CN110915443A - 大叶女贞扦插育苗方法 - Google Patents

大叶女贞扦插育苗方法 Download PDF

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CN110915443A
CN110915443A CN201911201935.5A CN201911201935A CN110915443A CN 110915443 A CN110915443 A CN 110915443A CN 201911201935 A CN201911201935 A CN 201911201935A CN 110915443 A CN110915443 A CN 110915443A
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cutting
ligustrum lucidum
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吕从海
李云志
陈苏媛
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Jiangsu Qilin Ecological Environment Construction Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,包括:平整扦插苗床,配制营养土,将营养土覆于扦插苗床上,形成扦插基质,并对基质进行杀菌处理,在基质表面覆盖黑色地膜;插穗剪下后,及时遮阴,再对其进行杀菌处理;插穗杀菌后,浸泡在生根粉溶液中;在扦插床中用钢钎打孔后将插穗放入孔中,插入深度为全长的1/2~2/3,在地上露出2个芽,并在插穗周围拥土填实,插后压实浇透水。本发明在配制营养土、对基质进行杀菌处理扦插枝条的基础上,结合覆盖地膜,能够明显提高大叶女贞的扦插成活率,使大叶女贞扦插成活率在90%以上;同时,采用本发明的扦插方法,大大缩短了育苗周期。

Description

大叶女贞扦插育苗方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,属于园林技术领域。
背景技术
大叶女贞也称为高杆女贞,可用于园林绿化和制作药品,具有很高的经济价值。植株高度4~7米,直径10~40公分,具有滞尘抗烟的功能,能吸收二氧化硫,适应厂矿、城市绿化,常作行道树和公园绿化树种。目前大叶女贞多采用扦插育苗,但是其育苗期间病害严重,移栽成活率低,移栽后树体的观赏价值下降。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷,提供一种大叶女贞扦插育苗方,育苗周期短,成活率高。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,包括:
平整扦插苗床,配制营养土,将营养土覆于扦插苗床上,形成扦插基质,并对基质进行杀菌处理,在基质表面覆盖黑色地膜;
插穗剪下后,及时遮阴,再对其进行杀菌处理;
插穗杀菌后,浸泡在生根粉溶液中;
在扦插床中用钢钎打孔后将插穗放入孔中,插入深度为全长的1/2~2/3,在地上露出2 个芽,并在插穗周围拥土填实,插后压实浇透水;
保持苗床环境温度35~38℃,湿度为80%~90%;采用间歇式自动喷雾设备对苗床浇水,浇水频率和时长以保持叶面湿润但不滴水为标准;扦插一星期后喷施磷酸二氢钾700倍液一次;扦插后每隔一星期喷1次多菌灵8000倍液或百菌清800倍液,并不同杀菌剂交替使用,到第四个星期开始加施1.5%阿维菌素800倍液。
进一步地,所述扦插基质包括泥土、草炭和蛭石,按重量比40~55︰30~40︰5~10配制而成。
进一步地,对基质进行杀菌处理采用的是辛硫磷乳油和多菌灵的混合物。
进一步地,对插穗进行杀菌处理采用的是400~500倍多菌灵溶液浸泡24~36h。
进一步地,还包括水分管理:水分含量保持扦插床表层土壤潮湿,并防止过湿,以利植株生长。
进一步地,还包括温度、湿度调节:棚内温度白天为20~30℃,夜间为10~20℃,当温度达30℃时揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利通风降温;棚内湿度为80%~85%,当湿度低于50%或高于85%时,喷雾或揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利用通风换气的方法升降湿度。
进一步地,还包括施肥:当插条生根后开始施肥,前期每周施1次,施0.05%~0.1%的尿素溶液,随着苗木的生长,加大用量和延长施肥周期,每2周施一次,施0.2%~0.3%的尿素溶液。
本发明所达到的有益效果:在配制营养土、对基质进行杀菌处理扦插枝条的基础上,结合覆盖地膜,能够明显提高大叶女贞的扦插成活率,使大叶女贞扦插成活率在90%以上;同时,采用本发明的扦插方法,大大缩短了育苗周期。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明一种大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)平整扦插苗床,配制营养土,将营养土覆于扦插苗床上,形成扦插基质,并采用辛硫磷乳油和多菌灵的混合物对基质进行杀菌处理,在基质表面覆盖黑色地膜;所述扦插基质包括泥土、草炭和蛭石,按重量比40~55︰30~40︰5~10配制而成。
(2)插穗剪下后,及时遮阴,再对其进行杀菌处理;采用400~500倍多菌灵溶液浸泡24~36h。
(3)插穗杀菌后,浸泡在生根粉溶液中。
(4)在扦插床中用钢钎打孔后将插穗放入孔中,插入深度为全长的1/2~2/3,在地上露出 2 个芽,并在插穗周围拥土填实,插后压实浇透水;
(5)保持苗床环境温度35~38℃,湿度为80%~90%;采用间歇式自动喷雾设备对苗床浇水,浇水频率和时长以保持叶面湿润但不滴水为标准;扦插一星期后喷施磷酸二氢钾700倍液一次;扦插后每隔一星期喷1次多菌灵8000倍液或百菌清800倍液,并不同杀菌剂交替使用,到第四个星期开始加施1.5%阿维菌素800倍液。
(6)扦插后的管理:
水分管理:水分含量保持扦插床表层土壤潮湿,并防止过湿,以利植株生长。
温度、湿度调节:棚内温度白天为20~30℃,夜间为10~20℃,当温度达30℃时揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利通风降温;棚内湿度为80%~85%,当湿度低于50%或高于85%时,喷雾或揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利用通风换气的方法升降湿度。
施肥:当插条生根后开始施肥,前期每周施1次,施0.05%~0.1%的尿素溶液,随着苗木的生长,加大用量和延长施肥周期,每2周施一次,施0.2%~0.3%的尿素溶液。
本发明在配制营养土、对基质进行杀菌处理扦插枝条的基础上,结合覆盖地膜,能够明显提高大叶女贞的扦插成活率,使大叶女贞扦插成活率在90%以上;同时,采用本发明的扦插方法,大大缩短了育苗周期。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,包括:
平整扦插苗床,配制营养土,将营养土覆于扦插苗床上,形成扦插基质,并对基质进行杀菌处理,在基质表面覆盖黑色地膜;
插穗剪下后,及时遮阴,再对其进行杀菌处理;
插穗杀菌后,浸泡在生根粉溶液中;
在扦插床中用钢钎打孔后将插穗放入孔中,插入深度为全长的1/2~2/3,在地上露出2 个芽,并在插穗周围拥土填实,插后压实浇透水;
保持苗床环境温度35~38℃,湿度为80%~90%;采用间歇式自动喷雾设备对苗床浇水,浇水频率和时长以保持叶面湿润但不滴水为标准;扦插一星期后喷施磷酸二氢钾700倍液一次;扦插后每隔一星期喷1次多菌灵8000倍液或百菌清800倍液,并不同杀菌剂交替使用,到第四个星期开始加施1.5%阿维菌素800倍液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,所述扦插基质包括泥土、草炭和蛭石,按重量比40~55︰30~40︰5~10配制而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,对基质进行杀菌处理采用的是辛硫磷乳油和多菌灵的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,对插穗进行杀菌处理采用的是400~500倍多菌灵溶液浸泡24~36h。
5.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,还包括水分管理:水分含量保持扦插床表层土壤潮湿,并防止过湿,以利植株生长。
6.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,还包括温度、湿度调节:棚内温度白天为20~30℃,夜间为10~20℃,当温度达30℃时揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利通风降温;棚内湿度为80%~85%,当湿度低于50%或高于85%时,喷雾或揭开两头或多处棚盖,以利用通风换气的方法升降湿度。
7.根据权利要求1所述的大叶女贞扦插育苗方法,其特征是,还包括施肥:当插条生根后开始施肥,前期每周施1次,施0.05%~0.1%的尿素溶液,随着苗木的生长,加大用量和延长施肥周期,每2周施一次,施0.2%~0.3%的尿素溶液。
CN201911201935.5A 2019-11-29 2019-11-29 大叶女贞扦插育苗方法 Pending CN110915443A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104798587A (zh) * 2015-05-07 2015-07-29 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 紫叶李扦插育苗方法
CN108718740A (zh) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-02 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 采用地膜对金槐扦插育苗的方法
CN110169270A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-27 元成环境股份有限公司 一种美国红枫的扦插育苗方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104798587A (zh) * 2015-05-07 2015-07-29 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 紫叶李扦插育苗方法
CN108718740A (zh) * 2018-06-05 2018-11-02 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 采用地膜对金槐扦插育苗的方法
CN110169270A (zh) * 2019-06-27 2019-08-27 元成环境股份有限公司 一种美国红枫的扦插育苗方法

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