CN1109151A - Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator - Google Patents
Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator Download PDFInfo
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- CN1109151A CN1109151A CN 94102858 CN94102858A CN1109151A CN 1109151 A CN1109151 A CN 1109151A CN 94102858 CN94102858 CN 94102858 CN 94102858 A CN94102858 A CN 94102858A CN 1109151 A CN1109151 A CN 1109151A
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- tricks
- speed
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- gear
- moment
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Abstract
The mechanical, stepless, automatic speed-torque variator for realizing standard equilateral hyperbola tractive characteristic for motor-driven vehicles, non-motor vehicles, or high-load machine is composed of planetary mechanism, two differential mechanisms, and two single-stage gear shifts, and features simple structure and high and stable drive efficiency.
Description
The invention belongs to automobile technical field.
The existing CVT (continuously variable transmission) of forming by fluid torque converter, planetary transmission, hydraulic automatic gear shifting system three parts, complex structure only can be adorned usefulness on the minority limousine; Only at seldom several transmission Bizets high efficiency is arranged, during other velocity ratio work, the transmission efficiency of speed changer all has reduction; Because this is a kind of stepless speed variator of being come by the step change transmission accommodation, because the input signal of automatic shift system is from the aperture and the speed of a motor vehicle of closure, rather than the direct reflection of resisting moment on the wheel, so speed change (gear shift) is not accurate enough and timely opportunity, work is not reliable fully.(" Automobile Design " 145 pages of " fluid torque converters ", 167 pages " mechanical transmissions ", 173 pages " hydraulic automatic gear shifting system " write by Jilin Industry University automobile teaching and research room of seeing that in July, 1981, China Machine Press published).
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of automobile variable speed transmission device, this device is pure mechanical transmission, and transmission efficiency is high and stablize; Simple in structure, be convenient to popularization and application; Have standard equilateral hyperbola pulling figure, make automobile reach stepless automatic transmission; Eliminate loss of traction, make automobile obtain best power character and fuel economy.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: by planetary mechanism and planetary mechanism, box of tricks is connected with box of tricks with box of tricks, planetary mechanism and is combined into a speed changer, and concrete structure is referring to Fig. 1.
Planetary mechanism sun gear 1 links to each other with engine power, planet carrier 3 links to each other with the differential gear of box of tricks A, the be connected external tooth engagement of a cylindrical gears 5 and planetary mechanism ring gear 2 of the differential gear of box of tricks B, another differential gear of box of tricks A cylindrical gears 4 that is connected, another differential gear of box of tricks B cylindrical gears 6 that is connected, two cylindrical gearss are done the plane transmission, two box of tricks shells have the gear teeth to be meshed, and the shell of box of tricks A and cross axle are the pto of this speed changer.
Box of tricks A is synthetic with the power that the two-semiaxle gear has, be divided into two-part power again with fast different moments of torsion, a part is exported by transmission output shaft, another part reaches box of tricks B and is broken down into two-part power that moment of torsion is identical, speed is inequality again, first portion falls through raising speed and reaches the differential gear power that planetary mechanism ring gear 2 and engine power synthesize planetary mechanism planet carrier 3-box of tricks A after turning round, and second portion increases through deceleration turns round another differential gear power that constitutes box of tricks A.
Transmission output shaft links to each other with automotive wheel by transmission device, when the resistance of automobile running increases or reduces, vehicle deceleration or raising speed, transmission output speed reduces or raises, the two-semiaxle gear rotational speed of box of tricks A reduces or raises, because the differential gear relative speed variation that connects planetary mechanism planet carrier 3 is always greater than another differential gear change in rotational speed rate, again because connect moment of torsion intrinsic on the differential gear of planetary mechanism planet carrier less than the intrinsic moment of torsion on another differential gear, so, when two-semiaxle gear reduction of speed or raising speed, the ratio of two-semiaxle gear power sum and box of tricks shell and transmission output speed, be that moment of torsion on the transmission output shaft increases or reduces, when moment of torsion on the transmission output shaft and automobile total motion resistance are reflected in resisting moment on the transmission shaft when equating, automobile will remain a constant speed and travel.Because road conditions, automobile total motion resistance are all changing constantly, so using the automobile of this speed changer at the uniform velocity to travel is a relative gear range, and speed change is at every moment.
Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator has following advantage:
1, have only a mechanical mechanism, simple in structure, can popularization and application in the stepless automatic transmission transmission of any motor vehicle and non power driven vehicle, can be used for also that working load changes greatly and load of accelerating machine greatly and the surely transmission between the power plant of perseverance.The remarkable result of have laborsaving, fuel-economizing, material-saving, increasing work efficiency.
2, be used for automobile and can reach stepless automatic transmission, under the accelerator pedal fixation case, automatic increase, the reduction speed of a motor vehicle according to automobile running resistance, increase the tractive force of wheel, according to reducing of automobile running resistance, the rising speed of a motor vehicle, reduce the tractive force of wheel, speed change adjustment constantly guarantees that definitely the speed changer output power is constantly equal to the fixedly product of output power and speed changer transmission efficiency of motor, thereby makes the power character and the fuel economy of automobile acquisition the best; Cancellation adds the downshift operation, alleviates driver's labor intensity, is beneficial to safety, makes the easier study car steering of people.
3, pure mechanical transmission has under various variator drive ratio conditions the advantage that transmission efficiency is high.
4, under the constant situation of input shaft rotating speed, output shaft can be greater than any one rotating speed rotation transmitting torque of zero.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is mechanics principle figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a stepless automatic transmission performance plot of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the standard equilateral hyperbola pulling figure figure that the present invention has.
As shown in Figure 1, the velocity ratio of each gear pair is:
Planetary mechanism parameter a=(number of teeth in the ring gear 2)/(sun gear 1 number of teeth)=4
(the ring gear 2 outer numbers of teeth)/(gear 5 numbers of teeth)=0.5
(gear 4 numbers of teeth)/(gear 6 numbers of teeth)=1.5
(the box of tricks A shell number of teeth)/(the box of tricks B shell number of teeth)=1
According to planetary mechanism characteristic equation n
1+ an
2-(a+1) n
3=0; Box of tricks gear rotational speed characteristic n
3+ n
4=2n
A
Can draw the characteristic equation of speed changer of the present invention:
Or n
1+ 7n
3=8n
A
Or 7n
4-n
1=6n
A
Or 3n
1+ 7n
2=10
A
n
1-sun gear rotating speed.
n
2-ring gear rotating speed.
n
3-planet carrier rotating speed.
n
4-gear 4 rotating speeds.
n
A-box of tricks A shell rotating speed.
Promptly under the condition of transmission input shaft (engine output shaft) invariablenes turning speed, the output shaft of speed changer can be greater than permanent steady rotation of any one rotating speed of zero.
When-(3n
1)/7＜n
2＜+00 o'clock 0＜n
A＜+00
As (3n
1)/7＜n
2≤ n
1The time 0＜n
A≤ n
1
Work as n
2＞n
1The time, the relative input shaft of transmission output shaft is in overspeed condition.
When planetary mechanism parameter a=1, planetary mechanism has just become box of tricks, and promptly box of tricks is a kind of special shape of planetary mechanism.So all, be equipped with simple gear transmission again by planetary mechanism or all by box of tricks connection combination, can obtain the stepless automatic transmission characteristic, reach purpose of the present invention.
What the following describes is the working condition that speed changer of the present invention is used for automobile:
1, starting (referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2)
The Me-engine output torque.（N·M）
Motor drives sun gear 1 with n
1Rotating speed rotation, have the moment of torsion of Me, planet carrier 3 has and n
1Turn to the moment of torsion of identical 5Me, but owing to there is reverse resisting moment to act on the differential gear that connects planet carrier 3, planet carrier 3 remains static as a result, this reverse resisting moment illustrates hereinafter.At this moment ring gear 2 is with-n
1The rotation of/4 speed, 5 of gears are with n
1/ 8 speed clockwise direction rotation is (behind the speed changer forward direction.Below all with), gear 5 has the moment of torsion of 8Me, act on the planet wheel of box of tricks B by differential gear, to clockwise rotate with the torque drive cross axle of 16Me, or will change counterclockwise with the differential gear of the torque drive connection gear 6 of 8Me, but the shell of box of tricks B, never can change clockwise, because it will change, the shell of box of tricks A then changes with speed counterclockwise, according to the box of tricks principle.
n
3+ n
4=2n
ANo matter, n
3=2n
A(n
4=0) or n
4=2n
A(n
3=0) or n
3+ n
4=2n
A(n
3＞0, n
4＞0) all will form following power transmission line:
This situation about quickening of turn-taking is non-existent, and n
3+ n
4=2n
A(n
3＜0, n
4＞0) or (n
3＞0, n
4＜0) power transmission line that all can occur turn-taking and quicken.
As a result, when gear 5 with n
1During the rotation of/8 rotating speed clockwise direction, 6 of gears change counterclockwise with speed, with it gear that is meshed 4 and fixedly connected differential gear then with n
1/ 12 rotating speed changes clockwise, and the moment of torsion of the 12Me of gear 4 will act on the planetary pinion of box of tricks A, if establish n
A=0, promptly with the moment of torsion of 7Me (when the A of differential mechanism shell is static, gear 4 has the clockwise moment of torsion of 12Me, planetary mechanism planet carrier 3 will have the anticlockwise moment of torsion of 12Me so, act on the clockwise moment of torsion of planet carrier 3 when wherein having the moment of torsion of 5Me to be used for 1 rotation of balance planetary mechanism sun gear.Mentioned in the literary composition of-front) planet carrier 3 is quickened counterclockwise, and total moment of inertia that ring gear 2, gear 5, gear 6, these gears that are accelerated of gear 4 corresponding acceleration are had all acts on the planet carrier 3, direction is clockwise, as long as exceed the anticlockwise moment of torsion of the 7Me that acts on the planet carrier 3, just can with the clockwise balance of 12Me on the gear 4, make the shell of box of tricks A and the clockwise moment of torsion that cross axle produces 24Me.If n
3=0, then these torque drive two box of tricks shells, automotive wheel, gear 4, gear 6 corresponding acceleration make the automobile translation quicken simultaneously.All these are made total moment of inertia that the accelerated motion parts are had and all act on the box of tricks A shell, and direction is counterclockwise.
Speed changer is automatically selected to the accekeration of planetary mechanism planet carrier 3 with to the accekeration of box of tricks A shell, when to the acceleration of planet carrier 3 when big more, acceleration to box of tricks A shell is just more little, when both the total moment of inertia on being reflected in planet carrier 3 was big more, the total moment of inertia that is reflected on the box of tricks A shell was more little; Because the size of moment of inertia is directly proportional with the size of acceleration.Total moment of inertia on being reflected in box of tricks A shell relatively less than the reflection planet carrier 3 on total moment of inertia the time, automobile gives it the gun.
2, automatic speed-changing and torque-converting
Be reflected in moment of torsion on the transmission shaft when equating when the transmission output shaft moment of torsion equals the automobile total motion resistance, automobile at the uniform velocity travels, and when total motion resistance increases, vehicle deceleration is so that the transmission output shaft reduction of speed, according to n
1+ 7n
3=8n
A7n
4-n
1=6n
AHave
n
3= 8/7 n
＾- (n1)/7 n
1= 6/7 n
＾+ (n
1)/7
This is two linear functions, and their image is seen figure
If △ is n
A=n
A is new-n
A is old
△ n
AThe rotating speed change amount of the shell of-box of tricks A.
n
A is new-n
AValue after the change.
n
A is old-n
AValue before changing.
In like manner, △ n
4=6/7 △ n
A
Promptly work as the transmission output shaft reduction of speed △ n is arranged
AThe change amount time, the inevitable reductions of speed of planet carrier 3 have one 8/7 △ n
AThe change amount, the inevitable reductions of speed of gear 4 have one 6/7 △ n
AThe change amount, both rotating speed change amount sums just in time equal the output shaft rotating speed change amount of twice, this meets box of tricks running equation, as can be seen, works as n from the figure
AMore hour, n
3With n
4Difference big more, high pulling torque gear 4 power shared proportion in two-semiaxle gear synthesized-power is big more, again because n
AAll the time equal that the two-semiaxle gear rotational speed closes 1/2, so the moment of torsion on box of tricks A shell and the transmission output shaft increases, when the moment of torsion after increasing equals the automobile total motion resistance again and is reflected in moment of torsion on the transmission shaft, automobile again will be at the uniform velocity (lower) than the original speed of a motor vehicle travel.
Equally, when automobile running resistance reduces, the former output torque of speed changer will quicken automobile, transmission output shaft and box of tricks A shell quicken, planet carrier 3, gear 4 is raising speed all, because it is little according to square that the big planet carrier of rotating speed increasing amount has, and the big gear l incremental speed of moment of torsion is little, the proportion that the little torque power of result accounts in the synthetic power of two-semiaxle gear strengthens, make the moment of torsion on box of tricks A shell and the output shaft reduce, the speed of a motor vehicle increases, rolling resistance, resistance of air increases, be that automobile running resistance has rising again, when the moment of torsion after reducing on the transmission output shaft equals the automobile total motion resistance again and is reflected in moment of torsion on the transmission shaft, automobile remain a constant speed again (than previous speed of a motor vehicle height) advance.
3, the raising speed of motor and reduction of speed
Ft＝ (n
5×5Me+n
4×12Me)/(n
A) -16Me)× (i
oη)/(r)
Tractive force on the Ft-wheel.（N）
η-speed changer and chassis transmission efficiency.
i
0-main reducing gear transmissionization.
R-automotive wheel radius.（m）
∵n
3= (8n
A-n
1)/7 n
4= (6n
A+n
1)/7
If i
0=6 η=0.9 r=0.48(m)
Ft＝ (11.25n
1Me)/(n
A)
Respectively with the tachometer value substitution n of transmission output shaft
1In the time of=3000 rev/mins (on) formula and n
1In the time of=1500 rev/mins (on) formula
Again with the tachometer value substitution following formula of transmission output shaft
Va= (n
A)/(i
o) × (60×2πr)/1000
The Va-speed of a motor vehicle.(kilometer/hour)
The l rotating speed of transmission output shaft is conversed the speed of a motor vehicle of automobile.
Then draw show them image as shown in Figure 4,
If keep automobile driving speed constant, promptly keep n
ABe worth constant, when engine speed rises to 3000 rev/mins by 1500 rev/mins, the tractive force of automobile will increase and be twice, if keep automobile running resistance constant (disregard the speed of a motor vehicle increases and the resistance of air that causes and the increase of other resistance) promptly to keep the tractive force of automobile constant, then automobile driving speed adds fast again.
In like manner, when drop engine speed, if keep automobile driving speed constant, then the tractive force on the wheel reduces (referring generally to automobile is changeed descending by level road operating mode).Do not become if automobile running resistance, just keep the tractive force of automobile constant, then vehicle deceleration (referring generally to the driving reduction of speed in the level road).
Claims (5)
1, a kind of speed changer is characterized in that: be connected with box of tricks with box of tricks, box of tricks with planetary mechanism, planetary mechanism by planetary mechanism and combine.
2, speed changer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: planetary mechanism sun gear (1) links to each other with engine power, planet carrier (3) links to each other with a differential gear of box of tricks (A), the be connected external tooth engagement of a cylindrical gears and planetary mechanism ring gear (2) of a differential gear of box of tricks (B), another differential gear of box of tricks (A) cylindrical gears that is connected, another differential gear of box of tricks (B) cylindrical gears that is connected, these two cylindrical gearss are done the plane transmission, two box of tricks shells have the gear teeth to be meshed, and box of tricks (A) shell and cross axle are output shaft.
3, speed changer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: under the condition of transmission input shaft invariablenes turning speed, the output shaft of speed changer can be greater than permanent steady the rotation and transmitting torque of any one rotating speed of zero.
4, speed changer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: box of tricks (A) is synthetic with the power that the two-semiaxle gear has, be divided into two-part power again with fast different moments of torsion, a part is exported by transmission output shaft, another part reaches box of tricks (B), and to be broken down into moment of torsion again identical, two-part power that rotating speed is inequality, first portion falls through raising speed and reaches the differential gear power that planetary mechanism ring gear (2) and engine power synthesize planetary mechanism planet carrier (3)-box of tricks (A) after turning round, and second portion increases through deceleration turns round another differential gear power that constitutes box of tricks (A).
5, according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 described speed changers, it is characterized in that: the signal of the resisting moment on the car-wheel as the control speed change, when the resisting moment on the wheel increases or reduces, transmission output speed reduces or raises, box of tricks (A) two-semiaxle gear rotational speed reduces or raises, because the differential gear relative speed variation that connects planetary mechanism planet carrier (3) is always greater than another differential gear change in rotational speed rate of box of tricks (A), again because connect moment of torsion intrinsic on the differential gear of planetary mechanism planet carrier (3) less than the intrinsic moment of torsion on another differential gear of box of tricks (A), so, when two-semiaxle gear reduction of speed or raising speed, the ratio of two-semiaxle gear power sum and box of tricks shell and transmission output speed, be that moment of torsion on the transmission output shaft will increase or reduce, when moment of torsion on the transmission output shaft and automobile total motion resistance are reflected in resisting moment on the transmission shaft when equating, automobile will remain a constant speed and travel, because road conditions, be engraved in variation during the automobile total motion resistance, so speed changer is constantly all in speed change.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94102858 CN1039741C (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94102858 CN1039741C (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1109151A true CN1109151A (en) | 1995-09-27 |
| CN1039741C CN1039741C (en) | 1998-09-09 |
Family
ID=5030834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94102858 Expired - Fee Related CN1039741C (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1994-03-25 | Automatic mechanical stepless speed and torque variator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1039741C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060258C (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 2001-01-03 | 杨春龄 | Shaft coupling type stepless speed and moment changer |
| CN1064442C (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-04-11 | 成永友 | Mechanical gear driving fully automatic stepless speed variator |
| CN106763618A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-05-31 | 北京驹创鼎盛科技发展有限公司 | Power transmission |
| WO2019228261A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Homodromous transfer dual-control universal transmission device |
| WO2019228263A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Equidirectional transfer universal transmission |
| WO2019228262A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Co-directional transfer differential speed transmitter |
-
1994
- 1994-03-25 CN CN 94102858 patent/CN1039741C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1060258C (en) * | 1995-11-28 | 2001-01-03 | 杨春龄 | Shaft coupling type stepless speed and moment changer |
| CN1064442C (en) * | 1998-12-10 | 2001-04-11 | 成永友 | Mechanical gear driving fully automatic stepless speed variator |
| CN106763618A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2017-05-31 | 北京驹创鼎盛科技发展有限公司 | Power transmission |
| WO2018033101A1 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-02-22 | 北京驹创鼎盛科技发展有限公司 | Power transmission device |
| CN106763618B (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2018-12-14 | 北京驹创鼎盛科技发展有限公司 | Power transmission device |
| WO2019228261A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Homodromous transfer dual-control universal transmission device |
| WO2019228263A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Equidirectional transfer universal transmission |
| WO2019228262A1 (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2019-12-05 | Luo Can | Co-directional transfer differential speed transmitter |
| CN111556938A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-08-18 | 罗灿 | Equidirectional transfer one hundred-direction driver |
| CN111566387A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-08-21 | 罗灿 | Equidirectional transfer double-control hundred-direction driver |
| KR20200139757A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-12-14 | 찬 루어 | Trend type power distribution universal clutch |
| CN111556938B (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2021-07-30 | 罗灿 | Equidirectional transfer one hundred-direction driver |
| US11131372B2 (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2021-09-28 | Can Luo | Equidirectional transfer universal transmission |
| KR102535409B1 (en) | 2018-05-28 | 2023-05-22 | 찬 루어 | Trend type power distribution type universal clutch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1039741C (en) | 1998-09-09 |
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