CN110927691A - Low-interception radar signal design method based on multi-time coding phase modulation - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/414—Discriminating targets with respect to background clutter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-interception radar signal design method based on multi-time coding phase modulation, and particularly relates to a design method of a radar waveform with excellent resolution performance, anti-interference performance and low-interception performance. The multi-time code is approximated by a frequency modulated signal, the number of phase states can be artificially controlled and each phase state is of a different duration. The invention has the following implementation steps: firstly, selecting a frequency modulation basic signal waveform; then, approximating the frequency modulation signal according to a multi-time coding rule to obtain a multi-time coding phase; then, carrying out frequency coding modulation on each phase; and finally obtaining the low interception radar signal waveform with complex modulation. The invention can obtain various low interception radar signal waveforms which are modulated in a complex way by adopting different frequency modulation forms in the obtained multi-time coding phase sub-pulse. The obtained signal waveform has good resolution performance, anti-interference performance and low interception performance, and can meet the requirement of the modern war complex electromagnetic environment on the low interception performance of the radar signal waveform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of radar signal processing, and further relates to a design method of a low-interception radar signal waveform in the field of electronic countermeasure. The designed low-interception radar waveform has excellent resolution performance, anti-interference performance and low-interception performance.
Background
With the development of scientific technology, the modern war electromagnetic environment is increasingly complex, the application scene of radar is increasingly complex, the rapid development of signal processing technology brings new challenges to the stealth of radar signals, the radar signal waveform with low interception performance is more and more important in the field of modern electronic countermeasure, and how to design the waveform with good low interception performance is a hotspot in the field of signal waveform design on the premise of ensuring the completion of the work function of the radar signals. The method has important significance for improving the anti-interception performance and the anti-interference performance of the radar system.
The Harbin Industrial university discloses a composite waveform design method based on a chirp signal in a patent document "Radar LFM composite waveform design method" (application date: 23/06/2016, publication number: CN106019237A, publication date: 12/10/2016). According to the method, on the basis of a conventional linear frequency modulation signal, a low correlation side lobe waveform design method and a linear frequency modulation noise waveform design idea are combined, a correlation side lobe template vector is introduced to construct a corresponding target function, then constraint conditions are analyzed, and an algorithm framework of signal design is constructed. The method has the advantage that the designed waveform has low correlation side lobe characteristics. But the method has the defects that the modulation form of the linear frequency modulation signal is too single, and the linear frequency modulation signal is easy to sort and identify by an intercepting receiver so as to obtain the parameters of the signal waveform.
The university of west ' an electronic technology discloses a signal waveform design method of a low-interception radar communication integrated system in a patent document ' signal waveform design method of a low-interception radar communication integrated system ' (application date: 2018, 05 and 30, publication number: CN108768446A, publication date: 2018, 11 and 06). The method establishes a mapping relation between information chips and signal phases of communication information in a coding mode, and then forms radar communication integrated transmitting signals through linear frequency modulation baseband signals. The method has the advantages that the radar detection and information transmission functions are combined in the same system, and the complexity of the transmitted signal of the radar communication integrated system and the accuracy of the detected target are increased. The method is not characterized in that communication information is coded and then transmitted through a linear frequency modulation baseband signal, although the communication information has certain low interception performance, the modulation form is single, and the obtained signal waveform has limited anti-interference performance and low interception performance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the method, the invention provides a low interception radar signal design method based on multi-time coding phase modulation for improving the waveform complexity, low interception performance and anti-interference performance of radar signals.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme in order to realize the aim, and the steps are as follows:
(1) the frequency modulation base signal waveform to be approximated is selected. Different frequency modulation basic signal waveforms are obtained, and multi-time coding signals obtained after approximate quantization coding are different. The multi-time code generation relies on a base waveform having a frequency step waveform and a chirp waveform.
The frequency step signal waveform is represented as:
wherein Tr is a pulse repetition period, τ is a pulse width, and f0For a signal carrier frequency, Δ f is the stepped frequency interval, and f is the set of N frequencies spaced by Δ f.
The chirp waveform is represented as:
in the formula (f)0At the center frequency, μ is the chirp rate and τ is the pulse width.
(2) After the waveform of the selected frequency modulation basic signal is quantized into n phase state codes, a multi-time phase code signal T (n) is obtained.
The multi-time code T1(n) code obtained by frequency step waveform approximation, the folding phase of the T2(n) code is expressed relative to time as:
where n is the number of phase states, j is 0, 1, and k-1 is the segment number of the frequency step waveform. k is the number of segments of the multi-time code and T is the entire coding duration.
A multi-time code T3(n) code approximated by a chirp waveform, the T4(n) code folding phase expressed with respect to time as:
where n is the number of phase states, Δ F is the modulation bandwidth, tmIs the modulation period.
(3) The frequency modulation form adopted in each sub-pulse is selected and corresponding parameters are set. The frequency modulated signal is denoted u (t).
(4) Obtaining a complex modulation signal U (t):
U(t)=u(t)exp(jφ(t))
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention carries out waveform design based on multi-time coding phase modulation waveform, adopts multi-time coding between pulses, and adopts frequency modulation signals with good performance in the pulses to form complex modulation waveform. The number of phases and the duration of each phase of the multi-time code can be freely generated under the constraint of certain waveform complexity, and the multi-time code has the broadband characteristic of phase modulation in time. On the premise of ensuring the detection performance and the resolution performance, the waveform modulation complexity, the anti-interference performance and the low interception performance are increased. Compared with the existing modulation form of the low-interception radar signal, the multi-time coding phase modulation form adopted by the invention is more complex and flexible on the premise of ensuring the working performance of the radar signal, and the low-interception performance is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low interception radar signal design method based on multi-time code phase modulation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a phase diagram of an embodiment of multiple time-coded T1 code folding;
FIG. 2(b) is a folding phase diagram of an embodiment of a multi-temporal encoding T3 code;
FIG. 3(a) is a three-dimensional blur function graph of an example T1-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 3(b) is a three-dimensional blur function graph of an example T3-Costas radar signal
FIG. 4(a) is a distance sectional view of the ambiguity function of the example T1-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 4(b) is a distance sectional view of the ambiguity function of the example T3-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 5(a) is a velocity profile of the ambiguity function of an embodiment T1-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 5(b) is a velocity profile of the ambiguity function of an embodiment T3-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 6(a) is a graph of anti-interference performance of an embodiment T1-Costas radar signal;
FIG. 6(b) is a graph of anti-interference performance of the example T3-Costas radar signal;
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low interception radar signal design method based on multi-time code phase modulation according to the present invention; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a frequency stepping waveform as a frequency modulation basic signal waveform to be approximated, wherein the time domain form of the frequency stepping waveform is represented as follows:
in the formula, TrIs the pulse repetition period, τ is the pulse width, f0For a signal carrier frequency, Δ f is the stepped frequency interval, and f is the set of N frequencies spaced by Δ f.
Selecting a linear frequency modulation waveform as a frequency modulation basic signal waveform to be approximated, wherein the time domain form of the frequency stepping waveform is represented as follows:
in the formula (f)0At the center frequency, μ is the chirp rate and τ is the pulse width.
(2) Two basic waveforms are selected to be respectively approximated, and quantized into n phase state codes according to the coding rules of T1(n) codes and T3(n) codes to obtain multi-time phase coding signals T1(n) and T3 (n).
The expression of the folding phase of the multi-time code T1(n) with respect to time is:
where n is the number of phase states, j is 0, 1, and k-1 is the segment number of the frequency step waveform. k is the number of segments of the multi-time code and T is the entire coding duration.
The expression of the folding phase of the T3(n) code with respect to time is:
where n is the number of phase states, Δ F is the modulation bandwidth, tmIs the modulation period.
(3) The Costas frequency hopping encoded signal is used to frequency modulate within each phase sub-pulse of a multi-time encoded T1(n) code, T3 (n). The frequency hopping coded Costas signal time domain is denoted as u (t):
wherein,
in the formula (f)n=CnΔ f, C is the Costas hopping sequence and Δ f is the frequency interval of the Costas hopping modulation. T isLFor each sub-pulse width.
(4) The final complex modulation signal waveform is obtained as follows:
the simulation experiment of the invention is carried out by using MATLAB R2016a software on Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E5-1620 v4@3.50GHZ, a memory 16GB and a Windows 7 operating system.
Selecting a multi-time coding phase state number N as 5, a number k of code segments of T1(N) as 9, a modulation bandwidth delta F of T3(N) as 3MHz, a signal carrier frequency as 6GHz, a pulse duration as 30us, a coding length as 3000, a Costas frequency hopping coding sequence length N as 10, a frequency hopping interval delta F as 2MHz, and a simulation signal-to-noise ratio as-20 dB.
Fig. 2(a) shows a folded phase diagram of a multi-temporal encoded T1(n) code. Fig. 2(a) shows a folded phase diagram of a multi-temporal encoded T3(n) code. The obtained complex modulation waveform is analyzed in a simulation experiment by using a fuzzy function. Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) are three-dimensional fuzzy function diagrams of two kinds of multi-time coded Costas frequency hopping signal waveforms. Fig. 4(a) and 4(b) are cross-sectional graphs of the blur function distance of two signal waveforms. Fig. 5(a) and 5(b) are velocity profiles of two kinds of signal waveforms with fuzzy function. Fig. 6(a) and fig. 6(b) are graphs of the anti-interference performance of two multi-time coded Costas frequency hopping signal waveforms under the signal-to-noise ratio of-20 dB.
Simulation experiment results show that the signal waveform obtained by adopting Costas coding frequency hopping modulation in the sub-pulse has good performance no matter the T1(n) code obtained by approximating the frequency waveform or the T3(n) code obtained by approximating the linear frequency modulation waveform. It can be seen from fig. 3(a) and 3(b) that both signal waveforms have good blur function performance, and the maximum peak sidelobe levels are-39.54 dB and-31.23 dB, respectively. The peak sidelobe performance is greatly improved compared with a single modulation signal. As can be seen from fig. 4(a) and 4(b), the distance blur function graphs of the two signal waveforms have narrow main lobes, low side lobes, relatively sharp main lobes and good distance resolution. As can be seen from fig. 5(a) and 5(b), the side lobe of the velocity ambiguity function graph of the two signal waveforms is very low, the velocity resolution is very good, no velocity measurement ambiguity exists, and the width of the main lobe is related to the length of the adopted frequency hopping coding sequence. As can be seen from fig. 6(a) and 6(b), the two signal waveforms have good anti-interference performance under the condition that the signal-to-noise ratio is-20 dB, and the target can be clearly distinguished under the environment of dense noise interference. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the design of signal waveform based on multi-time coding, which is more complex than the existing single signal or the existing combined signal modulation form, thereby greatly improving the radar waveform agility and the radar low interception performance.
Claims (4)
1. A low interception radar signal design method based on multi-time coding phase modulation is disclosed. The method is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of using a frequency modulation basic signal waveform, setting a phase state number, obtaining a multi-time coding phase modulation signal according to a multi-time coding rule, and forming a multi-time coding phase modulation low interception radar signal waveform in a complex modulation form after adopting other frequency modulation forms and setting parameters in each phase sub-pulse. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the frequency modulation base signal waveform to be approximated is selected.
The waveforms of the basic signals are modulated by different frequencies, and multi-time coding phase modulation signals obtained after approximate quantization coding are different. The multi-time code generation relies on a base waveform having a frequency step waveform and a chirp waveform.
The frequency step signal waveform is represented as:
in the formula, TrIs the pulse repetition period, τ is the pulse width, f0For a signal carrier frequency, Δ f is the stepped frequency interval, and f is the set of N frequencies spaced by Δ f.
The chirp waveform is represented as:
in the formula (f)0At the center frequency, μ is the chirp rate and τ is the pulse width.
(2) And quantizing the waveform of the selected frequency modulation basic signal into n phase state codes to obtain a multi-time phase code signal T (n).
The multi-time code T1(n) code can be obtained by frequency stepping waveform approximation, and the folding phase of the T2(n) code is expressed relative to time as:
where n is the number of phase states, j is 0, 1, and k-1 is the segment number of the frequency step waveform. k is the number of segments of the multi-time code and T is the entire coding duration.
The multi-time code T3(n) code can be obtained by approximation of the chirp waveform, and the folding phase of the T4(n) code is expressed relative to time as:
where n is the number of phase states, Δ F is the modulation bandwidth, tmIs the modulation period.
(3) The frequency modulation form adopted in each sub-pulse is selected and corresponding parameters are set. The frequency modulated signal is denoted u (t).
(4) Obtaining a complex modulation signal U (t):
U(t)=u(t)exp(jφ(t)) 。
2. the method of claim 1, wherein said basic signal waveform of step (1) comprises a frequency step waveform and a chirp waveform.
3. A method for designing a low-interception radar signal based on multi-temporal coded phase modulation according to claim 1, wherein the types of the multi-temporal coded phase signals in step (2) are different, they are derived from the approximation of different types of basic waveforms, and the parameters are different.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the complex modulation waveform of step (4) is a frequency modulation within each multi-time phase coded sub-pulse, and the complex modulation waveform is a different frequency modulation form that can be adopted.
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CN111722188A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-29 | 中国人民解放军63892部队 | PRI (pulse repetition index) conversion radar signal sorting method based on STFT (space time Fourier transform) pre-sorting |
CN116520250A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-08-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-degree-of-freedom parameterized frequency modulation coding waveform and design method thereof |
CN117176536A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2023-12-05 | 南京芯传汇电子科技有限公司 | Radar detection and communication integrated waveform design and signal processing method |
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