CN110911143A

CN110911143A - Voltage ratio adjustable transformer

Info

Publication number: CN110911143A
Application number: CN201911312166.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 焦岩
Original assignee: Xinchang Lingsi Transformer Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xinchang Lingsi Transformer Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-18
Filing date: 2019-12-18
Publication date: 2020-03-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage ratio adjustable transformer, which comprises a shell, wherein a cavity is arranged in the shell, a coil structure is arranged in the cavity, a fixed iron core and a rotating iron core are arranged in the coil structure, the fixed iron core is connected with the rotating iron core and forms a closed loop of a magnetic induction line, a primary winding wire is wound and connected at the left end of the fixed iron core, one end of the primary winding wire extends out of the shell and is connected with an external power supply, the invention does not need to disassemble the transformer and manually wind the winding wire on the iron core, only needs to manually control a manual wheel and wind the winding wire on the iron core through transmission, is convenient to operate and further can improve the working efficiency, and the scales on a glass dial are indicated through a pointer so as to reflect the number of turns wound of the winding wire and further reflect the voltage ratio of the transformer, and the positions of an interface and an electromagnetic telescopic head can be prompted through an indicator lamp, thereby ensuring that the circuit can be connected.

Description

Voltage ratio adjustable transformer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of transformers, in particular to a voltage ratio adjustable transformer.

Background

The transformer is a device for changing alternating voltage by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, and the main components are a primary winding coil, a secondary winding coil and an iron core, wherein the voltage ratio is the voltage ratio of two ends of the primary winding coil and the secondary winding coil, the voltage ratio is smaller than 1, the transformer is a step-up transformer, the voltage ratio is larger than 1, and the transformer is an isolation transformer, wherein the voltage ratio is equal to 1.

The transformer in daily life is widely applied, but different electrical appliances need different power supply voltages, the voltage ratio of the transformer needs to be adjusted at the moment, the transformer is generally disassembled and the turns of primary and secondary winding coils are manually wound, but the working efficiency is low and the coils are easily damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the present example designs a voltage ratio adjustable transformer, which comprises a housing, a cavity is arranged in the housing, a coil structure is arranged in the cavity, a fixed iron core and a rotating iron core are arranged in the coil structure, the fixed iron core is connected with the rotating iron core and forms a closed loop of a magnetic induction line, the left end of the fixed iron core is wound and connected with a primary winding lead, one end of the primary winding lead extends out of the housing and is connected with an external power supply, the other end of the primary winding lead is electrically connected with an electromagnetic telescopic head, the right end of the electromagnetic telescopic head is fixedly connected with a sliding winding wheel, the primary winding lead is wound on the sliding winding wheel, grooves are arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the cavity in a communicating manner, an L-shaped rod is arranged in the grooves in a sliding manner, and an interface is fixedly arranged in the right end, the interface with electric connection between the electromagnetism telescopic joint, interface left end electric connection has the input wire, the input wire left end extends to outside the casing and connects in external power supply, external power supply passes through the input wire the interface electromagnetism telescopic joint and the primary winding wire forms the closed circuit of electric current, fixed iron core right-hand member coiling is connected with the secondary winding wire, secondary winding wire both ends extend to outside the casing and connect in external power supply, be equipped with the transmission chamber in the cavity upside inner wall, the transmission chamber with be equipped with the regulation structure between the cavity, it is equipped with the integral key shaft to adjust the structure internal rotation, the integral key shaft upper end extends to outside the casing and has linked firmly the manual wheel, slip reel upper end has linked firmly the connecting rod, the connecting rod upper end connect in adjust the structure, L type pole right-hand member connect in adjust the structure, the upper end of the rotating iron core is fixedly connected with an insulating block, a connecting hole with an upward opening is formed in the insulating block, a connector is connected with the inner thread of the connecting hole, the upper end of the connector is rotatably connected with the spline shaft and slides downwards to drive the connector to slide downwards through the spline shaft, so that the insulating block is driven to rotate and further drive the rotating iron core to rotate, when the lower end of the manual wheel is abutted against the shell, the rotating iron core rotates ninety degrees, the manual wheel is rotated at the moment, the adjusting structure is driven through the spline shaft to further drive the L-shaped rod and the connecting rod to synchronously slide up and down, the connecting rod drives the sliding roller to rotate, so that the primary winding wire is wound at the left end of the fixed iron core, and the turn ratio of the primary winding wire and the secondary winding wire wound on the fixed iron core is adjusted, thereby adjusting the voltage ratio of the primary winding wire to the secondary winding wire. Preferably, a guide cavity is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity, a guide wheel is rotatably arranged in the guide cavity, and the primary winding wire is guided through the guide wheel.

Beneficially, fixed iron core sets firmly on the cavity downside inner wall, fixed iron core is the U type form, rotate the iron core and offset in fixed iron core upper end, when rotate the iron core and rotate ninety degrees after, rotate the iron core with fixed iron core breaks away from the contact, the slip reel can wind fixed iron core left end is rotated and will the primary winding wire is convoluteed on the fixed iron core.

Beneficially, the adjusting structure includes a driving gear rotatably disposed in the transmission cavity, the driving gear is splined to the spline shaft, the left end of the driving gear is engaged with an inner gear, a screw is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner gear, a guide hole is communicated between the transmission cavity and the cavity, a slide rod is slidably disposed between the guide hole and the cavity, a threaded hole with an upward opening is disposed in the slide rod, the lower end of the screw extends into the threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the slide rod, the right end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the slide rod, the lower end of the slide rod is rotatably connected with a slide gear, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotation center of the lower end of the slide gear, a fixed gear is engaged with the right end of the slide gear, and the fixed gear is splined to, the manual wheel is pressed downwards, the spline shaft drives the connector to descend, the insulating block and the rotating iron core are driven to rotate, when the manual wheel is abutted to the shell, the rotating iron core just rotates ninety degrees and is separated from contact with the fixed iron core, at the moment, the manual wheel is manually rotated, the spline shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, the inner meshing gear is driven to rotate, the sliding rod is driven to slide through the screw rod, the sliding gear is driven to slide, the connecting rod drives the sliding rolling wheel to slide, the sliding rod drives the L-shaped rod to slide, the interface is driven to slide, the interface and the electromagnetic expansion head are kept on the same horizontal plane, and the spline shaft drives the fixed gear to rotate, so that the sliding gear is driven to rotate, and then the connecting rod drives the sliding winding wheel to rotate, so that the sliding winding wheel rotates around the left end of the fixed iron core and winds the primary winding wire on the fixed iron core, the turn ratio of the primary winding wire to the secondary winding wire wound on the fixed iron core is adjusted, the voltage ratio of the primary winding wire to the secondary winding wire is adjusted, the manual wheel is pulled upwards after the adjustment is finished, the connector is driven to ascend through the spline shaft, and the insulation block is driven to rotate reversely with the rotating iron core and to be in contact with the fixed iron core again.

Preferably, an external gear is rotatably arranged in the transmission cavity, a meshing groove with a downward opening is formed in the external gear, the upper end of the glass dial extends into the meshing groove and is in meshing connection with the external gear, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the external gear, a circular groove with an upward opening is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the transmission cavity, the upper end of the connecting shaft extends into the circular groove and is fixedly connected with a pointer, the glass dial is fixedly arranged in the circular groove, scale values are engraved on the surface of the glass dial and used for displaying the number of turns of the primary winding wire wound on the fixed iron core, a limiting rod is fixedly connected between the lower end of the glass dial and the inner wall of the lower side of the circular groove and limits the rotation range of the pointer within one circle, so that the number of turns of the primary winding wire wound on the fixed iron core is limited, the manual wheel is rotated, the spline shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, the inner meshing gear is driven to rotate, the outer meshing gear is driven to rotate, the pointer is driven to rotate through the connecting shaft, the primary winding wire is wound around the fixed iron core for one circle, and the pointer rotates by a scale angle.

Preferably, the right end of the driving gear is engaged with a driven gear, the driven gear is rotatably provided with a cam at the upper side, a fixed shaft is fixedly connected between the cam and the driven gear, the upper end and the lower end of the fixed shaft are rotatably connected with the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the transmission cavity, the right end of the cam is abutted against a reciprocating slider, the right end of the reciprocating slider is fixedly connected with a control rod, a limiting groove with a right opening is formed in the inner wall at the right side of the transmission cavity in a communicating manner, the right end of the control rod penetrates through the limiting groove and extends out of the shell, a switch is fixedly arranged in the inner wall at the left side of the limiting groove, a prompting lamp is fixedly connected at the upper end of the shell and electrically connected with the switch, a reset spring is fixedly connected between the control rod and the inner wall of the, and then the driven gear is driven to rotate, the cam is driven to rotate through the fixed shaft, the reciprocating slide block is further pushed to slide, the control rod is further driven to slide, left-and-right reciprocating sliding between the reciprocating slide block and the control rod is realized under the elastic force action of the reset spring, when the reciprocating slide block and the control rod slide to a left limit position, the control rod contacts the switch, the prompt lamp is lightened at the moment, the electromagnetic telescopic head is shown to be right opposite to the interface at the moment, and the electromagnetic telescopic head can be connected with the interface at the moment.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the winding wire is wound on the iron core manually without disassembling the transformer, only the manual wheel is manually controlled and the winding wire is wound on the iron core through transmission, so that the operation is convenient, the working efficiency is improved, the scales on the glass dial are indicated by the pointer, the number of winding turns of the winding wire is further reflected, the voltage ratio of the transformer is further reflected, the positions of the interface and the electromagnetic telescopic head can be prompted by the indicator lamp, and the circuit can be ensured to be communicated.

Drawings

For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following specific examples and figures.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a voltage ratio adjustable transformer according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of "A" of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of "B" of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic view in the direction "C" of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to fig. 1-4, for ease of description, the orientations described below will now be defined as follows: the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions described below correspond to the up, down, left, right, and front-back directions in the projection relationship of fig. 1 itself.

The invention relates to a voltage ratio adjustable transformer, which comprises a shell 11, wherein a cavity 16 is arranged in the shell 11, a coil structure 100 is arranged in the cavity 16, a fixed iron core 14 and a rotating iron core 13 are arranged in the coil structure 100, the fixed iron core 14 is connected with the rotating iron core 13 to form a closed loop of a magnetic induction line, the left end of the fixed iron core 14 is wound and connected with a primary winding lead 19, one end of the primary winding lead 19 extends out of the shell 11 and is connected with an external power supply, the other end of the primary winding lead 19 is electrically connected with an electromagnetic telescopic head 44, the right end of the electromagnetic telescopic head 44 is fixedly connected with a sliding winding wheel 17, the primary winding lead 19 is wound on the sliding winding wheel 17, a groove 18 is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the cavity 16 in a communicating manner, an L-shaped rod 22 is arranged in the groove 18 in a sliding manner, and an interface 43, interface 43 with electric connection between the flexible head of electromagnetism 44, interface 43 left end electric connection has input wire 23, input wire 23 left end extends to casing 11 is outer and be connected in external power supply, and external power supply passes through input wire 23 interface 43 flexible head of electromagnetism 44 and primary winding wire 19 forms the closed circuit of electric current, fixed iron core 14 right-hand member coiling is connected with secondary winding wire 42, secondary winding wire 42 both ends extend to casing 11 is outer and be connected in external electrical appliances, be equipped with transmission chamber 50 in the inboard of cavity 16 upside, transmission chamber 50 with be equipped with regulation structure 101 between the cavity 16, the regulation structure 101 internal rotation is equipped with integral key shaft 35, integral key shaft 35 upper end extends to casing 11 is outer and has linked firmly manual wheel 34, slip reel 17 upper end has linked firmly connecting rod 20, the upper end of the connecting rod 20 is connected with the adjusting structure 101, the right end of the L-shaped rod 22 is connected with the adjusting structure 101, the upper end of the rotary iron core 13 is fixedly connected with an insulating block 12, a connecting hole 41 with an upward opening is formed in the insulating block 12, a connector 40 is connected with the inner thread of the connecting hole 41, the upper end of the connector 40 is rotatably connected with the spline shaft 35 and slides down the spline shaft 34, the spline shaft 35 drives the connector 40 to slide down, the insulating block 12 is driven to rotate, the rotary iron core 13 is driven to rotate, when the lower end of the manual wheel 34 is supported on the shell 11, the rotary iron core 13 rotates ninety degrees, the manual wheel 34 is rotated at the moment, the adjusting structure 101 is driven by the spline shaft 35, the L-shaped rod 22 and the connecting rod 20 are driven to synchronously slide up and down, and the sliding rolling wheel 17 is driven to rotate by the connecting rod, further, the primary winding wire 19 is wound around the left end of the fixed core 14, and the ratio of the number of turns of the primary winding wire 19 and the secondary winding wire 42 wound around the fixed core 14 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the voltage ratio of the primary winding wire 19 and the secondary winding wire 42.

Advantageously, a guide cavity 25 is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity 16, a guide wheel 24 is rotatably arranged in the guide cavity 25, and the primary winding lead 19 is guided by the guide wheel 24.

According to an embodiment, the coil structure 100 will be described in detail below, the fixed core 14 is fixed on the inner wall of the lower side of the cavity 16, the fixed core 14 is U-shaped, the rotary core 13 abuts against the upper end of the fixed core 14, when the rotary core 13 rotates ninety degrees, the rotary core 13 is out of contact with the fixed core 14, and at this time, the sliding winding wheel 17 can rotate around the left end of the fixed core 14 and wind the primary winding wire 19 on the fixed core 14.

According to the embodiment, the adjusting structure 101 is described in detail below, the adjusting structure 101 includes a driving gear 47 rotatably disposed in the transmission cavity 50, the driving gear 47 is splined to the spline shaft 35, a ring gear 33 is disposed at the left end of the driving gear 47 in a meshed manner, a screw 37 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ring gear 33, a guide hole 36 is disposed between the transmission cavity 50 and the cavity 16 in a communicated manner, a sliding rod 38 is slidably disposed between the guide hole 36 and the cavity 16, a threaded hole 21 with an upward opening is disposed in the sliding rod 38, the lower end of the screw 37 extends into the threaded hole 21 and is in threaded connection with the sliding rod 38, the right end of the L-shaped rod 22 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 38, a sliding gear 15 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the sliding rod 38, the upper end of the connecting rod 20 is fixedly connected to the rotation center of the lower end, the right end of the sliding gear 15 is engaged with a fixed gear 39, the fixed gear 39 is splined to the spline shaft 35, the manual wheel 34 is pressed downwards, the spline shaft 35 drives the connector 40 to descend, and then drives the insulation block 12 and the rotary iron core 13 to rotate, when the manual wheel 34 is supported on the housing 11, the rotary iron core 13 just rotates ninety degrees and is separated from the fixed iron core 14, at this time, the manual wheel 34 is manually rotated, and then the spline shaft 35 drives the driving gear 47 to rotate, and then drives the internal gear 33 to rotate, and then the screw 37 drives the sliding rod 38 to slide, and then drives the sliding gear 15 to slide, and then the connecting rod 20 drives the sliding reel 17 to slide while the sliding rod 38 drives the L-shaped rod 22 to slide, thereby driving the interface 43 to slide, further keeping the interface 43 and the electromagnetic telescopic head 44 on the same horizontal plane, and simultaneously the spline shaft 35 drives the fixed gear 39 to rotate, thereby driving the sliding gear 15 to rotate, and further driving the sliding roller 17 to rotate through the connecting rod 20, thereby rotating the sliding reel 17 around the left end of the fixed core 14 and winding the primary winding wire 19 around the fixed core 14, thereby adjusting the turn ratio of the primary winding wire 19 to the secondary winding wire 42 wound on the fixed core 14, further adjusting the voltage ratio of the primary winding wire 19 and the secondary winding wire 42, pulling up the hand wheel 34 after the adjustment is finished, and then the spline shaft 35 drives the connector 40 to ascend, so as to drive the insulation block 12 to reversely rotate with the rotating iron core 13 and to be in contact with the fixed iron core 14 again.

Beneficially, an external gear 27 is rotatably arranged in the transmission cavity 50, an engaging groove 26 with a downward opening is arranged in the external gear 27, the upper end of the glass dial 30 extends into the engaging groove 26 and is in engagement connection with the external gear 27, the upper end of the external gear 27 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 29, a circular groove 31 with an upward opening is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the transmission cavity 50, the upper end of the connecting shaft 29 extends into the circular groove 31 and is fixedly connected with a pointer 28, the glass dial 30 is fixedly arranged in the circular groove 31, the surface of the glass dial 30 is carved with scale values for displaying the number of turns of the primary winding lead 19 wound on the fixed iron core 14, a limiting rod 32 is fixedly connected between the lower end of the glass dial 30 and the inner wall of the lower side of the circular groove 31, and the limiting rod 32 limits the rotation range of the pointer 28 within one circle, and further limiting the number range of turns of the primary winding wire 19 wound on the fixed iron core 14, rotating the manual wheel 34, further driving the driving gear 47 to rotate through the spline shaft 35, further driving the internal gear 33 to rotate, further driving the external gear 27 to rotate, further driving the pointer 28 to rotate through the connecting shaft 29, wherein the primary winding wire 19 is wound on the fixed iron core 14 for one turn, and the pointer 28 rotates by a scale angle.

Beneficially, driven gear 48 is arranged at the right end of driving gear 47 in a meshed manner, cam 46 is arranged on driven gear 48 in a rotating manner, fixed shaft 49 is fixedly connected between cam 46 and driven gear 48, the upper end and the lower end of fixed shaft 49 are connected with the inner walls of the upper side and the lower side of transmission cavity 50 in a rotating manner, reciprocating slide block 55 is arranged at the right end of cam 46 in a propping manner, control rod 52 is fixedly connected to the right end of reciprocating slide block 55, limiting groove 54 with right opening is arranged in the inner wall of the right side of transmission cavity 50 in a communicating manner, the right end of control rod 52 penetrates through limiting groove 54 and extends out of shell 11, switch 53 is fixedly arranged in the inner wall of the left side of limiting groove 54, prompting lamp 45 is fixedly connected to the upper end of shell 11, prompting lamp 45 is electrically connected to switch 53, and reset spring 51 is fixedly connected between control rod 52, rotate manual wheel 34, and then pass through spline shaft 35 drives driving gear 47 rotates, and then drives driven gear 48 rotates, and then passes through fixed axle 49 drives cam 46 rotates, and then promotes reciprocal slider 55 slides, and then drives control lever 52 slides, and realize under reset spring 51's the effect of elasticity reciprocal slider 55 with control lever 52 reciprocates and slides about, works as reciprocal slider 55 with control lever 52 slides when left extreme position, control lever 52 contact switch 53 lights at this moment warning light 45, indicates this moment electromagnetism telescopic head 44 just right to interface 43, this moment electromagnetism telescopic head 44 can with interface 43 connects.

The following detailed description of the steps of using a voltage ratio adjustable transformer in this document is provided with reference to fig. 1 to 4:

initially, the L-shaped rod 22 and the sliding winding wheel 17 are located at the lower limit position, the telescopic electromagnetic head 44 is right opposite to the interface 43, the rotating iron core 13 is in contact with the fixed iron core 14, the number of turns of the primary winding wire 19 wound on the fixed iron core 14 is the minimum value, the number of turns of the secondary winding wire 42 wound on the fixed iron core 14 is the constant value, the voltage between the primary winding wire 19 and the secondary winding wire 42 is increased, the pointer 28 abuts against the limit rod 32, and the control rod 52 contacts the switch 53 and lights the indicator lamp 45.

When the voltage ratio between the primary winding wire 19 and the secondary winding wire 42 needs to be adjusted, the manual wheel 34 is pressed down, the spline shaft 35 drives the connector 40 to descend, the insulation block 12 and the rotary iron core 13 are driven to rotate, when the manual wheel 34 is abutted against the shell 11, the rotary iron core 13 just rotates ninety degrees and is separated from the fixed iron core 14, at the moment, the manual wheel 34 is manually rotated, the spline shaft 35 drives the driving gear 47 to rotate, the inner meshing gear 33 to rotate, the screw 37 drives the sliding rod 38 to slide, the sliding gear 15 is driven to slide, the connecting rod 20 drives the sliding winding wheel 17 to slide, the sliding rod 38 drives the L-shaped rod 22 to slide, the interface 43 is driven to slide, the interface 43 and the electromagnetic expansion head 44 are kept on the same horizontal plane, and the spline shaft 35 drives the fixed gear 39 to rotate, and the sliding gear 15 is driven to rotate, the sliding winding wheel 17 is driven to rotate through the connecting rod 20, so that the sliding winding wheel 17 rotates around the left end of the fixed iron core 14, the primary winding lead 19 is wound on the fixed iron core 14, the turn ratio of the primary winding lead 19 to the secondary winding lead 42 wound on the fixed iron core 14 is adjusted, and the voltage ratio of the primary winding lead 19 to the secondary winding lead 42 is adjusted.

When the manual wheel 34 is rotated, the spline shaft 35 drives the driving gear 47 to rotate, so that the internal gear 33 is driven to rotate, the external gear 27 is driven to rotate, the pointer 28 is driven to rotate through the connecting shaft 29, the primary winding wire 19 is wound around the fixed iron core 14 for one circle, the pointer 28 rotates by a scale angle, and the number of turns of the primary winding wire 19 wound on the fixed iron core 14 can be reflected in real time.

When the manual wheel 34 is rotated, the driving gear 47 is driven to rotate through the spline shaft 35, and then the driven gear 48 is driven to rotate, and then the cam 46 is driven to rotate through the fixed shaft 49, and then the reciprocating slider 55 is pushed to slide, and then the control rod 52 is driven to slide, and left-right reciprocating sliding of the reciprocating slider 55 and the control rod 52 is realized under the elastic action of the return spring 51, when the reciprocating slider 55 and the control rod 52 slide to a left limit position, the control rod 52 contacts the switch 53, the indicator lamp 45 is turned on at the moment, and at the moment, it is shown that the electromagnetic telescopic head 44 is right opposite to the interface 43, and at the moment, the electromagnetic telescopic head 44 can.

After the number of turns of the primary winding wire 19 wound on the fixed iron core 14 is adjusted to a proper value, the hand wheel 34 is pulled upwards, the spline shaft 35 drives the connector 40 to ascend, the insulation block 12 and the rotating iron core 13 are driven to rotate reversely and to be in contact with the fixed iron core 14 again, the electromagnetic telescopic head 44 is electrified at the moment and extends out and is connected with the interface 43, the primary winding wire 19 and the input wire 23 are connected with an external power supply at the moment, the secondary winding wire 42 is connected with the external power supply, the power supply voltage can be transformed and then supplied to the electric appliance for use, and before the voltage ratio is adjusted, the primary winding wire 19 and the input wire 23 are disconnected from the power supply.

In the above manner, a person skilled in the art can make various changes depending on the operation mode within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer comprises a shell, and is characterized in that: a cavity is arranged in the shell, a coil structure is arranged in the cavity, a fixed iron core and a rotating iron core are arranged in the coil structure, and the fixed iron core is connected with the rotating iron core to form a closed loop of a magnetic induction line; the left end of the fixed iron core is connected with a primary winding lead in a winding way, one end of the primary winding lead extends out of the shell and is connected with an external power supply, the other end of the primary winding lead is electrically connected with an electromagnetic telescopic head, the right end of the electromagnetic telescopic head is fixedly connected with a sliding winding wheel, the primary winding wire is wound on the sliding winding wheel, a groove is arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the cavity in a communicated manner, an L-shaped rod is arranged in the groove in a sliding manner, an interface is fixedly arranged in the right end face of the L-shaped rod, the interface is electrically connected with the electromagnetic telescopic head, the left end of the interface is electrically connected with an input lead, the left end of the input lead extends out of the shell and is connected with an external power supply, and the external power supply forms a closed loop of current through the input lead, the interface, the electromagnetic telescopic head and the primary winding lead; a secondary winding wire is wound and connected to the right end of the fixed iron core, and two ends of the secondary winding wire extend out of the shell and are connected to an external electric appliance; a transmission cavity is arranged in the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity, an adjusting structure is arranged between the transmission cavity and the cavity, a spline shaft is rotatably arranged in the adjusting structure, the upper end of the spline shaft extends out of the shell and is fixedly connected with a manual wheel, the upper end of the sliding rolling wheel is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected to the adjusting structure, and the right end of the L-shaped rod is connected to the adjusting structure; the iron core upper end has linked firmly the collets, be equipped with the ascending connecting hole of opening in the collets, connecting hole female connection has the connector, the connector upper end rotate connect in the integral key shaft.

2. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the upper side of the cavity is internally provided with a guide cavity, a guide wheel is rotatably arranged in the guide cavity, and the primary winding wire is guided through the guide wheel.

3. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed iron core is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the lower side of the cavity and is U-shaped, and the rotating iron core abuts against the upper end of the fixed iron core.

4. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the adjusting structure comprises a driving gear which is rotatably arranged in the transmission cavity, the driving gear is connected with the spline shaft in a spline mode, the left end of the driving gear is meshed with an inner meshing gear, and the lower end of the inner meshing gear is fixedly connected with a screw rod; a guide hole is communicated between the transmission cavity and the cavity, a sliding rod is arranged between the guide hole and the cavity in a sliding manner, a threaded hole with an upward opening is formed in the sliding rod, the lower end of the screw rod extends into the threaded hole and is in threaded connection with the sliding rod, and the right end of the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected with the sliding rod; the lower end of the sliding rod is rotatably connected with a sliding gear, the upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the rotating center of the lower end of the sliding gear, the right end of the sliding gear is meshed with a fixed gear, and the fixed gear is connected to the spline shaft through a spline.

5. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer as claimed in claim 4, characterized by: an external gear is rotatably arranged in the transmission cavity, a meshing groove with a downward opening is formed in the external gear, the upper end of the glass dial extends into the meshing groove and is in meshed connection with the external gear, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the external gear, a circular groove with an upward opening is formed in the inner wall of the upper side of the transmission cavity, and the upper end of the connecting shaft extends into the circular groove and is fixedly connected with a pointer; the glass calibrated scale is fixedly arranged in the circular groove, scale values are carved on the surface of the glass calibrated scale, and a limiting rod is fixedly connected between the lower end of the glass calibrated scale and the inner wall of the lower side of the circular groove.

6. A voltage ratio adjustable transformer as claimed in claim 4, characterized by: a driven gear is arranged at the right end of the driving gear in a meshed mode, a cam is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the driven gear, a fixed shaft is fixedly connected between the cam and the driven gear, and the upper end and the lower end of the fixed shaft are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the upper side and the lower side of the transmission cavity; a reciprocating slide block is abutted against the right end of the cam, a control rod is fixedly connected to the right end of the reciprocating slide block, a limiting groove with a rightward opening is formed in the inner wall of the right side of the transmission cavity in a communicating mode, and the right end of the control rod penetrates through the limiting groove and extends out of the shell; a switch is fixedly arranged in the inner wall of the left side of the limiting groove, the upper end of the shell is fixedly connected with a prompting lamp, and the prompting lamp is electrically connected with the switch; and a return spring is fixedly connected between the control rod and the inner wall of the limit groove.