CN110916641A - Intracranial pressure estimation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an intracranial pressure estimation method and device, which can solve the problems of complicated detection process and time consumption. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field; determining the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter through a first preset algorithm; the first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer. The embodiment of the invention is applied to an explosion field and used in the process of estimating the intracranial pressure of a wounded person.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to an intracranial pressure estimation method and device.
Background
With the development of modern war highly explosive weapons, craniocerebral blast impact injury and underwater blast impact injury become one of the most serious wounds in wartime. In addition, with the increase of international terrorist activities and unexpected emergencies (gas explosion, etc.), craniocerebral impact injuries tend to increase in peaceful period.
The current injury mechanism of craniocerebral explosion impact injury comprises direct impact injury, indirect impact injury theory and the like. The theory of craniocerebral direct impact injury means that explosive shock waves directly act on the craniocerebral and are directly transmitted through the cranium or transmitted into brain tissues through bone seams to cause rotary or accelerated injury, and further cause intracranial pressure change to cause craniocerebral organic damage. The theory of craniocerebral indirect impact injury means that after explosion, the skull can resist the high pressure of impact waves to a certain extent, and brain tissue injury mainly comes from the transmission of thoracic cavity pressure, namely, the impact waves act on the exposed thoracico-abdominal part to cause the pressure of the visceral organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavity to rise rapidly, the circulating pressure rises rapidly along with the pressure, and the impact waves are transmitted to the interior of the skull through the aorta and the like to cause the rupture of intracranial microvessels and the damage of the blood brain barrier, thereby causing the rise of intracranial pressure. Although the path of the shock wave transmitted to the brain tissue is controversial, the intracranial pressure rise is one of the characteristic changes of the craniocerebral impact injury, because the intracranial pressure rise is caused by the dynamic change process of the shock wave transmitted from the scalp, the skull and the dura mater to the brain parenchyma, the existing intracranial pressure detection device cannot research the injury mechanism of shock wave dynamic transmission, and therefore, the clear passage mechanism of the shock wave caused intracranial pressure change is beneficial to early prevention and early diagnosis of the craniocerebral impact injury.
Generally, intracranial pressure detection techniques in clinical and basic experiments can be classified into two major categories, non-invasive and invasive. The non-invasive monitoring technology mainly comprises indirect methods such as non-invasive electroencephalogram impedance monitoring, epihalogen manometry, transcranial Doppler ultrasound and the like, although the non-invasive and non-infection risks exist, the measurement result of the existing technology is easily influenced by the operating environment and physiological changes, and the application is limited. The invasive monitoring technology is that the sensor is directly placed in the cranium, and is divided into an implanted type and a non-implanted type, and the probe can be directly placed outside the dura mater, under the arachnoid, in the brain parenchyma, in the ventricle and the like, so that the measured result is more visual.
However, in the above method, the brain of the injured person needs to be monitored in real time by a large amount of monitoring equipment, or the intracranial pressure of the injured person can be detected only by performing invasive surgery on the brain of the injured person, which results in a complicated and time-consuming detection process and increases the pain of the patient.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial pressure estimation method and device, which can solve the problems of complicated detection process and time consumption.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for estimating intracranial pressure, the method comprising: acquiring a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field; determining the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter through a first preset algorithm; the first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided an intracranial pressure estimation method apparatus, the apparatus including: the device comprises an acquisition module and a determination module. The acquisition module is used for acquiring a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is impulse of the pressure of the blast wave of the explosion field. And the determining module is used for determining the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter acquired by the acquiring module through a first preset algorithm. The first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a first parameter (i.e. impulse of the blast field shock wave pressure) may be obtained, and then the intracranial pressure may be directly determined according to the first parameter by using a first preset algorithm. Because can be according to the impulse of explosion field shock wave pressure, directly confirm intracranial pressure through first preset algorithm, and need not to monitor wounded's brain through a large amount of monitoring facilities in real time, perhaps, need have the operation of creating to wounded's brain, just can detect wounded's intracranial pressure, consequently can promote intracranial pressure detection's convenience.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an intracranial pressure estimation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of an intracranial pressure estimation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram illustrating an intracranial pressure estimation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an intracranial pressure estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a second schematic structural diagram of an intracranial pressure estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terms "first" and "second," and the like, in the description and in the claims of embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order of the objects. For example, the first parameter and the second parameter, etc. are for distinguishing different parameters, and are not for describing a specific order of input.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. For example, a plurality of elements refers to two elements or more.
The term "and/or" herein is an association relationship describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, for example, a display panel and/or a backlight, may mean: there are three cases of a display panel alone, a display panel and a backlight at the same time, and a backlight alone. The symbol "/" herein denotes a relationship that an associated object is or, e.g., input/output denotes input or output.
In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "e.g.," an embodiment of the invention is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the terms "exemplary" or "such as" are intended to present relevant concepts in a concrete fashion.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial pressure estimation method and device, which can obtain a first parameter (namely impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field), and then directly determine intracranial pressure according to the first parameter through a first preset algorithm. Because can be according to the impulse of explosion field shock wave pressure, directly confirm intracranial pressure through first preset algorithm, and need not to monitor wounded's brain through a large amount of monitoring facilities in real time, perhaps, need have the operation of creating to wounded's brain, just can detect wounded's intracranial pressure, consequently can promote intracranial pressure detection's convenience.
The intracranial pressure estimation method and the device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be applied to an explosion field and can be used for estimating the intracranial pressure of a wounded person.
An intracranial pressure estimation method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by specific embodiments and application scenarios thereof.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of an intracranial pressure estimation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the intracranial pressure estimation method provided by the embodiment of the invention can include the following steps 201 and 202.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an impulse of the pressure of the blast field shock wave.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the explosion parameter may be calculated according to the explosion simulation model to obtain the first parameter.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and in combination with fig. 1, before step 201, the intracranial pressure estimation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes step 301 and step 302 described below.
And 301, acquiring a second parameter.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second parameter is a parameter of an explosive.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the invention, a spherical TNT explosive with a simulated mass of 50kg is exploded in an ideal gas. TNT explosives having a density of 1.6X 103kg/m3Specific internal energy of 4.18X 106J/kg. Air (a)Has a density of 1.2kg/m3Specific internal energy of 2.0X 105J/kg. The propagation of the shock wave in air upon the explosion of the central point in the 10 x 10m spatial domain was calculated.
(1) Equation of state of material
Air adopts a Gamma law state equation. In the calculation, γ is 1.4, and the initial pressure of the gas is 1 × 105Pa。
The TNT explosive state equation uses the standard JWL equation:
wherein η is rho/rho0，A、B、ω、R1、R2Is a constant.
The detonation process of converting explosive into explosive gas is not required to be researched, explosives can be simulated into a high-pressure gas ball by an energy equality method, and a Gamma law state equation is adopted.
(2) Finite element model
One eighth of the area is taken for modeling because of the symmetry between the spherical package and the computational domain, see 6. The grid size was taken to be 0.1m, all adopted regular hexahedral euler units. The TNT charge is set as a coordinate origin, and 50 units are divided in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction respectively. In order to avoid backlogs and reflections of the shock wave at the boundary, a free outflow boundary is provided at the boundary.
The calculation can be performed according to specific parameters of explosives, and combined with JWL equation.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a second preset algorithm may be used, and an Euler-Godunov solver is used to perform calculation according to the second parameter, so as to determine the first parameter; or calculating according to the second parameter by adopting an Euler-FCT solver through a third preset algorithm to determine the first parameter; or, calculating by using a second preset algorithm and an ROE solver according to the second parameter to determine the first parameter; or, calculating according to the second parameter through a fourth preset algorithm to determine the first parameter.
It can be understood that the calculation result shows that the distribution trend of the pressure peak values in the space field calculated under the five working conditions is completely consistent with the empirical formula. Because strong discontinuity is generated during shock wave propagation, a finite element model of a continuum cannot numerically simulate a discontinuous state, in order to perform calculation, an artificial viscosity term is added in a program, and meanwhile, because the grid size is still larger than the wavelength (millimeter magnitude) of the initial shock wave, a floating effect is generated on a shock wave front, so that the shock wave peak pressure obtained by numerical calculation at the beginning stage of five working conditions in the graph is smaller than the value calculated by an empirical formula. The error is gradually reduced along with the increase of the distance from the explosion point, after 1.5m, the radius of the explosive is approximate to 7 times, and the calculation results of the five working conditions are better matched with an empirical formula. The working condition II is best matched with an empirical formula, and the propagation effect of the detonation wave of the Euler-FCT solver is best. In the three working conditions of Dytran, the error between the working condition three and the empirical formula is minimum, which shows that the ROE solver in the Dytran software has relatively higher precision.
It will be appreciated that as the size of the grid increases, the simulation results will differ further from the empirical formula results. The calculation result is more accurate when the grid size is smaller under the same explosive and boundary conditions.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first predetermined algorithm is y ═ ain (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, a is 28.04, b is 38.98, and R is2＝0.804。
The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial pressure estimation method which can obtain a first parameter (namely impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field), and then directly determine the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter through a first preset algorithm. Because can be according to the impulse of explosion field shock wave pressure, directly confirm intracranial pressure through first preset algorithm, and need not to monitor wounded's brain through a large amount of monitoring facilities in real time, perhaps, need have the operation of creating to wounded's brain, just can detect wounded's intracranial pressure, consequently can promote intracranial pressure detection's convenience.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3 in combination with fig. 1, before step 201, the intracranial pressure estimation method provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes steps 401 to 404 described below.
And step 403, determining the grid size in the FEM algorithm and the SPH particle sizes of different media in the FEM algorithm.
In the embodiment of the invention, more data are published and researched in the test of the propagation parameters of the explosion shock wave in the free field, such as overpressure, impulse and the like. Data simulation is carried out through an example, and the calculation results of the SEA program on the overpressure and specific impulse of the free atmosphere explosion shock wave are compared with an empirical formula obtained by a large number of experiments of Henrych, so that the calculation accuracy of the program is checked.
Considering a spherical TNT with a diameter of 0.5m and a density of 1600kg/m3The mass was 105 kg. A uniform finite difference grid is divided by adopting a one-dimensional spherical symmetrical format, the node distance is 0.025m, and the total number of 2000 units is included, namely the distance from the center of the spherical explosive to 50 m. I.e. proportional distance
The range of (1). The initial conditions for the simulated explosive were as follows:
the boundary condition is a symmetric boundary condition at the center of spherical symmetry, and the far end is a free outflow boundary. The time step is taken to be 1 microsecond. The time relaxation factor tau is chosen to be 0.002.
Since the empirical formula of Henrych is piecewise defined, the comparison is performed in several segments. It will be appreciated that the result of the SEA calculation is slightly larger than the empirical formula, but as the proportional distance increases, the calculation result fits more and more with the empirical formula
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a possible structure of an intracranial pressure estimation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the intracranial pressure estimation device 90 can include: an acquisition module 91 and a determination module 92.
The obtaining module 91 is configured to obtain a first parameter, where the first parameter is an impulse of the blast wave pressure of the explosion field. A determining module 92, configured to determine the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter acquired by the acquiring module 91 through a first preset algorithm. The first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining module 91 is further configured to obtain a second parameter before obtaining the first parameter, where the second parameter is a parameter of an explosive. The determining module 92 is further configured to determine the first parameter according to the second parameter acquired by the acquiring module 91.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining module 92 is specifically configured to perform calculation according to the second parameter by using a second preset algorithm and using an Euler-Godunov solver, so as to determine the first parameter; or calculating according to the second parameter by adopting an Euler-FCT solver through a third preset algorithm to determine the first parameter; or, calculating by using a second preset algorithm and an ROE solver according to the second parameter to determine the first parameter; or, calculating according to the second parameter through a fourth preset algorithm to determine the first parameter.
In a possible implementation manner, the second preset algorithm is:
where η is ρ/ρ0，A、B、ω、R1、R2Is a constant.
In one possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 5, an intracranial pressure estimation apparatus 90 provided by an embodiment of the present invention further includes: a setting module 93. Wherein, the determining module 92 is further configured to determine the type of the medium involved in the explosion occurrence environment; determining the simulation area range of the SPH algorithm and the FEM algorithm in the numerical simulation according to the deformation degree of the medium in the explosion occurrence environment and the influence area of the explosion energy; determining the grid size in the FEM algorithm and the SPH particle size of different media in the FEM algorithm; and determining the coupling mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids according to the contact mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids at the interface to obtain the SPH-FEM coupling algorithm. And the setting module 93 is used for setting the boundary conditions of the numerical simulation calculation model according to the simulation requirements in the actual explosion operation occurrence environment. The obtaining module 91 is further configured to establish an explosion calculation model of the explosion operation occurrence environment according to the set boundary conditions by using the SPH-FEM coupling algorithm, simulate a dynamic evolution process of an explosion, obtain a related calculation result, and compare and verify the simulation result with an empirical value calculated by an empirical formula.
The intracranial pressure estimation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can realize each process realized by the intracranial pressure estimation device in the method embodiment, and the detailed description is not repeated here in order to avoid repetition.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intracranial pressure estimation device, which can directly determine the intracranial pressure through a first preset algorithm according to impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field without monitoring the brain of an injured person in real time through a large amount of monitoring equipment or detecting the intracranial pressure of the injured person only by invasive surgery on the brain of the injured person, so that the convenience of intracranial pressure detection can be improved.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The term "comprising" is used to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, operations.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes instructions for enabling a terminal device (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of intracranial pressure estimation, the method comprising:
acquiring a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is impulse of shock wave pressure of an explosion field;
determining the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter through a first preset algorithm;
wherein the first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to said obtaining the first parameter, the method further comprises:
acquiring a second parameter, wherein the second parameter is a parameter of an explosive;
and determining the first parameter according to the second parameter.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the first parameter based on the second parameter comprises:
calculating according to the second parameter by adopting an Euler-Godunov solver through a second preset algorithm to determine the first parameter;
or,
calculating according to the second parameter by adopting an Euler-FCT solver through a third preset algorithm to determine the first parameter;
or,
calculating by using a second preset algorithm and an ROE solver according to the second parameter to determine the first parameter;
or, calculating according to the second parameter by a fourth preset algorithm to determine the first parameter.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the second predetermined algorithm is:
where η is ρ/ρ0，A、B、ω、R1、R2Is a constant.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining the type of media involved in the environment in which the explosion occurred;
determining the simulation area range of the SPH algorithm and the FEM algorithm in the numerical simulation according to the deformation degree of the medium in the explosion occurrence environment and the influence area of the explosion energy;
determining the grid size in the FEM algorithm and the SPH particle size of different media in the FEM algorithm;
determining a coupling mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids according to a contact mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids at an interface to obtain an SPH-FEM coupling algorithm;
setting boundary conditions of a numerical simulation calculation model according to simulation requirements in an actual explosion operation occurrence environment;
and establishing an explosion calculation model of the explosion operation occurrence environment according to the set boundary conditions by using the SPH-FEM coupling algorithm, simulating the dynamic evolution process of explosion, acquiring related calculation results, and comparing and verifying the simulation results with empirical values calculated by an empirical formula.
6. An intracranial pressure estimation device, the device comprising: the device comprises an acquisition module and a determination module;
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first parameter, wherein the first parameter is impulse of the pressure of the shock wave of the explosion field;
the determining module is used for determining the intracranial pressure according to the first parameter acquired by the acquiring module through a first preset algorithm;
the first predetermined algorithm is y ═ aIn (x) -b, a is a positive integer, and b is a positive integer.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the obtaining module is further configured to obtain a second parameter before obtaining the first parameter, wherein the second parameter is a parameter of an explosive;
the determining module is further configured to determine the first parameter according to the second parameter acquired by the acquiring module.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the determining module is specifically configured to determine the first parameter by performing a calculation according to the second parameter by using a second preset algorithm and using an Euler-Godunov solver; or calculating according to the second parameter by adopting an Euler-FCT solver through a third preset algorithm to determine the first parameter; or, calculating by using a second preset algorithm and an ROE solver according to the second parameter to determine the first parameter; or, calculating according to the second parameter by a fourth preset algorithm to determine the first parameter.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second predetermined algorithm is:
where η is ρ/ρ0，A、B、ω、R1、R2Is a constant.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the intracranial pressure estimation apparatus further comprises: a setting module;
the determination module is further used for determining the type of the medium involved in the explosion occurrence environment; determining the simulation area range of the SPH algorithm and the FEM algorithm in the numerical simulation according to the deformation degree of the medium in the explosion occurrence environment and the influence area of the explosion energy; determining the grid size in the FEM algorithm and the SPH particle size of different media in the FEM algorithm; determining a coupling mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids according to a contact mode of the SPH particles and the FEM grids at an interface to obtain an SPH-FEM coupling algorithm;
the setting module is used for setting the boundary conditions of the numerical simulation calculation model according to the simulation requirements in the actual explosion operation occurrence environment;
the acquisition module is further used for establishing an explosion calculation model of the explosion operation occurrence environment according to the set boundary conditions by utilizing the SPH-FEM coupling algorithm, simulating the dynamic evolution process of explosion, acquiring related calculation results, and comparing and verifying the simulation results and empirical values obtained by calculation of an empirical formula.
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