CN110908040B - Multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device and method based on reflector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and discloses a multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device and method based on a reflector, which comprises a lens, a reflector component and an optical fiber collimator component, wherein outgoing beams of a multi-core optical fiber are expanded and collimated through the lens, the propagation direction of the beams is changed through the reflector component, the distances among the outgoing beams of different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber are pulled apart, the outgoing beams from the different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber are respectively received through a plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators included in the optical fiber collimator component and are coupled to the plurality of single-core optical fibers, and the space division demultiplexing function is realized; after the emergent light beams of the single-core optical fibers respectively pass through the corresponding single-core optical fiber collimators, the transmission direction of the light beams is changed through the reflector assembly, and the light beams are focused through the lens and coupled to the multi-core optical fibers, so that the space division multiplexing function is realized. The invention solves the problem of higher cost of space division multiplexing/demultiplexing coupling packaging in the prior art.

Description

Device and method for multiplexing and demultiplexing of multi-core optical fibers based on mirrors

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of optical communication, and in particular, to an apparatus and method for multiplexing and demultiplexing of multi-core optical fibers based on mirrors.

Background technique

At present, the communication capacity of single-core fiber is getting closer and closer to its theoretical nonlinear Shannon limit. Facing the upcoming crisis of fiber transmission capacity, the space division multiplexing technology using multi-core fiber for signal transmission has become a research hotspot.

The space division multiplexer/demultiplexer is a key optical device in space division multiplexing technology. Its function is to couple the optical signal in the single-core fiber into each core of the multi-core fiber, and to transfer the multi-core fiber after transmission. The signals in the fiber are demultiplexed into the corresponding single-core fiber.

At present, the commonly used space division multiplexing/demultiplexing methods include taper method, lens coupling method, fiber bundle method and polymer waveguide coupling method. The fusion taper method is to insert a single-core fiber into a customized capillary, and then taper until the core spacing is equal to the core spacing of the multi-core fiber, then truncate, and finally spliced with the multi-core fiber. The lens coupling method uses a focusing lens to expand the light in each core of the multi-core fiber, then uses a diamond prism to change the optical path, and finally uses a collimator to focus each beam into the single-core fiber before the single-core fiber. The etched fiber bundle method is to etch the single-core fiber cladding to the size of the multi-core fiber core spacing, and then insert it into the capillary according to the shape of the multi-core fiber core, and then insert the capillary into the adhesive solution. The mixture is sucked into the capillary gap to fix the corroded fiber, and then the corroded fiber bundle and the multi-core fiber are spliced. Femtosecond laser direct writing technology creates a waveguide structure that confines the optical field by changing the refractive index distribution of the written region in the polymer.

These methods have their own shortcomings. The fiber bundle method is difficult to control its parameters; the taper method is not only difficult to control the parameters, but also the process is complicated; the polymer waveguide method is complicated in process and has a large loss; and the lens coupling method is difficult to expand and integrate. .

All of the above methods have the problem that the cost of coupling and packaging is high and cannot be widely used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments of the present application solve the problem of high cost of coupling and packaging of space division multiplexing/demultiplexing in the prior art by providing an apparatus and method for multiplexing and demultiplexing of multi-core optical fibers based on a mirror.

Embodiments of the present application provide a mirror-based device for multiplexing and demultiplexing multi-core optical fibers, including: a lens, a mirror assembly, and a fiber collimator assembly;

The mirror assembly is located on the optical path between the lens and the fiber collimator assembly; the fiber collimator assembly includes a plurality of single-core fiber collimators, and the number of the single-core fiber collimators The same as the number of cores of the multi-core fiber; each of the single-core fiber collimators is coupled and aligned with a single-core fiber;

When realizing the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing, the lens is used to expand and collimate the outgoing light beam of the multi-core fiber; the mirror assembly is used to change the propagation direction of the light beam and pull apart the multi-core fiber distance between outgoing beams of different cores; a plurality of the single-core optical fiber collimators are used to respectively receive outgoing beams from different cores of the multi-core optical fiber, and couple to a plurality of the single-core optical fibers;

When the space division multiplexing function is realized, a plurality of the single-core optical fiber collimators are used to respectively receive the outgoing light beams from the plurality of the single-core optical fibers, and transmit them to the mirror assembly; the mirror assembly is used to change the the propagation direction of the light beam, and shorten the distance between the multiple outgoing light beams; the lens is used for focusing the outgoing light beams and coupling to the multi-core optical fiber.

Preferably, the mirror assembly includes: a first mirror array;

The first mirror array includes a plurality of mirrors, and the number of the mirrors is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber.

Preferably, the mirror assembly includes: a first mirror array and a second mirror array;

The number of mirrors in the first mirror array is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber, and the number of mirrors in the second mirror array is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber;

When the space demultiplexing function is realized, the first mirror array is used to reflect the light beam to the second mirror array, and the second mirror array is used to reflect the light beam to the fiber collimator assembly, The first reflector array and the second reflector array are orthogonal, and the first reflector array and the second reflector array perform beam separation in two mutually perpendicular directions.

Preferably, the lens is a convex lens, and the outgoing and incident end faces of the multi-core optical fiber are located at the focal plane of the convex lens.

Preferably, the reflector is a plane reflector or a prism.

Preferably, the distances between the plurality of mirrors in the first mirror array and the lens are different, the distances between adjacent mirrors are the same, and the angle between the reflection surface of the mirrors and the outgoing light beam is 45°.

Preferably, the first mirror array is arranged in a staircase shape, and the second mirror array is arranged in a staircase shape.

The embodiment of the present application provides a method for multiplexing and demultiplexing a multi-core fiber based on a mirror. The outgoing beam of the multi-core fiber is expanded and collimated by a lens, the propagation direction of the beam is changed by a mirror component, and the beam is drawn. open the distance between the outgoing beams of different cores of the multi-core optical fiber, and respectively receive outgoing beams from different cores of the multi-core optical fiber through a plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators included in the optical fiber collimator assembly, And coupled to multiple single-core fibers to achieve space demultiplexing function;

After the outgoing beams of the multiple single-core optical fibers pass through the corresponding multiple single-core optical fiber collimators, the propagation direction of the beams is changed by the mirror assembly, and is focused by the lens and coupled to the multi-core optical fiber to realize Space division multiplexing function.

Preferably, when the space demultiplexing and multiplexing function is realized, the outgoing light beam is dispersed by the first mirror array in the mirror assembly.

Preferably, when the space demultiplexing and multiplexing function is realized, the first reflector array in the reflector assembly is used to first disperse the outgoing light beam in the first direction, and the light beam is reflected to the reflector assembly in the reflector assembly. a second mirror array; the second reflector array is used to disperse the outgoing light beam in a second direction for a second time, and reflect the light beam to the optical fiber collimator assembly.

One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

In the embodiment of the present application, the outgoing beam of the multi-core fiber is expanded and collimated by the lens, the propagation direction of the beam is changed by the mirror assembly, and the distance between the outgoing beams of the different cores of the multi-core fiber is widened. The distance from the optical fiber collimator assembly to receive the outgoing beams from different cores of the multi-core optical fiber through the multiple single-core optical fiber collimators included in the optical fiber collimator assembly, and couple to multiple single-core optical fibers to realize the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing; After the outgoing beams of the multiple single-core fibers pass through the corresponding multiple single-core fiber collimators, the beam propagation direction is changed by the mirror assembly, and the beams are focused by the lens and coupled to the multi-core fiber to realize space division multiplexing. Function. Since the present invention only needs a simple lens, a mirror and a common collimator technology, the present invention has a simple processing and assembly process and low cost.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the technical solutions in this embodiment more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are an embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the multiplexing/demultiplexing of dual-core fiber and single-core fiber;

2 is a cross-sectional core arrangement diagram of a three-core optical fiber to which a mirror-based multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is applicable;

3 is a schematic diagram of a mirror-based device for multiplexing and demultiplexing multi-core fibers provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a cross-sectional core arrangement diagram of a twelve-core optical fiber suitable for a mirror-based multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

5 is a direct view of a mirror-based multi-core fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

6 is a front view of a mirror-based multi-core fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a right side view of an apparatus for multiplexing and demultiplexing a multi-core fiber based on a mirror provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Among them, 1-dual-core fiber, 2-lens, 3-single-core fiber collimator, 4-single-core fiber, 5-cladding, 6-core, 7-triple-core fiber, 8-reflector, 9- Twelve-core fiber, 10-first mirror array, 11-second mirror array, 12-first fiber core, 13-second fiber core.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 shows the principle of multiplexing/demultiplexing between dual-core fiber and single-core fiber. At the front focal plane of the lens 2, the outgoing beam from the fiber core is collimated by the lens 2 into two parallel beams with an included angle of θ, which are respectively coupled into the single-core fiber 4 through the single-core fiber collimator 3 after propagating for a certain distance. The angle θ of the parallel beams satisfies the following formula:

Among them, d is the distance between adjacent cores of the dual-core fiber, and f is the focal length of the lens.

However, this lens- and collimator-based multi-core fiber multiplexer/demultiplexer has a serious disadvantage, which is that the device is bulky due to the too small θ angle. For example, set the fiber core spacing d to be 45um and the lens focal length f to be 2mm, and calculate θ=0.0225rad. Adjacent beams need to be separated by D to have enough space for the collimator adjustment operation. Set D=10mm, then the lens to fiber collimator The distance of the straightener is L=444mm, plus the multi-core fiber and the collimator, etc., the length of the multiplexer/demultiplexer will reach as much as 0.5 meters, which brings difficulties to the integration and application of the multi-core fiber.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a mirror-based device and method for multiplexing and demultiplexing of multi-core fibers, which are used for coupling of multi-core fibers and single-core fibers.

The invention provides a mirror-based multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device, comprising: a lens, a mirror assembly, and an optical fiber collimator assembly. The mirror assembly is located on the optical path between the lens and the fiber collimator assembly; the fiber collimator assembly includes a plurality of single-core fiber collimators, and the number of the single-core fiber collimators The same as the number of cores of a multi-core fiber; each of the single-core fiber collimators is coupled and aligned with one single-core fiber.

When realizing the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing, the lens is used to expand and collimate the outgoing light beam of the multi-core fiber; the mirror assembly is used to change the propagation direction of the light beam and pull apart the multi-core fiber The distance between the outgoing beams of different cores; a plurality of the single-core fiber collimators are used to respectively receive the outgoing beams from different cores of the multi-core fiber, and couple to the plurality of the single-core fibers.

When the space division multiplexing function is realized, a plurality of the single-core optical fiber collimators are used to respectively receive the outgoing light beams from the plurality of the single-core optical fibers, and transmit them to the mirror assembly; the mirror assembly is used to change the the propagation direction of the light beam, and shorten the distance between the multiple outgoing light beams; the lens is used for focusing the outgoing light beams and coupling to the multi-core optical fiber.

The technical solutions adopted in the present invention include but are not limited to the following two: the first solution is a space division multiplexing/demultiplexing device based on a single group of mirror arrays, and the second solution is a space division multiplexing device based on two groups of orthogonal mirror arrays / Demultiplexing device. Scheme 1 is suitable for the case where the number of multi-core fiber cores is small (generally less than or equal to six), and scheme 2 is suitable for the case where the number of multi-core fiber cores is greater than six, which will be described separately below.

Scheme 1: A space division multiplexing/demultiplexing device based on a single mirror array.

The device includes a lens, a mirror array (referred to as the first mirror array), and a group of single-core fiber collimators. The reflector is a plane reflector or a prism.

In a preferred solution, the distances between the plurality of mirrors in the first mirror array and the lens are different, the distances between adjacent mirrors are the same, and the angle between the reflection surface of the mirrors and the outgoing beam is 45° .

Wherein, the lens is a convex lens, which is used for beam expansion and collimation of the outgoing beam of the multi-core optical fiber; the outgoing and incident end face of the multi-core optical fiber is located at the focal plane of the convex lens. The first reflecting mirror array includes a plurality of reflecting mirrors, and the number of the reflecting mirrors is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber; the reflecting mirrors may be plane reflecting mirrors or prisms. The first reflecting mirror array is used for refraction of the optical path, and the distance of the outgoing beams from different fiber cores is widened in the propagation direction of the light, so as to facilitate the reception of the single-core fiber collimator. The single-core optical fiber collimator receives light beams emitted from different multi-core optical fiber cores respectively at a certain position away from the mirror, and is coupled to the single-core optical fiber to realize the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing.

The above-mentioned optical path is completely reversible, so the technical method provided by the present invention can complete the multiplexing/demultiplexing function of the multi-core optical fiber.

Scheme 2: A space division multiplexing/demultiplexing device based on two sets of orthogonal mirror arrays.

The device includes: a lens, a first reflecting mirror array, a second reflecting mirror array, and a group of single-core optical fiber collimators. The reflector is a plane reflector or a prism.

In a specific structure, the first reflecting mirror array is arranged in a stepped shape, and the second reflecting mirror array is a stepped arrangement of the reflecting mirrors.

Wherein, the outgoing end face of the multi-core optical fiber is located at the focal plane of the lens; the lens is a convex lens, and collimates different outgoing light from the multi-core optical fiber into parallel beams with a certain angle therebetween. The number of mirrors in the first mirror array is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber, the angle between the reflection surface of the mirror and the parallel beam is about 45 degrees, and the first mirror array is used to convert the beam. Reflecting to the second mirror array perpendicular to the propagation direction, the first separation of parallel beams is achieved in the propagation direction of the light. The number of mirrors in the second mirror array is the same as the number of cores of the multi-core optical fiber, and the second mirror array is used to reflect the light beam to the fiber collimator assembly. A second separation of parallel beams is achieved in the direction. That is, the first reflector array and the second reflector array are orthogonal, and the first reflector array and the second reflector array perform beam separation in two mutually perpendicular directions. The single-core optical fiber collimator receives light beams emitted from different multi-core optical fiber cores respectively at a certain position away from the mirror, and is coupled to the single-core optical fiber to realize the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing.

The above-mentioned optical path is completely reversible, so the technical method provided by the present invention can complete the multiplexing/demultiplexing function of the multi-core optical fiber.

In order to better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

The first solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 2 and 3 and the specific embodiment 1.

The cross-section of the three-core optical fiber used in Example 1 is shown in FIG. 2 , including a cladding 5 and a core 6 . The diameter of the core 6 is R, and the spacing between adjacent cores is d.

Referring to FIG. 3 , Embodiment 1 provides a mirror-based device for multiplexing and demultiplexing a multi-core fiber, including a lens 2 , three mirrors 8 and three single-core fiber collimators 3 .

The outgoing end face of the three-core optical fiber 7 is located at the object-side focal plane of the lens 2. The outgoing beams from different cores are collimated by the lens 2 to form three parallel beams with a certain included angle, which are separated from each other after a certain distance. The mirrors 8 are respectively reflected to different single-core fiber collimators 3 , and finally coupled into the single-core fiber 4 .

Taking the center of the lens as the origin, taking the central axis perpendicular to the lens as the Z axis (the direction of the multi-core fiber's outgoing light is the positive direction), and taking the vertical upward direction as the Y axis, a spatial Cartesian coordinate system is established.

The numerical aperture of the optical fiber is NA=0.2, the focal length of the lens is 2mm, and the diameter of the collimated beam is 0.56mm. Different parallel beams can be separated from each other at a distance of 50mm from the lens. Spacing 1.7mm) left and right at a certain interval (Z axis coordinates are 140mm, 150mm, 160mm, XY coordinates are suitable to receive parallel beams) evenly place mirrors, the angle between the reflective surface of the mirror and the Z axis is about 45 degrees, The parallel beam is incident on the collimator array after passing through the mirror array to realize the coupling of the three-core fiber and the single-core fiber.

Since the operation of the mirror array requires a certain space, the first solution is suitable for the case where the number of multi-core fiber cores is small (less than or equal to 6). When the number of fiber cores is large, the second solution is applicable. .

Example 2

The second solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings 4-7 and specific embodiment 2.

The cross-section of the twelve-core optical fiber used in Embodiment 2 is shown in FIG. 4 , including a cladding 5 and a core 6 . The diameter of the core 6 is R, and the spacing between adjacent cores is d.

5-7, Embodiment 2 provides a mirror-based multi-core fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing device including a lens 2, two mirror arrays (a first mirror array 10, a second mirror array Mirror array 11), a group of single-core fiber collimators 3.

The outgoing end face of the twelve-core optical fiber 9 is located at the object-side focal plane of the lens 2, and the outgoing beams from different cores are collimated by the lens 2 to form multiple parallel beams with a certain included angle, and pass through two groups of orthogonal mirror arrays ( After the first mirror array 10 and the second mirror array 11), the light spots are separated in two mutually perpendicular directions.

The numerical aperture of the optical fiber is NA=0.2, the focal length of the lens is 2mm, and the first mirror array is placed in four rows at a certain interval at a distance of about 150mm from the lens (the distance between adjacent parallel lights is 1.7mm). The number of mirrors in the four rows is 2. , 4, 4, 2 (corresponding to the core arrangement of 12-core light rays), the Z-axis coordinates are 140mm, 150mm, 160mm, 170mm, respectively, and the XY coordinates are based on the ability to receive parallel beams and not block other parallel beams. The first separation of parallel beams is achieved in the Z-axis direction. The second mirror array includes twelve mirrors arranged in steps, and receives the parallel beams from the first mirror array in the Y-axis direction, so that the twelve parallel beams are separated for the second time in the Y-axis direction, and the The collimator array reflected to the X-axis direction realizes the coupling of twelve-core fibers and twelve single-core fibers.

Applying the above device, the present invention also provides a method for multiplexing and demultiplexing of multi-core fibers based on a mirror. The outgoing beam of the multi-core fiber is expanded and collimated by a lens, and the propagation direction of the beam is changed by a mirror assembly. , and widen the distance between the outgoing beams of different cores of the multi-core fiber, and receive the beams from the different cores of the multi-core fiber through a plurality of single-core fiber collimators included in the fiber collimator assembly. The outgoing beam is coupled to a plurality of single-core fibers to realize the function of space demultiplexing and multiplexing; after the outgoing beams of the plurality of single-core fibers pass through the corresponding plurality of the single-core fiber collimators, the beams are changed by the mirror assembly. the propagation direction, and is focused by the lens, coupled to the multi-core fiber, and realizes the function of space division multiplexing.

Specifically, when the device in the first solution is adopted, when the space demultiplexing and multiplexing function is realized, the outgoing light beam is dispersed by the first mirror array in the mirror assembly. The above-mentioned optical path is completely reversible, so the technical method provided by the present invention can complete the multiplexing function of the multi-core optical fiber. That is, when the space division multiplexing function is realized, the outgoing light beam is contracted by the first mirror array in the mirror assembly, that is, the distance between the plurality of outgoing light beams is shortened.

When the device in scheme 2 is adopted, when the space demultiplexing and multiplexing function is realized, the first reflector array in the reflector assembly firstly disperses the outgoing beam in the first direction, and reflects the A second mirror array in the mirror assembly; the second reflection mirror array is used to disperse the outgoing light beam in a second direction for the second time, and the light beam is reflected to the optical fiber collimator assembly. The above-mentioned optical path is completely reversible, so the technical method provided by the present invention can complete the multiplexing function of the multi-core optical fiber. That is, when the space division multiplexing function is realized, the outgoing beams are contracted in two directions by the first mirror array and the second mirror array in the mirror assembly, that is, the distance between the plurality of outgoing beams is shortened twice. distance.

A mirror-based device and method for multiplexing and demultiplexing multi-core fibers provided by the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following technical effects:

(1) Since the present invention only needs a simple lens, a mirror and a common collimator technology, the present invention has a simple processing and assembly process and low cost.

(2) The device structure of the present invention is flexible in structure design, easy to control parameters, can change with the number of multi-core fiber cores, and is suitable for circular, elliptical, slot-assisted and other core types.

(3) Since the lens and mirror elements can work efficiently in a wider band, the invention has low insertion loss and high bandwidth, and is especially suitable for the combination of space division multiplexing and wavelength division multiplexing. Since the outgoing beams from different cores of the multi-core fiber are collimated by the lens and then propagate independently, the crosstalk of the present invention is small.

(4) Since the lens and mirror elements can work effectively for incident light of any polarization state, the present invention is insensitive to the polarization state of the light emitted from the optical fiber.

Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be Modifications or equivalent substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A device for multiplexing and demultiplexing a multi-core optical fiber based on a mirror, comprising: a lens, a reflector assembly, a fiber collimator assembly;

the mirror assembly is positioned on the light path between the lens and the fiber collimator assembly; the optical fiber collimator assembly comprises a plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators, and the number of the single-core optical fiber collimators is the same as that of the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber; each single-core optical fiber collimator is in coupling alignment with a single-core optical fiber;

when the space division demultiplexing function is realized, the lens is used for expanding and collimating the emergent light beam of the multi-core optical fiber; the reflector assembly is used for changing the propagation direction of the light beams and pulling away the distance between the emergent light beams of different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber; the plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators are used for respectively receiving emergent light beams from different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber and are coupled to the plurality of single-core optical fibers;

when the space division multiplexing function is realized, the plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators are used for respectively receiving emergent light beams from the plurality of single-core optical fibers and transmitting the emergent light beams to the reflector assembly; the reflector assembly is used for changing the propagation direction of the light beams and shortening the distance between the emergent light beams; the lens is used for focusing the emergent light beam and is coupled to the multi-core optical fiber;

the mirror assembly includes: a first mirror array, a second mirror array;

the number of the reflectors in the first reflector array is the same as the number of the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber, and the number of the reflectors in the second reflector array is the same as the number of the fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber;

when the space division demultiplexing function is realized, the first mirror array is used for reflecting the light beams to the second mirror array, the second mirror array is used for reflecting the light beams to the optical fiber collimator assembly, the first mirror array and the second mirror array are orthogonal, and the first mirror array and the second mirror array perform light beam separation in two directions perpendicular to each other.

2. The mirror-based apparatus for multiplexing and demultiplexing according to claim 1, wherein said lens is a convex lens, and an entrance and exit end surface of said multicore fiber is located at a focal plane of said convex lens.

3. The device for multiplexing and demultiplexing according to claim 1, wherein said mirror is a plane mirror or a prism.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the first mirror array is configured with mirrors arranged in a step-like pattern, and the second mirror array is configured with mirrors arranged in a step-like pattern.

5. A multi-core optical fiber multiplexing and demultiplexing method based on a reflector is characterized in that emergent light beams of a multi-core optical fiber are expanded and collimated through a lens, the propagation direction of the light beams is changed through a reflector component, the distances between emergent light beams of different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber are separated, a plurality of single-core optical fiber collimators included in an optical fiber collimator component respectively receive emergent light beams of different fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber and are coupled to the plurality of single-core optical fibers, and the space division demultiplexing function is realized;

after the emergent light beams of the multiple single-core optical fibers respectively pass through the corresponding multiple single-core optical fiber collimators, the transmission direction of the light beams is changed through the reflector assembly, and the light beams are focused through the lens and coupled to the multiple single-core optical fibers, so that the space division multiplexing function is realized;

when the space division demultiplexing function is realized, the emergent light beam is dispersed for the first time in the first direction through the first mirror array in the mirror assembly, and the light beam is reflected to the second mirror array in the mirror assembly; and the emergent light beam is dispersed for the second time in the second direction through the second reflector array, and the light beam is reflected to the optical fiber collimator assembly.

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