CN110911962B - Optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system - Google Patents
Optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110911962B CN110911962B CN201911270900.7A CN201911270900A CN110911962B CN 110911962 B CN110911962 B CN 110911962B CN 201911270900 A CN201911270900 A CN 201911270900A CN 110911962 B CN110911962 B CN 110911962B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07955—Monitoring or measuring power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0799—Monitoring line transmitter or line receiver equipment
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extinction ratio closed-loop control system of an optical module, which comprises an APC (automatic Power control) center, a bias current generation module and an extinction ratio automatic adjustment module; the APC control center is electrically connected with the input end of the bias current generation module, and the output end of the bias current generation module is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD; the input end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module is electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, and the output end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD. In the invention, the output extinction ratio of the optical module is calculated by collecting the levels of data '1' and data '0' in the optical signal output by the optical module, the calculated extinction ratio is compared with the preset extinction ratio, and the output extinction ratio of the optical module is adjusted according to the comparison result; the temperature compensation of the optical module can be realized without collecting the ambient temperature, and the method is also suitable for the optical module with poor consistency, so that the utilization rate and the yield of the optical module are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical modules, in particular to an extinction ratio closed-loop control system of an optical module.
Background
An optical module, which is one of the core devices of modern optical communication, must be capable of maintaining performance stability over a wide temperature variation range. In terms of optical module design, if no compensation measures are taken, the output extinction ratio of the optical module will change greatly in a wide temperature range, so that the eye diagram of the light emitting part is degraded, the sensitivity of the light receiving part is degraded, and finally the communication error rate is increased. Therefore, maintaining the stability of the output extinction ratio is very important to improve the communication quality of optical communication.
In order to maintain the stability of the output extinction ratio, the following three methods are generally adopted:
1. setting the modulation current of an optical module under the normal temperature condition, and then adjusting the magnitude of the modulation current in a mode of combining temperature compensation and K coefficient compensation to keep the stability of the output extinction ratio;
2. using a temperature lookup table to perform temperature compensation, using a limited number of samples to perform temperature section division and temperature section bias modulation current model searching, and updating bias and modulation current according to a temperature section after the temperature changes so as to stably output an extinction ratio;
3. adjusting the value of the digital potentiometer according to the temperature change by using a monitoring chip with the digital potentiometer;
the common defect of the three methods is that the optical modules are required to have better temperature consistency, otherwise, the output extinction ratio shows larger discreteness.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system without collecting ambient temperature.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system is disclosed, wherein an optical module comprises a laser emitting unit LD and a laser receiving unit PD, and the control system comprises an APC control center, a bias current generation module and an extinction ratio automatic adjustment module; the APC control center is electrically connected with the input end of the bias current generation module, and the output end of the bias current generation module is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD; the input end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module is electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, and the output end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD; the extinction ratio automatic adjustment module is used for detecting level values corresponding to data '1' and data '0' in the output current of the laser receiving unit PD, so that the output extinction ratio of the optical module is calculated, the calculated extinction ratio is compared with a preset extinction ratio, and the output extinction ratio of the optical module is adjusted according to the comparison result.
Furthermore, the extinction ratio detection module comprises a direct current coupling unit, an alternating current coupling unit, a '1' level detection unit, a '0' level detection unit, an MCU algorithm center and a modulation current generation module; the input ends of the direct current coupling unit and the alternating current coupling unit are electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, the output end of the direct current coupling unit is electrically connected with the direct current input end of the '1' level detection unit and the direct current input end of the '0' level detection unit, the output end of the alternating current coupling unit is electrically connected with the alternating current input end of the '1' level detection unit and the alternating current input end of the '0' level detection unit, and the output ends of the '1' level detection unit and the '0' level detection unit are electrically connected with the MCU algorithm center; the MCU algorithm center is electrically connected with the input end of the modulation current generation module, and the output end of the modulation current generation module is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD.
Further, the extinction ratio detection module further comprises a current mirror, and the input end of the direct current coupling unit is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD through the current mirror.
Further, the extinction ratio detection module further comprises a current mirror, and the input end of the alternating current coupling unit is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD through the current mirror.
Furthermore, the direct current coupling unit and the MCU algorithm center are electrically connected with the APC control center; the APC control center transmits a voltage reference value V according to the MCU algorithm centerREFControlling the bias current generation module to generate bias current to make the laser emission unit LD work, and converting the DC component from the DC coupling unit into a voltage reference value VREFComparing, automatically adjusting the output optical power of the optical module according to the comparison result until the DC component sent by the DC coupling unit and the voltage reference value VREFAre equal.
Further, the MCU algorithm center calculates an output extinction ratio of the optical module according to a level value of data "1" sent by the "1" level detection unit and a level value of data "0" sent by the "0" level detection unit, compares the calculated extinction ratio with a preset extinction ratio, and adjusts the modulation current generated by the modulation current generation module according to the comparison result, thereby automatically adjusting the output extinction ratio of the optical module.
Has the advantages that: in the invention, the output extinction ratio of the optical module is calculated by collecting the levels of data '1' and data '0' in the optical signal output by the optical module, the calculated extinction ratio is compared with the preset extinction ratio, and the output extinction ratio of the optical module is adjusted according to the comparison result; the temperature compensation of the optical module can be realized without collecting the ambient temperature, and the method is also suitable for the optical module with poor consistency, so that the utilization rate and the yield of the optical module are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it is to be noted that the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, or may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a specific meaning of the term may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical module 4 includes a laser emitting unit LD and a laser receiving unit PD, and one embodiment of the present invention includes an APC control center 1, a bias current generating module 2, a current mirror 31, a dc coupling unit 32, an ac coupling unit 33, a "1" level detecting unit 34, a "0" level detecting unit 35, an MCU algorithm center 36, and a modulation current generating module 37; the APC control center 1 is electrically connected with the input end of the bias current generation module 2, and the output end of the bias current generation module 2 is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD.
The input end of the alternating current coupling unit 33 is electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, and the input end of the direct current coupling unit 32 is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD through the current mirror 31; the output end of the direct current coupling unit 32 is electrically connected with the direct current input end of the '1' level detection unit 34 and the direct current input end of the '0' level detection unit 35, the output end of the alternating current coupling unit 33 is electrically connected with the alternating current input end of the '1' level detection unit 34 and the alternating current input end of the '0' level detection unit 35, and the output ends of the '1' level detection unit 34 and the '0' level detection unit 35 are electrically connected with the MCU algorithm center 36; the MCU algorithm center 36 is electrically connected to an input terminal of the modulation current generating module 37, and an output terminal of the modulation current generating module 37 is electrically connected to the laser emitting unit LD. The MCU algorithm center 36 calculates the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4 according to the level value of the data "1" sent from the "1" level detection unit 34 and the level value of the data "0" sent from the "0" level detection unit 35, compares the calculated extinction ratio with a preset extinction ratio, and adjusts the modulation current generated by the modulation current generation module 37 according to the comparison result, thereby automatically adjusting the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4.
The direct current coupling unit 32 and the MCU algorithm center 36 are both electrically connected with the APC control center 1; the APC control center 1 sends a voltage reference value V according to the MCU algorithm center 36REFControlling the bias current generation module 2 to generate bias current to make the laser emission unit LD work, and converting the DC component and the voltage reference value V from the DC coupling unit 32REFComparing, and automatically adjusting the output optical power of the optical module 4 according to the comparison result until the dc component sent by the dc coupling unit 32 is equal to the voltage reference value VREFAre equal.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
in the optical module design, the definition of the extinction ratio Ex is the optical power P of the optical module at the time of data "11Optical power P with data "00Is generally expressed in logarithmic form, i.e.:
for an optical module comprising a laser emitting unit LD and a laser receiving unit PD, a stable linear relation exists between the output extinction ratio of the laser emitting unit LD and the current of the laser receiving unit PD, and the relation can be maintained in a larger temperature range; for the optical module, it is only necessary to keep the laser receiving unit PD at data "1"Current of time Im1Current I with data "0m0The ratio of (A) is stable, namely the requirement of stabilizing extinction ratio can be met, namely:
therefore, the invention provides an optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system, which completes the automatic adjustment of the extinction ratio of the optical module through closed-loop control, realizes the temperature compensation of the optical module, and can ensure that the optical module normally works in the temperature range of-40-85 ℃.
As shown in FIG. 1, during operation, the MCU algorithm center 36 will preset a voltage reference value VREFSent to an APC control center 1, the APC control center 1 based on a voltage reference value VREFThe bias current generation module 2 is controlled to generate a corresponding bias current, meanwhile, the MCU algorithm center 36 also controls the modulation current generation module 37 to generate a corresponding modulation current according to the value of the preset extinction ratio Ex0, and the bias current and the modulation current act together to operate the laser emitting unit LD.
As shown in fig. 2, in the working process of the optical module 4, the temperature may change, so that the optical power and the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4 change, and at this time, the output optical power and the extinction ratio of the optical module 4 are automatically adjusted according to the following steps:
step S101, the laser emitting unit LD emits a corresponding optical signal according to the values of the bias current generated by the bias current generating module 2 and the modulation current generated by the modulation current generating module 37.
Step S102, the laser receiving unit PD generates a current having a linear relationship with the optical power and the extinction ratio of the optical signal, and outputs the current to the current mirror 31 and the ac coupling unit 33, respectively, and then, step S103 and step S103' are performed simultaneously.
Step S103, the current mirror 31, etc. copies the current output from the laser receiving unit PD in equal proportion and sends it to the dc coupling unit 32, the dc coupling unit 32 extracts the dc component in the current and sends it to the "1" level detecting unit 34, the "0" level detecting unit 35, and the APC control center 1, and then step S104 and step S105 are executed simultaneously.
Step S104, the APC control center 1 compares the DC component from the DC coupling unit 32 with the voltage reference value VREFAnd comparing, adjusting the bias current generated by the bias current generation module 2 according to the comparison result, returning to the step S101, and adjusting the output optical power of the optical module 4 to form closed-loop control of the output optical power of the optical module 4, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the output optical power of the optical module 4.
For example, the DC component is greater than the voltage reference value VREFIn the meantime, the APC control center 1 causes the bias current generation module 2 to reduce the generated bias current, thereby reducing the optical power output from the laser emission unit LD; the DC component being less than the voltage reference value VREFIn the meantime, the APC control center 1 causes the bias current generation module 2 to increase the generated bias current, thereby increasing the optical power output from the laser emission unit LD until the dc component and the voltage reference value V sent from the dc coupling unit 32REFAre equal.
In step S103', the ac coupling unit 33 extracts an ac component in the current output from the laser receiving unit PD, and sends the ac component to the "1" level detecting unit 34 and the "0" level detecting unit 35, respectively.
Step S105, the "1" level detection unit 34 detects a level value corresponding to the data "1" according to the input dc component and ac component, and sends the level value to the MCU algorithm center 36; the "0" level detection unit 35 detects a level value corresponding to the data "0" from the input dc component and ac component, and sends the level value to the MCU algorithm center 36.
Step S106, MCU algorithm center 36 samples level value V corresponding to data "1m1Level value V corresponding to data "0m0And calculating the current output extinction ratio according to the following formula:
step S107, calculating the obtained output extinction ratio Ex1With a predetermined extinction ratio Ex0And comparing, adjusting the modulation current generated by the modulation current generation module 37 according to the comparison result, and then returning to the step S101 to adjust the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4 to form closed-loop control of the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4.
E.g. Ex1>Ex0During the process, the MCU algorithm center 36 controls the modulation current generation module 37 to reduce the generated modulation current, so as to reduce the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4; ex1<Ex0During the operation, the MCU algorithm center 36 controls the modulation current generation module 37 to increase the generated modulation current, so as to increase the output extinction ratio of the optical module 4 until Ex1＝Ex0。
Based on theories such as closed-loop control, current replication and data level detection, the output extinction ratio of the optical module is calculated by collecting the levels of data 1 and data 0 in an optical signal output by the optical module, the calculated extinction ratio is compared with a preset extinction ratio, and the output extinction ratio of the optical module is adjusted according to the comparison result; the temperature compensation of the optical module can be realized without collecting the ambient temperature, and the method is also suitable for the optical module with poor consistency, so that the utilization rate and the yield of the optical module are improved.
The undescribed parts of the present invention are consistent with the prior art, and are not described herein.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures made by using the contents of the present specification and the drawings can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An optical module extinction ratio closed-loop control system, wherein an optical module (4) comprises a laser emitting unit LD and a laser receiving unit PD, characterized in that: the control system comprises an APC control center (1), a bias current generation module (2) and an extinction ratio automatic adjustment module (3); the APC control center (1) is electrically connected with the input end of the bias current generation module (2), and the output end of the bias current generation module (2) is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD; the input end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module (3) is electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, and the output end of the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD; the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module (3) is used for detecting level values corresponding to data '1' and data '0' in the output current of the laser receiving unit PD, so that the output extinction ratio of the optical module (4) is calculated, the calculated extinction ratio is compared with a preset extinction ratio, and the output extinction ratio of the optical module (4) is adjusted according to the comparison result;
the extinction ratio automatic adjusting module (3) comprises a direct current coupling unit (32), an alternating current coupling unit (33), a '1' level detecting unit (34), a '0' level detecting unit (35), an MCU algorithm center (36) and a modulation current generating module (37); the input ends of the direct current coupling unit (32) and the alternating current coupling unit (33) are electrically connected with the laser receiving unit PD, the output end of the direct current coupling unit (32) is electrically connected with the direct current input end of the '1' level detection unit (34) and the direct current input end of the '0' level detection unit (35), the output end of the alternating current coupling unit (33) is electrically connected with the alternating current input end of the '1' level detection unit (34) and the alternating current input end of the '0' level detection unit (35), and the output ends of the '1' level detection unit (34) and the '0' level detection unit (35) are electrically connected with the MCU algorithm center (36); the MCU algorithm center (36) is electrically connected with the input end of the modulation current generation module (37), and the output end of the modulation current generation module (37) is electrically connected with the laser emission unit LD;
the extinction ratio automatic adjustment module (3) further comprises a current mirror (31), and the input end of the alternating current coupling unit (33) is electrically connected with the laser emitting unit LD through the current mirror (31).
2. The closed-loop control system for the extinction ratio of an optical module of claim 1, wherein: the direct current coupling unit (32) and the MCU algorithm center (36) are electrically connected with the APC control center (1); the APC control center (1) According to a voltage reference value V sent by an MCU algorithm center (36)REFControlling the bias current generation module (2) to generate bias current to make the laser emission unit LD work, and connecting the DC component from the DC coupling unit (32) with the voltage reference value VREFComparing, automatically adjusting the output optical power of the optical module (4) according to the comparison result until the direct current component sent by the direct current coupling unit (32) and the voltage reference value VREFAre equal.
3. The closed-loop control system for the extinction ratio of an optical module of claim 1, wherein: the MCU algorithm center (36) calculates the output extinction ratio of the optical module (4) according to the level value of the data '1' sent by the '1' level detection unit (34) and the level value of the data '0' sent by the '0' level detection unit (35), compares the output extinction ratio with the preset extinction ratio, and adjusts the modulation current generated by the modulation current generation module (37) according to the comparison result, thereby automatically adjusting the output extinction ratio of the optical module (4).
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