CN110927511B - Power grid fault diagnosis system and method using fault waveform - Google Patents
Power grid fault diagnosis system and method using fault waveform Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention relates to a power grid fault diagnosis system and method by utilizing fault waveforms, and belongs to the technical field of power grid fault diagnosis. The system comprises a suspicious fault equipment waveform acquisition module, a suspicious fault equipment type judgment module, a waveform preprocessing module, a line waveform analysis module, a bus waveform analysis module, a transformer waveform analysis module, a distance measurement module and a display module, and the system carries out deep diagnosis and analysis on complex power grid faults by using recording information, calls and preprocesses the acquired waveform of the suspicious fault equipment, and converts a waveform file into a format required by analysis; and then entering different protection expert fields such as line protection, bus protection and main transformer protection according to the difference of the types of the suspicious fault equipment, and carrying out online analysis on fault recording to realize fine judgment on primary equipment faults.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power grid fault diagnosis, and particularly relates to a power grid fault diagnosis system and method by utilizing fault waveforms.
Background
The power grid fault diagnosis is always a hotspot problem in research of domestic and foreign research institutions and power enterprises, and various fault diagnosis technologies and methods are provided, wherein the fault diagnosis technologies and the methods are mainly based on expert systems, artificial neural networks, optimization technologies, Petri networks, fuzzy set theories, rough set theories and multi-agent technologies, and information fusion and data mining. The fault diagnosis based on the above can solve the uncertain problem to a certain extent, but in practical application, some defects can be encountered, such as the difficulty in establishing and forming a knowledge base based on an expert system. How to establish a reasonable power grid fault diagnosis mathematical model in fault diagnosis based on an optimization technology is difficult when multi-level backup protection needs to be considered in the process of forming a target function.
In addition, fault diagnosis based on steady-state data, transient-state data, dynamic data and the like by utilizing recording data or fault diagnosis integrating multi-source fault diagnosis results also obtains certain research results, but research on the aspects of collecting, sorting and preprocessing of tri-state data is still deep; detailed fault analysis is not carried out by using the confidence data in fault diagnosis; the comprehensive fault analysis research after cluster grouping division is carried out aiming at the alarm or event information respectively collected or reflected by the OCS/credit protection system. Therefore, how to overcome the defects of the prior art is a problem to be solved urgently in the technical field of power grid fault diagnosis at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a power grid fault diagnosis system and a method by utilizing fault waveforms, wherein the system utilizes recording information to carry out deep diagnosis and analysis on complex power grid faults, calls and preprocesses the collected waveforms of suspicious fault equipment and converts waveform files into formats required by analysis; and then, according to the difference of the types of the suspicious fault equipment, entering different protection expert fields (line protection, bus protection, main transformer protection and the like) to perform online analysis of fault recording, so as to realize fine judgment of primary equipment faults.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a power grid fault diagnosis system utilizing fault waveforms comprises a suspicious fault equipment waveform obtaining module, a suspicious fault equipment type judging module, a waveform preprocessing module, a line waveform analyzing module, a bus waveform analyzing module, a transformer waveform analyzing module, a distance measuring module and a display module;
the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquisition module is used for acquiring all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment;
the suspicious fault equipment type judging module is connected with the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module and is used for judging the type of the suspicious fault equipment; the types comprise lines, buses and transformers;
the waveform preprocessing module is respectively connected with the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module and the suspicious fault equipment type judging module and is used for preprocessing the suspicious fault equipment waveform file acquired by the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module after analyzing the suspicious fault equipment waveform file according to the judging result of the suspicious fault equipment type judging module on the suspicious fault equipment type to obtain the waveform file of a channel set related to the suspicious fault equipment and a channel mapping table thereof;
the line waveform analysis module is connected with the waveform preprocessing module and used for acquiring a line protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the bus waveform analysis module is connected with the waveform preprocessing module and used for acquiring a bus protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the transformer waveform analysis module is connected with the waveform preprocessing module and used for acquiring a transformer protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the distance measurement module is connected with the line waveform analysis module and used for measuring the distance of the suspicious fault line to obtain the position of the fault point;
the display module is respectively connected with the line waveform analysis module, the bus waveform analysis module, the transformer waveform analysis module and the ranging module and is used for displaying the position and the phase selection of a fault point in a fault line, displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault bus and displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault transformer.
Further, preferably, the suspicious fault device waveform obtaining module is connected to the OCS system and the credit protection system, and obtains the suspicious fault device in the alarm information transmitted from the OCS system and the credit protection system.
Further, it is preferable that the suspicious failure device waveform obtaining module obtains all waveform files of the suspicious failure device in a manner of obtaining the waveform files from a wave recording system or a wave recorder of the device itself.
Further, preferably, when the suspected fault equipment is a line, the channel set comprises an analog quantity channel associated with the channel set, a channel associated with the opposite side of the topology search and a protection trip open channel;
when the suspected fault equipment is a bus, searching all branches associated with the suspected fault equipment, wherein the channel set comprises current channels associated with the branches searched by the topology;
when the suspected fault equipment is a transformer, topology searching is carried out on all branches associated with each side, and the channel set comprises channels associated with the branches on each side.
Further, it is preferable that the waveform preprocessing is also used for splicing the waveforms in time and converting the waveforms in frequency.
Further, preferably, the distance measurement adopts the following method:
and (3) performing fault location calculation by using the current and the voltage of the local terminal and the opposite terminal, wherein the following 2 voltage equations are shown:
Um＝ImZDmF+IFRF (1)
Un＝InZ(DL-DmF)+IFRF (2)
in the formula: impedance per unit length of Z line: dmFThe distance from the m end to the fault point F; u shapem,ImM terminal voltage, current; u shapen，InIs n terminal voltage, current; rFA transition resistance that is a point of failure; i isFShort circuit current as a fault point;DLis the length of the line mn;
conjunctive formula (1) and (2), with elimination of RFTo obtain
The invention also provides a power grid fault diagnosis method by utilizing the fault waveform, and the power grid fault diagnosis system by utilizing the fault waveform comprises the following steps:
acquiring all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment, and judging the type of the suspicious fault equipment;
then, according to the judgment result of the type of the suspicious failure equipment, the acquired waveform file of the suspicious failure equipment is analyzed and then preprocessed to obtain a waveform file of a channel set related to the suspicious failure equipment and a channel mapping table thereof;
secondly, analyzing and calculating the preprocessed information according to the line protection constant value, the bus protection constant value or the transformer protection constant value, analyzing the phase of the fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
and finally, ranging the fault line to obtain the position of the fault point.
The fault diagnosis system utilizing the waveform provided by the invention can enter different protection expert fields (line protection, bus protection, main transformer protection and the like) to perform online analysis of fault recording according to the difference of suspicious fault equipment types, thereby realizing the fine judgment of primary equipment faults.
Firstly, calling and preprocessing an acquired waveform of suspicious failure equipment, and converting a waveform file into a format required by analysis; and then, fine fault data such as fault types, fault phases, fault locations and the like of the power grid can be analyzed by utilizing the fault waveform information, the waveform data is mainly extracted and analyzed based on the detailed analysis of the waveform, and the acquired waveform data can be used for fault distance measurement, fault phase and fault current.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a fault diagnosis system using waveforms, which can analyze fine fault data such as fault types, fault phases, fault locations and the like of a power grid by using fault waveform information, mainly extracts and analyzes the waveform data based on detailed analysis of the waveforms, and can perform fault distance measurement, fault phase and fault current on the obtained waveform data.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power grid fault diagnosis system using fault waveforms according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples do not specify particular techniques or conditions, and are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The materials or equipment used are not indicated by manufacturers, and all are conventional products available by purchase.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the related modules and the functions implemented by the related modules in the present invention are implemented by carrying a conventional computer software program or related protocol on the modified hardware and the devices, devices or systems formed by the hardware, and are not modified by the computer software program or related protocol in the prior art. For example, the improved computer hardware system can still realize the specific functions of the hardware system by loading the existing software operating system. Therefore, it can be understood that the innovation of the present invention lies in the improvement of the hardware module and the connection combination relationship thereof in the prior art, rather than the improvement of the software or the protocol loaded in the hardware module for realizing the related functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules referred to in this application are hardware devices for performing one or more of the operations, methods, steps in the processes, measures, solutions, and so on described in this application. The hardware devices may be specially designed and constructed for the required purposes, or they may be of the kind well known in the general purpose computers or other hardware devices known. The general purpose computer has a program stored therein that is selectively activated or reconfigured.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. The terms "inner," "upper," "lower," and the like, refer to an orientation or a state relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "provided" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. To those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention are understood according to specific situations.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Compared with the steady-state process of the power grid operation recorded by a computer network formed by dispatching automation, the transient process of the power grid fault is recorded by the protection device and the fault recorder, and the level of dispatching and operation of the power system and the rapid response capability of processing the power system accidents are improved by the collection and analysis of fault recording information.
Carrying out in-depth diagnosis and analysis on complex power grid faults by using the recording information, calling and preprocessing the acquired waveform of the equipment with the suspicious faults, and converting a waveform file into a format required by analysis; and then, according to the difference of the types of the suspicious fault equipment, entering different protection expert fields (line protection, bus protection, main transformer protection and the like) to perform online analysis of fault recording, so as to realize fine judgment of primary equipment faults.
As shown in fig. 1, a power grid fault diagnosis system using fault waveforms includes a suspected fault device waveform obtaining module 1, a suspected fault device type determining module 2, a waveform preprocessing module 3, a line waveform analyzing module 4, a bus waveform analyzing module 5, a transformer waveform analyzing module 6, a distance measuring module 7, and a display module 8;
the suspicious fault equipment waveform obtaining module 1 is used for obtaining all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment;
the suspicious failure equipment type judging module 2 is connected with the suspicious failure equipment waveform acquiring module 1 and is used for judging the type of the suspicious failure equipment; the types comprise lines, buses and transformers;
the waveform preprocessing module 3 is respectively connected with the suspicious failure device waveform acquiring module 1 and the suspicious failure device type judging module 2, and is used for preprocessing the suspicious failure device waveform file acquired by the suspicious failure device waveform acquiring module 1 after analyzing the suspicious failure device waveform file according to the judging result of the suspicious failure device type judging module 2 on the suspicious failure device type to obtain the suspicious failure device related channel set waveform file and the channel mapping table thereof;
the line waveform analysis module 4 is connected with the waveform preprocessing module 3 and used for acquiring a line protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module 3, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the bus waveform analysis module 5 is connected with the waveform preprocessing module 3 and is used for acquiring a bus protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module 3, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the transformer waveform analysis module 6 is connected with the waveform preprocessing module 3 and used for acquiring a transformer protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module 3, analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the line protection constant value, the bus protection constant value and the transformer protection constant value are obtained through setting calculation, and the obtaining method is not particularly limited.
The distance measurement module 7 is connected with the line waveform analysis module 4 and is used for measuring the distance of the suspicious fault line to obtain the position of the fault point;
the display module 8 is respectively connected with the line waveform analysis module 4, the bus waveform analysis module 5, the transformer waveform analysis module 6 and the distance measurement module 7, and is used for displaying the position and the phase selection of a fault point in a fault line, displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault bus and displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault transformer.
Preferably, the suspicious fault equipment waveform obtaining module 1 is connected to the OCS system and the credit protection system, and obtains suspicious fault equipment in the alarm information transmitted from the OCS system and the credit protection system, but is not limited thereto.
The suspicious fault equipment waveform obtaining module 1 obtains all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment from a wave recording system or a wave recorder of the equipment.
When the suspected fault equipment is a line, the channel set comprises analog quantity channels (Ua, Ub, Uc, Ia, Ib and Ic) associated with the channel set, a channel (Uar, Ubr, Ucr, Iar, Ibr and Icr) associated with the opposite side of the topology search and a protection tripping open channel;
when the suspected fault equipment is a bus, searching all branches associated with the suspected fault equipment, wherein the channel set comprises topology searching current channels (Ia, Ib and Ic) associated with the branches;
when the suspected fault equipment is a transformer, all branches associated with each side are searched by topology, and the channel set comprises channels (Ia, Ib and Ic) associated with each branch on each side.
The waveform preprocessing 3 is also used to splice the waveforms in time and convert them in frequency.
Due to the limitation of known information, single-ended ranging cannot theoretically overcome the influence of factors such as fault point transition resistance and remote system impedance on ranging accuracy at present. The information quantity of the double-end algorithm is larger than that of the single-end algorithm, so that the influence of the disturbance of the fault resistance and the load on the ranging precision of the double-end algorithm is small. The double-end fault location algorithm needs to solve the synchronization problem of double-end information sampling. And a high-precision synchronous clock is provided by using a GPS (global positioning system), so that the sampling synchronous precision is ensured.
The invention utilizes the current and voltage of the local terminal and the opposite terminal to carry out fault distance measurement calculation, and the distance measurement adopts the following method:
and (3) performing fault location calculation by using the current and the voltage of the local terminal and the opposite terminal, wherein the following 2 voltage equations are shown:
Um＝LmZDmF+IFRF (1)
Un＝InZ(DL-DmF)+IFRF (2)
in the formula: impedance per unit length of Z line: dmFThe distance from the m end to the fault point F; u shapem,ImM terminal voltage, current; u shapen，InIs n terminal voltage, current; rFTransition to a point of failureA resistance; i isFShort circuit current as a fault point; dLIs the length of the line mn;
conjunctive formula (1) and (2), with elimination of RFTo obtain
A power grid fault diagnosis method utilizing fault waveforms adopts the power grid fault diagnosis system utilizing the fault waveforms, and comprises the following steps:
acquiring all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment, and judging the type of the suspicious fault equipment;
then, according to the judgment result of the type of the suspicious failure equipment, the acquired waveform file of the suspicious failure equipment is analyzed and then preprocessed to obtain a waveform file of a channel set related to the suspicious failure equipment and a channel mapping table thereof;
secondly, analyzing and calculating the preprocessed information according to the line protection constant value, the bus protection constant value or the transformer protection constant value, analyzing the phase of the fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
and finally, ranging the fault line to obtain the position of the fault point.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A power grid fault diagnosis system utilizing fault waveforms is characterized by comprising a suspicious fault equipment waveform acquisition module (1), a suspicious fault equipment type judgment module (2), a waveform preprocessing module (3), a line waveform analysis module (4), a bus waveform analysis module (5), a transformer waveform analysis module (6), a distance measurement module (7) and a display module (8);
the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquisition module (1) is used for acquiring all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment;
the suspicious fault equipment type judging module (2) is connected with the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module (1) and is used for judging the type of the suspicious fault equipment; the types comprise lines, buses and transformers;
the waveform preprocessing module (3) is respectively connected with the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module (1) and the suspicious fault equipment type judging module (2) and is used for analyzing and preprocessing the waveform file of the suspicious fault equipment acquired by the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquiring module (1) according to the judging result of the suspicious fault equipment type judging module (2) on the type of the suspicious fault equipment to obtain the waveform file of a channel set related to the suspicious fault equipment and a channel mapping table thereof;
the line waveform analysis module (4) is connected with the waveform preprocessing module (3) and is used for acquiring a line protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module (3), analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the bus waveform analysis module (5) is connected with the waveform preprocessing module (3) and is used for acquiring a bus protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to the preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module (3), analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the transformer waveform analysis module (6) is connected with the waveform preprocessing module (3) and is used for acquiring a transformer protection fixed value, analyzing and calculating according to preprocessed information transmitted by the waveform preprocessing module (3), analyzing the phase of a fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
the distance measurement module (7) is connected with the line waveform analysis module (4) and is used for measuring the distance of the suspicious fault line and obtaining the position of a fault point;
the display module (8) is respectively connected with the line waveform analysis module (4), the bus waveform analysis module (5), the transformer waveform analysis module (6) and the ranging module (7) and is used for displaying the position and the phase selection of a fault point in a fault line, displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault bus and displaying the position and the phase selection of the fault point in a fault transformer;
the suspicious fault equipment waveform acquisition module (1) is connected with the OCS system and the information protection system and is used for acquiring suspicious fault equipment in alarm information transmitted by the OCS system and the information protection system;
when the suspected fault equipment is a line, the channel set comprises an analog quantity channel associated with the channel set, a channel associated with the opposite side of the topology search and a protection tripping open channel;
when the suspected fault equipment is a bus, searching all branches associated with the suspected fault equipment, wherein the channel set comprises current channels associated with the branches searched by the topology;
when the suspected fault equipment is a transformer, topology searching is carried out on all branches associated with each side, and the channel set comprises channels associated with the branches on each side.
2. The power grid fault diagnosis system using fault waveforms according to claim 1, wherein the suspected fault device waveform obtaining module (1) obtains all waveform files of the suspected fault device in a manner of obtaining from a wave recording system or a wave recorder of the device itself.
3. The grid fault diagnosis system using fault waveforms according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveform preprocessing (3) is further used to splice the waveforms in time and convert them in frequency.
4. The system for grid fault diagnosis using fault waveforms according to claim 1, wherein the distance measurement employs the following method:
and (3) performing fault location calculation by using the current and the voltage of the local terminal and the opposite terminal, wherein the following 2 voltage equations are shown:
in the formula: impedance per unit length of Z line:
the distance from the m end to the fault point F;
,
m terminal voltage, current;
is n terminal voltage, current;
a transition resistance that is a point of failure;
short circuit current as a fault point;
is the length of the line mn;
conjunctive formula (1) and (2), elimination
To obtain
5. A power grid fault diagnosis method using fault waveforms, which adopts the power grid fault diagnosis system using fault waveforms of any one of claims 1 to 4, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring all waveform files of the suspicious fault equipment, and judging the type of the suspicious fault equipment;
then, according to the judgment result of the type of the suspicious failure equipment, the acquired waveform file of the suspicious failure equipment is analyzed and then preprocessed to obtain a waveform file of a channel set related to the suspicious failure equipment and a channel mapping table thereof;
secondly, analyzing and calculating the preprocessed information according to the line protection constant value, the bus protection constant value or the transformer protection constant value, analyzing the phase of the fault point and calculating to obtain each electric quantity of the fault point;
and finally, ranging the fault line to obtain the position of the fault point.
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