CN110919142B - Pulse welding method, pulse welding system and welding machine - Google Patents

Pulse welding method, pulse welding system and welding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110919142B
CN110919142B CN201911312494.6A CN201911312494A CN110919142B CN 110919142 B CN110919142 B CN 110919142B CN 201911312494 A CN201911312494 A CN 201911312494A CN 110919142 B CN110919142 B CN 110919142B
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pulse
voltage
abnormal voltage
welding method
abnormal
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CN110919142A (en
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孙永涛
王伟
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Panasonic Welding Systems Tangshan Co Ltd
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Panasonic Welding Systems Tangshan Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/09Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage
    • B23K9/091Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits
    • B23K9/092Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage characterised by the circuits characterised by the shape of the pulses produced
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32Accessories

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a pulse welding method, a pulse welding system and a welding machine, wherein the pulse welding method comprises: presetting a judgment voltage; acquiring the abnormal voltage of the current pulse and the duration of the abnormal voltage; judging whether the abnormal voltage is larger than the judgment voltage or not; and if so, compensating the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse according to the difference value between the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage. According to the pulse welding method, when abnormal voltage exceeding judgment voltage occurs, the size of the abnormal voltage and the variation of duration are used for compensating the next pulse, so that molten drop falling is promoted, the transition consistency of one pulse and one drop is ensured, the transition of multiple pulses and one drop is reduced, the transition of large drops is reduced, and splashing caused by large short circuit is avoided.

Description

Pulse welding method, pulse welding system and welding machine
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a pulse welding method, a pulse welding system and a welding machine.
Background
With the continuous improvement of scientific technology, the requirements of people on welding quality are also continuously improved. In the prior art, most carbon steel workpieces are welded in a short-circuit welding mode by using carbon dioxide as shielding gas, so that the welding spatter is large and the forming is poor although the cost is low. With the development of welding technology, pulse welding appears, and has the characteristics of large welding heat input, small welding spatter and attractive weld forming, and most production enterprises gradually switch the welding process into pulse welding in order to pursue higher product added value.
However, in the welding process of the pulse arc welding, the welding spatter is often large, and large particles of spatter adhere to the surface of the weld and the nearby base metal region, which results in poor weld formation, poor appearance, and even after-welding cleaning, polishing, labor and time consumption, which increases the welding cost.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present disclosure is to provide a pulse welding method, a pulse welding system, and a welding machine, which can reduce a large droplet transient by solving an influence of an abnormal voltage generated after a short circuit on a following pulse, particularly, an influence on a droplet transient.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a pulse welding method including:
presetting a judgment voltage;
acquiring the abnormal voltage of the current pulse and the duration of the abnormal voltage;
judging whether the abnormal voltage is larger than the judgment voltage or not;
and if so, compensating the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse according to the difference value between the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the pulse welding method further includes:
and if the abnormal voltage is less than or equal to the judgment voltage, not compensating.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the determination voltage is less than a peak voltage of the standard pulse and greater than a base voltage of the standard pulse.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the determination voltage is:
Va=Vb+k
wherein, VaTo determine the voltage, VbThe standard pulse is the base value voltage of the standard pulse, the value range of k is 1-5, and the unit of k is volt.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, compensating for the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse comprises:
the peak current of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
IPA′=IPA×{1+K1×t1+K2×(Ve-Va)}
wherein IPA' is the peak current of the compensated pulse, IPA is the peak current of the standard pulse, t1Duration of abnormal voltage, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K1Is a first compensation coefficient, K2Is the second compensation factor.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, K1The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, K2The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, compensating for the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse comprises:
the peak time of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
T2′=T2×{1+K3×t1+K4×(Ve-Va)}
wherein, T2' Peak time of compensated pulse, T2Is the peak time, t, of the standard pulse1Duration of abnormal voltage, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K3Is a third compensation coefficient, K4Is a fourth compensation factor.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, K3The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, K4The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a pulse welding system, including: storage circuitry, processing circuitry and executable instructions stored in the storage circuitry and executable in the processing circuitry, the processing circuitry upon executing the executable instructions implements a pulse welding method as described above.
According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a welder including the pulse welding system described above.
According to the pulse welding method, the judgment voltage value of the abnormal voltage is introduced, if the abnormal voltage is higher than the judgment voltage value, the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse are compensated according to the difference value of the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage, so that the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse are increased, molten drop falling is promoted, the occurrence of multi-pulse one-drop transition is reduced, the condition of large-drop transition is reduced, the generation of splashing caused by large short circuit is avoided, and the molten drop transition process and the welding effect with better consistency are ensured.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pulse welding method provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a pulse welding method provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a graph of voltage versus time for a pulse waveform provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a graph of the current of a pulse waveform over time according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the subject matter of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, apparatus, steps, etc. In other instances, well-known technical solutions have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.
Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the figures are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically separate entities. These functional entities may be implemented in the form of software, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
The terms "a," "an," "the," and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The applicant observes and finds that the splash of pulse welding is mainly caused by short circuit opening, once a short circuit occurs, abnormal voltage is inevitably generated after each short circuit, the abnormal voltage acts between a droplet and a molten pool, when the abnormal voltage is large, an electric arc is generated in a similar way in an instant, the electric arc inevitably generates electric arc force, the electric arc force acts between the droplet and the molten pool, repulsive force is generated in transition of the droplet, drop of the droplet is influenced, if the droplet after the abnormal voltage does not drop due to electric arc reaction force, the droplet can be continued to a next pulse or drop of the next pulse, at the moment, the droplet in the molten state generated by energy of two pulses is inevitably large, the probability of short circuit occurrence is increased, and the large short circuit can cause larger splash.
Because the occurrence of short circuit can not be completely avoided in the welding process, and abnormal voltage, high or low, duration or long or short time can be generated after short circuit every time, the key for solving the problem is how to reduce the malignant influence caused after the short circuit occurs.
The present embodiment first discloses a pulse welding method, as shown in fig. 1, the pulse welding method including:
step S100, presetting a judgment voltage;
step S200, acquiring the abnormal voltage of the current pulse and the duration of the abnormal voltage;
step S300, judging whether the abnormal voltage is larger than the judgment voltage;
and step S400, if so, compensating the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse according to the difference value between the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage.
According to the pulse welding method, the judgment voltage value of the abnormal voltage is introduced, if the abnormal voltage is higher than the judgment voltage value, the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse are compensated according to the difference value of the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage, so that the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse are increased, molten drop falling is promoted, the occurrence of multi-pulse one-drop transition is reduced, the condition of large-drop transition is reduced, the generation of splashing caused by large short circuit is avoided, and the molten drop transition process and the welding effect with better consistency are ensured.
In addition, the pulse welding method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the phenomenon that welding spatters greatly is avoided, so that large particles are prevented from spattering and adhering to the surface of a welding seam and a nearby base metal region, the welding seam is poor in forming and not attractive, even after-welding cleaning is required, the polishing problem is solved, labor and time are avoided, the welding cost is reduced, in addition, in the welding process, welding operators can be prevented from being burnt by spattering particles, and the safety of the operators is improved.
Next, each step of the pulse welding method in the present exemplary embodiment will be further described.
In step S100, a determination voltage is preset.
Specifically, a determination voltage of an abnormal voltage is introduced according to actual welding development experience. As shown in fig. 3, the determination voltage is smaller than the peak voltage of the standard pulse and larger than the base voltage of the standard pulse. The determination voltage may be:
Va=Vb+k
wherein, VaTo determine the voltage, VbThe standard pulse is the base value voltage of the standard pulse, the value range of k is 1-5, and the unit of k is volt.
For example, when the base voltage VbA voltage V of 10 upsilonaExamples thereof include 11 v, 13 v, and 15 v, which are not specifically exemplified herein. Of course, the determination voltage VaMay also be greater than Vb+5 upsilon, or less than Vb+1 υ, which the present disclosure does not limit.
In step S200, the abnormal voltage of the current pulse and the duration of the abnormal voltage are acquired.
Specifically, the control system of the welding machine can detect the magnitude of pulse voltage in real time, and when the pulse has abnormal voltage VeTimely feedback to the control system can be realized, and as shown in FIG. 3, the control system records the abnormal voltage VeIs of a magnitude and duration t1I.e. the magnitude and time of the voltage during the time period shown in the third region.
In step S300, it is determined whether the abnormal voltage is greater than the determination voltage.
Specifically, when the abnormal voltage V is acquiredeWhen the abnormal voltage V is appliedeAnd a determination voltage VaComparing and judging the abnormal voltage VeWhether or not it is larger than the determination voltage Va. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the time period shown in the first region, a short circuit occurs, the pulse voltage decreases, and the pulse current increases; in the time period shown in the second area, the dotted line simulates that abnormal voltage occurs, but the abnormal voltage is differentThe constant voltage is less than the decision voltage Va. And in the time period shown in the third area, abnormal voltage is generated, and the abnormal voltage is greater than the judgment voltage.
In step S400, if yes, the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse are compensated according to the difference between the abnormal voltage and the determination voltage and the duration of the abnormal voltage.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the time period shown in the third region, the abnormal voltage Ve is greater than the determination voltage VaThe peak current and peak time of the next pulse need to be compensated. Wherein, according to the abnormal voltage VeAnd a determination voltage VaDifference value of (1) and abnormal voltage VeDuration t of1The peak current and peak time of the next pulse are compensated. As shown in fig. 4, the solid line represents the time variation of the peak current of the standard period, and the dotted line represents the time variation of the compensated peak current.
Wherein the peak current of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
IPA′=IPA×{1+K1×t1+K2×(Ve-Va)}
wherein IPA' is the peak current of the compensated pulse, IPA is the peak current of the standard pulse, t1The duration of the abnormal voltage is ms, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K1Is a first compensation coefficient, K2Is the second compensation factor.
According to the above formula, the abnormal voltage V can be obtainedeAnd a determination voltage VaDifference value of (1) and abnormal voltage VeDuration t of1The peak current IPA' for the next pulse is calculated. Wherein, K1And K2Are all positive values, K1The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, such as 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, etc., not listed herein; k2The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, etc., not listed herein; of course, K1Or more than 0.5 or less than 0.01, K2Can also be largeAt 0.05 or less than 0.01, which is not limited by the present disclosure. Wherein, K1And K2Can make {1+ K +1×t1+K2×(Ve-Va) The size of the device is 1-1.5. Of course, K1And K2Can also be made {1+ K +1×t1+K2×(Ve-Va) The size of the (R) is larger than 1.5.
Wherein the peak time of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
T2′=T2×{1+K3×t1+K4×(Ve-Va)}
wherein, T2' Peak time of compensated pulse, T2Is the peak time, t, of the standard pulse1Duration of abnormal voltage, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K3Is a third compensation coefficient, K4Is a fourth compensation factor.
According to the above formula, the abnormal voltage V can be obtainedeAnd a determination voltage VaDifference value of (1) and abnormal voltage VeDuration t of1Calculating the peak time T of the next pulse2'. Wherein, K3And K4Are all positive values, K3The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, such as 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, etc., not listed herein; k4The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, etc., not listed herein; of course, K3Or more than 0.5 or less than 0.01, K4And may be greater than 0.05 or less than 0.01, as the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Wherein, K3And K4Can make {1+ K +3×t1+K4×(Ve-Va) The size of the device is 1-1.5. Of course, K3And K4Can also be made {1+ K +3×t1+K4×(Ve-Va) The size of the (R) is larger than 1.5.
As shown in fig. 2, the pulse welding method provided by the present disclosure further includes:
and step S500, if the abnormal voltage is less than or equal to the judgment voltage, not compensating.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in the time period shown in the second region, the abnormal voltage VeLess than the decision voltage VaDescription of the abnormal Voltage VeThe effect on the next pulse is small, and the effect of the action is not considered to influence the transition of the next droplet. Because the tiny abnormal voltage can not influence the subsequent drop shedding and the electric arc, if the electric arc is adjusted deliberately, the electric arc is unstable, so the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse do not need to be compensated, and the reliability of the pulse welding method is ensured.
It should be noted that although the various steps of the methods of the present disclosure are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these steps must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the depicted steps must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions, etc.
The present disclosure also provides a pulse welding system, comprising: the pulse welding system comprises a storage circuit, a processing circuit and executable instructions stored in the storage circuit and operable in the processing circuit, wherein the processing circuit executes the executable instructions to implement the pulse welding method.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the exemplary embodiments described herein may be implemented by software in combination with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solution according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be a CD-ROM, a usb disk, a removable hard disk, etc.) or on a network, and includes several instructions to enable a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
The present disclosure also provides a welder comprising the pulse welding system described above. For example, the welder may be a robotic welder.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.

Claims (9)

1. A pulse welding method, comprising:
presetting a judgment voltage;
acquiring the abnormal voltage of the current pulse and the duration of the abnormal voltage;
judging whether the abnormal voltage is larger than the judgment voltage or not;
if so, compensating the peak current and the peak time of the next pulse according to the difference value between the abnormal voltage and the judgment voltage and the duration time of the abnormal voltage so as to promote drop falling;
wherein the determination voltage is:
Va=Vb+k
wherein, VaTo determine the voltage, VbThe standard pulse is the base value voltage of the standard pulse, the value range of k is 1-5, and the unit of k is volt.
2. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 1, further comprising:
and if the abnormal voltage is less than or equal to the judgment voltage, not compensating.
3. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 1, wherein said determination voltage is smaller than a peak voltage of the standard pulse and larger than a base voltage of the standard pulse.
4. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 1, wherein compensating for peak current and peak time of a next pulse comprises:
the peak current of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
IPA′=IPA×{1+K1×t1+K2×(Ve-Va)}
wherein IPA' is the peak current of the compensated pulse, IPA is the peak current of the standard pulse, t1Duration of abnormal voltage, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K1Is a first compensation coefficient, K2Is the second compensation factor.
5. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 4, wherein K is1The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, K2The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05.
6. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 1, wherein compensating for peak current and peak time of a next pulse comprises:
the peak time of the next pulse is compensated according to the following formula:
T2′=T2×{1+K3×t1+K4×(Ve-Va)}
wherein, T2' Peak time of compensated pulse, T2Is the peak time, t, of the standard pulse1Duration of abnormal voltage, VeIs an abnormal voltage, VaTo determine the voltage, K3Is a third compensation coefficient, K4Is a fourth compensation factor.
7. A pulse welding method as defined in claim 6, wherein K is3The size of (A) is 0.01-0.5, K4The size of (A) is 0.01-0.05.
8. A pulse welding system, comprising: storage circuitry, processing circuitry and executable instructions stored in the storage circuitry and operable in the processing circuitry, the executable instructions when executed by the processing circuitry effecting the pulse welding method of any of claims 1 to 7.
9. A welder, characterized in that it comprises a pulse welding system according to claim 8.
CN201911312494.6A 2019-12-18 2019-12-18 Pulse welding method, pulse welding system and welding machine Active CN110919142B (en)

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