CN110929398A - Method for arranging total temperature measuring points of outlet section of combustion chamber of micro-engine - Google Patents
Method for arranging total temperature measuring points of outlet section of combustion chamber of micro-engine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aeroengine pneumatic measurement, and discloses a method for arranging total temperature measuring points of an outlet section of a combustion chamber of a miniature engine. The invention provides a layout method which is targeted and suitable for a small number of measuring points to guide the arrangement of total temperature measuring points of the outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine, and solves the problems that the average total temperature error of the section is large because the area of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine is small, the flow field is not uniform, the traditional equal torus method is not suitable, and the number of samples is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aeroengine pneumatic measurement, in particular to a method for arranging total temperature measuring points of an outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine.
Background
In the pneumatic test in the aviation field, in order to verify the design index and troubleshooting of an engine, multipoint measurement needs to be carried out on certain characteristic cross sections under the test condition of the whole engine to obtain the pneumatic parameters of the cross sections. For a micro engine, the number of measurement points is expected to reflect the real flow field condition as much as possible, but because the structure size and the cross section area are small, the blockage ratio is large when multi-point measurement is carried out, the flow field is greatly interfered, and the performance of the engine is influenced, so that a single-point or two-point total temperature probe is mostly adopted for carrying out pneumatic parameter measurement. In a pneumatic parameter measurement test of a micro engine, on one hand, a combustion chamber is complex in structure and high in temperature, and the strength of a probe is in risk, on the other hand, the flow field of the section of the outlet of the combustion chamber is very complex, the temperature distribution gradient is large, and the optimal measuring point of a single-point or two-point total temperature probe is difficult to find during a complete machine test under the condition that a combustion chamber part test is not carried out, so that the actual condition of the section is difficult to reflect by the average total temperature calculated by a small amount of measurement. Therefore, how to perform measuring point position layout aiming at the uneven flow field of the section of the combustion chamber outlet of the micro-engine, so that the temperature characteristic of the flow field of the measuring point area can be more approximate to the measured data is very critical.
For an annular combustion chamber with an evaporating pipe of a micro engine, in the conventional measurement test, measurement points are mostly arranged by adopting an equal torus method, and the method assumes that the flow velocity of each torus in a cross section is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that the method is suitable for multi-point measurement of large and medium engines. Because the area of the section of the outlet of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine is small, the section cannot be divided into enough equal ring surfaces under the limitation of the size of a universal probe and the blockage ratio. The average total temperature of the cross section is obtained based on the isotorus, the average value is obtained by directly adopting an arithmetic average method, more data samples are usually needed to ensure the accuracy of the measured data, the micro engine is limited by space, the radial direction is measured by a single point or two points, the circumferential direction does not exceed three points, and the obtained data samples are fewer. Therefore, a more targeted measuring point layout method with fewer measuring points is needed to measure the average total temperature of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides a layout method which is targeted and suitable for a small number of measuring points to guide the arrangement of the total temperature measuring points of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine, and solves the problems that the average total temperature error of the section is large because the area of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine is small, the flow field is not uniform, the traditional equal torus method is not suitable, and the number of samples is small.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for arranging total temperature measuring points of an outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: simulating the temperature field of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber;
step two: equally dividing the cross section to determine a sample point to obtain a sample temperature simulation value;
step three: dividing the samples into k types, and determining an initial clustering center;
step four: calculating the distance from the sample to the clustering center, and clustering the shortest distance;
step five: calculating the mean value of k types of samples in the new temperature cluster to obtain a new cluster center;
step six: and the fourth step and the fifth step are circulated until the same clustering center is obtained twice continuously, finally k clustering centers are the test measuring points, and the average total temperature is calculated according to the number of samples by weighting.
As a preferable mode, in the first step, the temperature field simulation is carried out on the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, and a periodic boundary condition is set, wherein the boundary condition comprises an inlet boundary condition and an outlet boundary condition, and the inlet boundary condition comprises a speed inlet, a pressure, turbulence intensity, a water conservancy diameter and an air inlet temperature; the outlet boundary conditions include pressure outlet, turbulence intensity, hydraulic diameter.
As a preferable mode, in the second step, according to the simulation result of the temperature of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the engine, the total temperature of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber with the evaporation tube is obtained and is periodically distributed along the evaporation tube, a sector with an angle a is selected to represent the whole section, the area of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber is divided into n concentric rings, and the outer radius of an annular channel is set as ROuter coverInner radius of RInner partThe radius of the center line of each ring is r1、r2…ri…rnThe formula is as follows:
wherein, the cross section is equally divided into m sectors with included angle phi of α/m in the circumferential direction, and then the cross section is equally divided into m n minimum areas with equal area, and the polar coordinate of each sample is
And obtaining the simulation value of each sample temperature in the total temperature distribution characteristic.
As a preferable mode, in the third step, the sample is divided into k classes according to the simulated total temperature distribution characteristics of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, and a point is randomly selected from each class to serve as an initial clustering center, so that k clustering centers are in total.
As a preferable mode, the similarity between each sample point and the initial clustering center is calculated respectively in the fourth step, the euclidean distance is used as a similarity measurement criterion, each sample point is assigned to the similar clustering center according to the calculated distance, and the shortest distance clustering is performed.
As a preferred approach, step five calculates all samples x in class k in the new temperature clusternAverage value of temperature to obtain new clustering center ukAnd repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and once the clustering centers obtained by two continuous circulations are the same temperature measuring point, obtaining a minimum value formula as follows:
obtaining the minimum value by using the minimum value formula, and finishing the temperature clustering analysis, wherein rnkIndicates whether the nth sample belongs to class k, rnkIs a variable from 0 to 1, and if the nth sample belongs to class K, then r nk1, otherwise rnk＝0。
As a preferable mode, taking the final k clustering centers after the clustering is finished as real test measuring points to measure the total temperature in the sixth step, and obtaining the total temperatureThe test data is weighted by the number of samples in each category
Weighting as weight, the obtained weighted average value is the temperature average value of the section
I.e. the formula of the average value is as follows:
the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a layout method which is targeted and suitable for a small number of measuring points to guide the arrangement of total temperature measuring points of the outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine, and solves the problems that the average total temperature error of the section is large because the area of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine is small, the flow field is not uniform, the traditional equal torus method is not suitable, and the number of samples is small.
(2) According to the invention, the total temperature distribution result of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber with the evaporating pipe is obtained by carrying out temperature field simulation on the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the engine, so that the distribution characteristic of the temperature field is obtained, the outlet section of the combustion chamber is divided into a plurality of minimum areas with equal areas to obtain the temperature simulation values of a plurality of samples, and the real condition of the section is reflected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the optimization steps of total temperature measuring points based on a k-means clustering algorithm.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the simulation of the temperature field at the outlet section of the combustion chamber
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following examples.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, a method for arranging total temperature measuring points of an outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: simulating the temperature field of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber;
step two: equally dividing the cross section to determine a sample point to obtain a sample temperature simulation value;
step three: dividing the samples into k types, and determining an initial clustering center;
step four: calculating the distance from the sample to the clustering center, and clustering the shortest distance;
step five: calculating the mean value of k types of samples in the new temperature cluster to obtain a new cluster center;
step six: and the fourth step and the fifth step are circulated until the same clustering center is obtained twice continuously, finally k clustering centers are the test measuring points, and the average total temperature is calculated according to the number of samples by weighting.
Step one, carrying out temperature field simulation on an outlet section of an engine combustion chamber to set periodic boundary conditions, wherein the boundary conditions comprise inlet boundary conditions and outlet boundary conditions, and the inlet boundary conditions comprise a speed inlet, pressure, turbulence intensity, water conservancy diameter and air inlet temperature; the outlet boundary conditions include pressure outlet, turbulence intensity, hydraulic diameter.
Step two, obtaining the total temperature of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber with the evaporation tube according to the temperature simulation result of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, periodically distributing the total temperature along the evaporation tube, selecting a fan with an angle of α to represent the whole section, dividing the area of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber into n concentric rings, and setting the outer radius of an annular channel as ROuter coverInner radius of RInner partThe radius of the center line of each ring is r1、r2…ri…rnThe formula is as follows:
wherein, the cross section is equally divided into m sectors with included angle phi of α/m in the circumferential direction, and then the cross section is equally divided into m n minimum areas with equal area, and the polar coordinate of each sample is
And at the total temperatureAnd obtaining simulated values of the temperature of each sample in the cloth characteristics.
And step three, dividing the sample into k classes according to the simulated total temperature distribution characteristics of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, randomly selecting a point from each class as an initial clustering center, and sharing k clustering centers.
Preferably, the similarity between each sample point and the initial clustering center is calculated respectively in the fourth step, the Euclidean distance is used as a similarity measurement criterion, each sample point is assigned to the similar clustering center according to the calculated distance, and the shortest distance clustering is carried out.
Step five, calculating all samples x in the k classes in the new temperature clusternAverage value of temperature to obtain new clustering center ukAnd repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and once the clustering centers obtained by two continuous circulations are the same temperature measuring point, obtaining a minimum value formula as follows:
obtaining the minimum value by using the minimum value formula, and finishing the temperature clustering analysis, wherein rnkIndicates whether the nth sample belongs to class k, rnkIs a variable from 0 to 1, and if the nth sample belongs to class K, then r nk1, otherwise rnk＝0。
Step six, taking the final k clustering centers after clustering as real test points to measure the total temperature, and taking the sample number proportion of each category of the obtained test data
Weighting as weight, the obtained weighted average value is the temperature average value of the section
I.e. the formula of the average value is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of taking the average value of all temperature samples in a cluster temperature set as the central point of a cluster, obtaining the total temperature distribution characteristic according to the total temperature simulation result of the outlet section of an annular combustion chamber with an evaporation tube of an engine according to the working principle, selecting a fan with an angle of α to represent the whole section according to the total temperature distribution of the outlet section of the combustion chamber, dividing the sectional area of the annular channel into n concentric rings by adopting an equal torus method, setting the outer radius of the annular channel to be outside, setting the inner radius to be inside, setting the circular radius of the central line of each ring to be R1 and R2 … ri … rn, and obtaining the average value of the total temperature of the airflow of the section of the engine according to the formula
Based on the method, the cross section is averagely divided into m small areas with equal area, and the polar coordinate of each sample is
According to the simulated total temperature distribution characteristics of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, samples are divided into k classes due to the fact that the temperature distribution of the positions, facing the evaporating pipe, of the inner ring surface is uneven, a point is randomly selected from each class to serve as an initial clustering center, and the total number of the k clustering centers is k. And respectively calculating the similarity between each sample point and the initial clustering center (the Euclidean distance is taken as a similarity measurement criterion), assigning each sample point to the nearest clustering center according to the calculated distance, and carrying out shortest distance clustering. Calculating the average value of all the sample xn (N is 1, 2, … N) temperatures in the K class (K is 1, 2, … K) in the new temperature cluster to obtain a new cluster center uk. Repeated circulation calculation is carried out, once the clustering centers obtained by two continuous circulations are the same temperature measuring point, the formula is used
Finding the minimum value of J, indicating that the temperature cluster analysis is complete (where rnkWhether the nth sample belongs to the k class is represented by a variable from 0 to 1, and r is represented bynk＝1Otherwise, zero). Taking the final k clustering centers after clustering as real test points to measure the total temperature, and taking the sample number proportion of each category as the proportion of the obtained test data
Weighting as weight, the obtained weighted average value is the temperature average value of the section
I.e. the formula is
Specifically, temperature field simulation: a boundary condition is set. Inlet boundary conditions: the speed inlet v1m/s, the pressure p1MPa, the turbulence intensity sigma 1%, the hydraulic diameter d1mm and the air inlet temperature c 1K; exit boundary conditions: pressure outlet p2MPa, turbulence intensity sigma 2%, water conservancy diameter d2 mm. Periodic boundary conditions are applied to both side wall surfaces.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining total temperature distribution characteristics according to a simulation result of total temperature of a section of an annular combustion chamber with an evaporation pipe of an engine, selecting a fan with an angle of α to represent the whole section as the total temperature of the section of an outlet of the combustion chamber is periodically distributed along the evaporation pipe (the asymmetry of the total temperature distribution in the circumferential direction is ignored), dividing the section area of the annular channel into n concentric rings by adopting an isotorus method, setting the outer radius of the annular channel to be R outside and the inner radius to be R inside, setting the central line circle radius of each ring to be R1 and R2 … ri … rn, and obtaining the total temperature distribution characteristics according to a formula
Based on the above method, the cross section is equally divided into m sectors with an included angle phi of α/m, and then the polar coordinates of each sample are m × n sectors with equal area
And obtaining the temperature value of each sample in the simulation result.
Specifically, the parameters are set: according to the simulated total temperature distribution characteristics of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, the temperature is not uniform at the position opposite to the evaporation tube and the inner ring surface, samples are divided into k classes, one point is randomly selected from each class to serve as an initial clustering center, and k clustering centers are in total;
specifically, initial clustering: respectively calculating the similarity between each sample point and the initial clustering center, wherein the Euclidean distance is used as a similarity measurement criterion, each sample point is assigned to the nearest clustering center according to the calculated distance, and the shortest distance clustering is carried out;
specifically, modified clustering: calculating the average value of all the sample xn (N is 1, 2, … N) temperatures in the K class (K is 1, 2, … K) in the new temperature cluster to obtain a new cluster center uk. Repeated circulation calculation is carried out, once the clustering centers obtained by two continuous circulations are the same temperature measuring point, the formula is used
And obtaining the minimum value of J, and indicating that the temperature cluster analysis is finished. Wherein r isnkWhether the nth sample belongs to the k class is represented by a variable from 0 to 1, and r is represented bynkOtherwise, it is zero.
Specifically, the final k clustered centers after clustering are used as real test points to measure the total temperature, and the obtained test data are subjected to proportion of sample numbers of all classes
Weighting as weight, the obtained weighted average value is the temperature average value of the section
I.e. the formula is
The other parts of this embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
The above is an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiments and specific parameters in the embodiments are only used for clearly illustrating the verification process of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, and all the equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the description and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for arranging total temperature measuring points of an outlet section of a combustion chamber of a micro-engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: simulating the temperature field of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber;
step two: equally dividing the cross section to determine a sample point to obtain a sample temperature simulation value;
step three: dividing the samples into k types, and determining an initial clustering center;
step four: calculating the distance from the sample to the clustering center, and clustering the shortest distance;
step five: calculating the mean value of k types of samples in the new temperature cluster to obtain a new cluster center;
step six: and the fourth step and the fifth step are circulated until the same clustering center is obtained twice continuously, finally k clustering centers are the test measuring points, and the average total temperature is calculated according to the number of samples by weighting.
2. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the first step, temperature field simulation is carried out on the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, and periodic boundary conditions are set, wherein the boundary conditions comprise inlet boundary conditions and outlet boundary conditions, and the inlet boundary conditions comprise a speed inlet, pressure, turbulence intensity, water conservancy diameter and air inlet temperature; the outlet boundary conditions comprise a pressure outlet, turbulence intensity and water conservancy diameter.
3. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the second step, the ring with the evaporating pipe is obtained according to the simulation result of the temperature of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the engineThe total temperature of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber is periodically distributed along the evaporation tube, a fan with an angle of α is selected to represent the whole section, the area of the outlet section of the annular combustion chamber is divided into n concentric rings, and the outer radius of the annular channel is ROuter coverInner radius of RInner partThe radius of the center line of each ring is r1、r2…ri…rnThe formula is as follows:
wherein, the cross section is equally divided into m sectors with included angle phi of α/m in the circumferential direction, and then the cross section is equally divided into m n minimum areas with equal area, and the polar coordinate of each sample is
And obtaining the simulation value of each sample temperature in the total temperature distribution characteristic.
4. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and thirdly, dividing the sample into k classes according to the simulated total temperature distribution characteristics of the outlet section of the engine combustion chamber, and randomly selecting a point from each class as an initial clustering center, wherein k clustering centers are in total.
5. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and fourthly, respectively calculating the similarity between each sample point and the initial clustering center, taking the Euclidean distance as a similarity measurement criterion, assigning each sample point to a similar clustering center according to the calculated distance, and carrying out shortest distance clustering.
6. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 5, wherein: step five, calculating all samples x in the k classes in the new temperature clusternAverage value of temperature to obtain new clustering center ukAnd repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and once the clustering centers obtained by two continuous circulations are the same temperature measuring point, obtaining a minimum value formula as follows:
obtaining the minimum value by using the minimum value formula, and finishing the temperature clustering analysis, wherein rnkIndicates whether the nth sample belongs to class k, rnkIs a variable from 0 to 1, and if the nth sample belongs to class K, then rnk1, otherwise rnk＝0。
7. The method for arranging the total temperature measuring point of the outlet section of the combustion chamber of the micro-engine as claimed in claim 6, wherein: sixthly, taking the final k clustering centers after clustering as real test points to measure the total temperature, wherein the obtained test data is subjected to proportion of sample numbers of all classes
Weighting as weight, the obtained weighted average value is the temperature average value of the section
I.e. the formula of the average value is as follows:
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