CN110931132B - Method for judging development stage of tooth germ - Google Patents
Method for judging development stage of tooth germ Download PDFInfo
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- CN110931132B CN110931132B CN201911421127.XA CN201911421127A CN110931132B CN 110931132 B CN110931132 B CN 110931132B CN 201911421127 A CN201911421127 A CN 201911421127A CN 110931132 B CN110931132 B CN 110931132B
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- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
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- G06T7/60—Analysis of geometric attributes
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- G06V10/26—Segmentation of patterns in the image field; Cutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniques; Detection of occlusion
- G06V10/267—Segmentation of patterns in the image field; Cutting or merging of image elements to establish the pattern region, e.g. clustering-based techniques; Detection of occlusion by performing operations on regions, e.g. growing, shrinking or watersheds
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging a tooth germ development stage, which comprises the following steps: performing imaging photographing on the tooth germ to obtain an imaging image of the tooth germ; importing the imaging image into three-dimensional drawing software, selecting a tooth germ penetration-resistant calcified area in the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth germ penetration-Resistant Calcified (RCA) area, and creating a mask for generating the tooth germ penetration-resistant calcified image to obtain the RCA area; selecting a tooth sac (DF) area from the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth sac area, and creating a tooth sac image mask to obtain the DF area; calculating the area ratio of RCA/DF; and judging the stage of tooth germ development according to the obtained ratio. The dental germ penetration-resisting calcification area and the dental sac area are accurately calibrated through the imaging image, the ratio of the dental germ penetration-resisting calcification area to the dental sac area is calculated, the obtained ratio is accurate and strong in objectivity, the subjectivity and the error of artificial judgment are effectively eliminated, and the dental germ development stage is more accurate to judge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tooth germ development, and particularly relates to a method for judging a tooth germ development stage.
Background
The evaluation of the development stage of the teeth is an important content for predicting the age and the age of the teeth, and has important significance for accurate diagnosis, reasonable treatment, forensic identification and the like of oral diseases. At present, the reference indexes for evaluating tooth development and calcification degree which are commonly used in clinic are mainly determined based on radiology images and human eyes, and information can be provided to assist clinical diagnosis and treatment to a certain extent.
However, the traditional judgment method depends on human eyes for judgment, and has certain subjectivity. Due to the influences of factors such as personal habits of doctors, hospital practicing, education background, mastering standards and the like, the judgment results of different regions, different hospitals and different doctors may have differences, the repeatability is low, and the efficiency is low. In addition, because the doctor is busy in diagnosis and treatment, the problems of misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and the like can also occur.
With the rapid development of science and technology, the intelligent image recognition processing technology is also rapidly developed, and the intelligent image recognition processing technology is applied to medical imaging diagnosis, so that the technical problems can be effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for judging the development stage of a dental germ, which has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation, rapidness and accuracy.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for judging the development stage of a dental germ comprises the following steps:
(1) performing imaging photographing on the tooth germ to obtain an imaging image of the tooth germ;
(2) importing the imaging image into three-dimensional drawing software, selecting a tooth germ radio-calcified (RCA) area in the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth germ radio-calcified area, removing an interference part of the tooth germ radio-calcified area, and creating a mask for generating the tooth germ radio-calcified area so as to obtain the area or volume of the tooth germ radio-calcified area;
(3) selecting a tooth sac region from the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth sac region to remove an interference part of the tooth sac region, and creating a generated tooth sac image mask so as to obtain the area or volume of the tooth sac;
(4) calculating the area ratio or the volume ratio of the tooth germ irradiation-blocking calcification to the tooth sac according to the area or the volume of the tooth germ irradiation-blocking calcification and the area or the volume of the tooth sac, and calculating by the following formula:
the area ratio of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area to the tooth capsule is equal to the area of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area/the area of the tooth capsule;
the volume ratio of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area to the tooth capsule is equal to the volume of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area/the volume of the tooth capsule;
(5) establishing a database of a tooth germ development stage according to the area ratio of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area to the tooth capsule or the volume ratio of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area to the tooth capsule in the step (4) to form a comparison card of the tooth germ development stage;
(6) collecting the tooth germ to be measured, obtaining the area ratio or the volume ratio of the tooth germ occlusion calcification to the tooth capsule of the tooth germ to be measured according to the operations of the steps (1) to (4), and judging the development stage of the tooth germ to be measured according to the comparison card in the step (5).
In the technical scheme, the segmentation threshold value set for the area of the tooth germ subjected to the occlusion and calcification in the step (2) is-866-1908.
In the above technical solution, in the step (2), after the selected tooth germ occlusion calcified area is segmented, the threshold is adjusted on the initial segmentation threshold to remove the interference part of the tooth germ occlusion calcified area.
In the above technical means, the segmentation threshold set for the area of the dental capsule in the step (3) is from-499 to-1004.
In the above technical solution, in the step (3), after the selected dental capsule region is segmented, the threshold is further adjusted on the initial segmentation threshold to remove the interference part of the dental capsule region.
In the above technical solution, the three-dimensional rendering software adopts a mics software.
In the above technical solution, the imaging image includes an X-ray image, a CBCT image, or a curved tomographic image.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the dental germ penetration-resistant calcification area and the dental sac area are accurately calibrated through the imaging image, the ratio of the dental germ penetration-resistant calcification area to the dental sac area is calculated, the calculated ratio is accurate, the objectivity is high, the subjectivity and the error of manual judgment in the medical field are effectively eliminated, the dental germ development stage is judged more accurately through the ratio, the repeatability is good, and the reliability is high.
2. The imaging images are digitally processed by using the Mimics analysis software, so that the sensitivity is high and the measured value is accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of Nolla grading, X-ray film, measurement and analysis of the dental germ development stage of example 1,
wherein, fig. 1a is a diagram of the tooth calcification staging of Nolla, fig. 1b is an X-ray film of the collected sample, and fig. 1c is a marked image of the collected sample in the rendering software;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the RCA/DF value-Nolla staging in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the correlation between the stage of development of tooth germ obtained by the measurement method in example 1 and the stage of development of tooth germ evaluated conventionally;
FIG. 4 is an X-ray photograph, a microscopic view and a histological observation of a sample collected in the comparative example,
wherein, fig. 4a is a dental germ X-ray film of a collected sample at different development stages, fig. 4b is an observation image of the collected sample under a root canal surgery microscope with 10 times magnification, and fig. 4c is a histological HE staining result of the collected sample;
FIG. 5 is the HE staining result of a hard tissue section of the sample collected in example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of CBCT analysis of a sample collected in example 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the analysis of the curved fault layer of the sample collected in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. This detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is to be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that the upper and lower limits of the range, and each intervening value therebetween, is specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict between any incorporated documents, the present specification, including all documents, will control.
Example 1
In this example, the pig teeth were used as the measurement target for the study.
The method for judging the tooth germ development stage of the pig teeth comprises the following steps:
(1) using a fresh in-vitro mandible specimen of a healthy pig of 5-9 months of age, cutting the mandible specimen from a middle sagittal plane by using a hard tissue slicer to obtain samples of a second molar and a third molar separation section, and shooting an X-ray image of the samples of the separation sections;
(2) importing the X-ray image into Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ radio-Resistive Calcification (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the X-ray image through the software to select the tooth germ radio-Resistive Calcification (RCA) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, and setting the segmentation threshold of the RCA to be-857-769; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ calcification area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ calcification area to be selected is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing the interference part of the tooth germ calcification area, creating and generating a tooth germ calcification area mask, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the area of the RCA area;
(3) presetting an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area in Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the X-ray image in the step (1) through the software, selecting the dental capsule (DF) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, and setting the segmentation threshold value of DF to be-856-871. Carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule region again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule region is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF region to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) region, creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the area of the DF region;
(4) according to the area of the RCA and the area of the DF, the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of the tooth germ resisting calcification to the area of the tooth capsule is calculated by the following formula:
area ratio (RCA/DF) of tooth germ calcium-resistant area in tooth capsule ═ area of tooth germ calcium-resistant area (RCA)/area of tooth capsule (DF)
(5) Establishing a database of the development stages of the tooth germ of the pig tooth through the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of the tooth germ retardant calcification to the area of the tooth capsule in the step (4), and forming a comparison card of the development stages of the tooth germ of the pig tooth, as shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of development stages of tooth germ of pig teeth
| Phases | RCA value | DF value | RCA/ |
| 1 | 0 | 4431 | 0.000 |
| 2 | 365 | 9696 | 0.036 |
| 3 | 1989 | 17353 | 0.110 |
| 4 | 4766 | 18481 | 0.257 |
| 5 | 6455 | 21476 | 0.301 |
| 6 | 7979 | 20639 | 0.387 |
(6) Collecting 20 pairs of fresh isolated mandible samples of 5-9 months old healthy pigs, cutting the mandible samples into two parts which are symmetrical in a left-right mirror mode from a middle sagittal plane by using a hard tissue microtome, sequentially numbering SML1, SML2, SML3, SML4, … … SML20, SMR1, SMR2, SMR3, SMR4 and … … SMR20 of the samples which are separated and sliced, counting 40 samples in total, and shooting X-rays of each sample to obtain X-ray images of 80 samples of mandibular second constant molar or third constant molar tooth germ to be measured;
(7) and importing the X-ray image into Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ radio-Resistive Calcification (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the X-ray image through the software, selecting the tooth germ radio-Resistive Calcification (RCA) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, and setting the segmentation threshold of the RCA to be-857-769. Carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ calcium-resistant area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ calcium-resistant area to be selected is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing the interference part of the tooth germ calcium-Resistant (RCA) area, and creating and generating a tooth germ calcium-resistant image mask so as to obtain the area of the RCA area through Mimics software calculation;
(8) an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area is preset in the Mimics software, the software draws an initial contour line in the X-ray image in the step (1) to select the dental capsule (DF) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, and the segmentation threshold value set for DF is-856-871. Carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule region again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule region is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF region to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) region, creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the area of the DF region;
(9) according to the area of the RCA and the area of DF, calculating the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of tooth germ resistance calcification to the area of tooth capsule, and calculating by the following formula:
area ratio (RCA/DF) of tooth germ calcium-resistant area in tooth capsule (RCA)/area (DF) of tooth germ calcium-resistant area
(10) And (3) comparing the ratio obtained in the step (9) with the comparison card in the table 1 to objectively and accurately judge the tooth germ development stage of the pig teeth of the same species.
Further, the calculated ratio RCA/DF based on the number of samples, the area of the tooth germ calcium occlusion (RCA) and the area of the tooth capsule (DF) was shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 ratio of sample number, area of zone of occlusion calcification of tooth germ to area of tooth capsule and calculated
Wherein, the H value and the P value in Table 2 are numerical values in the field of statistics.
And comparing the RCA/DF ratio obtained in the table 2 with the data of the comparison card in the table 1, wherein the tooth germ development stage of the pig tooth to be measured accurately falls into the numerical range of the comparison card, and the tooth germ development stage of the pig tooth is objectively and accurately judged.
Comparative example
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the verification of the mirror-symmetric tooth germ sample in example 1 by visual inspection and histomorphometry comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the mandible specimen of the pig of the embodiment 120 in 10 v/v% formalin for fixation for 24h to prevent the tissue disintegration of the specimen, and washing 3 times by using phosphate buffer solution with the molar concentration of 0.01M after full fixation;
s2, soaking the mandible sample in an EDTA solution with the mass fraction of 20% for demineralization, and replacing the demineralization solution once every 5 days until the mandible sample is completely demineralized;
s3, cutting 20 mandible samples into tissue blocks containing a second constant molar (M2) or a third constant molar (M3) of the mandible, dehydrating, embedding, slicing and HE staining the tissue blocks of the second constant molar (M2) or the third constant molar (M3), and observing by using a microscope to obtain histomorphometry observation results of M2 and M3;
s3, double-blind interpretation is carried out according to the tissue morphology observation results of M2 and M3 in S3, and the comparison is carried out with the ratio result obtained in the example 1.
X-ray images, HE staining reference nola grading blind reading results and Mimics measurements from example 1 of mandibular samples are shown in table 3:
table 3: comparison of Nolla Classification with Mimics measurements
As can be seen from Table 3, the tooth germ stage judged by the Mimics software has significant correlation with the artificial blind reading result according to the Nolla grading, and the RCA/DF ratio calculated by the Mimics software can be used as an objective and effective method.
Furthermore, the determination method described in example 1 has significant correlation with the traditional Nolla grading comparison, the database comparison card established by the method is objective and accurate, and the sample to be measured can be calculated and processed by the determination method of example 1 to accurately determine the development stage of the tooth germ of the pig tooth.
Example 2
In this example, the pig teeth were used as the measurement target for the study. As shown in the figure 6 of the drawings,
(1) using a mandible specimen freshly isolated from a healthy pig of 5-9 months of age, cutting the mandible specimen from a middle sagittal plane by using a hard tissue slicer to obtain samples of second molar and third molar separation sections, and shooting CBCT on the samples of the separation sections to obtain CBCT images;
(2) importing the CBCT image into a Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ radio-calcified (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in an X-ray image through the software, selecting the tooth germ radio-calcified (RCA) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, and setting the segmentation threshold of the RCA to be 615-1908; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ calcification area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ calcification area to be selected is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing the interference part of the tooth germ calcification area, creating and generating a tooth germ calcification area mask, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the volume of the RCA area;
(3) presetting an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area in Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the X-ray image in the step (1) through the software to select the dental capsule (DF) area in the X-ray image for segmentation, wherein the segmentation threshold value set for DF is-499-682; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule area again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule area is close to the threshold in the X-ray image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF area to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) area, creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the volume of the DF area;
(4) according to the volume of the RCA and the volume of the DF, the ratio (RCA/DF) of the volume of the tooth germ resisting calcification to the volume of the tooth capsule is calculated by the following formula:
the volume ratio (RCA/DF) of the tooth germ calcium penetration resisting area in the tooth pocket is equal to the volume of the tooth germ calcium penetration resisting area (RCA)/the volume of the tooth pocket (DF)
(5) Establishing a database of the development stage of the tooth germ of the pig by using the ratio (RCA/DF) of the volume of the tooth germ retardant calcification to the volume of the tooth capsule in the step (4) to form a comparison card of the development stage of the tooth germ.
(6) Collecting 20 pairs of fresh isolated mandible samples of 5-9 month old healthy pigs, cutting the mandible samples into two parts which are mirror symmetrical from the middle sagittal plane by using a hard tissue microtome, sequentially numbering the samples of the separated slices as SML1, SML2, SML3, SML4, … … SML20, SMR1, SMR2, SMR3, SMR4 and … … SMR20, counting 40 samples in total, and shooting CBCT (cubic boron computed tomography) for each sample to obtain CBCT images of 80 mandibular second constant molar or third constant molar tooth germ samples to be measured;
(7) importing the CBC image into a Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ calcium Rejection (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the CBCT image through the software, selecting the tooth germ calcium rejection area (RCA) area in the CBCT image for segmentation, setting the RCA with the segmentation threshold of 615-1908, carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ calcium rejection area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ calcium rejection area to be selected is close to the threshold in the CBCT image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing an interference part of the tooth germ calcium Rejection (RCA) area, and creating a mask for generating the tooth germ calcium rejection image, thereby obtaining the volume of the RCA area through the Mimics software;
(8) presetting an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area in Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the CBCT image in the step (1) through the software to select the dental capsule (DF) area in the CBCT image for segmentation, wherein the segmentation threshold value set for DF is-499-682; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule region again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule region is close to the threshold in the CBCT image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF region to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) region, creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the volume of the DF region;
(9) according to the volume of the RCA and the volume of the DF, the ratio (RCA/DF) of the volume of the tooth germ resisting calcification to the volume of the tooth capsule is calculated by the following formula:
the ratio of the volume of the tooth germ calcium-resistant area in the tooth capsule (RCA/DF) is the volume of the tooth germ calcium-resistant area (RCA)/the volume of the tooth capsule (DF)
(10) And (4) comparing the ratio obtained in the step (9) with the comparison card in the step (5) to objectively and accurately judge the tooth germ development stage of the pig teeth of the same species.
Further, the measured values of the number of samples, the area volume of the tooth germ calcium-blocking (RCA) and the area volume of the tooth capsule (DF), and the calculated ratio RCA/DF are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 sample stage, measurement of volume of region of occlusion calcified by tooth germ and volume of tooth capsule, and calculated ratio
Example 3
In this example, the human teeth were used as the measurement target for the study.
78 full-mouth curved surface fault slices (recording the birth date, sex and ethnicity of patients) shot by patients are selected from children stomatology departments of Tianjin City, oral hospitals from 2019 month 1 to 2019 month 9, wherein 40 cases of men and 38 cases of women are selected, and the ages of the patients are 2-7 years old; selection of the imaging patient: 1) the curved surface fault layer is clear; 2) the second bruxism of lower jaw is in stage 6 and before stage 6 of Nolla grading; 3) has no cleft lip and palate, and incomplete development of dentin, etc.
As shown in fig. 7, the method for determining the developmental stage of tooth germ in children's teeth according to the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) shooting a curved surface fault layer sheet by using children aged 2-7 years and the mandibular second molar tooth embryo to obtain a curved surface fault image;
(2) importing the curved surface fault slice image into a Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ Resistance Calcification (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the curved surface fault image through the Mimics software, selecting the tooth germ Resistance Calcification (RCA) area in the curved surface fault image for segmentation, setting the RCA with a segmentation threshold of-769 to-886, carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ Resistance Calcification (RCA) area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ resistance calcification area to be selected is close to the threshold in the curved surface fault image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing an interference part of the tooth germ Resistance Calcification (RCA) area, and creating and generating a tooth germ resistance calcification image mask, thereby obtaining the area of the RCA area through the Mimics software calculation;
(3) presetting an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area in Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the curved surface tomography image in the step (1) through the Mimics software, selecting the dental capsule (DF) area in the curved surface tomography image to be segmented, and setting the segmentation threshold value of DF to be-932-1004; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule (DF) area again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule area is close to the threshold in the curved surface tomograph, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF area to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) area, creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, and calculating by Mimics software to obtain the area of the DF area;
(4) according to the area of the RCA and the area of the DF, the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of the tooth germ resisting calcification to the area of the tooth capsule is calculated by the following formula:
the area ratio (RCA/DF) of the tooth germ penetration-resistant calcified area in the tooth capsule is the area of tooth germ penetration-Resistant Calcified Area (RCA)/the area of tooth capsule (DF);
(5) establishing a database of tooth germ development stages of the teeth of the children according to the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of the tooth germ resistance calcification to the area of the tooth capsule in the step (4), and forming a comparison card of the tooth germ development stages of the teeth of the children, as shown in the table 5:
table 5: tooth embryo development stage comparison card for human teeth (children)
| Phases | RCA value | DF value | RCA/ |
| 1 | 0 | 6675 | 0.000 |
| 2 | 1134 | 10394 | 0.081 |
| 3 | 2965 | 12557 | 0.217 |
| 4 | 4919 | 15344 | 0.300 |
| 5 | 7071 | 16722 | 0.419 |
| 6 | 7921 | 17208 | 0.462 |
(6) Collecting 78 curved surface fault slices of children with 2-7 years old without influencing tooth development diseases to obtain 78 curved surface fault slice images;
(7) importing the curved surface fault image into a Mimics software, presetting an initial threshold of a tooth germ calcium Resistance (RCA) area in the Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the curved surface fault image through the software, selecting the tooth germ calcium Resistance (RCA) area in the curved surface fault image for segmentation, setting the RCA with the segmentation threshold of-769 to-886, carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected tooth germ calcium resistance area again according to the initial contour line (when the tooth germ calcium resistance area to be selected is close to the threshold in the curved surface fault image, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected RCA area to be accurate), removing an interference part of the tooth germ calcium Resistance (RCA) area, and creating and generating a tooth germ calcium resistance image version, thereby obtaining the area of the RCA area through the computation of the Mimics software;
(8) presetting an initial threshold value of a dental capsule (DF) area in Mimics software, drawing an initial contour line in the curved surface tomography image in the step (1) through the software, selecting the dental capsule (DF) area in the curved surface tomography image for segmentation, and setting the segmentation threshold value of DF to be-932-1004; carrying out threshold adjustment on the selected dental capsule region again according to the initial contour line (when the required selected dental capsule region is close to the threshold in the curved surface tomograph, manually editing and adjusting the threshold again to enable the selected DF region to be accurate), removing the interference part of the dental capsule (DF) region, and creating and generating a dental capsule (DF) image, so that the area of the DF region is calculated through Mimics software;
(9) according to the area of the RCA and the area of the DF, the ratio (RCA/DF) of the area of the tooth germ resisting calcification to the area of the tooth capsule is calculated by the following formula:
area ratio (RCA/DF) of tooth germ calcium-resistant area in tooth capsule ═ area of tooth germ calcium-resistant area (RCA)/area of tooth capsule (DF)
(10) And (4) comparing the ratio obtained in the step (9) with the comparison card in the table 5 to objectively and accurately judge the development stage of the mandibular second molar tooth germ of the child.
Further, the measured values of the area of tooth germ calcium-blocking (RCA) and the area of tooth capsule (DF) based on the number of samples and the calculated ratio RCA/DF are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 ratio of sample number, area of zone of occlusion and calcification of tooth germ to area of tooth capsule and calculated
Wherein, the H and P values in table 6 are values in the field of statistics; the area of the tooth germ and the tooth capsule is pixel 2 ,H＝66.69，P＝4.999E-13<0.05 that the difference in the ratio of the area of the tooth germ occupying the tooth capsule at different degrees of development is statistically significant, wherein P is 1:4 ＝0.011<0.05，P 1:5 ＝0.000<0.05，P 1:6 ＝0.000<0.05，P 2:5 ＝0.000<0.05,P 2:6 ＝0.000<0.05，P 3:6 ＝0.000<0.05，P 4:6 ＝0.033<0.05。
In the process of measuring and judging the tooth germ development stage of the teeth of the children, X-ray films and CBCT can be shot for the teeth of the children, the area or the volume of a tooth germ occlusion calcified area (RCA) and the area or the volume of a tooth sac area (DF) are measured, the RCA/DF is calculated, and the tooth germ development stage is judged according to the RCA/DF.
In summary, the following steps: by adopting the imaging data of an X-ray film, a curved surface fault layer film or CBCT (Cone Beam computed tomography), and by means of Mimics software, the areas or the volumes of the occlusion calcified area and the dental capsule area of the mandibular second constant molar tooth of a juvenile child are measured and calculated, the RCA/DF ratio can be obtained, and a comparison card of the developmental stages of the mandibular second constant molar tooth of the child is formed, so that the dental germ development stage comparison card can be used for objectively judging the developmental stage of the dental germ and has wide prospects in the fields of diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases of children, forensic identification and the like.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an upper and a lower orientation. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between such elements.
The invention being thus described by way of example, it should be understood that any simple alterations, modifications or other equivalent alterations as would be within the skill of the art without the exercise of inventive faculty, are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for judging a tooth germ development stage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) performing imaging photographing on the tooth germ to obtain an imaging image of the tooth germ;
(2) importing the imaging image into three-dimensional drawing software, selecting a tooth germ Radio Calcified (RCA) area in the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth germ Radio Calcified (RCA) area, removing an interference part of the tooth germ Radio Calcified (RCA) area, and creating a generated tooth germ Radio Calcified (RCA) image mask so as to obtain the area or volume of the tooth germ radio calcified area;
(3) selecting a tooth sac region from the imaging image, segmenting and editing the selected tooth sac region to remove an interference part of the tooth sac region, and creating a generated tooth sac image mask so as to obtain the area or volume of the tooth sac;
(4) calculating the area ratio or the volume ratio of the tooth germ irradiation-blocking calcification to the tooth sac according to the area or the volume of the tooth germ irradiation-blocking calcification and the area or the volume of the tooth sac, and calculating by the following formula:
the area ratio of the tooth germ calcification-blocking area to the tooth capsule is equal to the area of the tooth germ calcification-blocking area/the area of the tooth capsule;
the volume ratio of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area to the tooth capsule is equal to the volume of the tooth germ calcium-blocking area/the volume of the tooth capsule;
(5) establishing a database of a tooth germ development stage according to the area ratio of the tooth germ penetration-resistant calcified area to the tooth capsule or the volume ratio of the tooth germ penetration-resistant calcified area to the tooth capsule in the step (4) to form a comparison card of the tooth germ development stage;
(6) collecting a tooth germ to be measured, obtaining the area ratio or the volume ratio of tooth germ resistance calcification and a tooth capsule of the tooth germ to be measured according to the operations in the steps (1) to (4), and judging the development stage of the tooth germ to be measured according to the comparison card in the step (5).
2. The judgment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) setting a segmentation threshold value of-866-1908 for the area of the tooth germ for the calcium injection resistance in the step (2).
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step (2), after the selected tooth germ calcium blocking area is segmented, adjusting a threshold value on an initial segmentation threshold value to remove an interference part of the tooth germ calcium blocking area.
4. The judgment method according to claim 3, wherein: the segmentation threshold set for the area of the dental capsule in the step (3) is from-499 to-1004.
5. The judgment method according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), after the selected tooth sac region is segmented, the threshold value is further adjusted on the initial segmentation threshold value to remove the interference part of the tooth sac region.
6. The judgment method according to claim 5, wherein: and the three-dimensional drawing software adopts Mimics software.
7. The judgment method according to claim 6, wherein: the imaging image comprises an X-ray image, a CBCT image or a curved surface fault slice.
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