CN110926509A - 用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统 - Google Patents

用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统 Download PDF

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CN110926509A
CN110926509A CN201911044331.4A CN201911044331A CN110926509A CN 110926509 A CN110926509 A CN 110926509A CN 201911044331 A CN201911044331 A CN 201911044331A CN 110926509 A CN110926509 A CN 110926509A
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vibration
temperature
optical fiber
optical
line monitoring
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赵鹏
陈铮铮
赵健康
欧阳本红
刘松华
王昱力
夏荣
邓显波
李文杰
张振鹏
张皓
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
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    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
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    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35338Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using other arrangements than interferometer arrangements
    • G01D5/35354Sensor working in reflection
    • G01D5/35358Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity
    • G01D5/35364Sensor working in reflection using backscattering to detect the measured quantity using inelastic backscattering to detect the measured quantity, e.g. using Brillouin or Raman backscattering
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • G01K11/324Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres using Raman scattering

Abstract

本发明提出了一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,包括:光电复合海缆,其中内置有至少两根光缆;光纤测温单元,与光缆连接;光纤振动测试单元,与光缆连接;在线监测单元,分别与光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元连接,在线监测单元用于实时接收温度数据和振动数据,根据温度数据和振动数据确定光缆的温度波动点和振动变化点,并判断温度波动点和振动变化点是否位于同一位置,根据判断结果实时输出报警信息。上述线监测系统集成了分布式光纤测温、测振动及在线监测单元,海底直流电缆负载监测、故障预警、告警和定位等功能,不仅有效的解决了海缆中同步光纤测温测振动信号的解耦困难的问题,还极大地提高了海缆测温测振动的工作效率。

Description

用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统
技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统。
背景技术
目前,海底的直流电缆得到广泛应用,其不同于交流电缆的是,直流电缆绝缘材料的电导率受温度影响,绝缘层中电场分布会发生反转,因此需要实时监测直流电缆的运行温度和状态。此外,海底环境复杂,例行巡检困难,海底电缆锚害、洋流损害等故障多发,会给系统运行带来很大的隐患。现有技术中,由于很难实现光纤信号频域解耦,缺少行之有效的进行海底的直流电缆的同步测温测振动的光纤测量装置。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明提出了一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,旨在解决海缆中同步光纤测温测振动信号的解耦困难的问题。
一个方面,本发明提出了一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,包括:
光电复合海缆,其中内置有至少两根光缆;
光纤测温单元,与所述光缆连接,用于基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤原理实时采集所述光缆的温度数据;
光纤振动测试单元,与所述光缆连接,用于基于时域反射计原理实时采集所述光缆的振动数据;
在线监测单元,分别与所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元连接,所述在线监测单元用于实时接收所述温度数据和振动数据,根据所述温度数据和振动数据确定所述光缆的温度波动点和振动变化点,并判断所述温度波动点和振动变化点是否位于同一位置,根据判断结果实时输出报警信息;
所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元通过并联的方式与所述在线监测单元连接。
进一步地,所述在线监测单元用于在所述温度波动点和振动变化点位于同一位置时输出报警信息,在所述温度波动点和振动变化点位于不同位置时输出预警信息。
进一步地,所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,还包括:
波分复用器,其一端与所述光缆连接,另一端分别与所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元连接,所述波分复用器与至少两所述光缆连接,所述波分复用器用于进行光电转换和数据信号分析。
进一步地,所述光电复合海缆包括交联聚乙烯绝缘的光纤复合海底电缆。
进一步地,所述光缆包括若干根单模光纤,以及至少两根多模光纤。
进一步地,所述光纤测温单元通过所述波分复用器与所述单模光纤连接。
进一步地,所述光纤振动测试单元通过所述波分复用器与所述多模光纤连接。
进一步地,所述光纤测温单元包括光时域背向拉曼散射分布式光纤传感器。
进一步地,所述光纤振动测试单元包括时域反射计。
进一步地,所述在线监测单元包括海底电缆在线监测的主站。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于,上述在线监测系统通过设置光纤测温单元、光纤振动测试单元和在线监测单元,并与光电复合海缆中的光缆连接,从而对直流海缆进行光纤同步测温测振动,可以看出上述线监测系统集成了分布式光纤测温、测振动及在线监测单元,可实现海底直流电缆负载监测、故障预警、告警和定位等功能,不仅有效的解决了海缆中同步光纤测温测振动信号的解耦困难的问题,还极大地提高了海缆测温测振动的工作效率。同时,通过采用分布式光纤传感技术能够有效的对直流海底电缆的温度、振动等进行分布式实时监测,使得海缆运行时的更加安全稳定。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中,用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中:
图1为本发明实施例提供的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统的结构示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的光电复合海缆的截面图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统的运行流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例,然而应当理解,可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反,提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开,并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
参阅图1所示,本实施例公开了一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,包括:光电复合海缆101、光纤测温单元102、光纤振动测试单元103和在线监测单元104,光电复合海缆101内设置有至少两根光缆202;光纤测温单元102与光缆202连接,用于基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤原理实时采集光缆202的温度数据;光纤振动测试单元103与光缆202连接,用于基于时域反射计原理实时采集光缆202的振动数据;在线监测单元104分别与光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103连接,在线监测单元104用于实时接收温度数据和振动数据,根据温度数据和振动数据确定光缆202的温度波动点和振动变化点,并判断温度波动点和振动变化点是否位于同一位置,根据判断结果实时输出报警信息。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103通过并联的方式与在线监测单元104连接。
具体而言,在线监测单元104用于在温度波动点和振动变化点位于同一位置时输出报警信息,在温度波动点和振动变化点位于不同位置时输出预警信息。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102通过光纤拉曼分布式(ROTDR)温度传感方式对光缆202进行温度测试,以获取光缆202的温度数据;光纤振动测试单元103通过时域反射计(Φ-OTDR)原理对光缆202进行振动测试,以获取光缆202的振动数据。
具体而言,在线监测单元104优选为海底电缆在线监测的主站,为系统运行提供指导,其用于提供测试数据储存、分析和决策、预警等作用。
上述线监测系统可以通过不同原理对信号进行解耦,实现了光纤同步测量温度和振动数据,达到了对海底直流电缆运行环境的全面监测。
结合图2所示,具体而言,光电复合海缆101优选为采用交联聚乙烯绝缘的光纤复合海底电缆,海底电缆内置2根光缆202。光纤复合海底电缆内置交联聚乙烯绝缘层201,2根光缆202与光纤复合海底电缆内填充条203并排设置,且填充条203和光缆202沿光纤复合海底电缆圆周方向均匀的环形排列,且2根光缆202等间距的相对设置。
具体而言,每根光缆202内包括若干根光纤芯,光纤芯包括单模光纤和多模光纤。即,光缆202包括若干根单模光纤,以及至少两根多模光纤。
具体而言,在线监测系统还包括波分复用器105,其一端与光缆202连接,另一端分别与光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103连接,波分复用器105与至少两光缆202连接,波分复用器105用于进行光电转换和数据信号分析。即,波分复用器105与单模光纤和多模光纤。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102通过波分复用器105与单模光纤连接。光纤振动测试单元103通过波分复用器105与多模光纤连接。
具体而言,通过光纤测温单元102对光缆202进行检测,以获得光缆202的温度变化区域。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102输出光脉冲,即,使光纤测温单元102输出光脉冲之光缆202。具体的,光纤测温单元102通过向光缆202的一侧注入光脉冲,光脉冲经过波分复用器105将光信号耦合进单模光纤中。
具体而言,当电缆温度发生变化时,拉曼散射光再经波分复用器105进行滤出,经光电转换后实现海缆温度监控。
具体而言,通过光纤振动测试单元103对光缆202进行检测,以获得获得光缆202的振动变化区域。
具体而言,具体而言,光纤振动测试单元103输出连续光至光缆202。光纤振动测试单元103通过向光缆202的一侧注入连续光,连续光经过波分复用器105调制成脉冲光源后耦合进多模光纤中。当电缆周围发生振动时,瑞利散射光经低通滤波器进行滤出,经光电转换后实现海缆振动监控。
具体而言,在线监测单元104具有数据处理,存储和预警等功能。
具体而言,在线监测单元104用于实时记录海底电缆上的温度变化或振动变化过程,判断部分区域内温度变化或振动变化是否过大。
具体而言,若判断部分区域内温度和振动过大,则温度或振动变化区域内的电缆出现安全隐患,在线监测单元104进行报警。
优选的,在线监测单元104在检测获得振动区域之后,还能够振动区域进行的船舶等预警提示。
可以看出,在线监测系统为直流海缆光纤同步测温测振动系统,集成了分布式光纤测温、测振动及在线监测系统,可实现海底直流电缆负载监测、故障预警、告警和定位等功能。分布式光纤传感技术能够较好的对直流海底电缆的温度、振动等进行分布式实时监测,可以为电缆的安全稳定运行奠定基础。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102包括光时域背向拉曼散射分布式光纤传感器。光纤振动测试单元103包括时域反射计。在线监测单元104包括海底电缆在线监测的主站。
结合图3所示,光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103分别进行光缆202的温度和振动测试,光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103通过分布式光纤原理实时的监测光缆202上每个点的温度和振动情况。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102通过向光缆202的一侧注入光脉冲,经过波分复用器105将光信号耦合进单模光纤中。当电缆温度发生变化时,拉曼散射光再经波分复用器105进行滤出,经光电转换后实现海缆温度监控,即可获取海缆的温度变化区域。
具体而言,光纤振动测试单元103通过向光缆202的一侧注入连续光,经过调制成脉冲光源后将耦合进多模光纤中。当电缆周围发生振动时,瑞利散射光经低筒滤波器进行滤出,经光电转换后实现海缆振动监控,即可获取海缆的振动变化区域。
具体而言,光纤测温单元102和光纤振动测试单元103将强相干光从光纤的一端注入,通过探测器探测脉冲宽度范围内的后向散射光判断,通过测量输入脉冲和接收到的干涉信号的时间延迟来判断干扰点的位置,即监测获得变化区域。
具体而言,当在线监测单元104获得信号变化区域时,判断温度波动点和振动变化点是否在同一位置。当温度波动点和振动变化点位于同一位置时,则判断电缆可能出现系统击穿故障,则在线监测单元104运行报警;当温度波动点和振动变化点不在同一位置时,则根据温度波动点和振动变化点的具体状态,在线监测单元104进行状态预警或船舶预警。
可以看出,上述在线监测系统通过设置光纤测温单元102、光纤振动测试单元103和在线监测单元104,并与光电复合海缆101中的光缆202连接,从而对直流海缆进行光纤同步测温测振动,可以看出上述线监测系统集成了分布式光纤测温、测振动及在线监测单元104,可实现海底直流电缆负载监测、故障预警、告警和定位等功能,不仅有效的解决了海缆中同步光纤测温测振动信号的解耦困难的问题,还极大地提高了海缆测温测振动的工作效率。同时,通过采用分布式光纤传感技术能够有效的对直流海底电缆的温度、振动等进行分布式实时监测,使得海缆运行时的更加安全稳定。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,包括:
光电复合海缆,其中内置有至少两根光缆;
光纤测温单元,与所述光缆连接,用于基于拉曼散射的分布式光纤原理实时采集所述光缆的温度数据;
光纤振动测试单元,与所述光缆连接,用于基于时域反射计原理实时采集所述光缆的振动数据;
在线监测单元,分别与所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元连接,所述在线监测单元用于实时接收所述温度数据和振动数据,根据所述温度数据和振动数据确定所述光缆的温度波动点和振动变化点,并判断所述温度波动点和振动变化点是否位于同一位置,根据判断结果实时输出报警信息;
所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元通过并联的方式与所述在线监测单元连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述在线监测单元用于在所述温度波动点和振动变化点位于同一位置时输出报警信息,在所述温度波动点和振动变化点位于不同位置时输出预警信息。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,还包括:
波分复用器,其一端与所述光缆连接,另一端分别与所述光纤测温单元和光纤振动测试单元连接,所述波分复用器与至少两所述光缆连接,所述波分复用器用于进行光电转换和数据信号分析。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光电复合海缆包括交联聚乙烯绝缘的光纤复合海底电缆。
5.根据权利要求3所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光缆包括若干根单模光纤,以及至少两根多模光纤。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光纤测温单元通过所述波分复用器与所述单模光纤连接。
7.根据权利要求5所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光纤振动测试单元通过所述波分复用器与所述多模光纤连接。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光纤测温单元包括光时域背向拉曼散射分布式光纤传感器。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述光纤振动测试单元包括时域反射计。
10.根据权利要求1所述的用于海缆同步测温测振动的在线监测系统,其特征在于,所述在线监测单元包括海底电缆在线监测的主站。
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