CN110907629A - Test method for calibrating constraint force and ultrasonic wave of concrete filled steel tubular column - Google Patents
Test method for calibrating constraint force and ultrasonic wave of concrete filled steel tubular column Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
- G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
- E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for calibrating the restraining force and ultrasonic wave of a concrete-filled steel tubular column. According to the stress characteristic of the concrete filled steel tubular column, a semicircular (or semi-square) concrete filled steel tubular column is adopted for simulation, a tension sensor is utilized for controllably tensioning the steel tube, meanwhile, a sound wave transmitting sensor is arranged in the concrete filled steel tubular column, a sound wave receiving device is arranged on the outer side of the concrete filled steel tubular column, and the ultrasonic waves transmitted inside the concrete filled steel tubular column are continuously received in the tensioning process. And establishing a corresponding function relation according to the known tension and the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter measured in the tensioning process, thereby achieving the purpose of calibrating the variation of the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter. The test device is simple, quick to operate and reliable in analysis, and after calibration is completed, the hoop restraining force of the steel pipe on the core concrete in the whole steel pipe concrete loading process can be measured by an ultrasonic method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, in particular to a test method for calibrating the restraining force and ultrasonic waves of a concrete filled steel tubular column.
Background
The steel pipe concrete column is being more and more widely used in practical engineering because of its advantages of high bearing capacity, good earthquake resistance, better fire resistance than steel structure, and convenient construction. The bearing capacity of the steel tube concrete column can generate the effect of 1+1>2, and one important reason is that the steel tube has the effective hoop restraining effect on the core concrete, so that the core concrete is in a three-dimensional compression state, and the strength, compactness, ductility and other performances of the internal concrete are improved. Therefore, the determination of the magnitude of the restraint force of the hoop is very important for deeply researching the mechanical property of the concrete-filled steel tubular column.
At present, no test device can accurately measure the size of the restraint effect of the hoop and the distribution condition along the section. Because the hoop restraining force of the steel pipe exists on the interface between the steel pipe and the concrete, a common stress-strain measuring device cannot be installed, and a measuring element can be prevented from being arranged at the interface contact position by adopting an ultrasonic mode, so that the method is a feasible method for reflecting the restraining action of the concrete according to the received ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameter change by adopting ultrasonic detection. However, a test method capable of calibrating the corresponding relation between the magnitude of the restraining force of the concrete-filled steel tubular column and the change of the ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameter is lacked at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a test method for calibrating the restraining force and the ultrasonic wave of a concrete filled steel tubular column.
In order to achieve the purpose, the test method for calibrating the restraining force and the ultrasonic wave of the concrete-filled steel tubular column is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method adopts a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column for simulation, controllable tensioning is carried out on the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube by utilizing a tension sensor, meanwhile, a sound wave transmitting sensor is arranged inside the structure of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, a sound wave receiving device is arranged on the outer surface of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube, and ultrasonic waves transmitted inside are continuously received in the tensioning process; establishing a corresponding function relation according to the known tension and the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter measured in the tensioning process, and calibrating the variation of the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter; comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding an ultrasonic transmitting sensor in the central position of a cross section to be measured in a concrete column before pouring core concrete, and pouring to form a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column; placing a rectangular thick steel plate at the diameter section position of the formed semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, wherein the area of the rectangular thick steel plate is larger than the section area of the diameter of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, and notches are formed at the two ends of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, which correspond to the positions of the steel plates, so that the two ends of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube pass through the rectangular thick steel plate;
(2) the tension sensor is used for controllably tensioning the semicircular steel pipe or the semicircular steel pipe extending out of the two end parts of the rectangular thick steel plate at the same time, and simultaneously applying axial pressure to the column, wherein the magnitude of the axial pressure is 0.6Nu，NuFor its load-bearing capacity; tensioning the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube by adopting graded loading, wherein 10kN is added in each grade until the semicircular steel tube concrete column or the semi-square steel tube concrete column is damaged; each stage of load holding time is 2-3 min, and ultrasonic testing is carried out after the dial pointer of the tension sensor is stable;
(3) performing ultrasonic testing, namely enabling an ultrasonic receiving device to be in good contact with the outer surface of the semicircular steel pipe or the semi-square steel pipe through an ultrasonic coupling agent; during testing, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor transmits ultrasonic waves to the semicircular concrete filled steel tubular column or the semi-square concrete filled steel tubular column to be tested, the ultrasonic receiving device receives the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the semicircular concrete filled steel tubular column or the semi-square concrete filled steel tubular column, and simultaneously, a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves is recorded;
(4) the computer analyzes and processes the ultrasonic testing signal received by the ultrasonic receiving device, when the semi-square steel tube concrete column is used for simulation, when the two sections of the rectangular thick steel plate simultaneously exert the controllable force F, the constraint force received by the concrete on the upper surface is considered to be uniform, and the size sigma of the constraint force is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: a is the contact surface area of the steel pipe and the concrete on the upper surface; therefore, controllable constraint force is obtained through controllable tensile stress; the received ultrasonic signals are processed in a wavelet mode, and a weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by using a formula (2):
in the formula: sjIs 2 ndjThe variation amplitude value of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component under the scale; and (3) analyzing spectral area parameters under different constraint forces and actions thereof by using fitting regression, and finding that the two approximately have the following quadratic function relationship:
parameters A, B and C in the formula are related to the performance of the adopted concrete material, and the parameter values of the concrete with different aggregate sizes and different strength ratios are different; and further constructing a functional relation between the corresponding sound-stress sensitivity parameters and radial constraint forces under different tensile forces according to the correlation between the analyzed and processed ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameters and the stress.
As a preferred scheme, in the step (1), a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column is adopted for simulation, a rectangular thick steel plate is placed at the diameter section position of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, the area of the rectangular thick steel plate is larger than the section area of the diameter section position of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, notches are formed in the positions, corresponding to the rectangular thick steel plates, of two ends of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, and two ends of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube column penetrate; the effect of rectangle thick steel plate provides reaction force when force sensor carries out controllable stretch-draw to semicircle steel pipe or half square steel pipe, plays the purpose of fixed whole device.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention adopts ultrasonic detection, and is a feasible method for reflecting the size of the restraint action of the core concrete according to the change of the sound-stress sensitivity parameter of the received ultrasonic. However, a test method for calibrating the corresponding relation between the magnitude of the restraining force of the concrete-filled steel tubular column and the change of the ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameter is lacked at present. Based on the stress characteristic of the concrete filled steel tubular column, the invention adopts the semicircular (or semi-square) concrete filled steel tubular column for simulation, utilizes the tension sensor to controllably stretch the steel tube, and simultaneously arranges a sound wave transmitting device in the concrete filled steel tubular column and arranges a sound wave receiving device outside the concrete filled steel tubular column, and continuously receives the ultrasonic wave transmitted inside the concrete filled steel tubular column in the stretching process. The tension sensor controllably stretches the semicircular (or semi-square) steel pipe, the radial constraint force of the steel pipe on the core concrete can be calculated according to the mechanical knowledge through the known tension force, meanwhile, the acoustic wave signal in the stretching process is obtained through ultrasonic testing, and then the function relation between the corresponding acoustic-stress sensitivity parameters under different constraint forces is constructed, so that the purpose of calibrating the variation of the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameters is achieved.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the test device is simple, quick to operate and reliable in analysis, and after calibration is completed, the hoop restraining force of the steel pipe on the core concrete in the whole steel pipe concrete loading process can be measured by an ultrasonic method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of calibrating a restraining force and ultrasonic waves of a circular steel tube concrete column in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural cross-sectional view of the present invention for calibrating the restraining force of a square steel tube concrete column and ultrasonic waves.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a concrete-filled steel tube column to be tested, 2 semicircular (or semi-square) steel tubes, 3 an ultrasonic transmitting sensor, 4 an ultrasonic receiving device, 5 a steel plate and 6 a tension sensor for controlling tension of the steel tubes.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a test method for calibrating the restraining force and ultrasonic waves of a concrete-filled steel tubular column. The calibration method comprises the steps of a semicircular (or semi-square) steel pipe concrete column to be measured 1, a rectangular thick steel plate 5, a tension sensor 6, an ultrasonic transmitting sensor 3, an ultrasonic receiving device 4 and a computer. The concrete-filled steel tube column 1 to be tested is preferably formed by pouring self-compacting concrete, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 3 is embedded in the center of the middle section of the column before core concrete is poured, the ultrasonic receiving device 4 is tightly attached to the outer surface of a steel tube of the middle section of the concrete-filled steel tube column 1 to be tested, and preferably, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 3 and the ultrasonic receiving device 4 are in synchronous working state; further, the ultrasonic receiving device 4 is also connected with a computer, and the computer is used for analyzing and processing the ultrasonic testing signal received by the ultrasonic receiving device 4; the area of the rectangular thick steel plate 5 is slightly larger than the area of the section of the concrete filled steel tubular column, notches are formed in the positions, corresponding to the thick steel plates, of the two ends of the semicircular (or semi-square) steel tube 2, so that the two ends of the steel tube penetrate through the thick steel plates 5 to fix the steel plates, and the thick steel plates provide reaction force when the tension sensor 6 conducts controllable tension on the steel tube, so that the purpose of fixing the whole device is achieved; the tension sensor can controllably stretch a semicircular (or semicircular) steel pipe 2, the radial constraint force of the steel pipe on core concrete can be calculated according to mechanics knowledge through the known tension force, meanwhile, a sound wave signal in the stretching process is obtained through ultrasonic testing, and then the relation between the corresponding sound-stress sensitivity parameters and the radial constraint force under different tension forces is constructed, so that the purpose of calibration is achieved.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) before pouring core concrete, embedding an ultrasonic emission sensor 3 in the center position of a cross section to be measured in a column, and pouring and molding a semicircular (or semi-square) steel pipe concrete column 1; placing a rectangular thick steel plate 5 at the diameter section position of the formed semicircular (or semi-square) steel tube concrete column, wherein the area of the rectangular thick steel plate is slightly larger than the section area of the diameter of the steel tube concrete column, and notching at the positions, corresponding to the steel plate, of two ends 2 of the semicircular (or semi-square) steel tube so that two ends of the steel tube penetrate through the steel plate 5;
(2) the tension sensor 6 is utilized to controllably stretch the two end parts of the steel pipe extending out of the thick steel plate simultaneously, and an axial pressure of 0.6N is applied to the column simultaneouslyu(NuIts bearing capacity). Tensioning the semicircular steel pipe or the semi-square steel pipe 2 by adopting a step loading system, wherein 10kN is added to each step; and (4) carrying out ultrasonic testing after the dial pointer of the tension sensor is stable in each stage of load holding time of about 2-3 min.
(3) And (4) ultrasonic testing, namely, enabling the ultrasonic receiving device 4 to be in good contact with the outer surface of the steel pipe 2 through an ultrasonic couplant. During testing, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor 3 transmits ultrasonic waves to the steel pipe concrete column 1 to be tested, the ultrasonic receiving device 4 receives the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the steel pipe concrete column, and simultaneously, a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves is recorded.
(4) Taking a square steel tube as an example, when two sections of the thick steel plate 5 simultaneously apply the controllable force F, the constraining force received by the concrete at the upper surface can be considered to be uniform, and the magnitude σ thereof can be calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: a is the contact surface area of the steel pipe and the concrete on the upper surface. Thus, a controllable restraining force is obtained by a controllable tensile stress. The received ultrasonic signals are processed in a wavelet mode, and a weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by using a formula (2)
In the formula: sjIs 2 ndjMagnitude of variation of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component at scale. And (3) analyzing spectral area parameters under different constraint forces and actions thereof by using fitting regression, and finding that the two approximately have the following quadratic function relationship:
the parameters A, B and C in the formula are related to the performance of the adopted concrete material, and the parameter values of the concrete with different aggregate sizes, different strength ratios and the like are different. The test of the concrete filled steel tube with different proportions of C30-C60 shows that the concrete filled steel tube approximately conforms to the quadratic function relationship, and the ratio R of the regression sum of squares and the total dispersion sum of squares2The model fitting goodness is higher within the range of 0.887-0.943. Therefore, the functional relation between the corresponding sound-stress sensitivity parameter and the constraint force under different tension forces can be obtained.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A test method for calibrating the restraining force and ultrasonic wave of a concrete filled steel tubular column is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method adopts a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column for simulation, controllable tensioning is carried out on the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube by utilizing a tension sensor, meanwhile, a sound wave transmitting sensor is arranged inside the structure of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, a sound wave receiving device is arranged on the outer surface of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube, and ultrasonic waves transmitted inside are continuously received in the tensioning process; establishing a corresponding function relation according to the known tension and the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter measured in the tensioning process, and calibrating the variation of the acoustic-stress sensitivity parameter; comprises the following steps:
(1) embedding an ultrasonic transmitting sensor in the central position of a cross section to be measured in a concrete column before pouring core concrete, and pouring to form a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column; placing a rectangular thick steel plate at the diameter section position of the formed semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, wherein the area of the rectangular thick steel plate is larger than the section area of the diameter of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, and notches are formed at the two ends of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, which correspond to the positions of the steel plates, so that the two ends of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube pass through the rectangular thick steel plate;
(2) the tension sensor is used for controllably tensioning the semicircular steel pipe or the semicircular steel pipe extending out of the two end parts of the rectangular thick steel plate at the same time, and simultaneously applying axial pressure to the column, wherein the magnitude of the axial pressure is 0.6Nu，NuFor its load-bearing capacity; tensioning the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube by adopting graded loading, wherein 10kN is added in each grade until the semicircular steel tube concrete column or the semi-square steel tube concrete column is damaged; each stage of load holding time is 2-3 min, and ultrasonic testing is carried out after the dial pointer of the tension sensor is stable;
(3) performing ultrasonic testing, namely enabling an ultrasonic receiving device to be in good contact with the outer surface of the semicircular steel pipe or the semi-square steel pipe through an ultrasonic coupling agent; during testing, the ultrasonic transmitting sensor transmits ultrasonic waves to the semicircular concrete filled steel tubular column or the semi-square concrete filled steel tubular column to be tested, the ultrasonic receiving device receives the ultrasonic waves transmitted through the semicircular concrete filled steel tubular column or the semi-square concrete filled steel tubular column, and simultaneously, a beam curve corresponding to the transmitted ultrasonic waves is recorded;
(4) the computer analyzes and processes the ultrasonic testing signal received by the ultrasonic receiving device, when the semi-square steel tube concrete column is used for simulation, when the two sections of the rectangular thick steel plate simultaneously exert the controllable force F, the constraint force received by the concrete on the upper surface is considered to be uniform, and the size sigma of the constraint force is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula: a is the contact surface area of the steel pipe and the concrete on the upper surface; therefore, controllable constraint force is obtained through controllable tensile stress; the received ultrasonic signals are processed in a wavelet mode, and a weighted frequency domain spectral area parameter is calculated by using a formula (2):
in the formula: sjIs 2 ndjThe variation amplitude value of the frequency domain spectral area of the wavelet component under the scale; and (3) analyzing spectral area parameters under different constraint forces and actions thereof by using fitting regression, and finding that the two approximately have the following quadratic function relationship:
parameters A, B and C in the formula are related to the performance of the adopted concrete material, and the parameter values of the concrete with different aggregate sizes and different strength ratios are different; and further constructing a functional relation between the corresponding sound-stress sensitivity parameters and radial constraint forces under different tensile forces according to the correlation between the analyzed and processed ultrasonic sound-stress sensitivity parameters and the stress.
2. The test method for calibrating the restraining force and the ultrasonic wave of the concrete-filled steel tubular column according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (1), a semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or a semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column is adopted for simulation, a rectangular thick steel plate is placed at the diameter section position of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, the area of the rectangular thick steel plate is larger than the section area of the diameter section position of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, notches are formed in the positions, corresponding to the rectangular thick steel plates, of two ends of the semicircular concrete-filled steel tube column or the semi-square concrete-filled steel tube column, and two ends of the semicircular steel tube or the semi-square steel tube penetrate through the; the effect of rectangle thick steel plate provides reaction force when force sensor carries out controllable stretch-draw to semicircle steel pipe or half square steel pipe, plays the purpose of fixed whole device.
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