CN110913373B - In-vehicle wireless communication platform based on joint time-frequency priority strategy and anti-interference method thereof - Google Patents
In-vehicle wireless communication platform based on joint time-frequency priority strategy and anti-interference method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an in-vehicle wireless communication platform based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy and an anti-interference method thereof. The platform comprises a single-hop star-shaped ZigBee networking safety anti-theft alarm system, a multi-hop distributed ZigBee networking vehicle information management system and a WiFi distributed networking multimedia information transmission system, the human-computer interaction center is responsible for managing three types of networks to work cooperatively, real-time data are uploaded to the cloud server, and the mobile terminal is connected with the cloud to remotely control the platform. For the interference problem caused by the coexistence of the three types of networks on the vehicle, a coordination scheme based on a time-frequency priority strategy is provided, and the coordination scheme comprises a time-frequency interference detection module, a channel priority and vehicle-mounted task priority list, a link scheduling module and a channel hopping module. The invention can break through the restriction of wire harnesses, shorten the integration time of vehicle functions, improve the efficiency of real-time data transmission and command execution of various networks and enable the wireless communication network to work in cooperation in the vehicle environment more efficiently.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to an in-vehicle wireless communication platform based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy and an anti-interference method thereof.
Background
The automobile networking comprises vehicle-mounted internal network interconnection and vehicle external network interconnection. The interconnection and intercommunication of external networks of vehicles, with the development of mobile internet and 4G/5G wireless communication technology, has become a research hotspot in recent years. Interconnection and intercommunication of the current vehicle-mounted internal network mainly rely on wired network connection to build a whole vehicle network, so that information sharing and vehicle motion control of vehicle-mounted sensors, controllers, electric control units and the like are realized, and research on building of the vehicle-mounted internal network based on a wireless communication technology is few.
Along with the quick promotion and the realization of intelligent networking car development, the information sharing between on-vehicle electronic equipment is closer, the information sensing equipment quantity of intelligent networking car increases thereupon by a wide margin, cause the sensor, a controller, and the cable length of interconnect between the ECUs, weight and connection complexity also sharply increase, so that the mode of carrying out on-vehicle intranet network based on wired network connection form at present not only can increase on-vehicle wired network's the wiring degree of difficulty, the weight volume of car, vehicle function integration time, but also can reduce on-vehicle intranet's expansibility, be unfavorable for the upgrading expansion and the maintenance of on-vehicle intranet of later stage.
Wireless communication technology is an alternative to wired connections, effectively reducing the problems and cost overhead associated with wired connections. Therefore, the solution that the integration networking is relevant on the vehicle develops towards the research of vehicle environment intelligence wireless network communication, forms on-vehicle wireless network control system, breaks through the restriction of pencil, to shortening the integration time of vehicle function, promotes on-vehicle passenger's convenience and travelling comfort that use automotive electronics, and the expansibility and the maintainability of reinforcing on-vehicle inside network module promote the research and the realization of intelligent networking car all to have important meaning.
Different networking modes can be selected by the vehicle-mounted internal network according to transmission data and safety, and the problem of mutual interference inevitably exists in the environment that the short-distance wireless communication network in the vehicle coexists. The current interference coordination scheme is mainly divided into a time domain and a frequency domain, and in the time domain, when a task is collided, the problem of conflict in the time domain is solved by scheduling methods such as static RMS, dynamic EDF, time slice rotation and the like; in the frequency domain, when co-channel interference occurs, algorithms such as frequency agility and power control are usually adopted to switch channels to eliminate the interference problem in the frequency domain. Under the same network environment, the two types of coordination schemes are not fully combined to eliminate interference.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at solving the problems of wiring difficulty, large vehicle volume, short vehicle function integration time, poor expansibility and the like caused by a networking mode of connecting the current vehicle-mounted interior based on a wired network, the invention provides an in-vehicle wireless communication platform based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy and an anti-interference method thereof aiming at the difference of transmission rate and safety of the vehicle-mounted interior.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a wireless communication platform in a vehicle based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy comprises a man-machine interaction center, a safety anti-theft alarm system, a vehicle information management system and a multimedia information transmission system, wherein the man-machine interaction center is used as a core control unit of the platform, and the safety anti-theft alarm network, the vehicle information management network and the multimedia network are connected with the safety anti-theft alarm system through serial ports and are used as peripheral equipment to complete corresponding functions; the human-computer interaction center mainly comprises an android board and is responsible for task scheduling of various networks in the vehicle and realization of communication protocols; the safety anti-theft alarm system consists of a single-hop ZigBee wireless module and a vehicle-mounted security hardware facility and is responsible for emergency treatment of emergency situations in the driving process; the vehicle information management system consists of a multi-hop ZigBee wireless module, an OBD module, an air quality detection module and an instrument panel display module and is responsible for self diagnosis of the vehicle and monitoring of the environment in the vehicle; the multimedia transmission system is composed of a WiFi module, an audio and video module, a voice navigation module and a driving recorder, and is mainly responsible for vehicle navigation, transmission of audio and video streams recorded during driving and management of entertainment information.
The information processed by the android board of the human-computer interaction center in real time is synchronously uploaded to the cloud server, and the mobile terminal and the cloud end are connected to remotely control the wireless communication platform in the vehicle.
The safety anti-theft system adopts a centralized star network topology based on ZigBee and performs networking in a single-hop centralized mode; the ZigBee terminal is electrically connected with the vehicle door, the vehicle lamp, the safety belt and the loudspeaker, the first ZigBee coordinator broadcasts beacons, each terminal node searches for the beacons in a self-organizing mode to carry out networking, one-to-many data transmission between the coordinator and the wireless module nodes is achieved, and finally information collected by the first ZigBee coordinator is transmitted to the android board through the RS232 to be processed and stored.
The vehicle information management system adopts a distributed tree network topology based on ZigBee and utilizes a multi-hop distributed ad hoc network; the first ZigBee route is connected with the vehicle-mounted OBD interface and is also used as a coordinator to collect the code speed, the oil consumption and the electric quantity of the vehicle in real time; the second ZigBee route is also used as a coordinator to be wirelessly connected with terminal nodes of the formaldehyde sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the PM sensor, and air quality information in the vehicle is collected and preprocessed; the third ZigBee route is connected with the instrument panel and displays the information collected by the other two routers in real time; and the second ZigBee coordinator is interconnected with the three ZigBee routers, and the received data is packaged and transmitted to the android board through RS232 for data analysis and storage.
The multimedia information transmission system adopts a WiFi-based distributed mesh network topology, audio and video nodes, driving recording nodes, voice navigation nodes and adapters are connected, a WiFi module is connected with an STM32 to create a local area network, each adapter is connected to the network by searching WiFi signals, collected audio and video coal streams are transmitted to an STM32 for preprocessing, and finally transmitted to an android board through RS232 for data processing.
An anti-interference method of an in-vehicle wireless communication platform based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy is provided, the method depends on the in-vehicle wireless communication platform and an interference detection and coordination program stored in the platform, and the program is provided with a time-frequency interference detection module, a priority list of a ZigBee channel and a vehicle-mounted task, a link scheduling module and a channel hopping module; the steps of the interference detection and coordination based on the platform of the program are as follows:
step 1: when the whole in-vehicle wireless communication platform is powered on to initialize parameters or set, the three types of wireless networks and the human-computer interaction center enter a working state;
step 2: the wireless sensor node or the vehicle-mounted terminal equipment transmits real-time data to the coordinator side through a wireless link, then the real-time data are collected to the android board through a serial port, and the man-machine interaction center feeds back the processed data or commands to the terminal node; when a certain link transmits data and does not receive ACK in a specified time, starting an interference detection mechanism;
and 3, step 3: judging whether task collision occurs in a time domain through a CSMA-CD collision detection algorithm, and starting a link scheduling mechanism if different vehicle-mounted tasks compete for a core processor;
and 4, step 4: if no task collision exists in the time domain, ED energy detection is carried out on the current channel, whether the RSSI received signal strength exceeds a threshold value or not is judged, and when the same frequency of WiFi on ZigBee is interfered to the extent that the WiFi cannot normally transmit data, a channel hopping mechanism is entered;
and 5: and (4) completing interference coordination, and enabling each network to enter an ordered and efficient working state.
The specific flow of the conflict detection algorithm and the link scheduling mechanism in the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1: detecting the DC voltage levels of the serial ports com1, com2 and com3, and if a plurality of tasks collide and exceed the average voltage level, sending a collision signal to an android board;
step 3.2: the android board detects time domain interference, compares the priorities of collision tasks according to a vehicle-mounted task priority list, generates a task queue and executes the tasks in sequence; and (4) executing and detecting at the same time, preventing secondary collision, and quitting a link scheduling mechanism until the tasks in the queue are executed completely.
The specific process of the channel hopping mechanism in step 4 is as follows:
step 4.1: detecting co-channel interference, carrying out channel hopping, assigning an initial value 1 to a channel label i, and executing i + +;
and 4.2: selecting the ith channel according to the channel priority list;
step 4.3: ED is carried out on the ith channel, RSSI is judged, if the channel is not interfered, the ZigBee network is switched to the ith channel, and the channel hopping process is finished; otherwise, the scanning is continued according to the channel priority list.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the vehicle-mounted internal wireless network control system, can break through the restriction of wire harnesses, shorten the integration time of vehicle functions and enhance the expansibility and maintainability of a vehicle-mounted internal network module; the interference coordination scheme based on the joint time-frequency priority is applied to the vehicle-mounted internal wireless communication platform, so that the efficiency of real-time data transmission and command execution of various networks can be improved, the wireless communication network can work in cooperation in the vehicle environment more efficiently, and the convenience and the comfort of using the vehicle electronic equipment by vehicle-mounted passengers are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a general architecture of an in-vehicle wireless communication platform.
Fig. 2 is a security burglar alarm system.
Fig. 3 is a vehicle information management system.
Fig. 4 is a multimedia information transmission system.
Fig. 5 is an interference detection flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is a link scheduling flow chart.
Fig. 7 is a channel hopping flow diagram.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, an in-vehicle wireless communication platform based on a joint time-frequency priority strategy comprises a human-computer interaction center, a security anti-theft alarm system, a vehicle information management system and a multimedia information transmission system, wherein the human-computer interaction center is used as a core control unit of the platform, and the security anti-theft alarm network, the vehicle information management network and the multimedia network are connected with the security anti-theft alarm system, the vehicle information management network and the multimedia network through serial ports and are used as peripheral equipment to complete corresponding functions; the human-computer interaction center mainly comprises an android board and is responsible for task scheduling of various networks in the vehicle and realization of communication protocols; the safety anti-theft alarm system consists of a single-hop ZigBee wireless module and a vehicle-mounted security hardware facility and is responsible for emergency treatment of emergency situations in the driving process; the vehicle information management system consists of a multi-hop ZigBee wireless module, an OBD module, an air quality detection module and an instrument panel display module and is responsible for self diagnosis of the vehicle and monitoring of the environment in the vehicle; the multimedia transmission system is composed of a WiFi module, an audio and video module, a voice navigation module and a driving recorder, and is mainly responsible for vehicle navigation, transmission of audio and video streams recorded during driving and management of entertainment information.
The information processed by the android board of the human-computer interaction center in real time is synchronously uploaded to the cloud server, and the mobile terminal and the cloud end are connected to remotely control the wireless communication platform in the vehicle.
As shown in fig. 2, the security anti-theft system adopts a centralized star network topology based on ZigBee, and performs networking in a single-hop centralized manner; the ZigBee terminal is electrically connected with the vehicle door, the vehicle lamp, the safety belt and the loudspeaker, the first ZigBee coordinator broadcasts beacons, each terminal node searches for the beacons in a self-organizing mode to carry out networking, one-to-many data transmission between the coordinator and the wireless module nodes is achieved, and finally information collected by the first ZigBee coordinator is transmitted to the android board through the RS232 to be processed and stored.
As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle information management system adopts a distributed tree network topology based on ZigBee, and utilizes a multi-hop distributed ad hoc network; the first ZigBee route is connected with the vehicle-mounted OBD interface and is also used as a coordinator to collect the code speed, oil consumption and electric quantity of the vehicle in real time; the second ZigBee route is also used as a coordinator to be wirelessly connected with terminal nodes of the formaldehyde sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor and the PM sensor, and air quality information in the vehicle is collected and preprocessed; the third ZigBee route is connected with the instrument panel and displays the information collected by the other two routers in real time; and the second ZigBee coordinator is interconnected with the three ZigBee routers, and the received data is packaged and transmitted to the android board through RS232 for data analysis and storage.
As shown in fig. 4, the multimedia information transmission system adopts a WiFi-based distributed mesh network topology, audio and video nodes, driving recording nodes, voice navigation nodes and adapters, a WiFi module is connected with an STM32 to create a local area network, each adapter is connected to the network by searching WiFi signals, collected audio and video coal streams are transmitted to an STM32 for preprocessing, and finally transmitted to an android board through RS232 for data processing.
The invention also provides an anti-interference method of the wireless communication platform in the vehicle based on the joint time-frequency priority strategy, which comprises the following steps: the system comprises a time-frequency interference detection module as shown in fig. 5, a ZigBee channel and a priority list of vehicle-mounted tasks, a link scheduling module as shown in fig. 6 and a channel hopping module as shown in fig. 7. The platform-based interference detection and coordination steps are as follows:
step 1: when the whole in-vehicle wireless communication platform is powered on to initialize parameters or set, the three types of wireless networks and the human-computer interaction center enter a working state;
step 2: the wireless sensor node or the vehicle-mounted terminal equipment transmits real-time data to the coordinator side through a wireless link, then the real-time data are collected to the android board through a serial port, and the man-machine interaction center feeds back the processed data or commands to the terminal node; when a certain link transmits data and does not receive ACK in a specified time, starting an interference detection mechanism;
and step 3: judging whether task collision occurs in a time domain through a CSMA-CD collision detection algorithm, and starting a link scheduling mechanism if different vehicle-mounted tasks compete for a core processor;
the specific flow of the conflict detection algorithm and the link scheduling mechanism is as follows:
step 3.1: detecting the direct-current voltage levels on the serial ports com1, com2 and com3, and if a plurality of tasks collide and exceed the average voltage level, sending a collision signal to the android board;
step 3.2: detecting time domain interference by the android board, comparing priorities of collision tasks according to a vehicle-mounted task priority list to generate a task queue, and executing the tasks in sequence; and (5) executing detection while preventing secondary collision from occurring until the tasks in the queue are executed completely, and quitting the link scheduling mechanism.
And 4, step 4: if no task collision exists in the time domain, ED energy detection is carried out on the current channel, whether the RSSI received signal strength exceeds a threshold value or not is judged, and when the same frequency of WiFi on ZigBee is interfered to the extent that the WiFi cannot normally transmit data, a channel hopping mechanism is entered;
the specific flow of the channel hopping mechanism is as follows:
step 4.1: detecting co-frequency interference, carrying out channel hopping, assigning an initial value of 1 to a channel label i, and executing i + +;
step 4.2: selecting the ith channel according to the channel priority list;
step 4.3: ED is carried out on the ith channel, RSSI is judged, if the channel is not interfered, the ZigBee network is switched to the ith channel, and the channel hopping process is finished; otherwise, the scanning is continued according to the channel priority list.
And 5: and (4) completing interference coordination, and enabling each network to enter an ordered and efficient working state.
The co-frequency interference is mainly interference of WiFi to ZigBee, and when the distance between a source node and an access node of the WiFi is less than 3m, the co-frequency interference of the WiFi to ZigBee can be ignored. The channel priority list is graded according to different center distances between the ZigBee channel and the three common WiFi channels 1, 6 and 11. The first priority comprises channels 15, 20, 25, 26, the second priority comprises channels 11, 14, 16, 19, 21, 24, and the third priority comprises channels 12, 13, 17, 18, 22, 23.
The task collision is mainly caused by the fact that two types of ZigBee networks and WiFi networks compete for a core processor at the same time, wherein an on-board task priority list is divided according to the periodicity and the real-time performance of tasks. The first priority is a non-periodic real-time safety alarm task, the second priority is a periodic real-time vehicle information management task, and the third priority is a non-real-time multimedia information transmission task.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an in-vehicle wireless communication platform which characterized in that: the system comprises a man-machine interaction center, a safety anti-theft alarm system, a vehicle information management system and a multimedia information transmission system, wherein the man-machine interaction center consists of an android and is responsible for task scheduling of various networks in a vehicle and realization of communication protocols; the safety anti-theft alarm system consists of a single-hop ZigBee wireless module and a vehicle-mounted security hardware facility and is responsible for emergency treatment of sudden conditions in the driving process; the vehicle information management system consists of a multi-hop ZigBee wireless module, an OBD module, an air quality detection module and an instrument panel display module and is responsible for self diagnosis of the vehicle and monitoring of the environment in the vehicle; the multimedia transmission system consists of a WiFi module, an audio and video module, a voice navigation module and a driving recorder and is responsible for vehicle navigation, transmission of audio and video streams recorded by driving and management of entertainment information;
the human-computer interaction center is used as a core control unit of the platform, and the safety anti-theft alarm network, the vehicle information management network and the multimedia network are connected with the safety anti-theft alarm network, the vehicle information management network and the multimedia network through serial ports and are used as peripheral equipment to complete corresponding functions; the real-time processed information of the android board is synchronously uploaded to a cloud server, and the mobile terminal and the cloud terminal are interconnected to remotely control the in-vehicle wireless communication platform;
the safety anti-theft alarm system originally adopts a wired network based on an LIN bus, adopts a centralized star network topology based on ZigBee and utilizes a single-hop centralized mode to carry out networking; the ZigBee terminal is electrically connected with a vehicle door, a vehicle lamp, a safety belt and a loudspeaker, the ZigBee coordinator 1 broadcasts beacons, each terminal node searches the beacons in a self-organizing mode to carry out networking, one-to-many data transmission between the coordinator and the wireless module nodes is realized, and finally information collected by the ZigBee coordinator 1 is transmitted to an android board through RS232 to be processed and stored;
the vehicle information management system originally adopts a wired network based on a CAN bus, and currently adopts a distributed tree network topology based on ZigBee; the ZigBee route 1 is connected with a vehicle-mounted OBD interface and is also used as a coordinator to collect the code speed, oil consumption and electric quantity of the vehicle in real time; the ZigBee route 2 is also used as a coordinator to be wirelessly connected with terminal nodes of a formaldehyde sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor and a PM sensor, so that air quality information in the vehicle is collected and preprocessed; the ZigBee route 3 is connected with the instrument panel, and can display information collected by the ZigBee route 1 and the ZigBee route 2 in real time; the ZigBee coordinator 2 is interconnected with the three routers, and the received data is packaged and transmitted to an android board through RS232 for data analysis and storage;
the multimedia information transmission system originally adopts a wired network based on an MOST bus, a distributed mesh network topology based on WiFi is adopted at present, audio and video nodes, driving recording nodes, voice navigation nodes are connected with adapters, a WiFi module is connected with an STM32 to create a local area network, each adapter is connected to the network by searching WiFi signals, collected audio and video coal streams are transmitted to an STM32 for preprocessing, and finally transmitted to an android board through RS232 for data processing; the method depends on the wireless communication platform in the vehicle and an interference detection and coordination program stored in the platform, and the program is provided with a time-frequency interference detection module, a ZigBee channel and priority list of vehicle-mounted tasks, a link scheduling module and a channel hopping module; the steps of the interference detection and coordination based on the platform of the program are as follows:
step 1: when the whole in-vehicle wireless communication platform is powered on to initialize parameters or set, the three types of wireless networks and the human-computer interaction center enter a working state;
and 2, step: the wireless sensor node or the vehicle-mounted terminal equipment transmits real-time data to the coordinator side through a wireless link, then the real-time data are collected to the android board through a serial port, and the man-machine interaction center feeds back the processed data or commands to the terminal node; when a certain link transmits data and does not receive ACK in a specified time, starting an interference detection mechanism;
and step 3: judging whether task collision occurs in a time domain through a CSMA-CD collision detection algorithm, and starting a link scheduling mechanism if different vehicle-mounted tasks compete for a core processor;
the specific flow of the conflict detection algorithm and the link scheduling mechanism is as follows:
step 3.1: detecting the direct-current voltage levels on the serial ports com1, com2 and com3, and if a plurality of tasks collide and exceed the average voltage level, sending a collision signal to the android board;
step 3.2: detecting time domain interference by the android board, comparing priorities of collision tasks according to a vehicle-mounted task priority list to generate a task queue, and executing the tasks in sequence; detecting while executing to prevent secondary collision until the tasks in the queue are executed completely, and quitting the link scheduling mechanism;
and 4, step 4: if no task collision exists in the time domain, ED energy detection is carried out on the current channel, whether the RSSI received signal strength exceeds a threshold value or not is judged, and when the same frequency of WiFi on ZigBee is interfered to the extent that the WiFi cannot normally transmit data, a channel hopping mechanism is entered;
the specific process of channel hopping is as follows:
step 4.1: detecting co-channel interference, carrying out channel hopping, assigning an initial value 1 to a channel label i, and executing i + +;
step 4.2: selecting the ith channel according to the channel priority list;
step 4.3: ED is carried out on the ith channel, RSSI is judged, if the channel is not interfered, the ZigBee network is switched to the ith channel, and the channel hopping process is finished; otherwise, continuing to scan according to the channel priority list;
and 5: and (4) completing interference coordination, and enabling each network to enter an ordered and efficient working state.
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