CN110926998A - Method for detecting sludge in sewage - Google Patents
Method for detecting sludge in sewage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110926998A CN110926998A CN201911224234.3A CN201911224234A CN110926998A CN 110926998 A CN110926998 A CN 110926998A CN 201911224234 A CN201911224234 A CN 201911224234A CN 110926998 A CN110926998 A CN 110926998A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
- G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method for detecting sludge in sewage, which comprises the steps of placing a tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 100-plus-110 ℃, preserving the heat of the oven for not less than 8 minutes, taking out and weighing the weight of the oven, wherein the constant weight obtained by weighing is W1A step (2); measuring the uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1A step (2); moving and taking the sludge sample which is uniformly mixed and placing the sludge sample in the tin foil shell, wherein the volume of the sludge sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sludge sample is weighed and recorded as W3A step (2); placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 100-2A step (2); and calculating by using a formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2‑W1)×106÷V2. The tinfoil is used for replacing the filter paper in the traditional method, so that the filter paper is reduced, and the secondary pollution of the filter paper is avoided; the method reduces the operation steps, reduces the difficulty of detecting the sludge concentration in the sewage, and is beneficial to improving the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a method for detecting sludge in sewage.
Background
Sewage is a generic term for water discharged in production and domestic activities, and contains sludge, including activated sludge. Activated sludge is a general term for microbial populations, which mainly include bacteria, protozoa, algae, etc., and organic and inorganic substances to which they are attached.
The activated sludge performance indexes comprise Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS), sludge sedimentation ratio (SV) and sludge index (SVI). The mixed liquor suspended solids concentration represents the total weight of activated sludge solids contained in the mixed liquor per unit volume of the aeration tank, and the activated sludge process plays an important role in the sewage treatment process. The analysis of the mass concentration of activated sludge (MLSS) in an aeration tank is an important parameter of the activated sludge method. The activated sludge quantity in the aeration tank is actually identified, and the effective microorganism quantity in the activated sludge is indirectly reflected, so that the management of the sewage treatment plant focuses on the management of the flocculating constituent MLSS suspended in water and the water quality of the inlet water of the sewage treatment plant. The detection of the number of flocculants, i.e. the activated sludge concentration (MLSS), to be measured by a sewage treatment plant is an important task for the laboratory of the sewage treatment plant.
The previous method for detecting the activated sludge in the sewage comprises the steps of putting an empty weighing bottle and filter paper into an oven, drying the weighing bottle and the filter paper for 30-40 minutes when the temperature of the oven is between 103 ℃ and 105 ℃, putting the dried weighing bottle and the filter paper into a dryer for cooling for 15 minutes, and measuring a weight M1(ii) a Putting the funnel on a triangular flask, placing filter paper in the funnel, moving sludge to be detected to the filter paper by using a measuring cylinder for filtering, putting the sludge, a weighing bottle and the filter paper into an oven, drying the sludge for 4 hours approximately, putting the dried weighing bottle, the dried filter paper and the sludge into a dryer for cooling for 15 minutes, and weighing a meter M2And calculating to obtain the content of the activated sludge in the sewage.
Although the technical scheme can detect the content of the activated sludge in the sewage, the detection process needs 4-5 hours, the time is long, the detection steps are complicated, a large amount of filter paper is consumed, and the secondary pollution to the environment is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting sludge in sewage, which solves the problems that the detection of the sludge in the sewage needs 4-5 hours, the time is long, the detection steps are complicated, a large amount of filter paper is consumed, and the environment is easily polluted again.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a method for detecting sludge in sewage includes such steps as putting several tinfoil shells in an oven at 110 deg.C and 100-1A step (2);
measuring the uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1A step (2);
moving and taking the sludge sample which is uniformly mixed and placing the sludge sample in a tinfoil shell, wherein the volume of the sludge sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sludge sample is weighed and recorded as W3A step (2);
placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 100-2A step (2);
and calculating by using a formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2-W1)×106÷V2。
The invention is further configured to: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a plurality of tinfoil shells in an oven with the temperature of 103-1；
Step two: measuring the uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1；
Step three: moving and taking the sludge sample which is uniformly mixed and placing the sludge sample in the tin foil shell, wherein the volume of the sludge sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sludge sample is weighed and recorded as W3；
Step four: placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 103-105 ℃, preserving the heat of the oven for not less than 50 minutes, taking out and weighing the tinfoil shell to obtain a constant weight W2；
Step five: the formula is used for calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2-W1)×106÷V2。
The invention is further configured to: the sludge settlement ratio can also be detected, and the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge settling ratio: SV (%) = V1÷1000×100%。
The invention is further configured to: the sludge index can also be detected, and the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge index: SVI (mL/g) = SV% × 104÷CMLSS。
The invention is further configured to: the water content of the sludge can be calculated according to the following formula:
sludge water content: water content (%) = (W)3-W2）/(W3-W1)×100%。
The invention is further configured to: and the tinfoil shells in the first step are all engraved with numbers.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tin foil shells carved with the numbers are not easy to be confused, so that a plurality of tin foil shells can be placed in the oven for baking at one time.
The invention is further configured to: and the measuring cylinder in the second step comprises a measuring cylinder with the capacity of 1000ml, and the sludge sample measured by the measuring cylinder comprises 1000 ml.
By adopting the technical scheme, the wall hanging phenomenon can be avoided by using the 1000ml measuring cylinder to detect the sludge settlement ratio, enough sludge samples can be measured at one time, and the influence of the measurement results caused by measuring the sludge samples for many times is avoided.
The invention is further configured to: and thirdly, transferring the sludge sample uniformly mixed in the measuring cylinder into the tin foil shell by using a liquid transfer gun.
By adopting the technical scheme, the liquid transfer gun is a liquid transfer device, and the sludge sample can be quantitatively transferred by utilizing the liquid transfer gun.
The invention is further configured to: the pipetting gun pipettes 10-15ml of sludge sample in the measuring cylinder into a tinfoil casing.
By adopting the technical scheme, 10-15ml of sludge sample is measured and put into a tinfoil shell, thereby facilitating subsequent calculation.
The invention is further configured to: and repeatedly drying and weighing the tinfoil shell in the first step and the tinfoil shell in the fourth step until the weight error of the two times is less than or equal to 0.1 mg.
By adopting the technical scheme, the tinfoil shell is repeatedly dried and weighed until the weight error of the tinfoil shell twice is less than or equal to 0.1mg, so that the error of the detection result is reduced.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. compared with the prior art, the invention uses the tin foil shell to replace the weighing bottle and the filter paper, reduces the using amount of the filter paper, avoids secondary pollution caused by the filter paper, is more environment-friendly and accords with the concept of sustainable development;
2. the tinfoil shell can be used for multiple times, so that the using amount of the tinfoil shell is reduced, the number of tinfoil bought is reduced, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved;
3. the temperature of the tinfoil shell is quickly increased and decreased, and when the temperature is increased, the solution placed on the tinfoil shell is convenient to evaporate, so that the evaporation time of the solution is reduced; when the temperature is reduced, the speed of reducing the temperature of the tinfoil shell is high, waiting for the temperature reduction is not needed, or other instruments are not needed to be matched for cooling, so that the tinfoil shell is convenient to weigh, the time is further reduced, the time for detecting the sludge concentration in the sewage is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;
4. according to the invention, the tinfoil shell is used for replacing the weighing bottle and the filter paper, so that the difficulty in detecting the sludge concentration in the sewage is greatly reduced, and the working efficiency is improved;
5. the invention can detect the sludge concentration, the sludge water content, the sludge sedimentation ratio and the sludge index, the traditional experimental method can not detect the sludge water content, and the invention can directly detect the sludge water content, thereby not only simplifying the detection steps, but also improving the detection efficiency.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a method for detecting sludge in sewage, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a plurality of numbered tinfoil shells in an oven with the temperature of 100-110 ℃, preserving the heat of the oven for not less than 8 minutes, taking out and weighing the tinfoil shells, and recording the weighed constant weight as W1(ii) a In this embodiment, the temperature in the oven is controlled between 103 and 105 in a normal condition, the time for baking the tin foil casing in the oven is 10 to 15 minutes, the specific baking time depends on the detection condition, and the main purpose of baking is to remove moisture on the tin foil casing, so as to reduce the influence on the detection result. The tinfoil casing can be dried and weighed repeatedly until the weight error of the two times is less than or equal to 0.1 mg. The tinfoil shell preferably uses egg tart tinfoil; the tinfoil casing can also be a casing which is manually folded by tinfoil, such as folding the tinfoil into a bowl shape, a cup shape and the like.
Step two: measuring 1000ml of uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a 1000ml measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1(ii) a In this example, the main purpose of the standing was to allow the sludge in the sludge sample to settle.
Step three: the sewage sample in the measuring cylinder is moved and placed in the tinfoil shell, and the volume of the sludge sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sewage sample is weighed and recorded as W3(ii) a In this embodiment, for convenience of calculation, it is generally necessary to transfer the sludge sample mixed uniformly into the tin foil casing, and therefore, a pipette is generally used to transfer the sludge sample in the measuring cylinder. When the sludge sample is taken from the aeration tank, 5 to 30ml can be transferred, and usually, 10ml, 15ml and 20ml of sludge samples in measuring cylinders are transferred into the tin foil shell by using a liquid transfer gun, wherein 10ml is preferably transferred. When the sludge sample is taken from the external return sludge mixed liquid of the aeration tank, 10-35ml can be transferred, and usually, sewage samples in 10ml, 15ml, 20ml and 25ml measuring cylinders are transferred into the tin foil shell by using a liquid transfer gun, wherein, 15ml is preferably transferred. The amount of the sludge sample transferred by the liquid transfer gun depends on the inorganic components in the sludge, and generally, the higher the content of the inorganic components in the sludge, the less the sludge sample is transferred.
Step four: placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 100-2(ii) a In the embodiment, the temperature in the oven is controlled between 103 ℃ and 105 ℃ in the normal condition; according to the difference of the sludge concentration, the time for drying the tinfoil shell filled with the sludge sample by the oven is different, and if the pollution concentration is about 4000mg/L, the drying time is about 60 minutes; if the pollution concentration is higher than 20000mg/L, the drying time is about 120 minutes. Therefore, with the increase of the sludge concentration in the sewage, the longer the time for drying the tinfoil shell filled with the sewage sample is; in the actual testing process, the tinfoil casing with the sludge sample is usually baked for 60-90 minutes or 90-120 minutes. In order to reduce the error of the detection result, the tinfoil shell filled with the sludge sample can be repeatedly dried and weighed until the weight error of the previous time and the next time is less than or equal to 0.1 mg.
Step five: calculating by using formulas so as to calculate the sludge concentration, the sludge settlement ratio, the sludge index and the sludge water content in the sewage, wherein the calculation formulas are respectively as follows:
sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2-W1)×106÷V2；
Sludge settling ratio: SV (%) = V1÷1000×100%；
Sludge index: SVI (mL/g) = SV% × 104÷CMLSS；
Sludge water content: water content (%) = (W)3-W2）/(W3-W1)×100%。
In the formula: v1-1000 mL of sample in a measuring cylinder, the volume of sludge after 30 minutes of standing, the unit being mL;
V2-the volume of the sludge sample taken in ml by the pipette into the tinfoil casing;
W1-the constant weight in g not transferred into the envelope of the sample tinfoil;
W2-the constant weight of the tinfoil casing after constant weight and the dry weight of the sludge, in g;
W3moving into the envelope of the test specimen tinfoilThe amount (weight of tinfoil shell + weight of sludge) is given in g.
The concentration of the sludge in the sewage is detected by using the traditional method, which probably takes 4-5 hours, and the concentration of the sludge in the sewage is detected by using the method disclosed by the invention, which probably takes 1.5-2.5 hours, so that the experimental time is effectively shortened. The following table is comparative data obtained by detecting the sludge concentration in sewage by the conventional detection method and the detection method of the invention:
the embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting sludge in sewage is characterized by comprising the steps of placing a plurality of tinfoil shells in an oven with the temperature of 100-plus-110 ℃, preserving the heat of the oven for not less than 8 minutes, taking out and weighing the tinfoil shells, wherein the constant weight obtained by weighing is W1A step (2);
measuring the uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1A step (2);
moving and taking the sludge sample which is uniformly mixed and placing the sludge sample in the tin foil shell, wherein the volume of the sludge sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sludge sample is weighed and recorded as W3A step (2);
placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 100-2A step (2);
and calculating by using a formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2-W1)×106÷V2。
2. The method for detecting the sludge in the sewage according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing a plurality of tinfoil shells in an oven with the temperature of 103-1；
Step two: measuring the uniformly mixed sludge sample by using a measuring cylinder, standing for 30 minutes, and recording the volume V occupied by the sludge after sedimentation1；
Step three: moving and taking the sludge sample which is uniformly mixed into the tin foil shell, wherein the volume of the sewage sample is V2The total weight of the tinfoil shell and the sewage sample is weighed and recorded as W3；
Step four: placing the tinfoil shell in an oven with the temperature of 103-105 ℃, preserving the heat of the oven for not less than 50 minutes, taking out and weighing the tinfoil shell to obtain a constant weight W2；
Step five: the formula is used for calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows:
sludge concentration: cMLSS(mg/L)=(W2-W1)×106÷V2。
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sludge sedimentation ratio is further detected by the following formula:
sludge settling ratio: SV (%) = V1÷1000×100%。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the sludge index is calculated by the following formula:
sludge index: SVI (mL/g) = SV% × 104÷CMLSS。
5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water content of the sludge is calculated by the following formula:
sludge water content: water content (%) = (W)3-W2）/(W3-W1)×100%。
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the tinfoil casings of the first step are all marked with numbers.
7. The method for detecting sludge in sewage water according to claim 2, wherein the measuring cylinder in the second step comprises a measuring cylinder with a capacity of 1000ml, and the measured sludge sample in the measuring cylinder comprises 1000 ml.
8. The method for detecting sludge in sewage water according to claim 2, wherein the sludge sample uniformly mixed in the measuring cylinder is transferred into the tinfoil shell by using a liquid transfer gun in the third step.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pipetting gun pipettes 10-15ml of sludge from the measuring cylinder into a tin foil casing.
10. The method for detecting sludge in sewage of claim 2, wherein the tinfoil casing of the first step and the tinfoil casing of the fourth step are repeatedly dried and weighed until the weight error of the two times is less than or equal to 0.1 mg.
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| CN201911224234.3A CN110926998A (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Method for detecting sludge in sewage |
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| CN201911224234.3A CN110926998A (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Method for detecting sludge in sewage |
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Application publication date: 20200327 |