CN110922997A - Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven - Google Patents
Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven Download PDFInfo
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- CN110922997A CN110922997A CN201911260120.4A CN201911260120A CN110922997A CN 110922997 A CN110922997 A CN 110922997A CN 201911260120 A CN201911260120 A CN 201911260120A CN 110922997 A CN110922997 A CN 110922997A
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
A distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven belongs to the technical field of heat recovery coke oven body design. The coke oven comprises a left side heat-insulating layer, a right side heat-insulating layer, a furnace bottom, a carbonization chamber, a combustion chamber and a furnace top; the left side heat-insulating layer and the right side heat-insulating layer are respectively arranged on two sides of the furnace body of the dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven, and the furnace bottom is arranged on the civil engineering foundation of the heat recovery coke oven; the carbonization chambers and the combustion chambers are arranged alternately; the combustion chamber is provided with a combustion chamber partition wall; a charcoal combustion partition wall is arranged between the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber. Coal materials are loaded into the carbonization chamber from a coal loading hole at the top of the furnace, the generated crude gas is diffused to the space at the top of the furnace from bottom to top, and the crude gas in the space at the top of the furnace enters a descending flue of the combustion chamber from a flue on the charcoal combustion partition wall; high-temperature waste gas in the combustion chamber enters the gas collection flue through the waste gas outlet to be supplied to the waste heat boiler to generate steam for power supply. The coke melting furnace has the advantages that the problem of coke melting is solved from the source, the furnace body structure adopts a mode of feeding coal and discharging coke, the occupied area is reduced, and the heating uniformity is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of design of a heat recovery coke oven body, and particularly relates to a dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven.
Background
The heat recovery coke oven becomes a powerful supplement of the traditional coke oven due to the unique oven body structure and process technology, the application of the technology expands the coking coal resources, reduces the emission of pollutants, recovers the waste heat of the coking waste gas, realizes the clean production of products, accords with the industrial policy and the environmental protection requirement of the coking industry in China, and has wide development prospect.
At present, most of heat recovery coke ovens in China are horizontal ovens, and have the advantages of large width, large volume and the like of a carbonization chamber, but the problems of coke formation, coke yield reduction and ash content increase are caused due to negative pressure operation of the carbonization chamber. In addition, the prior heat recovery coke oven is limited by the coking time, and the coke capacity is small.
The dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven adopts the micro-positive pressure design of a carbonization chamber, and solves the problem of coke melting from the source; meanwhile, the coking chamber adopts a flat-long design, so that the coking time is greatly shortened, and the coke capacity is improved. In addition, the horizontal heat recovery coke oven has large floor area, the dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven overcomes the defect, the floor area is small by adopting a mode of coal going up and coke going down, the dispersed combustion design of the combustion chamber ensures the complete combustion of coking waste gas, the requirement of environmental protection is met, and the utilization rate of heat energy is ensured to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven, which solves the problems of combustion loss and long coking time of part of coal and coke in the coking process.
A distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven comprises a left side heat-insulating layer 1, a right side heat-insulating layer 2, a furnace bottom 3, a carbonization chamber 4, a combustion chamber 5 and a furnace top 6; the left side heat preservation 1 and the right side heat preservation 2 set up respectively in the left and right sides of dispersion burning formula heat recovery coke oven furnace body, and left side and right side heat preservation reach the radiating purpose of reduction furnace body, and the heat preservation effect satisfies the actual production demand. The bottom 3 of the coke oven is arranged on the civil foundation of the heat recovery coke oven and is the foundation of the whole coke oven, and four lower coke holes 7 are arranged on the bottom 3 of the coke oven to meet the requirement of smooth coke discharge. The carbonization chambers 4 and the combustion chambers 5 are arranged alternately and are positioned on the furnace bottom 3, the carbonization chambers 4 are of flat long rectangular structures, and the middle parts of the carbonization chambers are provided with carbonization chamber air guide walls 8; the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a combustion chamber partition wall 9 which plays the roles of dispersed combustion and furnace body strength improvement; a charcoal combustion partition wall 10 is arranged between the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, a flue 12 is arranged at the upper part of the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, raw gas enters a combustion chamber descending flue 11 through the flue 12, and the raw gas and air led into the combustion chamber form a dispersed combustion state in the process of flowing from top to bottom in the combustion chamber descending flue 11. The position of the flue 12 is lower than the bottom surface of the furnace top 6 and higher than the air guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber; the furnace top 6 is arranged above the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, and the furnace top 6 is provided with two 'trumpet-shaped' coal charging holes 13 so as to finish the top coal charging operation.
The left side heat preservation layer 1 is formed by building refractory bricks, a furnace chamber close to the carbonization chamber 4 is built by clay bricks, a furnace chamber far away from the carbonization chamber 4 is built by heat insulation bricks, the design of the thickness of the refractory brick wall takes the heat dissipation factor of the furnace body into consideration, and the actual production requirement of the heat recovery coke oven is finally met. The part of the left insulating layer 1 corresponding to the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a first combustion chamber air inlet 14, a second combustion chamber air inlet 15 and a third combustion chamber air inlet 16 from top to bottom, so that dispersed combustion is realized. The structure of the right side heat-insulating layer 2 is the same as that of the left side heat-insulating layer 1.
The furnace bottom 3 is provided with a floating bead brick layer, a heat insulation brick layer and a clay brick layer from bottom to top corresponding to the part of the combustion chamber 5; a clay brick layer, a heat insulation brick layer and a clay brick layer are arranged at the position of the furnace bottom 3 corresponding to the carbonization chamber 4 from bottom to top; the design of each brick layer thickness considers the furnace body heat dissipation factor, still needs to avoid the civil engineering basis overheated. A lower coke hole 7 is arranged at the furnace bottom 3 corresponding to the lower part of the coking chamber 4, and the lower coke hole 7 is positioned at two sides of an air guide wall 8 of the coking chamber to meet the requirement of smooth coke discharging; and waste gas outlets 17 are arranged corresponding to the furnace bottom 3 at the lower part of the combustion chamber 5, and each waste gas outlet 17 corresponds to one combustion chamber descending flue 11 to ensure that waste gas flows to the gas collecting flue.
The carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5 are both built by silica bricks. The coking chamber 4 adopts a flat-long rectangular structure, shortens the coking time and is beneficial to improving the coke productivity. The middle part of the carbonization chamber 4 is provided with the air guide wall 8, the influence of the expansion force of the carbonization chamber on the furnace wall is reduced, the height of the air guide wall 8 is smaller than that of the carbonization chamber 4, the lower part of the air guide wall 8 is provided with the air guide hole 21, the air guide hole is used for rapidly guiding out gas generated in the coal carbonization process, the excessive expansion of the furnace body is avoided, and meanwhile, the overlarge porosity of coke is avoided, and the strength after the coke reaction is influenced. The combustion chamber 5 is provided with combustion chamber partition walls 9, and the combustion chamber partition walls 9 comprise two types of arrangement, namely an A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19 and a B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20, which are arranged at intervals. The combustor partition wall 9 divides the combustor 5 into combustor descending flame paths 11 with the interval of 300-500 mm, the strength of a furnace body and the combustion are ensured to be sufficient, the dispersive combustion ports 18 are arranged on the combustor partition wall 9, and airflow flows in the combustor 5 in a snake shape due to the staggered arrangement of the dispersive combustion ports 18, so that the purpose of dispersive combustion is achieved.
The furnace top 6 is arranged above the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, and the furnace top 6 is provided with two 'horn-shaped' coal charging holes 13 to finish the top coal charging operation. The cross section of the straight pipe section of the coal charging hole 13 is circular, and the cross section of the reducing part of the bell mouth is trapezoidal. The furnace top 6 is built by silica bricks, clay bricks, heat insulation bricks, floating bead bricks and quarry bricks, the requirement of the limit load of the furnace wall is met, the thickness of each brick layer of the furnace top 6 meets the requirement of heat preservation, and the temperature of the furnace top 6 meets the requirement of actual production. The upper part of the furnace top 6 corresponding to the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a brace groove 22, and a brace is arranged to ensure the strength of the furnace body.
The use method of the dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. coal materials are loaded into the carbonization chamber 4 from a coal loading hole 13 at the top of the furnace, and the heat stored by a partition wall 10 between the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, the heat stored at the bottom 3 and the top 6 of the furnace and the heat transmitted by the adjacent combustion chamber 5 are utilized to heat and decompose the coal materials to generate raw coke oven gas; the positive pressure is adopted in the carbonization chamber 4, and the pressure at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 4 keeps the positive pressure of 5-10 Pa in the coking end stage, so that the gas can be ensured to flow to a combustion system, the external air can be prevented from entering the carbonization chamber 4, and the coking problem is solved from the source.
2. The raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber 4 escapes from bottom to top and diffuses to the space of the furnace top 6, and in the process, part of the raw gas at the middle lower part of the carbonization chamber 4 enters the gas guide hole 21, is discharged from the gas guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber and diffuses to the space of the furnace top, and the raw gas is guided out in time to avoid over expansion of the furnace body.
3. Raw gas in the space of the furnace top 6 enters a descending flue 11 of the combustion chamber from a flue 12 on a charcoal combustion partition wall 10; because the pressure at any point along the height of the carbonization chamber 4 is higher than that of the combustion chamber 5, the raw gas can only flow to the direction of the combustion chamber 5 through the flue 12 on the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, and simultaneously, the graphite sealing furnace wall is also facilitated.
4. In the process that the raw gas flows from top to bottom through the descending flue 11 of the combustion chamber, the raw gas and the air introduced into the combustion chamber 5 form a dispersed combustion state, the raw gas is firstly incompletely combusted with the air introduced into the first air inlet 14 of the combustion chamber, the air excess coefficient is 0.8, the combusted gas is then incompletely combusted with the air introduced into the second air inlet 15 of the combustion chamber, the air excess coefficient is 0.9, and finally the gas and the air introduced into the third air inlet 16 of the combustion chamber are fully combusted, and the air excess coefficient is 1.2; the negative pressure is adopted in the combustion chamber 5, the suction force of the combustion chamber descending flame path 11 positioned in the middle of the combustion chamber 5 is the largest, and the suction force of the combustion chamber descending flame path 11 positioned close to the left side heat insulation layer 1 and the right side heat insulation layer 2 is the smallest, so that an inverted V-shaped suction gradient is formed, the formation of the suction gradient is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of the waste gas outlet 17 corresponding to the lower part of each combustion chamber descending flame path 11, and the pressure adjusting system ensures that the gas in the combustion chamber 5 is uniformly distributed and is fully combusted.
5. High-temperature waste gas after being fully combusted in the combustion chamber 5 enters a gas collection flue through a waste gas outlet 17 to be supplied to a waste heat boiler to generate steam for supplying power, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after being subjected to dust and sulfur removal treatment; the matured coke is discharged from the lower coke hole 7 of the coking chamber.
The invention has the advantages that: the dispersive combustion type heat recovery coke oven adopts the design of 4 micro-positive pressures of the coking chamber, solves the coking problem from the source, reduces the occupied area because of the mode of coal feeding and coke discharging, shortens the coking time due to the structural design of the coking chamber 4, and improves the coke productivity. The structure of the air guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber ensures the strength of the furnace body and prevents the porosity of the coke from being too large, thereby ensuring the strength of the coke after reaction. The design of the structure of the combustion chamber 5 is more beneficial to the dispersed combustion of gas and the sufficient combustion while ensuring the strength of the furnace body, thereby ensuring the heating uniformity and ensuring the utilization rate of heat energy to the maximum extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the furnace body of the dispersion combustion type heat recovery coke oven provided by the present invention. Wherein, the left side heat preservation layer 1, the right side heat preservation layer 2, the carbonization chamber 4, the combustion chamber 5, the carbonization chamber air guide wall 8, the combustion chamber partition wall 9, the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, the combustion chamber descending flue 11, the flue 12.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the carbonization chamber A-A shown in FIG. 1. Wherein, the left side heat preservation layer 1, the right side heat preservation layer 2, the furnace bottom 3, the furnace top 6, the lower coke hole 7, the air guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber, the flue 12 and the coal charging hole 13.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the combustion chamber B-B shown in fig. 1. The furnace comprises a left side heat insulation layer 1, a right side heat insulation layer 2, a furnace bottom 3, a furnace top 6, a flue 12, a first combustion chamber air inlet 14, a second combustion chamber air inlet 15, a third combustion chamber air inlet 16, a waste gas outlet 17, an A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19, a B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20 and a brace groove 22.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a type A combustor partition. Wherein, the dispersion burning port 18 and the A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a type B combustor partition. Wherein, the dispersion burning port 18 and the B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the air guide wall of the carbonization chamber. Among them, the air guide hole 21.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A disperse combustion type heat recovery coke oven, the volume density of the firebricks used by the oven body is as follows: silica brick 1.9g/cm32.3g/cm of clay brick30.6g/cm of heat insulation brick3Floating bead brick is less than or equal to 1.0g/cm3The quarry tile is more than or equal to 2.2g/cm3。
A distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven comprises a left side heat-insulating layer 1, a right side heat-insulating layer 2, a furnace bottom 3, a carbonization chamber 4, a combustion chamber 5 and a furnace top 6; the left side heat preservation 1 and the right side heat preservation 2 set up respectively in the left and right sides of dispersion burning formula heat recovery coke oven furnace body, and left side and right side heat preservation reach the radiating purpose of reduction furnace body, and the heat preservation effect satisfies the actual production demand. The bottom 3 of the coke oven is arranged on the civil foundation of the heat recovery coke oven and is the foundation of the whole coke oven, and four lower coke holes 7 are arranged on the bottom 3 of the coke oven to meet the requirement of smooth coke discharge. The carbonization chambers 4 and the combustion chambers 5 are arranged alternately and are positioned on the furnace bottom 3, the carbonization chambers 3 are of flat long rectangular structures, and the middle parts of the carbonization chambers are provided with air guide walls 8 of the carbonization chambers; the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a combustion chamber partition wall 9 which plays the roles of dispersed combustion and furnace body strength improvement; a charcoal combustion partition wall 10 is arranged between the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, a flue 12 is arranged at the upper part of the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, raw gas enters a combustion chamber descending flue 11 through the flue 12, and the raw gas and air led into the combustion chamber form a dispersed combustion state in the process of flowing from top to bottom in the combustion chamber descending flue 11. The position of the flue 12 is lower than the bottom surface of the furnace top 6 and higher than the air guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber; the furnace top 6 is arranged above the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, and the furnace top 6 is provided with two 'trumpet-shaped' coal charging holes 13 so as to finish the top coal charging operation.
The left side heat preservation layer 1 from inside to outside comprises four layers of firebrick walls, the position of being close to the 4 furnace chambers of the coking chamber is two layers of clay brick walls, the thickness of the furnace walls is 230mm, the position of being far away from the 4 furnace chambers of the coking chamber is two layers of heat insulation brick walls, the thickness of the furnace walls is 170mm, the design consideration of the thickness of the firebrick walls reduces the heat dissipation factor of the furnace body, and the actual production requirement of the heat recovery coke oven is finally met. The left insulating layer 1 is provided with a first combustion chamber air inlet 14, a second combustion chamber air inlet 15 and a third combustion chamber air inlet 16 from top to bottom corresponding to the part of the combustion chamber 5, so that the gas in the combustion chamber 5 is combusted dispersedly. The masonry principle and the air inlet setting principle of the right side heat-insulating layer 2 are the same as those of the left side heat-insulating layer 1.
The furnace bottom 3 is provided with floating bead brick layers, heat insulation brick layers and clay brick layers from bottom to top corresponding to the combustion chamber 5, the lowest part is built by two layers of floating bead bricks, the thickness of the floating bead brick layers is 115mm, the middle part is built by three layers of heat insulation brick layers, the thickness of the floating bead brick layers is 115mm, the uppermost part is built by two layers of clay bricks, and the thickness of the floating bead brick layers is 115 mm; two clay brick layers, three heat insulation brick layers and two clay brick layers are arranged at the position of the furnace bottom 3 corresponding to the carbonization chamber 4 from bottom to top, and the thickness of each clay brick layer is 115 mm; the design of each brick layer thickness considers the furnace body heat dissipation factor, still needs to avoid the civil engineering basis overheated. The furnace bottom 3 corresponding to the lower part of the carbonization chamber 4 is provided with lower coke holes 7 which are positioned at two sides of an air guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber, and two lower coke holes 7 are respectively positioned at two sides, thereby meeting the requirement of smooth coke discharging. The furnace bottom 3 corresponding to the lower part of the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a waste gas outlet 17, and the position corresponding to the descending flue 11 of each combustion chamber is provided with a waste gas outlet 17, so that waste gas flows to the gas collection flue.
The carbonization chambers 4 and the combustion chambers 5 are arranged at intervals and are positioned on the furnace bottom 3, and the carbonization chambers 4 and the combustion chambers 5 are built by adopting silica bricks. The carbonization chamber 4 adopts a flat-long rectangular structure, the width of the carbonization chamber 4 is 2500mm, the length of the carbonization chamber 4 is 33500mm, and the height of the carbonization chamber 4 is 11000 mm. The middle part of the carbonization chamber 4 is provided with the air guide wall 8 to ensure the strength of the furnace body, the height of the air guide wall 8 is 10000mm, and the middle lower part of the air guide wall 8 is provided with the air guide hole 21 for rapidly guiding out gas generated in the coal carbonization process, so that the over-expansion of the furnace body is avoided, and meanwhile, the overlarge porosity of coke is avoided, and the strength after the coke reaction is influenced. The width of the combustion chamber 5 is 4500mm, the width of the combustion chamber descending flame path 11 is 350mm, the width of the combustion chamber partition wall 9 is 150mm, the combustion chamber partition walls 9 are uniformly arranged in the combustion chamber 5, the combustion chamber partition wall 9 divides the combustion chamber 5 into the combustion chamber descending flame paths 11 with the interval of 500mm, in this example, 12 partition walls are arranged to form 13 combustion chamber descending flame paths 11, and the purposes of dispersed combustion and furnace body strength improvement are achieved. The scattered combustion ports 18 are arranged on the combustion chamber partition wall 9, the combustion chamber partition wall 9 has two arrangement types, namely an A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19 and a B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20, three rows of combustion ports 18 are arranged in the height direction of the A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19, two combustion ports 18 are arranged in each row, the sizes of the six combustion ports 18 are 200mm multiplied by 380mm, four rows of combustion ports 18 are arranged in the height direction of the B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20 and are arranged in the staggered mode with the combustion ports 18 of the A-type combustion chamber partition wall 19, two combustion ports 18 are arranged in each row of the B-type combustion chamber partition wall 20, and the sizes of the eight combustion ports 18 are 200mm multiplied by 380 mm. In the present example, the two partition wall types are used for the 12 combustion chamber partition walls 9 at intervals, so that the airflow flows in a snake shape in the combustion chamber 5, and the raw gas and the air are ensured to be fully combusted. The charcoal combustion partition wall 10 is formed by masonry of silica bricks in staggered joints, and the carbonization chamber air guide wall 8 and the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, and the combustion chamber partition wall 9 and the charcoal combustion partition wall 10 are all constructed in an occluded manner, so that the strength requirement of the furnace body is met.
The furnace top 6 is arranged above the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, and the furnace top 6 is provided with two 'horn-shaped' coal charging holes 13 to finish the top coal charging operation. The cross section of the straight pipe section of the coal charging hole 13 is round with the diameter of 450mm, the section of the reducing part of the bell mouth is trapezoidal, and the cross section of the lowest end is 450mm multiplied by 1000 mm. The coal charging hole 13 is built by clay bricks, the other parts are built by silica bricks, floating bead bricks, heat insulation bricks and clay bricks, and the top of the furnace roof 6 is built by brick jars. The furnace top 6 meets the requirement of the limit load of the furnace wall, the thickness of each brick layer meets the requirement of heat preservation, and the temperature of the furnace top 6 meets the requirement of actual production. The upper part of the furnace top 6 corresponding to the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a brace groove 22, and a brace is arranged to ensure the strength of the furnace body.
The use method of the dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven comprises the following specific steps and parameters:
1. coal materials are loaded into the carbonization chamber 4 from a coal loading hole 13 at the top of the furnace, and the heat stored by a partition wall 10 between the carbonization chamber 4 and the combustion chamber 5, the heat stored at the bottom 3 and the top 6 of the furnace and the heat transmitted by the adjacent combustion chamber 5 are utilized to heat and decompose the coal materials to generate raw coke oven gas; the positive pressure is arranged in the carbonization chamber 4, and the pressure at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 4 keeps positive pressure (5-10 Pa) at the end of coking, so that the gas can be ensured to flow to a combustion system, the external air can be prevented from entering the carbonization chamber 4, and the coking problem is solved from the source.
2. The raw gas generated in the carbonization chamber 4 escapes from bottom to top and diffuses to the space of the furnace top 6, and in the process, part of the raw gas at the middle lower part of the carbonization chamber 4 enters the gas guide hole 21, is discharged from the gas guide wall 8 of the carbonization chamber and diffuses to the space of the furnace top, and the raw gas is guided out in time to avoid over expansion of the furnace body.
3. Raw gas in the furnace top space enters a combustion chamber descending flue 11 from a flue 12 on a charcoal combustion partition wall 10; because the pressure at any point along the height of the carbonization chamber 4 is higher than the pressure of the combustion chamber 5, the raw gas can only flow to the combustion chamber 5 through the flue 12 on the charcoal combustion partition wall 10, and is also beneficial to sealing the furnace wall by graphite.
4. In the process that the raw gas flows from top to bottom through the descending flue 11 of the combustion chamber, the raw gas and the air introduced into the combustion chamber 5 form a dispersed combustion state, specifically, the raw gas and the air introduced into the first air inlet 14 of the combustion chamber are firstly subjected to incomplete combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.8, the combusted gas and the air introduced into the second air inlet 15 of the combustion chamber are subsequently subjected to incomplete combustion, the air excess coefficient is 0.9, and finally the gas and the air introduced into the third air inlet 16 of the combustion chamber are fully combusted, and the air excess coefficient is 1.2; the negative pressure is adopted in the combustion chamber 5, the suction force of the combustion chamber descending flame path 11 positioned in the middle of the combustion chamber 5 is the largest, and the suction forces of the combustion chamber descending flame path 11 respectively close to the left side heat-insulating layer 1 and the right side heat-insulating layer 2 are the smallest, so that an inverted V-shaped suction gradient is formed, the formation of the suction gradient is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of the waste gas outlet 17 corresponding to the lower part of each combustion chamber descending flame path 11, and the pressure adjusting system ensures that the gas in the combustion chamber 5 is uniformly distributed and is fully combusted.
5. High-temperature waste gas after being fully combusted in the combustion chamber 5 enters a gas collection flue through a waste gas outlet 17 to be supplied to a waste heat boiler to generate steam for supplying power, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after being subjected to dust and sulfur removal treatment; the matured coke is discharged from the lower coke hole 7 of the coking chamber.
Claims (6)
1. A dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven is characterized by comprising a left side heat-insulating layer (1), a right side heat-insulating layer (2), a furnace bottom (3), a carbonization chamber (4), a combustion chamber (5) and a furnace top (6); the left side heat-insulating layer (1) and the right side heat-insulating layer (2) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the furnace body of the dispersed combustion type heat recovery coke oven, so that the aim of reducing the heat radiation of the furnace body is fulfilled; the bottom (3) of the furnace is arranged on the civil foundation of the heat recovery coke oven and is the foundation of the whole coke oven, and four lower coke holes (7) are arranged on the bottom (3) of the furnace; the carbonization chambers (4) and the combustion chambers (5) are arranged alternately and positioned on the furnace bottom (3), the carbonization chambers (4) are of flat and long rectangular structures, and the middle parts of the carbonization chambers are provided with carbonization chamber air guide walls (8); a combustion chamber partition wall (9) is arranged in the combustion chamber (5) to achieve the purposes of dispersed combustion and furnace body strength improvement; a charcoal combustion partition wall (10) is arranged between the carbonization chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (5), a flue (12) is arranged at the upper part of the charcoal combustion partition wall (10), raw gas enters the combustion chamber descending flue (11) through the flue (12), and the raw gas and air led into the combustion chamber form a dispersed combustion state in the process of flowing from top to bottom in the combustion chamber descending flue (11); the position of the flue (12) is lower than the bottom surface of the furnace top (6) and higher than the air guide wall (8) of the carbonization chamber; the furnace top (6) is arranged above the carbonization chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (5), and the furnace top (6) is provided with two coal charging holes (13) to finish the top coal charging operation.
2. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the left insulating layer (1) is built by refractory bricks, the oven cavity near the carbonization chamber (4) is built by clay bricks, and the oven cavity far from the carbonization chamber (4) is built by heat insulation bricks; the part of the left insulating layer (1) corresponding to the combustion chamber (5) is provided with a first combustion chamber air inlet (14), a second combustion chamber air inlet (15) and a third combustion chamber air inlet (16) from top to bottom, so that dispersed combustion is realized; the structure of the right side heat-insulating layer (2) is the same as that of the left side heat-insulating layer (1).
3. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the hearth (3) is provided with a floating bead brick layer, a heat insulation brick layer and a clay brick layer from bottom to top at the position corresponding to the combustion chamber (5); a clay brick layer, a heat insulation brick layer and a clay brick layer are arranged at the position of the furnace bottom (3) corresponding to the carbonization chamber (4) from bottom to top; a lower coke hole (7) is arranged at the furnace bottom (3) corresponding to the lower part of the carbonization chamber (4), and the lower coke hole (7) is positioned at two sides of the air guide wall (8) of the carbonization chamber to meet the requirement of smooth coke discharging; and a waste gas outlet (17) is arranged at the furnace bottom (3) corresponding to the lower part of the combustion chamber (5), and each waste gas outlet (17) corresponds to one combustion chamber descending flue (11) to ensure that waste gas flows to the gas collection flue.
4. The coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the coking chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (5) are bricked with silica bricks; the coking chamber (4) adopts a flat long rectangular structure, so that the coking time is shortened; the middle part of the carbonization chamber (4) is provided with an air guide wall (8) to slow down the influence of the expansion force of the carbonization chamber on the furnace wall, the height of the air guide wall (8) is less than that of the carbonization chamber (4), and the middle lower part of the air guide wall (8) is provided with an air guide hole (21) to avoid the over-expansion of the furnace body and the over-large porosity of coke; a combustion chamber partition wall (9) is arranged in the combustion chamber (5), the combustion chamber partition wall (9) comprises two arrangement types, namely an A-type combustion chamber partition wall (19) and a B-type combustion chamber partition wall (20), and the two arrangement types are arranged at intervals; the combustor partition wall (9) divides the combustor (5) into combustor descending flame paths (11) with the interval of 300-500 mm, furnace body strength and sufficient combustion are guaranteed, the combustor partition wall (9) is provided with the dispersive combustion ports (18), and the dispersive combustion ports (18) are arranged in a staggered mode to enable airflow to flow in a snake shape in the combustor (5), so that the purpose of dispersive combustion is achieved.
5. Coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that the roof (6) is arranged above the carbonization chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (5), the roof (6) being provided with two "trumpet" charging holes (13) to complete the top charging operation; the cross section of the straight pipe section of the coal charging hole (13) is circular, and the cross section of the reducing part of the bell mouth is trapezoidal; the furnace top (6) is built by silica bricks, clay bricks, heat insulation bricks, floating bead bricks and quarry bricks, the requirement of the furnace wall on the limit load is met, a brace groove (22) is arranged at the upper part of the furnace top (6) corresponding to the combustion chamber (5), and braces are installed to ensure the strength of the furnace body.
6. The coke oven of claim 1, wherein the coke oven is used in the following steps and parameters:
1) the coal material is loaded into the carbonization chamber (4) from the coal loading hole (13) at the top of the furnace, the partition wall (10) between the carbonization chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (5) is used for storing heat, and the heat stored at the bottom of the furnace (3) and the top of the furnace (6) and the heat transmitted by the adjacent combustion chamber (5) are used for heating and decomposing the coal material to generate raw coke oven gas; the pressure in the carbonization chamber (4) is positive, the pressure at the bottom of the carbonization chamber (4) keeps positive pressure of 5-10 Pa at the end of coking, gas is ensured to flow to a combustion system, and outside air is prevented from entering the carbonization chamber (4);
2) crude gas generated in the carbonization chamber (4) escapes from bottom to top and is diffused to the space of the furnace top (6), part of the crude gas at the middle lower part of the carbonization chamber (4) enters the gas guide hole (21) in the process, then is discharged from the gas guide wall (8) of the carbonization chamber and is diffused to the space of the furnace top, and the crude gas is guided out in time, so that the over expansion of the furnace body is avoided;
3) raw gas in the space of the furnace top (6) enters a descending flue (11) of the combustion chamber from a flue (12) on the charcoal combustion partition wall (10); because the pressure at any point along the height of the carbonization chamber (4) is higher than the pressure of the combustion chamber (5), the raw coke oven gas can only flow to the combustion chamber (5) through the flue (12) on the charcoal combustion partition wall (10), and is beneficial to sealing the furnace wall by graphite;
4) in the process that the raw gas flows from top to bottom through the descending flame path (11) of the combustion chamber, the raw gas and air introduced into the combustion chamber (5) form a dispersed combustion state, the raw gas is firstly incompletely combusted with the air introduced into the first air inlet (14) of the combustion chamber, the air excess coefficient is 0.8, the combusted gas is then incompletely combusted with the air introduced into the second air inlet (15) of the combustion chamber, the air excess coefficient is 0.9, and finally the gas and the air introduced into the third air inlet (16) of the combustion chamber are fully combusted, and the air excess coefficient is 1.2; the negative pressure is adopted in the combustion chamber (5), the suction force of the combustion chamber descending flame path (11) positioned in the middle of the combustion chamber (5) is the largest, the suction force of the combustion chamber descending flame path (11) positioned close to the left side heat insulation layer (1) and the right side heat insulation layer (2) is the smallest, so that an inverted V-shaped suction gradient is formed, the formation of the suction gradient is realized by adjusting the valve opening degree of a waste gas outlet (17) corresponding to the lower part of each combustion chamber descending flame path (11), and the pressure adjusting system ensures that the gas in the combustion chamber (5) is uniformly distributed and fully combusted;
5) high-temperature waste gas after being fully combusted in the combustion chamber (5) enters a gas collection flue through a waste gas outlet (17) to be supplied to a waste heat boiler to generate steam for power supply, and then is discharged into the atmosphere after dust and sulfur removal treatment; the mature coke is discharged from a lower coke hole (7) of the coking chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911260120.4A CN110922997A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911260120.4A CN110922997A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110922997A true CN110922997A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911260120.4A Pending CN110922997A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Distributed combustion type heat recovery coke oven |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110922997A (en) |
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