CN110931148A - Cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cable and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110931148A
CN110931148A CN201911067693.5A CN201911067693A CN110931148A CN 110931148 A CN110931148 A CN 110931148A CN 201911067693 A CN201911067693 A CN 201911067693A CN 110931148 A CN110931148 A CN 110931148A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
carbon
fiber
cable
layer
fibers
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Pending
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CN201911067693.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨名
侯红亮
王卫兵
赵志勇
赵大龙
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Hebei Carbon Nano Technology Co Ltd
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Hebei Carbon Nano Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201911067693.5A priority Critical patent/CN110931148A/en
Publication of CN110931148A publication Critical patent/CN110931148A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/0009Details relating to the conductive cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/04Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/02Stranding-up
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06Insulating conductors or cables
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/42Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/08Several wires or the like stranded in the form of a rope
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02Disposition of insulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of space cables, and particularly discloses a cable which comprises a conductive wire core and an insulating protective layer coated on the surface of the conductive wire core, wherein the conductive wire core is formed by stranding or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers. The cable in the embodiment of the invention can meet the power transmission requirement in the aerospace field, has higher flexibility, reduces the weight of the cable, has simple process and is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Cable and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of space cables, in particular to a cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, commercial aerospace development is fierce, and aerospace cables need to meet various extreme environment requirements such as light weight, high flexibility, reliability of performance not reduced under bending, high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance and the like besides meeting the electric transmission performance, so that the aerospace cables are high-end products in the cable industry. The existing space cable generally adopts a single or multiple metal materials such as silver, copper and the like as a transmission conductor material, the weight reduction difficulty of the cable is extremely high due to the intrinsic characteristics of the cable, and meanwhile, the flexibility of the cable is poor due to the intrinsic weight of the metal materials. And the requirements of emerging applications such as high-altitude aircrafts, near-orbit small aircrafts, minisatellites, constellations and the like which are in the future are difficult to meet.
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a novel cable.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a cable and a preparation method thereof, which can meet the power transmission requirement in the aerospace field, have higher flexibility, reduce the weight of the cable, have simple process and are suitable for industrial production.
In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a cable, including a conductive core and an insulating protective layer covering a surface of the conductive core, where the conductive core is formed by twisting or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers.
In addition, a cable according to the invention may also have the following additional technical features:
according to one embodiment of the invention, the cable comprises a conductive wire core and an insulating protection layer coated on the surface of the conductive wire core, wherein the conductive wire core is formed by stranding or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the carbon-based conductor fiber is 1um-150 um. Preferably, the diameter of the carbon-based conductor fiber may be 30um to 100 um. Specifically, the carbon-based conductor fiber may have a diameter of 30um, 60um, 100 um.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the carbon-based conductor fiber comprises a carbon-based fiber.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon-based conductor fiber further includes a metal layer coated on a surface of the carbon-based fiber.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon-based fiber is selected from any one of carbon nanotube fiber, graphene fiber, and carbon fiber. Preferably, the carbon-based fiber may be a carbon nanotube fiber, but may also be a graphene fiber or a carbon fiber.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the metal layer is selected from any one or a mixture of two or more of a copper layer, a silver layer, an iron layer, an aluminum layer, a nickel layer, a cobalt layer, and a gold layer.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the metal layer is 1nm-30 um. Preferably, the thickness of the metal layer may be 1-30um, and specifically may be 1nm, 15um, 30 um.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the insulating protective layer is a high polymer insulating layer, and the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, silica gel, TPV, TPU, TPE, TPR, mica, glass fiber, aramid fiber, and polyaryletherketone. Preferably, the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, but may also be selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, silica gel, TPV, TPU, TPE, TPR, mica, glass fiber, aramid, and polyaryletherketone.
In addition, a second embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of the cable, which includes the following steps: stranding or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core;
and forming an insulating protection layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
In addition, the preparation method of the cable can also have the following additional technical characteristics:
according to one embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the following steps:
the carbon-based conductor fiber includes a carbon-based fiber and a copper layer formed on a surface of the carbon-based fiber;
and drawing a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers with metal layers formed on the surfaces, and then twisting or weaving the carbon-based conductor fibers.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a metal layer is formed on the surface of the carbon-based conductive fiber by using electroplating, electroless plating, vacuum ion sputtering, or vacuum evaporation. Preferably, a metal layer is formed on the surface of the carbon-based conductor fiber by using an electroplating method.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the conditions of the twisting are: the twisting speed is 0.1-100m/min, and the twisting distance is 0.3-30 mm. Preferably, the twisting speed may be 0.1m/min, 50m/min, 100m/min, and the lay length may be 0.3mm, 15mm, 30 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cable in the embodiment of the invention only needs to form the insulating protective layer on the surface of the conductive wire core, and does not need to coat the insulating shielding layer, the outer protective layer and the like, so that the cable in the embodiment has the advantages of simpler structure, lighter weight, higher flexibility, convenience in knotting and capability of being quickly untied;
2. the stranding is to assemble a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers with certain orientation and twist, and the carbon-based conductor fibers form resultant force through interface action, so that the stranding is more suitable for industrial production;
3. a metal-to-nonmetal interface exists between the metal layer and the carbon-based fiber before the drawing process is performedThe surface bonding problem causes the carbon-based fiber coated with the metal layer to present non-compact granular state and the conductivity can only reach 105-106S/m, the wire made of the alloy has larger resistance and larger heat generation. In this embodiment, the stranded carbon-based conductor fiber is further subjected to a drawing process, so that the metal covered on the surface of the carbon-based conductor fiber is densified, thereby obtaining better electrical properties, the electrical properties of which can reach 107And (5) S/m. In addition, the mechanical property and flexibility of the carbon-based conductor fiber can be improved through drawing treatment;
4. the cable in the embodiment of the invention has better application performance in the field of aerospace power transmission.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
FIG. 1 is a photograph showing a knot in a cable according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of FIG. 1 with the cable exploded;
FIG. 3 is an SEM scanning electron micrograph of a carbon-based fiber after drawing in example 4;
fig. 4 is an SEM scanning electron micrograph of the carbon-based fiber not drawn in comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that in various embodiments of the invention, numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment relates to a cable, this cable includes conductive core and cladding in the insulating protective layer on conductive core surface, and conductive core uses many carbon base conductor fiber strands to form, and wherein, insulating protective layer's material is selected from ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and carbon base conductor fiber includes carbon base fiber, and carbon base fiber can be selected from carbon nanotube fiber, and the diameter is 30um, and the diameter of whole conductive core is 0.1mm, and the whole diameter of cable is 0.6 mm. The method for preparing the cable specifically comprises the following steps:
stranding a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core; wherein, the twisting speed can be 0.1m/min, and the twisting distance can be 0.3 mm.
And forming an insulating protective layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
Through detection, the direct current resistance of the cable is less than or equal to 0.1 omega/m, the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 600N, as shown in the figure 1-2, the cable in the embodiment can be knotted and untied at any radius and even 0 radius, the knotted bending radius is not higher than 0.3mm, the weight of the cable in unit length is lower than 60% of that of the traditional cable with the same diameter, and the weight reduction effect is obvious.
Example 2
The embodiment relates to a cable, this cable includes conductive core and cladding in the insulating protective layer on conductive core surface, and conductive core uses many carbon base conductor fiber to weave and forms, and wherein, insulating protective layer's material is selected from ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and carbon base conductor fiber includes carbon base fiber, and carbon base fiber can be selected from carbon nanotube fiber, and the diameter is 30um, and the diameter of whole conductive core is 0.1mm, and the whole diameter of cable is 0.6 mm. The method for preparing the cable specifically comprises the following steps:
weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core; wherein, the twisting speed can be 0.1m/min, and the twisting distance can be 0.3 mm.
And forming an insulating protective layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
Through detection, the direct current resistance of the cable is less than or equal to 0.1 omega/m, the tensile strength is greater than or equal to 600N, as shown in the figure 1-2, the cable in the embodiment can be knotted and untied at any radius and even 0 radius, the knotted bending radius is not higher than 0.3mm, the weight of the cable in unit length is lower than 60% of that of the traditional cable with the same diameter, and the weight reduction effect is obvious.
Example 3
The embodiment relates to a cable, this cable includes conductive core and cladding in the insulating protective layer on conductive core surface, conductive core uses many carbon base conductor fiber to weave and forms, wherein, insulating protective layer's material is selected from ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, carbon base conductor fiber's diameter is 100um, carbon base conductor fiber includes carbon base fiber and in the copper layer of carbon base fiber's surface cladding, copper layer thickness is 1um, wherein, carbon base fiber can be selected from carbon nanotube fiber, the diameter of whole conductive core is about 2.3mm, the whole diameter of cable is 3.0 mm. The method for preparing the cable specifically comprises the following steps:
weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core;
and forming an insulating protection layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
The carbon-based conductor fiber includes a carbon-based fiber and a copper layer formed on a surface of the carbon-based fiber;
and drawing a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers with metal layers formed on the surfaces, and then weaving.
Preferably, the copper layer may be formed on the surface of the carbon-based fiber by an electroless plating method.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the carbon-based fiber with the copper layer electroplated on the surface is subjected to the drawing process, so that the copper covered on the surface of the carbon-based fiber is more dense, the diameter of the carbon-based fiber is reduced, the electrical property of the carbon-based fiber is improved, and the electrical property of the carbon-based fiber can reach 107S/m。
The detection shows that the direct current resistance is less than or equal to 0.1 omega/m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 500N, the knotting and the untwisting can be carried out at any radius even at 0 radius, the bending radius of the knotting is not more than 0.3mm, the weight of the cable in unit length is lower than 50 percent of that of the traditional cable with the same diameter, and the weight reduction effect is obvious.
Example 4
The embodiment relates to a cable, this cable includes conductive core and cladding in the insulating protective layer on conductive core surface, conductive core uses many carbon base conductor fiber strands to form, wherein, insulating protective layer's material is selected from ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, carbon base conductor fiber's diameter is 100um, carbon base conductor fiber includes carbon base fiber and in the copper layer of carbon base fiber's surface cladding, copper layer thickness is 1um, wherein, carbon base fiber can be selected from carbon nanotube fiber, the diameter of whole conductive core is about 2.3mm, the whole diameter of cable is 3.0 mm. The method for preparing the cable specifically comprises the following steps:
stranding a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core;
and forming an insulating protection layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
The carbon-based conductor fiber includes a carbon-based fiber and a copper layer formed on a surface of the carbon-based fiber;
and drawing a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers with metal layers formed on the surfaces, and then twisting.
Preferably, the copper layer may be formed on the surface of the carbon-based fiber by an electroless plating method.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the carbon-based fiber with the copper layer electroplated on the surface is subjected to the drawing process, so that the copper covered on the surface of the carbon-based fiber is more dense, the diameter of the carbon-based fiber is reduced, the electrical property of the carbon-based fiber is improved, and the electrical property of the carbon-based fiber can reach 107S/m。
The detection shows that the direct current resistance is less than or equal to 0.1 omega/m, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 500N, the knotting and the untwisting can be carried out at any radius even at 0 radius, the bending radius of the knotting is not more than 0.3mm, the weight of the cable in unit length is lower than 50 percent of that of the traditional cable with the same diameter, and the weight reduction effect is obvious.
Comparative example 1
Compared with example 4, the difference is that the drawing process is not performed,
SEM electron microscope scanning was performed on the carbon-based fiber after the drawing treatment in example 4 and the carbon-based fiber in comparative example 1, specifically as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the copper covered on the surface of the carbon-based fiber after the drawing treatment in example 4 was denser than the carbon-based fiber in comparative example 1, thereby improving the conductivity thereof.
Comparative example 2
The cable of example 4 and the conventional cable purchased from the market with the same length and diameter are selected, and knotting radii of the cable and the conventional cable are compared, wherein the comparison result is as follows: the knotted radius of the cable of example 4 is much smaller than that of the conventional cable, and thus it can be seen that the cable of example 4 is more flexible and has a smaller knotted radius.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific embodiments for practicing the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.

Claims (12)

1. The cable is characterized by comprising a conductive wire core and an insulating protective layer coated on the surface of the conductive wire core, wherein the conductive wire core is formed by stranding or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers.
2. The cable of claim 1, wherein the carbon-based conductor fiber has a diameter of 1um to 150 um.
3. The cable of claim 2, wherein the carbon-based conductor fiber comprises a carbon-based fiber.
4. The cable of claim 3, wherein the carbon-based conductor fiber further comprises a metal layer coated on a surface of the carbon-based fiber.
5. The cable according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the carbon-based fibers are selected from any one of carbon nanotube fibers, graphene fibers, carbon fibers or a mixture of two or more thereof.
6. The cable according to claim 4, wherein the metal layer is selected from any one of copper layer, silver layer, iron layer, aluminum layer, nickel layer, cobalt layer, gold layer or a mixture of two or more thereof.
7. The cable of claim 4, wherein the metal layer has a thickness of 1nm-30 um.
8. The cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the insulating protective layer is a high polymer insulating layer, and the material of the insulating protective layer is selected from one or a mixture of two or more of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, silica gel, TPV, TPU, TPE, TPR, mica, glass fiber, aramid, and polyaryletherketone.
9. A method for preparing a cable according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
stranding or weaving a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers to obtain a conductive wire core;
and forming an insulating protection layer on the surface of the conductive wire core.
10. The method of making a cable according to claim 9, further comprising the steps of:
the carbon-based conductor fiber includes a carbon-based fiber and a metal layer formed on a surface of the carbon-based fiber;
and drawing a plurality of carbon-based conductor fibers with metal layers formed on the surfaces, and then twisting or weaving the carbon-based conductor fibers.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the metal layer is formed on the surface of the carbon-based conductive fiber by electroplating, electroless plating, vacuum ion sputtering, or vacuum evaporation.
12. The method of manufacturing a cable according to claim 9, wherein the stranding conditions are: the twisting speed is 0.1-100m/min, and the twisting distance is 0.3-30 mm.
CN201911067693.5A 2019-11-04 2019-11-04 Cable and preparation method thereof Pending CN110931148A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004146081A (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Electric wire for automobile and its manufacturing method
CN202887771U (en) * 2012-07-29 2013-04-17 安徽纵横高科电缆股份有限公司 Automobile insulating wire reinforced by adopting carbon fiber
CN105845218A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-10 中天科技装备电缆有限公司 Light total carbon cable and preparation method
CN106049034A (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-26 矢崎总业株式会社 Plated fiber, carbon fiber, wire harness and plating method
CN106192079A (en) * 2016-08-25 2016-12-07 北京浩运盛跃新材料科技有限公司 The draw systems of plated film carbon nano-tube fibre and method
CN107545948A (en) * 2016-06-23 2018-01-05 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Flexible wire and preparation method thereof
CN110310765A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-10-08 深圳烯湾科技有限公司 A kind of carbon nanotube enameled wire and its application

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2004146081A (en) * 2002-10-21 2004-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Electric wire for automobile and its manufacturing method
CN202887771U (en) * 2012-07-29 2013-04-17 安徽纵横高科电缆股份有限公司 Automobile insulating wire reinforced by adopting carbon fiber
CN106049034A (en) * 2015-04-02 2016-10-26 矢崎总业株式会社 Plated fiber, carbon fiber, wire harness and plating method
CN105845218A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-08-10 中天科技装备电缆有限公司 Light total carbon cable and preparation method
CN107545948A (en) * 2016-06-23 2018-01-05 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 Flexible wire and preparation method thereof
CN106192079A (en) * 2016-08-25 2016-12-07 北京浩运盛跃新材料科技有限公司 The draw systems of plated film carbon nano-tube fibre and method
CN110310765A (en) * 2019-06-04 2019-10-08 深圳烯湾科技有限公司 A kind of carbon nanotube enameled wire and its application

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