CN110920883A

CN110920883A - Three-stage speed-reducing water-landing seaplane

Info

Publication number: CN110920883A
Application number: CN201911235543.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张华�; 曾友兵; 龙飞; 刘婷婷; 罗奔; 张平
Original assignee: China Special Vehicle Research Institute
Current assignee: China Special Vehicle Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-05
Publication date: 2020-03-27

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircrafts, and provides a three-level deceleration hydrofoil which comprises a fuselage 1 capable of gliding on water, wings arranged on the fuselage, a power device arranged on the wings, and a water pry 9 telescopically arranged below the fuselage. Compared with the conventional seaplane, the water load is greatly reduced when the seaplane lands on water.

Description

Three-stage speed-reducing water-landing seaplane

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aircrafts, and relates to a seaplane capable of achieving three-level speed reduction and low-speed water inflow.

Background

The water load reduction design technology is a key technology in the development process of the seaplane, and can effectively restrain overlarge hydrodynamic load when the seaplane lands by reducing the water surface landing speed of the seaplane, improve the safety and reliability of the seaplane and promote the service life of the seaplane. Meanwhile, the water load in the taking-off and landing process of the seaplane is reduced, the structural weight of the seaplane can be effectively reduced, and the transportation capacity of the seaplane is improved.

At present, the landing speed of a seaplane/amphibious aircraft on water is large in China, for example, the landing speed of a skyrockey 600 is about 180km/h, and the landing speed of a gull 300 is about 140 km/h.

China starts late on the research of the problem of the water landing buffering of the seaplane/amphibious aircraft, the technical foundation is weak, and some research achievements worthy of being determined are obtained from the end of the last century to the present. In the aspect of structural energy absorption and buffering research, with the successful establishment of large airplanes and large-sized transporters in recent years, a plurality of colleges and universities and research institutions in China continuously develop relevant crashworthiness research works. Some researchers have proposed to arrange a corrugated beam at the bottom of the fuselage to improve the crashworthiness of the structure. Some researchers have also proposed a design in which a foam structure is disposed at the lower portion of the reinforcing frame of the fuselage to improve the crashworthiness of the fuselage. In the aspect of optimizing the structural form, the Chinese special aircraft selects a plurality of typical active-service amphibious aircraft cross-section forms in the world, tests and numerical simulation researches are carried out on the water load, and the researches show that different hull parameters have obvious influence on the water load and provide references for the optimal design of the hull structure. Some scholars numerically simulate the appearance design and hydrodynamic characteristics of the WIG craft water sleds, and research the influence of the WIG craft strut type water sleds hydrodynamic performance and the water sleds on the lifting performance of the WIG craft.

The application of the water skis/hydrofoils to the seaplane/amphibious aircraft has no example in China, the application research of the water skis/hydrofoils to the seaplane/amphibious aircraft still stays in basic theoretical research at present, some numerical analysis and experimental research are carried out on the performances of the water skis/hydrofoils, and related practical application is not available. Although hydrofoils are used in the marine field in a relatively mature manner, they are of only partial reference value for surface craft because of their large differences in performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a three-stage deceleration hydrofoil, which solves the problems that the existing hydrofoil/amphibious aircraft has higher water load in the process of hydrofoil landing, so that the structural strength design requirement of the aircraft body is higher, and the requirement on the task load adaptability is higher.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a three-level speed reduction hydrofoil, the hydrofoil is in including fuselage 1, the setting that can slide on water wing on the fuselage and the power device who sets up on the wing, the hydrofoil still including scalable set up in the water sled 9 of fuselage below.

Further, the section of the water skid 9 in the axial direction is similar to the hull; when the water pry 9 is contracted below the machine body, the water pry 9 is attached to the bottom of the machine body.

Further, the lower half part of the fuselage 1 is a double-hull structure.

Further, the cross section of the double-hull structure along the transverse direction of the fuselage is a straight line inclined-rising cross section with a bilge bend.

Further, the section of the fuselage 1 along the longitudinal direction is an airfoil shape; the cross section of the lower half part of the machine body 1 along the transverse direction is circular or elliptical.

Further, a cabin-through structure is adopted in the fuselage 1 and is used for arranging and storing task loads; cabin doors are arranged at the rear part and the top part of the machine body 1, so that loading and releasing of task loads are facilitated.

Further, the power device comprises a turbofan engine and a turbojet engine.

Furthermore, the wing comprises a tail wing 5 arranged at the tail part of the fuselage, a main wing 4 arranged in the middle of the fuselage, an outer wing 6 arranged at one end of the main wing 4, an aileron 7 arranged in the middle of the main wing 4 and a flap 8; the power device is arranged on the main wing 4.

The invention has the technical effects that: compared with the conventional seaplane, the three-stage deceleration hydrofoil provided by the invention has the advantage that the water load is greatly reduced during hydrofoil landing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a water sled stowed state of the three-stage deceleration hydrofoil of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the embodiment in a state that the water pry of the three-stage deceleration hydrofoil is put down;

figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fuselage of the three-stage deceleration hydrofoil of this embodiment.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Figure 1 tertiary speed reduction hydrofoil water plane water sled of this embodiment is packed up the state schematic diagram, figure 2 tertiary speed reduction hydrofoil water sled of this embodiment puts down the state schematic diagram, combines shown in figure 1 and figure 2, and this embodiment provides a tertiary speed reduction hydrofoil water plane, the hydrofoil is in including fuselage 1, the setting that can coast on the water wing on the fuselage and the power device who sets up on the wing, the hydrofoil still including scalable set up in water sled 9 of fuselage below. The cross section of the water pry 9 along the axial direction is similar to a ship body; when the water pry 9 is contracted below the machine body, the water pry 9 is attached to the bottom of the machine body.

The bottom of the aircraft hull is provided with the water sledge which is used for reducing the collision between the hull and the wave surface through the sinking of the water sledge when landing on water, thereby reducing the water load of the aircraft.

Further, the lower half part of the fuselage 1 is a double-hull structure. Specifically, in this embodiment, the seaplane of this embodiment adopts a double hull, high aspect ratio upper single wing layout. In order to improve the aerodynamic performance of the airplane and reduce the water landing speed, the upper half part of the double-hull airplane body adopts a streamline design.

In the embodiment, the distance between the two ship bodies of the double-hull structure is larger, so that the requirement of using stability on the water surface can be met, and the buoys do not need to be arranged on the two sides of the wings like a single-hull seaplane.

Further, fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fuselage of the three-stage deceleration hydrofoil seaplane of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the cross section of the double-hull structure along the transverse direction of the fuselage is a straight-line inclined-lift type cross section with a bilge bend. The section of the fuselage 1 along the longitudinal direction is an airfoil shape; the cross section of the upper half part of the machine body 1 along the transverse direction is circular or elliptical.

Further, in the embodiment, the inside of the fuselage 1 adopts a through cabin structure for arranging and storing task loads; cabin doors are arranged at the rear part and the top part of the machine body 1, so that loading and releasing of task loads are facilitated.

Further, the power device comprises a turbofan engine and a turbojet engine. In the embodiment, the seaplane is considered to have large resistance, and four high-thrust turbofan engines are selected and installed on the wings in order to improve the maneuverability of the seaplane.

In addition, the seaplane is also provided with a fuel oil subsystem, a flight control subsystem, an avionics subsystem, an electrical subsystem and the like.

The actual deceleration pattern of this embodiment is:

1) first-stage speed reduction: the airplane is mainly used for increasing the attack angle and lowering the flap to decelerate. In the process, the horizontal speed of the airplane is reduced to 150 km/h;

2) secondary speed reduction: the speed is reduced mainly by sliding the water pry in the water. In the process, the horizontal speed of the airplane is reduced to 90 km/h;

3) three-stage speed reduction: the aircraft taxiing decelerates until the speed decreases to 0.

After the first-stage deceleration, the horizontal speed of the airplane is reduced to 150km/h, the vertical overload of the airplane is 3g, and the longitudinal overload of the airplane is 0.55 g; after the secondary speed reduction, the horizontal speed of the airplane is reduced to 90km/h, the vertical overload of the airplane is reduced to 1.5g, and the longitudinal overload of the airplane is reduced to 0.2 g.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a three-level speed reduction hydrofoil, the hydrofoil is in including fuselage (1) that can plane on water, setting wing on the fuselage and the power device who sets up on the wing, its characterized in that, the hydrofoil still including scalable set up in water sled (9) of fuselage below.

2. Three-stage decelerated hydroplane according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the skid (9) in the axial direction is similar to a hull; when the water pry (9) is retracted below the machine body, the water pry (9) is attached to the bottom of the machine body.

3. A three-stage deceleration hydrofoil according to claim 1 characterized in that the lower half of the fuselage (1) is a double hull structure.

4. The three-stage decelerated hydroplane according to claim 3, wherein said double hull structure has a cross-section in the transverse direction of the fuselage of a straight ramp-up cross-section with a bilge bend.

5. Three-stage decelerated hydroplane according to claim 3, characterized in that said fuselage (1) is airfoil-shaped in section along a longitudinal direction; the cross section of the upper half part of the machine body (1) along the transverse direction is circular or elliptical.

6. Three-stage decelerated approach water craft according to claim 1, characterized in that said fuselage (1) internally adopts a through-cabin structure for the arrangement and storage of mission loads; cabin doors are arranged at the rear part and the top part of the machine body (1), so that loading and releasing of task loads are facilitated.

7. The three-stage retarded hydroplane according to claim 1, wherein said power plant comprises a turbofan engine and a turbojet engine.

8. The three-level deceleration hydrofoil according to claim 7, characterized in that the wings comprise a tail wing (5) arranged at the tail of the fuselage, a main wing (4) arranged at the middle of the fuselage and an outer wing (6) arranged at one end of the main wing (4), an aileron (7) and a flap (8) arranged at the middle of the main wing (4); the power device is arranged on the main wing (4).