CN110925400A

CN110925400A - Mechanical automatic gearbox and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN110925400A
Application number: CN201911217280.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 崔刚; 祁稳; 方志勤; 郭应清; 陈飞
Original assignee: Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
Current assignee: Anhui Xingrui Gear Transmission Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-29
Filing date: 2019-11-29
Publication date: 2020-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-29
Also published as: CN110925400B

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical automatic gearbox, comprising: the gearbox comprises a gearbox shell and a gearbox assembly arranged in the gearbox shell, and the cooling device is arranged outside the gearbox shell and communicated with an inner cavity of the gearbox shell and used for cooling the gearbox assembly. The invention provides a mechanical automatic gearbox, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, under a heavy-load working condition, the gearbox cannot bear large heat dissipation pressure frequently to cause performance reduction, so that driving safety is endangered.

Description

Mechanical automatic gearbox and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a mechanical automatic gearbox and an automobile.

Background

The gearbox is one of three major parts of an automobile, is a very important part on the automobile, and plays a role in changing a transmission ratio and expanding torque and rotating speed of a driving wheel. The manual gearbox mainly comprises gears and shafts, and the speed and torque changing is generated by combining different gears; and automatic gearbox exists multiform, mainly include hydraulic automatic gearbox (AT), double clutch automatic gearbox (DCT), stepless automatic gearbox (CVT) and mechanical type automatic gearbox (AMT), wherein AT, DCT, the CVT has with high costs, the big scheduling problem of the maintenance degree of difficulty, be not suitable for commercial car, therefore mechanical type automatic gearbox (AMT) is preferred to commercial car usually, commercial car AMT automatic gearbox installs pneumatics or electronic clutch control actuating mechanism additional generally on manual gearbox's basis AT present, select shift control actuating mechanism and the control unit realization automatic gearshift function.

Under heavy load conditions, for example: the driving condition of crowded urban road that needs frequent gear shift, because the gear shift is frequent, the clutch frequently moves, and the friction disc synovial membrane in the clutch produces a large amount of heats for the radiating pressure that the gearbox bore is great. The gearbox in the traditional technology often cannot bear such large heat dissipation pressure, so that the performance is reduced, and the driving safety is endangered.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a mechanical automatic gearbox and an automobile, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, under a heavy-load working condition, the gearbox cannot bear high heat dissipation pressure, so that the performance of the gearbox is reduced, and the driving safety is endangered.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a mechanical automatic transmission including: the gearbox comprises a gearbox shell and a gearbox assembly arranged in the gearbox shell; and

and the cooling device is arranged outside the transmission shell, is communicated with the inner cavity of the transmission shell and is used for cooling the transmission assembly.

Optionally, the cooling device includes a cooling structure disposed outside the transmission housing, and a circulation pipeline communicated with the cooling structure, and the circulation pipeline is in circulation communication with an inner cavity of the transmission housing.

Optionally, a hydraulic oil chamber is arranged in the gearbox shell;

the gearbox assembly comprises a wet clutch and an oil pump-hydraulic integrated module which are arranged in the hydraulic oil cavity, two ends of the circulating pipeline extend into the hydraulic oil cavity, one end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the wet clutch, and the other end of the circulating pipeline is communicated with the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module.

Optionally, the cooling structure includes a radiator disposed outside the transmission housing, and a hydraulic oil cooler disposed in the radiator;

the circulating pipeline comprises an oil inlet pipe and an oil outlet pipe, one end of the oil inlet pipe extends into the hydraulic oil cavity and is communicated with the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module, the other end of the oil inlet pipe extends into the radiator and is communicated with one end of the hydraulic oil cooler, one end of the oil outlet pipe extends into the hydraulic oil cavity and is communicated with the wet clutch, and the other end of the oil outlet pipe extends into the radiator and is communicated with the other end of the hydraulic oil cooler.

Optionally, the radiator is including the heat dissipation casing that has the heat dissipation chamber to and the intercommunication is located the coolant liquid feed pipe and the coolant liquid drain pipe at heat dissipation casing both ends, hydraulic oil cooler is located in the heat dissipation chamber, coolant liquid feed pipe with other heating structure intercommunication on coolant liquid drain pipe and the car.

Optionally, the transmission comprises a temperature detection mechanism arranged on the transmission assembly, and a controller electrically connected with the temperature detection mechanism, wherein the controller is electrically connected with the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module.

Optionally, the temperature detection mechanism includes a first temperature sensor disposed on the wet clutch, and the first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

Optionally, the circulation pipeline comprises an internal circulation pipe which is communicated with the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe, and the internal circulation pipe is positioned in the hydraulic oil cavity;

the gearbox comprises an electromagnetic valve arranged on the inner circulating pipe, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller.

Optionally, the gearbox further comprises an input shaft provided in the gearbox housing;

the temperature detection mechanism comprises a second temperature sensor arranged on the input shaft, and the second temperature sensor is electrically connected with the controller.

The present invention also provides an automobile including a mechanical automatic transmission, the mechanical automatic transmission including:

the gearbox comprises a gearbox shell and a gearbox assembly arranged in the gearbox shell; and

In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the mechanical automatic gearbox comprises a gearbox and a cooling device. The gearbox comprises a gearbox shell and a gearbox assembly arranged in the gearbox shell, and the cooling device is arranged outside the gearbox shell, communicated with an inner cavity of the gearbox shell and used for cooling the gearbox assembly. The mechanical automatic gearbox in the prior art only adopts the gearbox to dissipate heat, and under the working condition of a large load of the gearbox, heat generated in the working process of the gearbox cannot be quickly and effectively removed, so that the performance of the gearbox is influenced, and the driving safety is finally endangered. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the cooling device is additionally arranged outside the gearbox and can be used for cooling the gearbox. Under the heavy load operating mode, set up cooling device's gearbox can be very fast dispel the heat that produces in the course of the work for the continuous steady operation of gearbox is ensured to some extent, is favorable to driving safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automatic mechanical transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged structure of a cooling apparatus of the automatic mechanical transmission according to the embodiment of the present invention in fig. 1.

Description of the reference numerals

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The gearbox is one of three major parts of an automobile, is a very important part on the automobile, and plays a role in changing a transmission ratio and expanding torque and rotating speed of a driving wheel. The manual gearbox mainly comprises gears and shafts, and the speed and torque changing is generated by combining different gears; the automatic gearbox consists of a hydraulic torque converter, a planetary gear, a hydraulic torque conversion system and a hydraulic operation system, and achieves speed and torque conversion through a hydraulic transmission and gear combination mode.

Under heavy load conditions, for example: the driving condition of crowded urban roads requiring frequent gear shifting causes the transmission to bear higher heat dissipation pressure due to the frequent gear shifting. The gearbox in the traditional technology often cannot bear such large heat dissipation pressure, so that the performance is reduced, and the driving safety is endangered.

In view of this, the present invention provides an automobile including an automatic mechanical transmission 1000. The automatic mechanical transmission 1000 includes a transmission case 100 and a cooling device 200. In the drawings of the present specification, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical automatic transmission 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a partially enlarged structure of a cooling device 200 of the automatic mechanical transmission 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention in fig. 1.

Further, the cooling device 200 includes a cooling structure 210 disposed outside the transmission housing 110, and a circulation pipeline 220 connected to the cooling structure 210, wherein the circulation pipeline 220 is in circulation communication with the inner cavity of the transmission housing 110. The cooling structure 210 is connected to the transmission case 100 through a circulation line 220 to dissipate heat. Specifically, a hydraulic oil chamber 111 is formed in the transmission housing 110, the transmission assembly 120 includes a wet clutch 121 and an oil pump-hydraulic integration module 122 installed in the hydraulic oil chamber 111, two ends of a circulation pipeline 220 extend into the hydraulic oil chamber 111, and one end of the circulation pipeline 220 is communicated with the wet clutch 121 and the other end is communicated with the oil pump-hydraulic integration module 122. It should be noted that a hydraulic oil chamber 111 in the transmission case 110 is filled with a certain volume of oil for the oil pump-hydraulic pressure integration module 122 to build pressure and supply cooling oil to the friction plates of the wet clutch 121. The oil pump-hydraulic pressure integrated module 122, the wet clutch 121 and the cooling structure 210 in the transmission 100 are connected through a circulation line 220 to form a complete loop. When the transmission 100 is in a heavy load condition, for example: under the condition of frequent gear shifting in congested urban areas, a large amount of heat generated in the working process of the gearbox 100 cannot be dissipated in time, and at the moment, the cooling structure 210 works to dissipate redundant heat through the circulating pipeline 220 to realize timely cooling of the gearbox 100, so that normal working and operation of the gearbox 100 are ensured.

Further, the cooling structure 210 includes a radiator 211 disposed outside the transmission housing 110, and a hydraulic oil cooler 212 disposed in the radiator 211, the circulation line 220 includes an oil inlet pipe 221 and an oil outlet pipe 222, one end of the oil inlet pipe 221 extends into the hydraulic oil chamber 111 to communicate with the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module 122, the other end extends into the radiator 211 to communicate with one end of the hydraulic oil cooler 212, one end of the oil outlet pipe 222 extends into the hydraulic oil chamber 111 to communicate with the wet clutch 121, and the other end extends into the radiator 211 to communicate with the other end of the hydraulic oil cooler 212. The oil pump-hydraulic pressure integrated module 122, the hydraulic oil cooler 212 and the wet clutch 121 form a complete loop through the circulation pipeline 220, and provide a good heat dissipation effect. It should be noted that, in the present technical solution, the hydraulic oil cooler 212 is integrated in the radiator 211, and the radiator 211 can provide good protection for the hydraulic oil cooler 212, so as to prevent the hydraulic oil cooler from being unable to work normally due to external interference. In addition, the radiator 211 can be used for installing the hydraulic oil cooler 212, and can be further used for cooling other heat generating components of the automobile, so that the heat dissipation performance of the whole automobile is further improved. Specifically, the radiator 211 includes a radiating housing 213 having a radiating cavity 214, and a coolant inlet 215 and a coolant outlet 216 that are disposed at two ends of the radiating housing 213 in a communicating manner, the hydraulic oil cooler 212 is disposed in the radiating cavity 214, and the coolant inlet 215 and the coolant outlet 216 are in communication with other heat generating structures on the vehicle. It should be noted that other heat generating structures on automobiles include: an engine, a brake pad, etc.,

further, the transmission 100 may further include a temperature detection mechanism disposed on the transmission assembly 120, and a controller electrically connected to the temperature detection mechanism, the controller being electrically connected to the oil pump-hydraulic pressure integration module 122. By arranging the temperature detection mechanism and the controller, the transmission 100 can control the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module 122 to cool hydraulic oil with different input flow rates according to the temperature state information collected by the temperature detection mechanism, so that the temperature of the friction plate of the wet clutch 121 is not more than the ablation critical temperature, and the normal operation of the transmission 100 is ensured. The hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oil cooler 212 through the circulating pipeline 220 for circulating cooling, so that the hydraulic oil is always at a reasonable temperature, and a good cooling effect is guaranteed. Specifically, the temperature detection mechanism includes a first temperature sensor 123a provided on the wet clutch 121, and the first temperature sensor 123a is electrically connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the first temperature sensor 123a may be a clutch rotation speed temperature sensor for monitoring the operation state information such as the rotation speed and temperature of the clutch. Further, the transmission 100 further includes an input shaft 140 disposed in the transmission housing 110, and the temperature detection mechanism may further include a second temperature sensor 123b disposed on the input shaft 140, the second temperature sensor 123b being electrically connected to the controller. The second temperature sensor 123b may be set as a rotational speed sensor of the input shaft 140, and the rotational speeds of the input end and the output end of the clutch are collected in real time through the rotational speed temperature sensor of the clutch and the rotational speed sensor of the input shaft 140. The rotating speed difference between the driving plate and the driven plate of the wet clutch 121 is obtained, the heating power of the clutch in a slip mode state is calculated according to a real-time torque value provided by an engine, and the flow of cooling oil input to the clutch plate is adjusted by the oil pump-hydraulic integration module 122, so that the temperature between the plates is not over a limit value. The oil pump-hydraulic integrated module 122 pumps the oil in the hydraulic oil chamber 111 into the hydraulic module for distribution, wherein the oil which needs to be provided to the wet clutch 121 for friction plate cooling firstly passes through the hydraulic oil cooler 212, is cooled by the cooling liquid in the radiator 211, then flows into the wet clutch 121 to carry out heat between plates, and finally returns to the hydraulic oil chamber 111, thereby realizing the cooling function of the wet clutch 121.

The aforesaid relates to the condition for its timely heat dissipation under the more condition of mechanical automatic gearbox 1000 generates heat, and in fact, in the daily use of car, mechanical automatic gearbox 1000's normal operating temperature has its own law, can neither too high nor low, and is full then lack, and is hesitant. In addition, controlling the temperature of the automatic mechanical transmission 1000 within a reasonable range is also advantageous for improving the durability of the automatic mechanical transmission and maintaining the good performance of the automatic mechanical transmission. Therefore, when the mechanical automatic transmission 1000 is at a low temperature, the temperature thereof needs to be increased to ensure normal use. For example: in cold winter, the automatic mechanical transmission 1000 needs to be rapidly warmed up to recover normal use functions. The technical development of the mechanical automatic transmission 1000 is being reversely catalyzed by the requirement of diversified use scenes. Therefore, further, in the solution provided by the present invention, the circulation pipeline 220 may further include an internal circulation pipe 223 communicating the oil inlet pipe 221 and the oil outlet pipe 222, the internal circulation pipe 223 is located in the hydraulic oil chamber 111, the transmission 100 further includes a solenoid valve 130 disposed on the internal circulation pipe 223, and the solenoid valve 130 is electrically connected to the controller. The solenoid valve 130 is disposed in the hydraulic oil chamber 111, and can achieve the following functions that when the ambient temperature is low, the vehicle is started, the temperature of the cooling liquid and the hydraulic oil of the transmission are affected by the ambient temperature, when the ambient temperature is low, the viscosity of the oil is greatly increased, the efficiency of the whole transmission is reduced, and the temperature of the whole transmission 100 needs to be quickly increased. At this time, the controller is required to control the solenoid valve 130 to be opened, and the transmission hydraulic oil is not heat-exchanged through the cooling device 200, but is internally circulated inside the hydraulic oil chamber 111 through the internal circulation pipe 223 so that the hydraulic oil flows only through the oil pump-hydraulic pressure integration module 122 and the wet clutch 121. The heat is not dissipated by the heat sink, ensuring a rapid temperature rise of the transmission 100. Moreover, in the present embodiment, when the temperature of the hydraulic oil exceeds a certain high temperature limit, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve 130 to close, at this time, the oil does not pass through the internal circulation pipe 223, but passes through the oil inlet pipe 221 and the oil outlet pipe 222, and is externally circulated through the oil pump-hydraulic integrated module 122, the hydraulic oil cooler 212, and the wet clutch 121, and the hydraulic oil exchanges heat with the radiator 211 to achieve rapid cooling. It should be further noted that, in the present technical solution, the internal circulation may enable the automatic mechanical transmission 1000 to be rapidly heated, and the external circulation may enable the automatic mechanical transmission 1000 to be rapidly cooled. By controlling the internal circulation or the external circulation of the hydraulic oil of the gearbox, the heat dissipation requirement under high oil temperature and the quick temperature rise requirement under low oil temperature can be considered. The working temperature range of the gearbox 100 can be optimized, and the comprehensive transmission efficiency of the gearbox 100 is improved. By means of the internal circulation pipe 223 and the electromagnetic valve 130 electrically connected with the controller, the transmission case 100 can be switched between the internal circulation use state and the external circulation use state, can adapt to various use scenes, and is convenient to switch. The temperature detection mechanism can be matched with a controller to adjust the flow of cooling oil, so that the reliability and the safety of the mechanical automatic gearbox 1000 are improved.

In the solution provided by the present invention, the mechanical automatic transmission 1000 includes a transmission 100 and a cooling device 200. The transmission 100 comprises a transmission housing 110 and a transmission assembly 120 arranged in the transmission housing 110, and the cooling device 200 is arranged outside the transmission housing 110 and communicated with an inner cavity of the transmission housing 110 and used for cooling the transmission 100 assembly. In the conventional mechanical automatic transmission 1000, only the transmission 100 itself is used for heat dissipation, and under the condition of a large load of the transmission 100, heat generated in the working process of the transmission 100 cannot be quickly and effectively removed, so that the performance of the transmission 100 is affected and the driving safety is finally endangered. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the cooling device 200 is additionally arranged, and the cooling device 200 is arranged outside the gearbox 100 and can be used for cooling the gearbox 100. Under the heavy load operating mode, the heat that produces in the working process can be fast dispelled to the gearbox 100 that has set up cooling device 200 for gearbox 100's continuous steady operation has ensured to some extent, is favorable to driving safety.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical automatic transmission, comprising:

2. The automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device includes a cooling structure disposed outside the transmission housing, and a circulation line in communication with the cooling structure, the circulation line being in circulation communication with the internal cavity of the transmission housing.

3. The automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 2, wherein a hydraulic oil chamber is provided in the transmission housing;

4. A mechanical automatic transmission according to claim 3, characterised in that the cooling arrangement comprises a radiator located outside the transmission housing, and a hydraulic oil cooler located in the radiator;

5. The mechanical automatic transmission according to claim 4, wherein the radiator includes a radiating casing having a radiating cavity, and a coolant inlet pipe and a coolant outlet pipe that are provided in communication with both ends of the radiating casing, the hydraulic oil cooler is provided in the radiating cavity, and the coolant inlet pipe and the coolant outlet pipe are in communication with other heat generating structures on the vehicle.

6. The automated mechanical transmission of claim 4, wherein the transmission includes a temperature sensing mechanism disposed on the transmission assembly, and a controller electrically coupled to the temperature sensing mechanism, the controller being electrically coupled to the pump-hydraulic integration module.

7. The automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 6, wherein the temperature detection mechanism includes a first temperature sensor provided on the wet clutch, the first temperature sensor being electrically connected to the controller.

8. The mechanical automatic transmission according to claim 6, wherein the circulation line includes an internal circulation pipe that communicates the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe, the internal circulation pipe being located in the hydraulic oil chamber;

9. The automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 6, wherein said transmission further comprises an input shaft disposed in said transmission housing;

10. An automobile characterized by comprising the mechanical automatic transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 9.