CN110925242B

CN110925242B - Turbocharger

Info

Publication number: CN110925242B
Application number: CN201911286110.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宗立君
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-13
Filing date: 2019-12-13
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-13
Also published as: CN110925242A

Abstract

The invention discloses a turbocharger, which comprises a shell and an impeller arranged in the shell; the shell comprises an air inlet and an air inlet cavity communicated with the air inlet; the constant temperature device comprises a heat conduction shell arranged on the shell, a water channel arranged in the heat conduction shell, a water inlet pipe communicated with the water channel and a water outlet pipe matched with the water inlet pipe; the invention reduces the temperature base of the outer shell through the matching arrangement of the heat conduction shell, the water channel, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, so that the air is not easy to expand, the compression rate is higher, the oxygen supply is more sufficient, and the service life of the equipment is longer.

Description

Turbocharger

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of superchargers, and particularly relates to a turbocharger.

Background

The turbocharger itself is not a power source, it works by using the residual energy in the engine exhaust, its function is to provide more air to the engine, the turbocharger is installed on the engine exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas from the engine cylinder pushes the turbine to rotate, then drives the compressor impeller to pressurize the air filtered by the air filter and send it into the cylinder, because the air entering the cylinder is increased, it allows to inject more fuel or make the fuel burn more fully, thus the engine produces more power, therefore the turbocharger has the advantages of improving power, reducing fuel consumption rate, increasing low speed torque, reducing exhaust pollution, recovering plateau power, etc. under the condition of no change of the gasoline engine structure, therefore the turbocharger is widely used as a power auxiliary device.

However, since the air is spirally compressed after entering the supercharger, high-speed collision and friction between the air and the supercharger can cause the temperature of the air and the temperature of the supercharger to be greatly increased, and the air is heated and expanded due to the increase of the temperature, so that the compressed air amount is reduced, and not only enough oxygen cannot be supplied to the engine, but also the supercharger is easily damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a turbocharger with sufficient oxygen supply and long service life in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a turbocharger includes a housing and an impeller disposed within the housing; the shell comprises an air inlet and an air inlet cavity communicated with the air inlet; the constant temperature device comprises a heat conduction shell arranged on the shell, a water channel arranged in the heat conduction shell, a water inlet pipe communicated with the water channel and a water outlet pipe matched with the water inlet pipe; through the matching arrangement of the heat conduction shell, the water channel, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, high temperature in the shell can be quickly absorbed, so that the temperature of the shell can be reduced and always maintained at a lower temperature level, air is not easy to expand by heating, the damage of a supercharger is avoided, the service life of equipment is prolonged, the amount of oxygen conveyed to an engine is sufficient, and the engine can generate higher power; meanwhile, the water inlet and outlet pipe can be communicated with the existing cooling system of the engine, an additional circulating system is not needed, and the equipment cost is saved.

Furthermore, the heat conducting shell comprises a left shell, a right shell detachably connected with the left shell, an inserting convex edge arranged on the left shell and an inserting groove matched with the inserting convex edge; through the arrangement of the structure, when the heat conduction shell is more convenient to install, the connection tightness is better, the heat conduction shell is in comprehensive contact with the shell, and the heat conduction effect is better.

Furthermore, the water channel is arranged in a spiral structure and comprises an outer water channel communicated with the water inlet pipe and an inner water channel communicated with the water outlet pipe; through the arrangement of the structure, the flow velocity of water flow in the water channel is faster, the heat absorption effect is better, and the cooling effect is more obvious.

The fan is characterized by further comprising an air volume control device, wherein the air volume control device comprises a mounting seat detachably connected with the heat conduction shell, a supporting rod arranged on the mounting seat, a fan blade structure used for changing the size of the air inlet and a fan blade driving structure matched with the fan blade structure; through the arrangement of the structure, the size of the air inlet can be changed, so that the air inlet amount is changed, when the engine stops, the impeller can not continuously supply air due to inertial rotation, the damage to equipment is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Furthermore, the fan blade structure comprises a fan shaft arranged on the supporting rod, a fixed fan fixedly connected with the fan shaft and a closed fan rotationally matched with the fan shaft; through the arrangement of the structure, the sealing fan can rotate back and forth, so that the size of the air inlet can be changed according to the use requirements of different conditions, and the aim of controlling the air inlet amount is fulfilled.

Further, the fixed fan is arranged in an inclined state; the fixed fan is provided with a first clamping convex part and a second clamping convex part; through the setting of above-mentioned structure for the installation of fixed fan not only can not influence the intake, makes the air through the air intake can form the spiral air current under the effect of fixed fan now on the contrary, is convenient for further compression.

Furthermore, the closed fan is arranged in an inclined device, and is provided with a first clamping groove matched with the first clamping convex part and a second clamping groove matched with the second clamping convex part; through the setting of above-mentioned structure for fixed fan and the cooperation of sealing between the fan are more stable, and both can not relative vibration, thereby the production of the noise of reduction makes structural strength higher, and equipment operation is more stable.

Furthermore, the fan blade driving structure comprises a driving ring capable of moving back and forth, a driving sheet arranged on the driving ring, a movable groove for the driving sheet to move back and forth, and a reset piece with one end acting on the driving sheet, wherein the other end of the reset piece acts on the movable groove; through the arrangement of the structure, the driving sheet can move back and forth in the movable groove, the structure is simple, the matching is stable, and the failure rate is low.

Furthermore, a convex rod is arranged on the closed fan, a groove matched with the convex rod is arranged on the driving sheet, and a movable channel matched with the convex rod is arranged on the mounting seat; through the arrangement of the structure, the sealing fan can move along with the movement of the driving sheet, and the purpose of changing the size of the air inlet is achieved.

In conclusion, the heat conduction shell, the water channel, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are matched, so that the temperature of the shell is reduced, air is not easy to expand, the compression rate is higher, oxygen supply is more sufficient, and the service life of equipment is longer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view at B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view at C of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a waste gas turbine according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the left housing of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective sectional view of the air volume control device according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at D of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a pressure relief actuator according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-10, a turbocharger comprises a housing 1, an impeller 2, a thermostatic device, an air volume control device and a pressure relief execution device; the shell comprises an exhaust gas cavity 11, an exhaust gas pipe 12, an exhaust gas channel 13, an exhaust port 14, an air inlet cavity 15, an air outlet pipe 16, an air inlet 17 and an air outlet channel 18; the impeller comprises a waste gas wheel 21, an air inlet wheel 22 and a connecting rod 23; the waste gas wheel is arranged in the waste gas cavity and at least partially embedded in the inner wall of the waste gas cavity, so that when waste gas flows through the waste gas wheel, the waste gas wheel and the waste gas wheel are in smooth contact, and air resistance and noise are not easy to generate; the air inlet wheel is arranged in the air inlet cavity and at least partially embedded in the inner wall of the air inlet cavity, so that when air flows through the air inlet wheel, noise and air resistance are not easy to generate; the exhaust wheel and the air inlet wheel are both connected with the connecting rod in a key mode, so that the exhaust wheel and the air inlet wheel can rotate synchronously.

Specifically, the waste gas cavity is arranged in the shell, and the exhaust port is arranged at the bottom of the shell and communicated with the waste gas cavity, so that waste gas entering the waste gas cavity can be discharged from the exhaust port; the waste gas channel is arranged around the waste gas cavity and communicated with the waste gas cavity; the waste gas pipe is formed by extending the outer surface of the shell outwards and is communicated with the waste gas channel, and the waste gas pipe is tangent to the waste gas channel, so that waste gas input into the waste gas channel from the waste gas pipe can move along the annular waste gas pipe to form vortex, the vortex acts on the waste gas wheel to push the waste gas wheel to rotate, and the rotation of the waste gas wheel drives the air inlet wheel connected with the waste gas wheel to rotate; the rotation of the air inlet wheel in the air inlet cavity can form negative pressure in the air inlet cavity, and the air inlet is formed in the top of the shell and communicated with the air inlet cavity, so that external air can be sucked into the air inlet cavity under the action of the negative pressure, and eddy current is formed and compressed under the action of the air inlet wheel; the air outlet channel is arranged around the air inlet cavity and communicated with the air inlet cavity, so that compressed air in the air inlet cavity can enter the air outlet channel; the air outlet pipe is formed by extending the outer surface of the shell outwards and is communicated with the air outlet channel, and the air outlet pipe and the air outlet channel are tangent, so that the compressed air flowing in the air outlet channel can flow out along the air outlet pipe and is conveyed into the engine, and sufficient oxygen is provided for the engine.

Preferably, the blades of the waste gas turbine and the inlet gas turbine are both provided with spiral structures, so that the blades can be better contacted with gas; the waste gas wheel 21 is provided with a wind shielding part 211 which is an arc-shaped plate in a vertical state, and the height of a connecting port between the waste gas channel and the waste gas cavity is the same as that of the wind shielding part, so that waste gas in the waste gas channel can better act on the waste gas wheel, the waste gas wheel is driven to rotate more quickly, and the air inflow is further increased; the micro-spiral is arranged in the air outlet channel 18, so that when compressed air enters the air outlet channel, spiral airflow can be formed, the air can be further compressed, the flowing speed is higher, the air inflow is further increased, and the engine can obtain more sufficient oxygen supply; in order to enable the air in the air inlet cavity to enter the air outlet channel to better form spiral airflow, the lower edge of a connecting port of the air inlet cavity and the air outlet channel is tangent to the lower edge of the air outlet channel, and the height of the connecting port is smaller than the radius of the air outlet channel.

Specifically, the thermostatic device comprises a heat conducting shell 31, a water channel 32, a water inlet pipe 33 and a water outlet pipe 34; the heat conduction shell is arranged on the shell 1, sleeved on the upper part of the shell and positioned on the outer side of the air inlet cavity; the water channel is arranged in the heat conduction shell, is arranged in a spiral structure and is divided into an outer water channel 321 and an inner water channel 322; one end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with the outer water channel, and the other end of the water inlet pipe is communicated with a cooling system of the engine, so that cooling liquid in the cooling system can be directly utilized, a water circulation system does not need to be additionally installed, the use is more convenient, and the cost is saved; one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the inner water channel, and the other end of the water outlet pipe is also communicated with a cooling system of the engine, so that the cooling liquid can form circulation, and a better cooling effect is achieved; because the air in the air inlet cavity moves at a high speed to be compressed, the temperature in the air inlet cavity is greatly increased, and the air is expanded due to high temperature, so that the content of oxygen actually entering the air inlet cavity is low, the air inlet effect is poor, and the air is heated and expanded to give great pressure to the shell 1, so that the service life of the shell is influenced; and through the setting of constant temperature equipment for the temperature in the intake chamber is reduced, has restrained the inflation of intake intracavity air, thereby makes and to supply more oxygen for the engine, and the operation that the engine can be better, and the utilization ratio of oil is higher, has also prolonged the life of shell simultaneously.

Specifically, the heat conducting shell 31 is made of a metal material, and has a good heat conducting effect; the heat conducting shell is divided into a left shell 311 and a right shell 312, so that the heat conducting shell can be sleeved on the outer side of the shell 1 more conveniently, and the installation is more convenient; the left shell and the right shell are respectively provided with an inserting convex edge 313 and an inserting groove 314, the inserting convex edges can be just embedded into the inserting grooves, and the inserting convex edges are arranged on one side of the left shell and the other side of the left shell, and the inserting convex edges and the inserting grooves on the right shell are matched with the left shell, so that when water flow in the water channel circularly flows along one direction, the sealing effect is better; the sealing ring is preferably sleeved on the inserting convex edge, so that the sealing effect is further enhanced.

Specifically, the air volume control device comprises a mounting seat 41, a support rod 44, a fan blade structure and a fan blade driving structure; the fan blade structure comprises a fan shaft 45, a fixed fan 42 and a closed fan 43; the mounting seat is mounted on the heat conducting shell 31 and is connected with the heat conducting shell through bolts; the supporting rods 44 are welded on the mounting seat, in the embodiment, four supporting rods are welded, a fan shaft 45 is welded at the intersection of the four supporting rods, one end of the fixed fan is welded with the fan shaft, the other end of the fixed fan is welded with the mounting seat and is mounted in an inclined state, and the inclined angle is the same as the inclined angle of the fan blades on the air inlet wheel 22, so that the influence of the mounting of the fixed fan on the air inlet amount is small; the sealing fan is arranged above the fixed fan, the sealing fan and the fixed fan are tightly attached to each other, and the fixed fan can play a role in supporting the sealing fan; one end of the sealing fan is connected with the fan shaft bearing, and the other end of the sealing fan is in sliding fit with the mounting seat, so that the sealing fan can rotate back and forth relative to the fan shaft, the size of the air inlet is changed, the size of the air inlet is controlled, the air inlet wheel can be inhibited due to continuous rotation air inlet caused by inertia when the engine stops working, the damage to equipment caused by continuous air inlet of the air inlet wheel when the engine stops is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Specifically, a first clamping convex part 421 and a second clamping convex part 422 are arranged on the fixed fan, the first clamping convex part is formed by extending the upper surface of the fixed fan outwards, and the second clamping convex part is formed by extending at least part of the surfaces of two sides of the upper part of the first clamping convex part outwards; the sealing fan is provided with a first clamping groove 431 and a second clamping groove 432, the first clamping groove is formed by extending the lower surface of the sealing fan inwards, and the second clamping groove is formed by extending at least part of the surfaces of two sides of the upper end of the first clamping groove inwards; the first clamping convex part is just embedded into the first clamping groove, the second clamping convex part is just embedded into the second clamping groove, and the first clamping convex part and the second clamping convex part are both arranged in an arc structure, so that the rotation of the sealing fan cannot be influenced; thereby make fixed fan and seal the position relatively fixed between the fan, seal the fan and can not shake about relative and fixed fan for when the structure is more stable, avoided the production of noise, prolonged the life of equipment.

Specifically, the fan blade driving structure includes a movable slot 411, a driving ring 46, a reset member 47 and a protruding rod 430; the movable groove is arranged in the mounting seat and is provided with an arc-shaped structure; the driving ring is arranged in the mounting seat and can rotate back and forth relative to the mounting seat; a driving sheet 48 is welded on the inner side of the driving ring, is positioned in the movable groove and can move back and forth along the movable groove along with the rotation of the driving ring; the reset piece is a spring and is arranged in the movable groove, one end of the reset piece acts on the driving piece, and the other end of the reset piece acts on the inner wall of the movable groove; the convex rod is formed by extending the end surface of the sealing fan close to the mounting seat outwards, penetrates into the movable groove, is embedded into the groove 481 arranged on the driving sheet, and the side wall of the movable groove is provided with a movable channel 412 which is arranged in an arc structure; when the driving ring rotates under the driving of external force, the driving piece is driven to move in the movable groove and compress the reset piece, so that the convex rod is pushed to move along the movable channel to drive the sealing fan to move, and the purpose of reducing the size of the air inlet is achieved; when the driving ring loses the external force, the driving ring reversely rotates under the action of the elastic force of the reset piece, so that the sealing fan is driven to rotate, the air inlet is opened again, and the air inlet amount is increased.

Specifically, the pressure relief executing device comprises a pressure relief barrel 50, a first vent pipe 51, a second vent pipe 52, a first elastic structure and a second elastic structure; the first elastic structure comprises an elastic membrane 53, a push rod 54, an elastic piece 55 and a baffle 541; the second elastic structure comprises a backing plate 56, a backing plate rod 58 and a buffer 57; one end of the first vent pipe is communicated with the air outlet pipe 16, and the other end of the first vent pipe is communicated with the top of the pressure relief barrel; one end of the second vent pipe is communicated with the pressure relief barrel, and the other end of the second vent pipe is communicated with the air outlet channel 18; the push rod is arranged in the pressure relief barrel, one end of the push rod penetrates through the pressure relief barrel and can slide back and forth relative to the pressure relief barrel, and a baffle 541 is welded at the top of the push rod; the elastic diaphragm is arranged in the pressure relief barrel and is positioned above the blocking piece; the elastic piece is arranged in the pressure relief barrel, one end of the elastic piece acts on the baffle, and the other end of the elastic piece acts on the bottom wall of the pressure relief barrel; the cushion plate is arranged in the pressure relief barrel, the lower end of the cushion plate is provided with a cushion plate rod 58, and at least part of the cushion plate rod penetrates out of the pressure relief barrel, so that the cushion plate and the cushion plate rod can lift back and forth relative to the pressure relief barrel; a buffer 57 is provided around the pad rod, and is a spring, one end of which acts on the pad and the other end of which acts on the bottom wall of the pressure relief barrel.

Specifically, a backing plate hole 561 is formed in the backing plate, the push rod and the elastic piece can penetrate through the backing plate hole, and the blocking piece cannot penetrate through the backing plate hole, so that the blocking piece can be pressed on the backing plate after falling under the action of external force and compressing the elastic piece, and at the moment, if the external force is large, the blocking piece can press the backing plate to fall and compress the buffer piece to play a role of double buffering; a sealing gasket 59 and a pressing plate 501 are arranged in the pressure relief barrel, the sealing gasket is arranged on the bottom of the pressure relief barrel, and the push rod and the baffle rod can penetrate through the sealing gasket and form sliding sealing fit with the sealing gasket; the pressing plate is arranged above the sealing gasket, so that the effect of compressing the sealing gasket is achieved, and the sealing gasket is guaranteed to have a good sealing effect all the time.

In order to enable the driving ring to rotate, a transmission assembly is installed, and comprises a connecting rope 491, a driving rod 492, a guide wheel 493 and a wheel carrier 494; the driving rod is welded on the outer side of the driving ring 46, and a driving groove 413 is formed in the mounting seat, so that the driving rod can penetrate through the mounting seat; the wheel carrier is welded on the mounting seat, the wheel shaft bearing is connected on the wheel carrier, and the guide wheel is connected on the wheel shaft in a key mode, so that the guide wheel can rotate back and forth relative to the wheel carrier; connect rope one end and push rod 54 and link to each other, the other end links to each other with the actuating lever, thereby make when pressure release final controlling element starts, when reducing the atmospheric pressure in the outlet duct, can drive promptly and connect the rope removal, thereby drive the actuating lever and rotate, and then drive the actuating lever and rotate, make and seal the fan and can rotate and reduce the air inlet, further avoid admitting air the chamber, the atmospheric pressure in outlet duct and the outlet duct risees, play better pressure release effect, and need not to install extra drive structure for air volume control device, the equipment cost is saved, this connection rope is wire rope.

A mounting bracket 6 including a coupling ring 61, a frame bar 62 and a mounting piece 63; the connecting ring is arranged on the shell 1 and can rotate back and forth relative to the shell, so that different installation conditions can be adapted; the rack rod is welded on the connecting ring, the mounting plate is welded on the rack rod, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the mounting plate, so that the mounting is convenient; the frame rod comprises a rod body 621, a reinforcing rod 622 and a fixing part 623; the rod body is welded on the connecting ring, one end of the reinforcing rod is welded on the rod body, and the other end of the reinforcing rod is welded on the connecting ring, so that the structural strength of the rack rod is enhanced; the fixing part is welded on the reinforcing rod, a fixing hole 624 is formed in the fixing part, and a plurality of threaded holes 625 corresponding to the fixing holes are formed in the shell, so that the mounting bracket can be fixed at multiple angles, cannot rotate after being fixed, and the firmness of mounting is guaranteed.

Claims

1. A turbocharger comprises a housing (1) and an impeller (2) disposed within the housing (1); the shell (1) comprises an air inlet (17) and an air inlet cavity (15) communicated with the air inlet (17); the method is characterized in that: the constant temperature device can reduce the temperature of the shell (1), and comprises a heat conduction shell (31) arranged on the shell (1), a water channel (32) arranged in the heat conduction shell (31), a water inlet pipe (33) communicated with the water channel (32) and a water outlet pipe (34) matched with the water inlet pipe (33); the heat conducting shell (31) comprises a left shell (311), a right shell (312) detachably connected with the left shell (311), an insertion convex edge (313) arranged on the left shell (311) and an insertion groove (314) matched with the insertion convex edge (313); the water channel (32) is arranged in a spiral structure, and the water channel (32) comprises an outer water channel (321) communicated with the water inlet pipe (33) and an inner water channel (322) communicated with the water outlet pipe (34).

2. The turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein: the fan is characterized by further comprising an air volume control device, wherein the air volume control device comprises a mounting seat (41) detachably connected with the heat conducting shell (31), a supporting rod (44) arranged on the mounting seat (41), a fan blade structure used for changing the size of the air inlet (17) and a fan blade driving structure matched with the fan blade structure.

3. The turbocharger according to claim 2, wherein: the fan blade structure comprises a fan shaft (45) arranged on the supporting rod (44), a fixed fan (42) fixedly connected with the fan shaft (45) and a closed fan (43) rotationally matched with the fan shaft (45).

4. The turbocharger according to claim 3, wherein: the fixed fan (42) is arranged in an inclined state; the fixed fan (42) is provided with a first clamping convex part (421) and a second clamping convex part (422).

5. The turbocharger according to claim 4, wherein: the sealing fan (43) is arranged as an inclining device, and a first clamping groove (431) matched with the first clamping convex part (421) and a second clamping groove (432) matched with the second clamping convex part (422) are arranged on the sealing fan (43).

6. The turbocharger according to claim 3, wherein: the fan blade driving structure comprises a driving ring (46) capable of moving back and forth, a driving sheet (48) arranged on the driving ring (46), a movable groove (411) for the driving sheet (48) to move back and forth and a reset piece (47) with one end acting on the driving sheet (48), wherein the other end of the reset piece (47) acts on the movable groove (411).

7. The turbocharger according to claim 6, wherein: the sealing fan (43) is provided with a convex rod (430), the driving sheet (48) is provided with a groove (481) matched with the convex rod (430), and the mounting seat (41) is provided with a movable channel (412) matched with the convex rod (430).