CN110925747B - Combustion device convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx - Google Patents
Combustion device convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx Download PDFInfo
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- CN110925747B CN110925747B CN201911315430.1A CN201911315430A CN110925747B CN 110925747 B CN110925747 B CN 110925747B CN 201911315430 A CN201911315430 A CN 201911315430A CN 110925747 B CN110925747 B CN 110925747B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940098458 powder spray Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion device which is convenient for directly spraying water-coal-slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx, comprising a water-coal-slurry supply mechanism which is provided with a water-coal-slurry output main pipe, and a combustion mechanism which is provided with a high-position separation wind nozzle, a low-position separation wind nozzle, a water-coal-slurry spray gun, a powder supply wind powder nozzle and a gas supply hot wind nozzle. Through reasonable structural innovation design, the method for reducing generated NOx in the furnace and inhibiting the generation of thermal NOx by only utilizing the conventional coal water slurry produced by the coal of the boiler to generate pyrolysis reaction in the furnace is realized, the concentration of NOx in the flue gas is effectively reduced, the limitation of the traditional NOx reduction technology is broken through, the low-nitrogen emission requirement of the boiler is ensured under the condition of low cost, the method is scientific and reasonable, the structure is simple and easy to implement, the work is reliable, the daily use cost is low, the operation management of enterprises and the low-cost high-efficiency production are facilitated, and the practicability is very strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler combustion devices, in particular to a combustion device which is convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx.
Background
In the low NOx combustion technology of the coal-fired boiler of the power station which is widely applied and relatively mature at present, the low nitrogen emission requirement of the national standard GB13223-2011 can be met by matching with tail flue gas denitration measures, and the low NOx combustion technology is mainly realized by spraying an ammonia reducing agent into tail flue gas of the boiler, wherein the technology is mainly a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology and a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology. Because the related structure in the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technology is relatively simple, the investment cost is low, and the related structure is easy to be modified and installed on the existing boiler to be applied more, the defects are that the reaction temperature window is relatively narrow, the ammonia escaping phenomenon is serious, the reduction efficiency is limited, and the utilization rate of the ammonia reducing agent is low; the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) technology has higher denitration efficiency relatively, but has the defects of higher difficulty in reconstruction and installation on the existing boiler and higher investment cost due to relatively complex structure, and has application limitation due to shorter service life of the catalyst and serious secondary pollution. Therefore, from the standpoint of practicality and economy, the application of the two technologies at present has limitations, so that a novel combustion device which has simple and scientific and reasonable structure, obvious denitrification effect, low investment and daily operation cost and is easy to reform and install on the existing coal-fired boiler needs to meet the low-nitrogen standard-reaching use requirement of the present industry and alleviate a great difficulty in the present puzzlement industry is needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve a plurality of defects of the existing coal-fired boiler of the power station when the ultralow NOx emission standard is finished, and provides a novel combustion device which is convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame, reducing and reducing the NOx generation amount and is beneficial to the low-nitrogen emission standard of the coal-fired boiler.
The invention relates to a combustion device which is convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx, and is characterized in that a main body comprises a coal water slurry supply mechanism, a combustion mechanism, a high-pressure fan and a pulverizing system, wherein:
The coal water slurry supply mechanism mainly comprises a coal water slurry preparation device, a coal water slurry flow control valve, a coal water slurry filter, a coal water slurry booster pump and a coal water slurry output main pipe which are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the coal water slurry preparation device;
The combustion mechanism mainly comprises a high-position separation air nozzle, a low-position separation air nozzle, a coal water slurry spray gun and a main burner which are sequentially arranged on the wall of the hearth cavity from top to bottom;
the main burner is arranged below the coal water slurry spray gun 23 and mainly comprises wind powder nozzles and hot wind nozzles which are arranged at intervals in a staggered way, a wind powder air supply channel with one end connected with the powder making system and the other end connected with the tail ends of a plurality of wind powder nozzles, and a boiler bellows which is respectively connected with the air inlet end of the hot wind nozzles and the air inlet end of the low-level separation wind nozzle;
The high-position separation wind nozzle is arranged above the low-position separation wind nozzle, and the air inlet end of the high-position separation wind nozzle is connected with the high-pressure fan pipeline through the air flow control valve;
The coal water slurry spray gun is arranged above the nozzle setting position of the main burner in a layered mode, comprises 8 spray guns of which main bodies are respectively and fixedly arranged at four corners of a hearth and the middle position of four side cavity walls, and the feeding end of the coal water slurry spray gun is respectively connected with the coal water slurry output main pipe in the coal water slurry supply mechanism;
in addition, the design wind speed of the high-speed airflow sprayed out of the high-position separation wind nozzle is more than or equal to 80m/s; the air supply quantity of the high-level separated air nozzle and the low-level separated air nozzle into the furnace accounts for 35-40% of the total air quantity required by the hearth.
When the boiler is in operation, air-powder mixed gas is sprayed into the boiler through an air-powder nozzle connected with a powder preparation system through an air-powder supply channel, hot air is sprayed into the boiler through a hot air nozzle connected with a boiler bellows, the air and the hot air are mixed and combusted, and a fuel-rich main combustion zone with oxygen content less than 1% and temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ is formed in a hearth; the low-level separation air nozzle which is connected with the boiler bellows and is positioned above the main burner air powder nozzle and the hot air nozzle sprays hot air into the boiler to participate in combustion, so as to form a lean fuel burnout zone positioned above the main combustion zone; the high-speed water-coal-slurry sprayed by a water-coal-slurry spray gun with the tail end connected with a water-coal-slurry output main pipe is directly sprayed into the flue gas ascending air flow between the main combustion area and the burnout area, so that the water-coal-slurry rapidly carries out pyrolysis reaction in a high-temperature low-oxygen environment with the oxygen content of less than 1% and the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to generate pyrolysis gas containing reduction active components, and the pyrolysis gas carries out reduction reaction with NOx generated in the flue gas flow to reduce the concentration of NOx in the flue gas, and a large amount of water vapor generated during the evaporation of water in the pyrolysis reaction in the water-coal-slurry reduces the flame peak value of the combustion area and inhibits the generation of thermal NOx; the high-speed airflow from the high-pressure fan sprayed out by the high-position separation air nozzle above the low-position separation air nozzle is sprayed into the upper region of the hearth, so that the flow field at the upper part of the hearth is optimized, the generation of local high temperature in the hearth is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is favorably inhibited, and the coal-fired boiler adopting the combustion device can realize the standard requirements of low NOx emission by only using pulverized coal fuel per se under the comprehensive effects of effectively reducing generated NOx and inhibiting the generation amount of NOx, thereby getting rid of the trouble of selecting other special reducing agents and being favorable for reducing the production cost.
The combustion device for reducing NOx by directly injecting water-coal-slurry into low-oxygen flame is convenient for the invention based on the conception, because the setting position and the air distribution ratio of fuel and combustion air nozzles are reasonably regulated in structure, a low-oxygen and high-temperature combustion environment with oxygen content less than 1% is created in a combustion area of a hearth, and the method of directly injecting high-speed water-coal-slurry into the area is combined, so that the water-coal-slurry is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the low-oxygen combustion environment to generate pyrolysis gas which contains reduction active components and can effectively reduce NOx in flue gas, and the evaporation of water in the water-coal-slurry is more conducive to promoting the pyrolysis reaction: O+H 2 O- & gtOH+OH, and the increase of the number of OH ions in the flue gas is enhanced along with the reduction effect of NO: oh+nh 3↔H2O+NHi,O+NHi↔N2+OHi, i=1, 2, and simultaneously, a large amount of water vapor generated when water in the water-coal slurry evaporates has the effect of reducing the flame peak value of the combustion zone, thereby being beneficial to inhibiting the generation of thermal NOx; in addition, the high-level separation wind nozzle is arranged above the coal powder spraying area, and high-speed jet flow formed by high-speed separation wind sprayed by the high-level separation wind nozzle penetrates into rising swirl flue gas generated from a combustion area below to participate in combustion, so that CO and coke particles which are not completely combusted in the flue gas are fully combusted, the generation of local high temperature in a hearth is restrained, the generation amount of NOx is reduced, and the combustion efficiency of a boiler is ensured. From the above, the invention creates conditions for the pyrolysis reaction of the water-coal-slurry by reasonable method innovation and structural design, utilizes the generated NOx in the pyrolysis gas containing the reduction active ingredient generated in the pyrolysis reaction of the water-coal-slurry to reduce the flue gas, utilizes the steam generated in the pyrolysis reaction of the water-coal-slurry to inhibit the generation of thermal NOx, and generates the water-coal-slurry which is only prepared by the conventional coal powder of the traditional coal-fired boiler by the organic combination of the structure and the method, so that the pyrolysis reaction is generated in the boiler, and utilizes the generated method for reducing the generated NOx and inhibiting the generation of the NOx by the generated active pyrolysis gas, thereby realizing the positive technical effects of reducing the concentration of the NOx in the flue gas discharged from the boiler, simultaneously, breaking through the limitation of the traditional NOx reduction technology, avoiding the trouble of purchasing the type and the production place of enterprises, not only being beneficial to the management of the enterprises, but also remarkably reducing the daily production cost, being scientific and reasonable, having simple structure and easy implementation, reliable and low daily use cost, utilizing the fuel to treat the self-fuel, and having the effect of the reducing agent, and achieving the low nitrogen emission requirement of the boiler under the condition of the traditional reducing agent, has great practical application prospect in the field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic general structural view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a main burner in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout of a lance for coal water slurry in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. coal water slurry supply mechanism 11, coal water slurry preparation device 12, coal water slurry flow control valve
13. A coal water slurry filter 14, a coal water slurry booster pump 15, and a coal water slurry output main pipe
2. Combustion mechanism 21, high-order separated air nozzle 22, low-order separated air nozzle
23. Coal water slurry spray gun 231, feeding end 24, main burner 241, air powder nozzle
242. Hot air nozzle 243, air powder supply channel 244, boiler bellows 3, high-pressure fan
31. Air flow control valve 4, powder making system 5 and hearth
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and exemplary embodiments.
In fig. 1,2 and 3, the combustion device for reducing NOx by directly injecting water-coal-slurry into low-oxygen flame according to the present invention is characterized in that the main body comprises a water-coal-slurry supply mechanism 1, a combustion mechanism 2, a high-pressure fan 3 and a pulverizing system 4, wherein:
The coal water slurry supply mechanism 1 mainly comprises a coal water slurry preparation device 11, a coal water slurry flow control valve 12, a coal water slurry filter 13, a coal water slurry booster pump 14 and a coal water slurry output main pipe 15 which are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the coal water slurry preparation device 11;
The combustion mechanism 2 mainly comprises a high-position separation wind nozzle 21, a low-position separation wind nozzle 22, a coal water slurry spray gun 23 and a main burner 24 which are sequentially arranged on the cavity wall of the hearth 5 from top to bottom;
The main burner 24 is arranged below the water-coal-slurry spray gun 23 and mainly comprises a wind powder spray nozzle 241 and a hot wind spray nozzle 242 which are arranged at intervals in a staggered way, a wind powder air supply channel 243 with one end connected with the powder making system 4 and the other end connected with the tail ends of the wind powder spray nozzles 241, and a boiler bellows 244 respectively connected with the air inlet end of the hot wind spray nozzle 242 and the air inlet end of the low-level separation wind spray nozzle 22;
The high-level separation wind nozzle 21 is arranged above the low-level separation wind nozzle 22, and the air inlet end of the high-level separation wind nozzle is connected with the pipeline of the high-pressure fan 3 through the air flow control valve 31;
The water-coal-slurry spray gun 23 is arranged above the nozzle setting position of the main burner 24 in a layered mode and comprises 8 spray guns of which main bodies are respectively fixedly arranged at four corners of the hearth 5 and the middle positions of four side cavity walls, and the feeding end 231 of the water-coal-slurry spray gun 23 is respectively connected with the water-coal-slurry output main pipe 15 in the water-coal-slurry supply mechanism 1;
in addition, the design wind speed of the high-speed airflow sprayed out of the high-position separation wind nozzle 21 is more than or equal to 80m/s; the air supply quantity of the high-level separation air nozzle 21 and the low-level separation air nozzle 22 into the furnace accounts for 35-40% of the total air quantity required by the hearth.
When the boiler is in operation, air-powder mixed gas is sprayed into the boiler through an air-powder nozzle 241 connected with a powder preparation system 4 through an air-powder supply channel 243, hot air is sprayed into the boiler through a hot air nozzle 242 connected with a boiler bellows 244, the air and the hot air are mixed and combusted, and a fuel-rich main combustion zone with oxygen content less than 1% and temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ is formed in a hearth; injecting hot air into the furnace through the low-level separation air nozzle 22 which is connected with the boiler bellows 244 and is positioned above the air powder nozzle 241 and the hot air nozzle 242 of the main burner 24, and participating in combustion to form a lean fuel burnout zone positioned above the main combustion zone; the high-speed water-coal-slurry sprayed by the water-coal-slurry spray gun 23 with the tail end connected with the water-coal-slurry output main pipe 15 is directly sprayed into the flue gas ascending air flow between the main combustion area and the burnout area, so that the water-coal-slurry is subjected to pyrolysis reaction in a high-temperature low-oxygen environment with the oxygen content of less than 1 ℃ and the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to generate pyrolysis gas containing reduction active components, and the pyrolysis gas reacts with NOx generated in the flue gas flow to reduce the concentration of the NOx in the flue gas, and a large amount of water vapor generated during the evaporation of water in the water-coal-slurry in the pyrolysis reaction reduces the flame peak value of the combustion area and inhibits the generation of thermal NOx; the high-speed air flow from the high-pressure fan 3 sprayed out by the high-level separation air nozzle 21 above the low-level separation air nozzle 22 is sprayed into the upper region of the hearth, so that the upper flow field of the hearth is optimized, the generation of local high temperature in the hearth is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is favorably inhibited, and the coal-fired boiler adopting the combustion device can realize the standard-reaching requirement of low NOx emission by only using the pulverized coal fuel of the coal-fired boiler under the comprehensive actions of effectively reducing the generated NOx and inhibiting the generation amount of NOx, thereby avoiding the trouble of selecting other special reducing agents and being favorable for reducing the production cost.
Claims (1)
1. The combustion device for reducing NOx by directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame is characterized in that the combustion device comprises a main body, wherein the main body comprises a coal water slurry supply mechanism (1), a combustion mechanism (2), a high-pressure fan (3) and a pulverizing system (4), and the combustion device comprises the following components:
The coal water slurry supply mechanism (1) mainly comprises a coal water slurry preparation device (11), a coal water slurry flow control valve (12), a coal water slurry filter (13), a coal water slurry booster pump (14) and a coal water slurry output main pipe (15) which are sequentially arranged on an output pipeline of the coal water slurry preparation device (11);
The combustion mechanism (2) mainly comprises a high-position separation wind nozzle (21), a low-position separation wind nozzle (22), a coal water slurry spray gun (23) and a main burner (24) which are sequentially arranged on the cavity wall of the hearth (5) from top to bottom;
The main burner (24) is arranged below the coal water slurry spray gun (23) and mainly comprises air powder nozzles (241) and hot air nozzles (242) which are arranged at intervals in a staggered manner, an air powder supply channel (243) with one end connected with the powder making system (4) and the other end connected with the tail ends of the plurality of air powder nozzles (241), and a boiler bellows (244) respectively connected with the air inlet end of the hot air nozzles (242) and the air inlet end of the low-level separation air nozzle (22);
The high-position separation wind nozzle (21) is arranged above the low-position separation wind nozzle (22), and the air inlet end of the high-position separation wind nozzle is connected with the pipeline of the high-pressure fan (3) through the air flow control valve (31);
The coal water slurry spray gun (23) is arranged above the nozzle setting position of the main burner (24) in a layered mode, comprises 8 spray guns, the main bodies of which are respectively fixedly arranged at four corners of the hearth (5) and on the middle positions of four side cavity walls, and the feeding end (231) of the coal water slurry spray gun (23) is respectively connected with the coal water slurry output main pipe (15) in the coal water slurry supply mechanism (1);
the design wind speed of the high-speed airflow sprayed out of the high-position separation wind nozzle (21) is more than or equal to 80m/s;
The air supply quantity of the high-position separation air nozzle (21) and the low-position separation air nozzle (22) into the furnace is 35-40% of the total air quantity required by the hearth;
When the boiler is in operation, air-powder mixed gas is sprayed into the boiler through an air-powder nozzle (241) connected with a powder preparation system (4) through an air-powder supply channel (243), hot air is sprayed into the boiler through a hot air nozzle (242) connected with a boiler bellows (244), the air and the hot air are mixed and combusted, and a fuel-rich main combustion area with oxygen content less than 1% and temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ is formed in a hearth; the low-level separation air nozzle (22) which is connected with the boiler bellows (244) and is positioned above the air powder nozzle (241) and the hot air nozzle (242) of the main burner (24) sprays hot air into the boiler to participate in combustion, so as to form a lean fuel burnout zone positioned above the main combustion zone; the high-speed water-coal-slurry sprayed by a water-coal-slurry spray gun (23) with the tail end connected with a water-coal-slurry output main pipe (15) is directly sprayed into the flue gas ascending air flow between the main combustion area and the burnout area, so that the water-coal-slurry rapidly carries out pyrolysis reaction in a high-temperature low-oxygen environment with the oxygen content of less than 1% and the temperature of 1300-1500 ℃ to generate pyrolysis gas containing reduction active components, and the pyrolysis gas reacts with NOx generated in the flue gas flow to reduce the concentration of NOx in the flue gas, and a large amount of water vapor generated during the evaporation of water in the pyrolysis reaction in the water-coal-slurry reduces the flame peak value of the combustion area and inhibits the generation of thermal NOx; the high-speed airflow from the high-pressure fan (3) sprayed out by the high-level separation air nozzle (21) above the low-level separation air nozzle (22) is sprayed into the upper region of the hearth, so that the flow field at the upper part of the hearth is optimized, the generation of local high temperature in the hearth is avoided, the generation amount of NOx is favorably inhibited, and the coal-fired boiler adopting the combustion device can realize the standard requirement of low NOx emission by only using pulverized coal fuel per se under the comprehensive actions of effectively reducing the generated NOx and inhibiting the generation amount of NOx, thereby avoiding the trouble of selecting other special reducing agents and being favorable for reducing the production cost.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911315430.1A CN110925747B (en) | 2019-12-19 | Combustion device convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911315430.1A CN110925747B (en) | 2019-12-19 | Combustion device convenient for directly injecting coal water slurry into low-oxygen flame to reduce NOx |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110925747A CN110925747A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN110925747B true CN110925747B (en) | 2024-06-07 |
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| US5513583A (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-07 | Battista; Joseph J. | Coal water slurry burner assembly |
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| WO2012163107A1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2012-12-06 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Dense-phase swirl pulverized coal burner |
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