is changed, common current transformer carriers have debugging modes such as PWM, SVPWM, SHEPWM and the like, different debugging modes can generate different torque ripples on the premise of consistent generator parameters, and the driving program complexity of the debugging modes is different, so that different manufacturers can select different carrier ratio debugging modes when designing the current transformer, therefore, the modulation mode expressed by the patent is not unique, and the manufacturers can select different debugging modes according to the research and development level of own enterprises and the adept technology.
As a further improvement to the above solution, referring to fig. 2, in step S4, a generator preliminary solution is adjusted, and step S1 is repeated before step S2 → S3 is repeated. Specifically, the torque ripple obtained by not less than 30 times of accumulated adjustment of the converter preliminary design scheme is still more than 5%, and then the discharge machine preliminary scheme is synchronously adjusted. In one embodiment, if the torque ripple obtained by adding up to 30 times of adjusting the preliminary design scheme of the converter is more than 6.5%, the preliminary scheme of the generator is synchronously adjusted.
Specifically, the adjustment of the generator preliminary scheme includes the following two adjustment schemes:
A. the D/Q shaft inductance is changed, and is increased, so that the torque ripple is facilitated, but the increase of the design value of the D/Q shaft inductance leads to the increase of the cost of the generator, and the economic problem of the scheme needs to be considered;
B. the cogging torque of the motor can be reduced by changing the groove type matching design of the generator. The general case is as designed for a straight slot (straight pole) solution; the motor has the advantages of simple design, relatively easy wire embedding, simple motor production process and the defects of large cogging torque and unfavorable torque pulsation; the use of a skewed slot (ramp) design is beneficial for torque ripple, but the rule insertion process is more complex.
As a further improvement of the above scheme, in step S2, MATLAB combined harmonic simulation is performed under a rated working condition, a working condition corresponding to the lowest rotation speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to the highest rotation speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to 30% rotation speed, and a working condition corresponding to 60% rotation speed, and the simulation can be ended by simulating torque ripple generated by the generator under various working conditions and making the torque ripple less than or equal to 5% under each working condition.
According to the method, the design scheme of the generator and the converter at the beginning of the unit design is repeatedly and iteratively corrected, so that the torque ripple caused by the harmonic current of the converter meets the requirement of the unit design, the cooperative design and the matching design of the generator and the converter are completed, the torque ripple of the unit caused by the current harmonic of the converter is effectively reduced, the influence of the torque ripple on the operation of the generator and the transmission chain of the unit is reduced, and the normal and stable operation of the wind generating set is ensured.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (8)
1. A torque ripple optimization design method of a wind generating set is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, designing a generator preliminary scheme, and establishing a three-dimensional generator model based on Ansoft;
s2, designing a preliminary scheme of the converter, establishing a three-dimensional model of the converter based on MATLAB, taking equivalent parameters of a generator as input of the model of the converter, and performing combined simulation to obtain the three-phase current harmonic content of the converter at the machine side;
s3, adding the three-phase current harmonic content of the machine side converter serving as an excitation source into the three-dimensional model of the generator in Ansoft to perform combined simulation of torque pulsation of a power generation system to obtain a torque pulsation oscillogram of the generator and torque pulsation of the generator;
s4, if the torque ripple is larger than 5%, readjusting the preliminary scheme of the converter, and repeating the step S2 → S3;
and if the torque ripple is less than or equal to 5%, determining a generator design scheme and a converter design scheme and ending the simulation.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising, in step S4, simultaneously adjusting the generator initial solution, and repeating step S1 before repeating step S2 → S3.
3. The torque ripple optimization design method of claim 2, wherein the generator preliminary solution is adjusted synchronously if the torque ripple obtained by adjusting the converter preliminary solution for not less than 30 times is still greater than 5%.
4. The method for optimally designing the torque ripple of the wind generating set according to claim 3, wherein the torque ripple obtained by adjusting the preliminary design scheme of the converter for 30 times in an accumulated manner is more than 6.5 percent, and then the preliminary scheme of the generator is synchronously adjusted.
5. The torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the adjustment of the preliminary scheme of the current transformer comprises changing the carrier ratio of the current transformer and changing the carrier modulation mode of the current transformer.
6. The torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: the generator preliminary scheme adjustment comprises changing D/Q shaft inductance and changing generator slot type matching design.
7. The torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, MATLAB joint harmonic simulation is performed under a rated working condition, a working condition corresponding to the lowest rotating speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to the highest rotating speed of unit operation, a working condition corresponding to 30% rotating speed, and a working condition corresponding to 60% rotating speed, respectively.
8. The torque ripple optimization design method of the wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, the generator torque ripple is a ratio of a peak value to an average value of the torque ripple waveform diagram.
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Effective date of registration: 20210917 Address after: 401122 No. 30 Jinyu Avenue, Jingkaiyuan, North New District of Chongqing Applicant after: CSIC HAIZHUANG WINDPOWER Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: China Shipbuilding Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: 401122 No. 30 Jinyu Avenue, Jingkaiyuan, North New District of Chongqing Applicant before: CSIC HAIZHUANG WINDPOWER Co.,Ltd. |
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